Oil and gas separation device for internal combustion engines

Abstract

This invention discloses an oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines, comprising a cavity-shaped engine casing and an oil-gas mixer connected to the casing for collecting oil mist. The oil-gas mixer inputs the oil mist into the engine casing for oil-gas separation. The technology of this invention achieves highly efficient oil-gas separation through multiple separation processes, adaptive adjustment, and enhanced adaptive regulation. It not only effectively separates large oil mist particles but also exhibits excellent separation efficiency for small oil mist particles. The invention employs a multi-stage separation process design, increasing the effectiveness of oil-gas separation. Each stage has a specific separation mechanism, including mechanical collision, acceleration, convergence, and tumbling, which work together to improve overall separation performance, particularly for fine oil mist particles. The entire device does not rely on electrical components or active drive actuators; it achieves separation solely through the kinetic energy of the oil mist itself, reducing operation, maintenance, control, and production costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine technology, and in particular to an oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines. Background Technology

[0002] When an internal combustion engine is operating, the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases in the combustion chamber may leak into the oil pan. This causes an increase in pressure in the oil pan, creating resistance to the piston's reciprocating motion. This problem not only affects the engine's efficiency but also increases fuel consumption, as the engine requires more energy to overcome this resistance. Oil-gas separation technology can effectively reduce this resistance, improving the engine's performance and fuel efficiency. Simultaneously, during engine operation, the air-fuel mixture emitted from the crankcase contains oil vapor. This vapor adsorbs onto the surfaces of various engine components, forming carbon deposits. Carbon deposits affect the movement of cylinder walls, piston rings, and valves, reducing the engine's performance. Furthermore, carbon deposits can cause ignition problems, leading to unstable combustion and further reducing engine efficiency. Oil-gas separation prevents oil vapor from entering the air-fuel mixture, thereby reducing carbon deposit formation.

[0003] When engine oil mixes with the air-fuel mixture and is burned, the oil is consumed, leading to oil waste. Oil-gas separation technology can recover engine oil into the oil pan, reducing oil consumption, lowering maintenance costs, and extending oil change intervals. More importantly, the air-fuel mixture contains oil vapor and other harmful gases, which pollute the environment if released into the atmosphere. Oil-gas separation removes these harmful substances from the exhaust gases, reducing harmful emissions from internal combustion engines and minimizing negative environmental impacts. Therefore, several oil-gas separation devices for internal combustion engines already exist, such as the technology disclosed in CN201210176625.4, which achieves oil-gas separation by guiding oil mist and subjecting it to mechanical collision.

[0004] However, through long-term work and research, the inventors discovered the following technical problems in this type of traditional technology that urgently need to be solved:

[0005] (1) Poor limitation of fixed angle: Traditional technology usually uses a fixed angle to guide oil mist, which means that it cannot adapt to changes in different oil mist flow rates and velocities, resulting in a decrease in separation efficiency.

[0006] (2) Limited efficiency of mechanical collision: Traditional technology mainly relies on mechanical collision, which has low efficiency for separating small oil mist particles and is prone to producing a situation where the gas still contains a large amount of oil mist.

[0007] (3) Lack of adaptive adjustment: Traditional technology lacks adaptability and cannot be adjusted according to the real-time flow rate, velocity and other physical parameters of oil mist, resulting in unstable performance under different working conditions.

[0008] (4) Low flexibility: Traditional technologies usually have fixed structures and working methods, which make it difficult to meet the needs of different internal combustion engine models and working conditions, and lack flexibility and versatility.

[0009] Therefore, an oil-gas separation device for internal combustion engines is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide an oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, namely, poor fixed angle limitation, limited mechanical collision efficiency, lack of adaptive adjustment and low flexibility, and to provide at least one beneficial alternative to these problems.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: An oil-gas separation device for an internal combustion engine includes a housing with a cavity and an oil-gas mixer communicating with the housing for collecting oil mist. The oil-gas mixer inputs oil mist into the housing for oil-gas separation. The housing wall is provided with a flow section for allowing oil mist to flow into the housing and outputting oil mist and oil body into the housing. A separation mechanism for oil-gas separation is installed in the cavity of the housing. The separation mechanism includes an adaptive flow splitting component and a variable diameter separation component.

[0012] When the oil mist enters the housing, it sequentially contacts the adaptive flow divider and the variable diameter separator. After being output from the internal combustion engine to the fuel-air mixer and then input into the housing, the oil mist retains a certain amount of kinetic energy and direction. The adaptive flow divider adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to its flow rate; the greater the flow rate, the slower the flow rate is adaptively adjusted. The oil mist is then guided and impacts the inner wall of the housing, forming the first separation process. At this point, larger oil droplets adhere to the inner wall of the housing and drip to the bottom of the housing cavity.

[0013] The variable-diameter separation component is used to directly contact the oil mist and adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and volume of the oil mist. It also performs a tumbling action in the form of a ring-shaped guide to achieve the separation of oil vapor and oil body. The oil droplets in the tumbling state will be flung and separated from the oil vapor, and drip to the bottom of the cavity of the housing.

[0014] In the above embodiment: This internal combustion engine oil-gas separator includes an engine housing and an oil-gas mixer connected thereto. The engine housing has a cavity for oil-gas separation. The oil-gas mixer collects the oil mist emitted from the internal combustion engine and transports it into the engine housing for separation. The engine housing wall has a flow section for guiding the oil mist into the housing and outputting the separated oil-gas and oil. The separation mechanism is located inside the engine housing and includes an adaptive flow divider and a variable diameter separation assembly. When the oil mist enters the engine housing, it passes through the adaptive flow divider and the variable diameter separation assembly to achieve effective oil-gas separation.

[0015] In one embodiment: a control box is installed outside the housing, the control box being used to control the variable diameter separator assembly; the flow section includes a first flange and a second flange communicating with the interior of the housing; the first flange is located above the second flange and below the variable diameter separator assembly, for outputting oil-gas; the second flange is installed at the bottom of the housing, for outputting oil; a through hole is opened at the top of the housing, the through hole communicating with an oil-gas mixer for collecting oil mist, the oil mist being input into the cavity via the top of the housing to perform oil-gas separation. Depending on the model of the internal combustion engine, the first flange can be connected to the pushrod chamber or crankcase of the internal combustion engine via a connecting pipe. The second flange can be connected to the oil pan of the internal combustion engine via a connecting pipe, realizing fuel recovery and reuse.

[0016] In one embodiment: the separation mechanism includes a shaft seat, and the adaptive flow splitter and the variable diameter separation assembly are respectively mounted above and below the shaft seat. The shaft seat is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing.

[0017] In one embodiment: the adaptive flow splitter includes a mushroom-shaped disc that slides vertically onto the upper surface of the machine shaft seat, the mushroom-shaped disc establishing an elastic force storage relationship with the machine shaft seat through a spring; the mushroom-shaped disc is located below the through hole at the top of the housing; the through hole at the top of the housing has a converging portion that gradually expands from top to bottom.

[0018] In the above embodiment: the adaptive flow divider includes a mushroom-shaped disc, which establishes an elastic force-storing relationship with the machine shaft seat via a spring. The mushroom-shaped disc is located below a through-hole at the top of the housing, and the top of the through-hole has a converging portion that gradually narrows from top to bottom. This configuration allows the distance between the mushroom-shaped disc and the through-hole to be adaptively adjusted according to the oil mist flow rate.

[0019] In one embodiment: the variable diameter separation assembly includes frame plates uniformly hinged to the machine shaft seat in a ring array. The frame plates are plate-shaped, with one end hinged to the machine shaft seat. The cylinder body and piston rod of the linear telescopic cylinder are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat and the frame plates. A telescopic plate is slidably engaged between every two adjacent frame plates. When the linear telescopic cylinder adjusts the frame plates to tilt relative to the central axis of the machine shaft seat, each pair of frame plates can drive the telescopic plate between them to adjust the pitch angle synchronously. During the adjustment process, the frame plates dynamically retract the telescopic plates into the interior of the frame plates. All the frame plates and the telescopic plates together surround the machine shaft seat to form a hollow conical body. The top surface of the hollow conical body, i.e., the top surface of all the frame plates and the top surface of the telescopic plates, is used to contact the oil mist. The hollow internal structure of the hollow conical body is used to perform a rolling action of the oil mist in a ring-shaped guiding manner.

[0020] In one embodiment, the linear telescopic cylinder is preferably a hydraulic damper, wherein the cylinder body and piston rod of the hydraulic damper are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat and the frame plate.

[0021] In one embodiment: the control box is equipped with a pilot-operated relief valve, which is connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic damper. The extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic damper is adjusted by controlling the adjusting handle of the pilot-operated relief valve.

[0022] In the above embodiment, the control box contains a pilot-operated relief valve connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic damper. By controlling the adjusting handle on the pilot-operated relief valve, the extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic damper can be precisely adjusted. This design allows for fine-tuning of the operating parameters of the hydraulic damper.

[0023] In one embodiment, the linear telescopic cylinder can preferably be a servo electric cylinder, wherein the cylinder body and piston rod of the servo electric cylinder are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat and the frame plate.

[0024] In one embodiment, the control box contains a sensor group consisting of a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, and a velocity sensor. The detection end of the sensor group is inserted into the inner wall of the housing. The sensor group is used to detect the physical parameters of the oil mist. Based on this, the operator can independently control a linear telescopic cylinder in the form of a servo electric cylinder to perform the second, third, and tumbling oil-gas separation processes.

[0025] In one embodiment: the telescopic plate has a guide fin on the side facing the oil mist input direction for guiding the oil mist downwards at an angle; in the inner wall of the housing, an annular guide arc is provided at the position above the first flange for guiding the oil mist upwards at an angle to the "small hollow conical body inside".

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) High-efficiency oil-gas separation: The technology of this invention achieves high-efficiency oil-gas separation through multiple separation processes, adaptive adjustment, and enhanced adaptive adjustment. It can not only effectively separate large oil mist particles, but also has excellent separation efficiency for small oil mist particles.

[0028] (2) Multi-stage separation process: The design of multiple separation stages increases the oil-gas separation effect. Each stage has a specific separation mechanism, including mechanical collision, acceleration, convergence, tumbling and other synergistic work, which improves the overall separation performance, especially for fine oil mist particles.

[0029] (3) Active automation: When the present invention adopts the mode of hydraulic buffer, the whole device does not need to rely on electrical components or active drive actuators. It can achieve separation operation by relying only on the kinetic energy of the oil mist itself, which reduces the operation, maintenance, control and production costs.

[0030] (4) Adaptability and flexibility: The technology of this invention is adaptive and can automatically adjust the flow rate of the oil mist according to the actual working conditions, adapting to different flow rates and velocities. This flexibility makes it suitable for various internal combustion engine models and working conditions, without the need for frequent manual adjustments.

[0031] (5) Energy saving and environmental protection: Through adaptive adjustment, the technology of this invention can reduce energy consumption and reduce oil waste, thereby reducing environmental pollution. This helps to improve the working efficiency of internal combustion engines and reduce operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention after the oil-gas mixer has been removed;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the housing and control box of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a front view of the casing of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the separation mechanism of the present invention from a bottom-view perspective;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the oil mist flow direction of the separation mechanism of the present invention during operation (from the left view perspective).

[0040] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 101. First flange; 102. Second flange; 103. Converging section; 104. Guide arc body; 2. Oil-gas mixer; 3. Separation mechanism; 301. Shaft seat; 302. Adaptive flow splitting assembly; 3021. Mushroom-shaped disc; 3022. Spring component; 303. Variable diameter separation assembly; 3031. Linear telescopic cylinder; 3032. Frame plate; 3033. Telescopic plate; 3034. Guide fin; 4. Control box; 401. Sensor group; 402. Pilot-operated overflow valve; Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below;

[0042] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0043] It should be noted that terms such as "degree of freedom" refer to the connection relationship and the relationship of applying force to at least one component. For example, "linear degree of freedom" means that a component is connected to one or more other components through the linear degree of freedom and applies force to them, so that they can slide or apply force in a straight line direction; "rotational degree of freedom" means that a component can rotate freely about at least one rotation axis and can apply torque or withstand torque.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. Simultaneously, all axial descriptions, such as the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, one end of the X-axis, the other end of the Y-axis, or the other end of the Z-axis, are based on the Cartesian coordinate system.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," and "fixation" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, a welding connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the accompanying drawings and specific circumstances.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] To make the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will now be described in detail using examples. The present invention can be implemented in many ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] In existing technologies, traditional oil-gas separation devices typically suffer from several drawbacks, including fixed angles, limited efficiency of mechanical collisions, lack of adaptive adjustment, low flexibility, and efficiency and energy consumption issues. Therefore, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1-7This specific embodiment will provide a related technical solution to solve the above-mentioned technical problems: an oil-gas separation device for an internal combustion engine, including a housing 1 with a cavity and an oil-gas mixer 2 communicating with the housing 1 for collecting oil mist. The oil-gas mixer 2 inputs oil mist into the housing 1 for oil-gas separation. The wall of the housing 1 is provided with a flow section for allowing oil mist to flow into the housing 1 and outputting oil mist and oil body into the housing 1. A separation mechanism 3 for oil-gas separation is installed in the cavity of the housing 1. The separation mechanism 3 includes an adaptive diversion component 302 and a variable diameter separation component 303. When oil mist enters the housing 1, it sequentially contacts the adaptive diversion component 302 and the variable diameter separation component 303. 3. When the oil mist is output from the internal combustion engine to the oil-air mixer 2 and then input into the engine housing 1, it still retains a certain amount of kinetic energy and direction. The adaptive flow divider 302 adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to the flow rate; the larger the flow rate of the oil mist, the slower its flow rate is adaptively adjusted. The oil mist is guided and hits the inner wall of the engine housing 1, forming the first separation process. At this time, larger oil droplets will adhere to the inner wall of the engine housing 1 and drip to the bottom of the cavity of the engine housing 1. The variable diameter separation assembly 303 is used to contact the oil mist head-on and adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and flow rate of the oil mist. The oil mist is tumbled in a ring-shaped guiding manner to achieve the separation of oil-air and oil. The oil droplets in the tumbling state will be flung and separated from the oil-air and drip to the bottom of the cavity of the engine housing 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the oil-gas separator for an internal combustion engine includes a housing 1 and an oil-gas mixer 2 connected thereto. The housing 1 has a cavity for oil-gas separation. The oil-gas mixer 2 collects the oil mist emitted from the internal combustion engine and transports it into the housing 1 for separation. The wall of the housing 1 has a flow section for guiding the oil mist into the housing 1 and outputting the separated oil-gas and oil. The separation mechanism 3 is located inside the housing 1 and includes an adaptive flow divider 302 and a variable diameter separation assembly 303. When the oil mist enters the housing 1, it passes through the adaptive flow divider 302 and the variable diameter separation assembly 303 to achieve effective oil-gas separation.

[0050] Specifically, the design principle of this device is based on the physical properties and separation principle of oil mist. When the oil mist enters the engine casing 1, it first passes through the adaptive flow divider 302. This component adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to its flow rate. When the flow rate is high, the flow rate slows down, allowing larger oil droplets to adhere to the inner wall of the engine casing 1 and drip to the bottom of the cavity. This step forms the first separation process. Next, the oil mist enters the variable diameter separator 303, which adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and flow rate of the oil mist, and then tumbles the oil mist in a ring-shaped guiding motion. In the tumbling state, the oil droplets are thrown and separated from the oil and gas, and drip to the bottom of the cavity of the engine casing 1. This ring-shaped guiding and tumbling process effectively separates the oil and gas from the oil, ensuring that the oil is collected and does not re-enter the internal combustion engine system.

[0051] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the key function of this oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines is to effectively separate oil and gas from oil, thereby addressing issues such as oil mist leakage, carbon buildup, oil waste, and environmental pollution during engine operation. Through the synergistic effect of the adaptive flow divider and the variable diameter separator, the separation process can be adaptively adjusted according to different operating conditions, ensuring highly efficient oil-gas separation.

[0052] It should be noted that the oil-gas mixer 2, also known as the oil-gas distribution mixer, has the same function as the oil-gas mixer in the traditional technology CN201210176625.4 "An Oil-Gas Separation Device". It collects the oil and gas generated in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine or other structures that can generate oil and gas through the gas intake pipe (Area A in the figure). It is connected to the engine casing 1 through a pipe or interface to ensure that the oil mist generated from the internal combustion engine can be smoothly input into the oil-gas separation device for subsequent processing.

[0053] Furthermore, the main principle of the oil-gas mixer 2 is to convey the mixture (including oil mist and air) generated from the internal combustion engine into the engine casing 1 to initiate the oil-gas separation process. It plays a preliminary mixing and guiding role, ensuring sufficient contact between the oil mist and air, creating conditions for subsequent separation processes. The oil-gas mixer 2 has multiple functions:

[0054] (1) Mixing effect: The oil-gas mixer fully mixes the oil mist in the mixed gas emitted from the internal combustion engine with air, ensuring that the oil mist is more easily captured in the subsequent separation process.

[0055] (2) Guiding function: The structure and design of the oil-gas mixer ensure that the mixed gas is input into the housing 1 at an appropriate speed and direction so that the subsequent separation mechanism can make full use of kinetic energy for oil-gas separation.

[0056] (3) Interface function: The oil-gas mixer 2 also provides a connection interface with the internal combustion engine to ensure effective collection of oil mist and reduce the possibility of oil mist leakage into the environment.

[0057] Preferably, the oil-gas mixer 2 is model VSG-KR.

[0058] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 1 , 3 4. A control box 4 is installed outside the housing 1. The control box 4 is used to control the variable diameter separator assembly 303. The flow section includes a first flange 101 and a second flange 102 connected inside the housing 1. The first flange 101 is located above the second flange 102 and below the variable diameter separator assembly 303, and is used to output oil and gas. The second flange 102 is installed at the bottom of the housing 1 and is used to output oil. A through hole is opened at the top of the housing 1, which is connected to an oil-gas mixer 2 for collecting oil mist. The oil mist is input into the cavity through the top of the housing 1 to perform oil-gas separation. Depending on the model of the internal combustion engine, the first flange 101 can be connected to the pushrod chamber or crankcase of the internal combustion engine through a connecting pipe. The second flange 102 can be connected to the oil pan of the internal combustion engine through a connecting pipe to realize fuel recovery and reuse.

[0059] Specifically, the principle of this implementation involves control, flow, and separation. The variable diameter separator assembly 303 is designed to achieve high efficiency in oil-gas separation. Oil mist is introduced into the cavity of the housing 1 through a through-hole from the oil-gas mixer 2, and then the oil-gas mixture flows through the adaptive flow divider assembly 302 and the variable diameter separator assembly 303. The first flange 101 is used to output the oil-gas mixture, while the second flange 102 is used to output the oil mixture.

[0060] Understandably, in this embodiment, the key function of this implementation is to more precisely control the oil-gas separation process to meet the needs of different internal combustion engine models. The presence of the control box 4 allows the variable diameter separator 303 to adaptively adjust according to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, ensuring the high efficiency of the separation process. The arrangement of the first flange 101 and the second flange 102 allows for the efficient output of oil and gas and oil. Furthermore, by communicating with the pushrod chamber or crankcase of the internal combustion engine, the first flange 101 can realize the recovery and reuse of fuel gas, improving fuel economy. At the same time, the second flange 102, by connecting to the oil pan of the internal combustion engine, recovers oil, reducing oil waste and environmental pollution. The combined functions of this embodiment help improve the performance, reliability, and environmental friendliness of the internal combustion engine, while reducing operating costs.

[0061] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 4 , 5The separation mechanism 3 includes a shaft seat 301, an adaptive flow divider 302, and a variable diameter separation assembly 303, which are respectively installed above and below the shaft seat 301. The shaft seat 301 is fixed to the inner bottom wall of the housing 1.

[0062] Specifically: the shaft seat 301 provides support for the separation mechanism 3 and ensures its stable installation within the housing 1. The adaptive flow divider 302 adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to its flow rate to achieve the first separation process. The variable diameter separation assembly 303 is installed below the shaft seat 301. It adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and velocity of the oil mist, and then performs a rolling action in a ring-shaped guiding manner to achieve the separation of oil gas and oil. The fixed position of the shaft seat 301 ensures that the adaptive flow divider 302 and the variable diameter separation assembly 303 can work effectively together to achieve efficient oil gas separation.

[0063] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to achieve efficient oil-gas separation through the support and installation of the engine shaft seat 301, and the cooperation of the adaptive flow splitter 302 and the variable diameter separator 303. The adaptive flow splitter 302 adaptively adjusts the flow rate according to the oil mist flow rate, ensuring that larger oil droplets adhere to the inner wall of the engine casing 1 and drip off. The variable diameter separator 303 adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and flow rate of the oil mist, and tumbles the oil droplets in a ring-shaped guiding manner to effectively separate oil-gas and oil. The fixed position of the engine shaft seat 301 ensures the stable operation of the separation mechanism 3, enabling the oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines to maintain high efficiency under different operating conditions. This helps to reduce oil mist leakage in the internal combustion engine, reduce carbon deposits and oil waste, improve the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine, extend its service life, and reduce environmental pollution. This functional description emphasizes the importance of the implementation method to improve the sustainability and economy of the internal combustion engine.

[0064] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 6 The adaptive flow distribution assembly 302 includes a mushroom-shaped disk 3021 that is vertically slidably fitted onto the upper surface of the shaft seat 301. The mushroom-shaped disk 3021 establishes an elastic force storage relationship with the shaft seat 301 through a spring member 3022. The mushroom-shaped disk 3021 is located below the through hole at the top of the housing 1. The through hole at the top of the housing 1 has a converging portion 103, which gradually expands from top to bottom.

[0065] In this design: when oil mist is input into the housing 1, the top of the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 is subjected to force according to the flow rate of the oil mist, compressing the spring 3022 to achieve linear adjustment, thereby adjusting the distance between it and the through hole; the greater the force, the larger the distance, and according to the principle of continuous mass conservation, the larger the distance means that the flow rate of the oil mist is adaptively adjusted more slowly; the significance of the converging part 103 is to assist the adaptive diversion component 302. When oil mist is input into the housing 1, the converging part 103 can play a guiding role. When the adaptive diversion component 302 is adjusted, the converging part 103's conical feature can ensure that the flow path between it and the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 is in an inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angle. For this "inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angle" form, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The indicated area B.

[0066] In this design, the adaptive flow divider assembly 302 includes a mushroom-shaped disc 3021, which is elastically connected to the shaft seat 301 via a spring 3022. The mushroom-shaped disc 3021 is located below a through-hole at the top of the housing 1, and the top of the through-hole has a converging portion 103 that gradually narrows from top to bottom. This configuration allows the distance between the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 and the through-hole to be adaptively adjusted according to the oil mist flow rate.

[0067] Specifically, this implementation principle involves the flow and adaptive adjustment of oil mist. When oil mist enters the housing 1, the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 is located below the through hole and is subjected to the elastic force of the spring member 3022. The greater the oil mist flow rate, the greater the force on the mushroom-shaped disc 3021, and the spring member 3022 is compressed, thereby linearly adjusting the distance between the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 and the through hole. According to the principle of continuous mass conservation, the larger the distance, the slower the flow rate of the oil mist, thus achieving adaptive adjustment. At this time, the top of the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 acts as a variable flow controller, adjusting the speed of the oil mist as needed. The converging part 103 plays a guiding and assisting role in this process. When the oil mist enters the housing 1, the converging part 103 can guide the oil mist flow to the adaptive diversion component 302. Meanwhile, when the adaptive flow divider 302 is adjusted, the conical feature of the converging part 103 ensures that the flow path between it and the mushroom-shaped disk 3021 remains inclined but relatively parallel or at a small angle, thereby ensuring that the oil mist can be effectively adjusted and separated between the adaptive flow divider 302 and the through hole.

[0068] Specifically, the principle behind the statement that "a larger spacing means a slower adaptive adjustment of the oil mist's flow rate" lies in the following: According to the principle of continuous mass conservation, the mass flow rate through the orifice should remain constant. This means that if the total mass flow rate of the oil mist remains constant within a specific region, then if the spacing increases, the cross-sectional area of ​​the orifice must decrease accordingly to maintain a constant mass flow rate. Furthermore, from the perspective of the relationship between flow rate and cross-sectional area, flow rate is the ratio of the volume of fluid passing through the cross-sectional area per unit time to its mass. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the orifice decreases (because the spacing increases), the flow rate must decrease to maintain a constant mass flow rate. This is because, in the same amount of time, a smaller orifice cross-sectional area can only accommodate a smaller mass of fluid; therefore, the flow rate must decrease to maintain a constant total mass flow rate. Therefore, when the oil mist flows through the adaptive flow splitter 302, if the spacing of the adaptive flow splitter 302 increases, the cross-sectional area of ​​the orifice decreases, resulting in a slower adaptive adjustment of the oil mist's flow rate to maintain a constant mass flow rate. This mechanism helps to regulate the flow rate of the oil mist, making it more suitable for the subsequent separation process and improving separation efficiency.

[0069] Furthermore, adjusting the flow rate of the oil mist ensures a longer residence time for oil droplets during the separation process. In practice, a larger oil mist flow rate means more small oil droplets in the mist. When the flow rate is adaptively adjusted to a slower rate, the small oil droplets in the mist reside in the separation mechanism 3 for a longer time, increasing the chances of the mechanism capturing and separating the droplets. Therefore, adjusting the flow rate can improve separation efficiency, allowing more oil droplets to be effectively separated without being carried into the engine combustion chamber or exhaust. Conversely, if the oil mist flow rate is too high, the separation mechanism 3 may not be able to effectively capture and separate all the oil droplets, resulting in some droplets being carried into the engine combustion chamber or exhaust. This not only reduces separation efficiency but also wastes engine oil. Therefore, by adaptively adjusting the flow rate, this residue and waste can be reduced, improving the oil recovery rate.

[0070] Furthermore, a high flow rate may cause oil droplets to experience greater impact and force within the separation mechanism 3, potentially damaging or wearing down the mechanism and related components. By adjusting the flow rate, the kinetic energy of the oil droplets within the separation mechanism 3 can be reduced, mechanical impact can be decreased, and the lifespan of the separation mechanism 3 can be extended.

[0071] Furthermore, structures that are tilted but relatively parallel or have a relatively small included angle ( Figure 7The indicated area B helps guide the flow of oil mist between the adaptive flow divider 302 and the convergence section 103. Due to the inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angle between these components, the fluid flow is more stable and controllable. This helps avoid sudden disturbances or eddy formation of the oil mist, ensuring uniform flow throughout the separation process. It also prevents localized eddies or velocity inhomogeneity. A uniform velocity distribution helps the separation mechanism 3 capture and separate oil droplets more effectively, improving separation efficiency. The relatively small angle reduces eddy formation, thus reducing eddy losses. Eddies cause energy loss and mixing, which can be reduced by maintaining smooth and orderly flow. In this case, the oil mist is in contact with the surface of the separation mechanism 3 for a longer time, which helps to more thoroughly separate oil droplets, especially for small oil mist particles, where deposition and separation are more efficient.

[0072] Furthermore, when fluid flows in a pipe, sharp bends or angles can cause eddies, a phenomenon where the fluid rotates and mixes within the bend. This leads to energy loss and flow instability. Inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angles reduce abrupt flow changes, thus reducing eddy formation. Inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angle flow channel structures help maintain fluid flow in a specific direction. Fluid is less likely to deviate from its flow direction within the channel because the channel design itself guides the fluid. This directionality contributes to fluid controllability and stability. Conventional vertical parallel inlet structures can cause fluid to repeatedly backtrack within the channel, resulting in counterflow. This increases fluid mixing and instability. In contrast, the inclined but relatively parallel or relatively small angle configuration of this embodiment helps avoid counterflow and maintains consistent fluid flow within the channel.

[0073] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to achieve adaptive adjustment of the oil mist flow rate according to the oil mist flow rate through the design of the adaptive flow splitter 302 and the convergence section 103. This functional description emphasizes the following points:

[0074] (1) Flow rate regulation: Through the elastic storage relationship of the mushroom-shaped disc 3021, the adaptive flow divider 302 can linearly regulate the flow rate of the oil mist according to the flow rate of the oil mist. This ensures that the oil mist can be effectively controlled even under different working conditions.

[0075] (2) Flow control: The top of the mushroom-shaped disc 3021 acts as a variable flow controller, which can adjust the speed of the oil mist as needed, thereby providing more precise separation performance.

[0076] (3) Guiding and assisting adjustment: The design of the converging part 103 helps guide the flow of oil mist to the adaptive diversion component 302 and provides assistance when the adaptive diversion component 302 is adjusted, ensuring that the flow path remains inclined but relatively parallel or with a small angle, which helps to separate oil and gas and oil body.

[0077] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 6 The variable diameter separation assembly 303 includes frame plates 3032 uniformly hinged to the machine shaft seat 301 in a ring array. The frame plates 3032 are plate-shaped, and one end of them is hinged to the machine shaft seat 301 by a hinge connection. The cylinder body and piston rod of the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat 301 and the frame plates 3032. A telescopic plate 3033 is slidably fitted between every two adjacent frame plates 3032.

[0078] In this scheme: when the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 adjusts the frame plate 3032 to tilt relative to the central axis of the shaft seat 301, each pair of frame plates 3032 can drive the telescopic plate 3033 between them to make synchronous pitch angle adjustments; at the same time, during the adjustment process, the frame plate 3032 will dynamically retract the telescopic plate 3033 into the interior of the frame plate 3032; all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 together surround the shaft seat 301 to form a hollow conical body. The top surface of the hollow conical body, that is, the top surface of all the frame plates 3032 and the top surface of the telescopic plate 3033, is used to contact the oil mist. The hollow internal structure of the hollow conical body is used to perform a rolling operation of the oil mist in the form of annular guiding flow.

[0079] Specifically, the shapes of the telescopic plate 3033 and the frame plate 3032 must ensure that they can still establish a sliding pair (sliding fit) relationship when adjusting the pitch. They can be machined in the form of clearance fit or interference fit. In terms of structure, the contact surfaces of the two adopt a tangential fit structure with gradually changing rounded corners.

[0080] Specifically, the telescopic plate 3033 and the frame plate 3032 are plate-shaped; preferably, the plate is an arc-shaped plate.

[0081] Specifically, this implementation involves the coordinated movement of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 to achieve oil-gas separation. When the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 adjusts the tilt of the frame plate 3032 relative to the central axis of the shaft seat 301, each pair of frame plates 3032 can synchronously drive the telescopic plate 3033 between them to adjust the pitch angle. During the adjustment process, the frame plate 3032 dynamically retracts the telescopic plate 3033 back into its interior. This design allows the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 to together form a hollow conical body, the top surface of which is composed of the top surfaces of all the frame plates 3032 and the top surface of the telescopic plate 3033. The top surface of the hollow conical body is used to contact the oil mist, while the hollow internal structure of the hollow conical body is used to tumble the oil mist in a ring-shaped guiding manner. When oil mist enters the hollow conical body, it is guided and distributed into the annular structure through the coordinated movement of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033, thereby achieving the separation of oil vapor and oil body. The oil body is flung apart and drips down, while the oil vapor is discharged through the top of the hollow conical body.

[0082] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to achieve efficient oil-gas separation through the design of the frame plate 3032, the telescopic plate 3033, and the linear telescopic cylinder 3031. The annular arrangement of the frame plate 3032 ensures that the oil mist can enter the separation area evenly, while the coordinated movement and adjustment mechanism of the telescopic plate 3033 ensures effective separation of oil-gas and oil. The hollow internal structure and annular flow guide design of the hollow conical surface allow the oil mist to be effectively tumbled during the separation process, thereby increasing the separation efficiency. This design not only improves the performance of the oil-gas separation device for internal combustion engines but also helps maintain the working performance and environmental friendliness of internal combustion engines. This embodiment provides key support for the sustainable operation of internal combustion engines.

[0083] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 7 The linear telescopic cylinder 3031 is preferably a hydraulic damper, with the cylinder body and piston rod of the hydraulic damper hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat 301 and the frame plate 3032, respectively.

[0084] Please refer to this solution. Figure 7 It should be pointed out in advance that... Figure 7To ensure the neatness of the drawing, the flow pattern of oil mist within housing 1 is illustrated on the left half (arrows in the drawing), while the right half provides supplementary indications. The cross-sectional view of housing 1 is merely illustrative and does not constitute a further limitation on the internal structural features of housing 1; the internal structure of housing 1 should be defined within the scope outlined in the claims. Specifically, if the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 is a hydraulic damper, after the oil mist undergoes flow rate regulation by the mushroom-shaped disc 3021, it is further contacted by the top surface of the hollow conical body. Upon contact with the top surface of the hollow conical body, i.e., the top surface of the frame plate 3032 and the top surface of the telescopic plate 3033, the oil mist experiences a second impact, forming the second separation process (mechanical separation). Subsequently, the top surface of the hollow conical body, relative to the side wall of housing 1, is equivalent to a downward-facing annular funnel-shaped structure (area C in the drawing). When the oil mist passes through this area, it is converged and accelerated, impacting the side wall of housing 1, thus forming the third separation process. Subsequently, based on Bernoulli's principle, since the hollow conical surface has a hollow structure inside (area D in the figure), which is essentially a miniaturized hollow conical surface, as described in the third separation process, the oil mist is converged and accelerated. At this time, the windward side of the outer large hollow conical surface (area E in the figure) forms a certain angle with the output direction of the oil mist. The gas pressure in the inner small hollow conical surface is less than the gas pressure in the outer large hollow conical surface, and the oil mist is sucked into the small hollow conical surface. That is, all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 surround the bottom sidewall of the assembly, achieving tumbling (the arc-shaped dotted line in the figure). The oil droplets in the tumbling state will be flung and separated from the oil and gas, and drip down to the bottom of the cavity of the casing 1.

[0085] In this scheme, another reason for choosing a hydraulic buffer is that when the oil mist comes into contact with all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033, all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 are subjected to force and tilt downwards. At this time, the size of the above-mentioned annular funnel will be further adjusted. If the flow rate of the oil mist is greater, the annular funnel will be larger. The volume of the above-mentioned "small hollow conical surface inside" will be further compressed by all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033, further increasing the adsorption force, enhancing the tumbling effect, and increasing the oil-gas separation effect.

[0086] Specifically, regarding the "annular funnel": Please refer to area C in the diagram. When the oil mist passes through the annular funnel structure with its constricted opening facing downwards, the fluid encounters a gradually decreasing channel cross-section. According to the principle of continuous mass conservation, the fluid velocity increases as the channel cross-section decreases. Therefore, the oil mist is accelerated as it passes through the constriction, which helps to carry the oil droplets into the inner separation zone. This structure also has a separation-enhancing effect because the accelerated oil mist is more likely to contact and separate from the separation mechanism 3. The separation mechanism 3 typically relies on the principle of oil droplets contacting and being separated from their surface; a higher flow velocity increases the chance of oil droplets contacting the surface of the separation mechanism 3, further improving separation efficiency. Simultaneously, this structure also has a reverse flow resistance effect because the downward-facing constriction structure creates a reverse flow resistance. When the oil mist attempts to move upwards through the constriction, the fluid encounters resistance, increasing the probability of the oil mist converging. This helps prevent oil droplet escape and improves separation efficiency. The annular funnel structure with its constricted opening facing downwards can be considered as part of a multi-stage separation process. After passing through different stages of separation and acceleration, the oil mist is more easily and thoroughly separated and collected. This multi-stage separation helps improve separation efficiency, especially for tiny oil droplets.

[0087] Specifically, regarding the process of "oil mist being drawn into the small hollow cone": According to Bernoulli's principle, when gas flows in a pipe, the pressure decreases as the flow rate increases. In this case, the outer large hollow cone forms a large opening on its windward side, leading to an increase in gas velocity and a decrease in gas pressure. The inner small hollow cone, with its relatively small shape, results in a lower gas velocity and a relatively higher gas pressure as gas passes through it. This difference in gas pressure creates a lower-pressure region during gas flow, attracting oil mist. In summary, the oil mist is drawn into the small hollow cone due to the difference in gas velocity and pressure. The high-speed external airflow creates a lower-pressure region, attracting the oil mist. Once inside the small hollow cone, the oil mist is affected by the gas flow and its shape, causing it to tumble and eventually separate and drip to the bottom of the casing 1. This process is one of the key mechanisms for achieving efficient oil-gas separation in this technology. To verify the authenticity of this part, we can analyze the pressure change of the gas flowing through the cone using Bernoulli's equation. According to Bernoulli's equation, under steady flow conditions, the sum of the fluid's kinetic energy and pressure potential energy remains constant. Let the gas velocity in region E be v1, the oil mist velocity in region D be v2, the oil mist pressure in region E be p1, the oil mist pressure in region D be p2, and the acceleration due to gravity be g. According to Bernoulli's equation, the sum of the oil mist's kinetic energy and pressure potential energy in region E is:

[0088]

[0089] Where m is the mass of the oil mist, and h1 is the height of the oil mist inside the sleeve. Similarly, the sum of the kinetic energy and pressure potential energy of the oil mist in region D is:

[0090]

[0091] Where m is the mass of the oil mist, and h2 is the height of the oil mist within the cone. Since the "small hollow cone" in region D has a hollow structure and an open bottom, the oil mist can flow out through the bottom opening within region D. Therefore, the oil mist velocity v2 within region D will gradually decrease until it reaches the oil mist velocity v1 at region E. At this point, the sum of the kinetic energy and pressure potential energy of the oil mist within region D is:

[0092]

[0093] Since the oil mist velocity v1 in region E remains constant, the oil mist pressure p2 in region D will gradually decrease. Therefore, the oil mist pressure p2 in region D will be less than the oil mist pressure p1 in region E. Thus, according to Bernoulli's equation, when the oil mist flows out of region E, the hollow structure in region D will attract the oil mist, causing the oil mist velocity to decrease and creating a pressure difference. This allows the oil mist to be drawn into the small hollow cone.

[0094] Specifically, regarding "tumbling": According to Bernoulli's principle, when gas flows in a pipe, its pressure decreases as its velocity increases, and increases as its velocity decreases. In this case, the outer large hollow cone's windward surface forms a certain angle with the oil mist's output direction. This causes the external gas to increase its velocity as it passes through the narrowed channel, resulting in a decrease in gas pressure. Furthermore, the gas pressure inside the small hollow cone is lower because the gas follows Bernoulli's principle during acceleration, leading to a pressure drop. When the oil mist enters the hollow cone, the pressure difference attracts the oil droplets into the small hollow cone. Due to the shape of the small hollow cone and the gas velocity, the oil droplets tumble within it. These tumbling droplets are thrown off the gas by their trajectory and eventually drip to the bottom of the cavity in housing 1.

[0095] Specifically, the principle behind "further adjusting the size of the aforementioned annular funnel; if the oil mist flow rate is greater, the annular funnel will be larger, and the volume of the aforementioned internal small hollow conical surface will be further compressed by all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033, further increasing the adsorption force, enhancing the tumbling effect, and increasing the oil-gas separation effect" is as follows: When the oil mist flows through the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033, these plates will be subjected to the force of the airflow and oil mist, causing them to tilt downwards. This adjustment process is adaptive, meaning it adjusts according to the input oil mist flow rate. When the oil mist flow rate increases, the input oil mist amount also increases, resulting in enhanced airflow and oil mist forces on the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033. In this case, the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 experience greater forces and will further tilt downwards. This leads to the following effect: the tilt adjustment of the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 will further adjust the size of the aforementioned annular funnel. This is because the bottom edges of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 form the top of the annular funnel, and when they are adjusted downwards, the opening of the funnel widens. This wider opening leads to an increase in the external gas flow rate, resulting in a decrease in external gas pressure. Simultaneously, the shape of the internal small hollow cone and the influence of the gas flow rate remain, maintaining a relatively high internal gas pressure. With the increased opening of the annular funnel and the pressure difference in the internal small hollow cone, the adsorption force increases. This means more oil mist is adsorbed onto the surface of the internal small hollow cone, enhancing the separation effect between oil droplets and gas. Furthermore, the greater adsorption force also helps to retain oil droplets within the internal small hollow cone, thereby enhancing the tumbling effect and making it easier for oil droplets to separate from the gas and drip to the bottom of the casing 1. Therefore, in summary, when the oil mist flow rate increases, the pitch adjustment of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 adjusts the size of the annular funnel, thereby increasing the adsorption force and tumbling effect, further improving the efficiency and performance of oil-gas separation. This mechanism helps to address the oil and gas separation requirements under different flow conditions, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0096] Furthermore, the hydraulic damper plays a crucial role in the selection of the linear telescopic cylinder 3031. After the oil mist undergoes flow rate regulation through the mushroom-shaped disc 3021, it enters the top surface of the hollow conical body, which is composed of the top surfaces of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033. At this point, the oil mist is subjected to a second impact, forming the second separation process. Subsequently, the top surface of the hollow conical body forms a constricted, downward-facing annular funnel relative to the side wall of the housing 1, causing the oil mist to converge and accelerate, and impact the side wall of the housing 1, forming the third separation process. Most importantly, based on Bernoulli's principle, the hollow conical body has a hollow structure inside, essentially a miniaturized hollow conical body. In the third separation process, the oil mist is converged and accelerated, but the windward surface of the outer large hollow conical body forms a certain angle with the output direction of the oil mist, and the gas pressure in the inner small hollow conical body is lower than the gas pressure in the outer large hollow conical body. Therefore, the oil mist is drawn into the small hollow conical body, causing all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 to tumble around the bottom sidewall of the assembly. In this tumbling state, oil droplets are flung and separated from the oil and gas, dripping to the bottom of the cavity in the housing 1. Furthermore, when the oil mist contacts all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033, they are subjected to force, causing them to tilt downwards. This further adjusts the size of the annular funnel, making it proportional to the oil mist flow rate. Therefore, the larger the oil mist flow rate, the larger the annular funnel, further compressing the volume of the small hollow conical body, increasing the adsorption force, enhancing the tumbling effect, and thus increasing the oil-gas separation effect.

[0097] In summary, the four separation processes provided in this embodiment include the following:

[0098] (1) First separation process: The adaptive flow divider 302 adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to the flow rate of the oil mist; the larger the flow rate of the oil mist, the slower its flow rate is adaptively adjusted; and guides the oil mist to collide with the inner wall of the housing 1, forming the first separation process (mechanical separation + speed regulation); in this process, larger oil droplets will adhere to the inner wall of the housing 1 and drip to the bottom of the cavity of the housing 1. This is a mechanical separation process in which the flow rate adjustment enables larger oil droplets to be effectively separated. The main function of this separation process is to adjust the flow rate of the oil mist and gradually reduce it to ensure that the subsequent separation process is more efficient. This flow rate adjustment is an important improvement compared with the traditional fixed angle, guided separation method, because it allows the system to adapt to the oil mist separation requirements under different flow conditions. This adaptive adjustment helps to ensure that the second, third and fourth separation processes can operate under optimal conditions.

[0099] (2) Second separation process: After the oil mist passes through the mushroom-shaped plate 3021 for flow rate adjustment, the oil mist is guided and subjected to a second impact (mechanical separation) by the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033; this stage is mainly a mechanical separation process, in which the movement of the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 further separates the oil droplets. The second separation process mainly enhances the mechanical separation effect, ensuring that more oil droplets are captured and separated. It works in conjunction with the first separation process, so that even at low flow rates, oil droplets can be effectively separated.

[0100] (3) Third separation process: The oil mist is accelerated by the convergence part 103 and then impacts the side wall of the housing 1, forming the third separation process (mechanical separation + acceleration). In the third separation process, the oil mist is accelerated by the convergence part 103 and then impacts the side wall of the housing 1. This process further enhances the mechanical separation effect, allowing more oil droplets to be separated. The main function of the third separation process is to enhance the acceleration effect on the basis of mechanical separation, ensuring that the oil droplets can be separated from the oil and gas more quickly. This process works in conjunction with the first two separation processes to further improve the separation efficiency.

[0101] (4) Fourth separation process: The oil mist is drawn into the small hollow conical body, that is, all the frame plates 3032 and telescopic plates 3033 surround the bottom sidewall of the body, realizing tumbling (swinging mechanical separation + acceleration); this process is a swinging mechanical separation, in which oil droplets are thrown away from oil and gas in the tumbling state and finally drip to the bottom of the cavity of the housing 1. The main function of the fourth separation process is to effectively separate the oil droplets from the oil and gas through the tumbling separation mechanism. This process cooperates with the first three separation processes to ensure that even the tiny oil droplets in the oil mist can be separated efficiently, which is particularly suitable for small particulate oil mist.

[0102] (5) Collaborative work:

[0103] (5.1) First separation process (mechanical separation + speed regulation): The main task of this process is to adaptively adjust the flow rate according to the flow rate of the oil mist and guide the oil mist to the inner wall to form the first mechanical separation. It creates conditions for subsequent separation processes, and by slowing down the flow rate, larger oil droplets are captured and separated in the first separation process.

[0104] (5.2) Second separation process (mechanical separation): After the first separation process, the oil mist flows through the mushroom-shaped plate 3021 for further flow rate adjustment and is subjected to a second impact on the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033. This process further enhances mechanical separation and ensures that more large oil droplets are captured.

[0105] (5.3) Third Separation Process (Mechanical Separation + Acceleration): In the third separation process, the oil mist is accelerated by the converging section 103 and impacts the side wall of the casing 1 again. This process further improves the separation efficiency by accelerating the mechanical separation, ensuring that the oil droplets in the middle of the original oil mist are separated. Because when the oil mist reaches the third separation process ( Figure 7 When in zone C, the original clump of oil mist has been squeezed into strips, which can better ensure that the oil droplets in the middle of the original oil mist are separated.

[0106] (5.4) Fourth separation process (swing-type mechanical separation + acceleration):

[0107] In the final separation process, the oil mist is drawn into the small hollow cone, where the frame plate 3032 and the telescopic plate 3033 tumble around the bottom sidewall of the assembly to achieve separation. This process employs a tumbling separation mechanism to effectively throw off the remaining tiny oil droplets, ultimately separating them from the oil and gas.

[0108] In this approach, each separation step enhances the separation effect, extracting more oil droplets from the gas. This multi-stage separation method ensures highly efficient oil-gas separation, capable of handling not only large oil droplets but also effectively separating small oil mist particles. Each separation step complements and enhances the previous one, ensuring superior separation performance under varying flow rates and oil mist concentrations. Overall, this collaborative approach improves separation efficiency, making this technology particularly suitable for handling complex oil-gas mixtures.

[0109] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to achieve multi-stage separation processes and efficient oil-gas separation by selecting a hydraulic buffer as the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 and making full use of Bernoulli's principle.

[0110] (1) Multiple separation processes: Through multiple separation processes, including impact, convergence acceleration and tumbling, efficient oil and gas separation is ensured.

[0111] (2) Adaptive flow: The design of the oil pressure buffer allows the size of the annular funnel to be adaptively adjusted according to the oil mist flow rate, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0112] (3) Enhanced adsorption force: As the flow rate increases, the volume of the small hollow cone is compressed, which enhances the adsorption force and helps to separate oil and gas more thoroughly.

[0113] This implementation method, through ingenious design and application of principles, improves the performance and separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines, reduces oil mist leakage and oil waste, thereby improving the reliability and environmental friendliness of internal combustion engines.

[0114] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 3 The control box 4 is equipped with a pilot-operated relief valve 402, which is connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic damper. The extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic damper can be adjusted by controlling the adjusting handle of the pilot-operated relief valve 402.

[0115] In this design: The control box 4 contains a pilot-operated relief valve 402, which is connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic damper. By controlling the adjusting handle on the pilot-operated relief valve 402, the extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic damper can be precisely adjusted. This design allows for fine-tuning of the operating parameters of the hydraulic damper.

[0116] Specifically, this implementation involves controlling the operating threshold of the hydraulic damper to achieve more precise flow control. The pilot-operated relief valve 402 is the control element of the hydraulic damper, which adjusts the threshold of the piston rod's extension and retraction, maintaining a certain pressure in the system by controlling the flow rate of pressurized hydraulic fluid. The extension and retraction threshold of the hydraulic damper plays a crucial role when oil mist passes through the separation mechanism. By adjusting the adjusting handle on the pilot-operated relief valve 402, the cross-section of the relief valve passage can be changed, thus affecting the operation of the relief valve. This further affects the operating threshold of the hydraulic damper. If it is necessary to increase the extension and retraction threshold of the hydraulic damper, the adjusting handle can be rotated to reduce the cross-section of the relief valve passage, resulting in a higher operating threshold for the hydraulic damper. Conversely, if it is necessary to decrease the extension and retraction threshold, the cross-section of the relief valve passage can be increased by rotating the adjusting handle, thus lowering the operating threshold of the hydraulic damper.

[0117] Furthermore, the pilot-operated relief valve 402 consists of a valve body, valve core, adjusting handle, and connecting pipe. Its external form resembles a regulating valve, typically featuring a knob or handle for manual adjustment. The pilot-operated relief valve 402 operates based on fluid mechanics and pressure control principles; its primary function is to limit or regulate the flow rate and pressure of liquids (or gases) within the system.

[0118] (1) Fluid input and output: The pilot-operated relief valve 402 is usually connected to the pipeline of a hydraulic or pneumatic system, with one port for fluid input and the other port for fluid output.

[0119] (2) Valve core adjustment: The pilot-operated relief valve 402 contains a movable valve core, which can be adjusted in position according to the rotation of the manual adjustment handle or the input of an external control signal.

[0120] (3) Flow limit: When fluid enters the valve body from the inlet port, the position of the valve core determines the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the fluid can pass. By adjusting the position of the valve core, the flow rate of the fluid passing through the valve body can be controlled.

[0121] (4) Overflow protection: The pilot-operated overflow valve 402 also has an overflow protection function. When the fluid flow rate or pressure in the system exceeds the set value, the valve core will automatically adjust to limit the flow rate to prevent system overload or damage.

[0122] (5) Feedback Control: The unique feature of the pilot-operated relief valve 402 is its pilot control function. This means that the position of the valve core can be controlled by an auxiliary control signal, which can come from any one or more of the sensor group 401, such as temperature sensor, flow sensor, and velocity sensor. Through the detection of these sensors, the pilot-operated relief valve 402 can achieve intelligent control, adaptively adjusting the position of the valve core according to the physical parameter information of the system to meet the requirements of the system.

[0123] Preferably, the pilot-operated relief valve 402 is model DB10K3-40B / 315XY;

[0124] It should be noted that in this embodiment, even if the pilot-operated relief valve 402 is not used in order to control costs, the normal function of the hydraulic damper will not be affected.

[0125] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to provide precise control of the hydraulic damper to adapt to different operating conditions and flow requirements.

[0126] (1) Precise flow control: By adjusting the cross-section of the overflow valve, the extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic buffer can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving more precise flow control.

[0127] (2) Adaptability: This control system allows for adjustments based on work requirements and the model or operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. Different working conditions and requirements can be met by adjusting the lever without replacing the entire device.

[0128] (3) Performance optimization: By adjusting the working threshold of the oil pressure buffer, the performance of oil mist separation can be optimized, and the separation efficiency and energy efficiency can be improved.

[0129] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figures 6-7 The telescopic plate 3033 has a guide fin 3034 on the side facing the direction of oil mist input for guiding the oil mist downward at an angle; in the inner wall of the housing 1, an annular guide arc 104 is provided at the position above the first flange 101 for guiding the oil mist upward at an angle to the "small hollow conical body inside".

[0130] Specifically, the design principle involves the guidance and diversion of oil mist. The presence of the guide fin 3034 directs the oil mist downwards before it enters the "internal small hollow cone," while the annular guide arc 104 guides the oil mist upwards to further guide it into a tumbling state, thereby achieving separation. The downward-sloping design of the guide fin 3034 helps guide the oil mist downwards, while the annular shape of the annular guide arc 104 guides the oil mist upwards, allowing it to enter the "internal small hollow cone," i.e. Figure 7 Area D.

[0131] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to improve the guidance and diversion of oil mist in order to promote the effect of oil-gas separation.

[0132] (1) Effective flow guidance: The guide fin 3034 guides the oil mist downwards, allowing it to further contact the inner wall and assist in the implementation of the third and fourth separation processes.

[0133] (2) Annular guide: The annular guide arc 104 guides the oil mist upward and guides it into the "small hollow cone body inside" to achieve tumbling separation and form the second separation process.

[0134] (3) Stream splitting optimization: This design optimizes the stream splitting process, enhances the efficiency of oil and gas separation, and thus improves the separation performance.

[0135] In summary, regarding the related problems in conventional technologies, this specific embodiment, based on the oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines provided above, achieves solutions using the following technical means or features:

[0136] (1) Adaptive Adjustment: The present invention introduces an adaptive flow splitter 302 and a variable diameter separation component 3. The adaptive flow splitter 302 adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist by linearly adjusting the mushroom-shaped disk 3021 according to the flow rate of the oil mist. This means that the greater the flow rate of the oil mist, the slower the flow rate is adaptively adjusted. This adaptive adjustment can cope with changes in oil mist flow rate under different operating conditions and improves the separation efficiency.

[0137] (2) Multi-stage separation process: The technology of this invention achieves oil-gas separation through a multi-stage separation process. This multi-stage separation process improves the separation efficiency, especially for the separation of small oil mist particles.

[0138] (3) Enhanced effect of adaptive adjustment: When the oil mist flow rate increases, the spacing of the adaptive diversion components 302 increases, and the flow rate of the oil mist is adaptively adjusted to be slower. This not only helps the adhesion effect of the first separation process, but also affects the second and third separation processes. The residence time of the oil mist in these processes increases, and the separation effect is further improved.

[0139] In this scheme, all hydraulic components of the device are powered by an external hydraulic oil tank and its oil pump. Specifically, the hydraulic components of the device are pneumatically connected to the oil pump output port of the hydraulic oil tank through devices such as solenoid valves, directional valves and pipes.

[0140] Preferably, the drive synchronization of the aforementioned hydraulic components is controlled by a controller within the control box 4.

[0141] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the housing 1 has a conical structure to help the collected oil droplets fall and be discharged at the second flange 102.

[0142] The embodiments described above merely illustrate implementation methods for relevant practical applications of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0143] Example 2

[0144] To make the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will now be described in detail using examples. The present invention can be implemented in many ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below.

[0145] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 is a servo electric cylinder, with its cylinder body and piston rod hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat 301 and the frame plate 3032, respectively. If a servo electric cylinder is selected for the linear telescopic cylinder 3031, its principle is the same as the hydraulic damper in Embodiment 1, but the servo electric cylinder can be manually controlled by the operator. Although it cannot achieve adaptive adjustment of the oil mist flow adsorption force in the hydraulic damper mode, it can meet more human-machine interaction needs.

[0146] Specifically, the principle of the servo electric cylinder is similar to that of the previous hydraulic damper; it is also used to control the extension and retraction force threshold of the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 to affect the oil mist separation process. However, the difference is that the servo electric cylinder can be manually controlled by the operator. The operator can adjust the extension and retraction degree of the cylinder by manipulating the control device of the servo electric cylinder, thereby affecting the separation effect.

[0147] It is understandable that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to provide more human-machine interaction options, enabling operators to manually control the operation of the oil mist separator according to actual conditions. Although it cannot achieve adaptive adjustment of the adsorption force of the oil mist flow rate in the oil pressure buffer mode, it has the following functions:

[0148] (1) Manual control: The servo electric cylinder allows the operator to manually control the oil mist separator to make real-time adjustments according to work requirements. This is very useful for applications that require frequent changes in working conditions.

[0149] (2) Human-computer interaction: This implementation supports more human-computer interaction needs, enabling operators to decide the working status of the separation device according to the actual situation, thereby improving the flexibility and customizability of operation.

[0150] While losing the adaptive adjustment capability of the hydraulic damper, the servo electric cylinder achieves stronger human-machine interaction, allowing for manual control based on operator needs and adapting to different working conditions and modes. This implementation is more suitable for applications requiring frequent adjustments.

[0151] Please refer to the following specific embodiments in this application. Figure 3 The control box 4 contains a sensor group 401 consisting of a temperature sensor, a flow sensor, and a velocity sensor. The detection end of the sensor group 401 is inserted into the inner wall of the housing 1. The sensor group 401 is used to detect the physical parameters of the oil mist. Based on this, the operator can control the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 in the form of a servo electric cylinder to perform the second, third, and tumbling oil-gas separation processes.

[0152] Specifically, the sensor group 401 monitors the physical parameters of the oil mist, such as temperature, flow rate, and velocity. The temperature sensor measures the temperature of the oil mist, the flow rate sensor measures the flow rate, and the velocity sensor measures the velocity. Feedback from these sensors is used to control the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 (in the form of a servo electric cylinder) based on the current state of the oil mist.

[0153] It is understood that in this embodiment, the function of this implementation is to provide real-time oil mist parameter monitoring and feedback, enabling operators to control the oil-gas separation process independently based on the actual situation of the oil mist.

[0154] (1) Real-time monitoring: Sensor group 401 monitors the physical parameters of oil mist such as temperature, flow rate and velocity in real time, and provides accurate feedback information.

[0155] (2) Autonomous control: Based on the feedback information from the sensor, the staff can control the linear telescopic cylinder 3031 in the form of a servo electric cylinder to adjust the parameters in the separation process, such as impact force and convergence speed.

[0156] (3) Adaptability: This design enhances the system’s adaptability, enabling it to meet the separation requirements under different oil mist properties and working conditions, thereby improving separation efficiency and performance.

[0157] In this scheme, all electrical components of the device are powered by mains electricity. Specifically, the electrical components of the device are conventionally electrically connected to the mains output port through relays, transformers, and push-button panels to meet the power supply needs of all electrical components of the device.

[0158] Specifically, an external controller is also provided for this device. This controller is used to connect and control all electrical components of the device to drive according to the preset program as preset values ​​and drive modes. It should be noted that the above drive modes correspond to the output parameters such as start-stop time interval, speed, and power between the relevant electrical components mentioned below, which meets the requirements of the relevant electrical components driving the relevant mechanical devices to operate according to their described functions.

[0159] The embodiments described above merely illustrate implementation methods for relevant practical applications of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An oil-gas separator for an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (1) with a cavity, characterized in that: The casing (1) has a flow section on its wall for allowing oil mist to flow into the casing (1) and for outputting oil vapor and oil body to the casing (1); The housing (1) is equipped with a separation mechanism (3) for oil-gas separation. The separation mechanism (3) includes an adaptive flow splitter (302) and a variable diameter separation component (303). When oil mist enters the housing (1), it contacts the adaptive flow splitter (302) and the variable diameter separation component (303) in sequence. The adaptive diversion component (302) adaptively adjusts the flow rate of the oil mist according to the flow rate of the oil mist, and guides the oil mist to hit the inner wall of the housing (1); The variable diameter separation component (303) is used to contact the oil mist head-on, and adaptively adjusts the angle of attack according to the flow rate and flow volume of the oil mist, and performs a rolling action of the oil mist in the form of annular guiding flow to achieve the separation of oil gas and oil body; The separation mechanism (3) includes a shaft seat (301), and the adaptive flow splitting component (302) and the variable diameter separation component (303) are respectively installed above and below the shaft seat (301); The adaptive flow splitter assembly (302) includes a mushroom-shaped disc (3021) that is vertically slidably fitted to the machine shaft seat (301). The mushroom-shaped disc (3021) establishes an elastic force storage relationship with the machine shaft seat (301) through a spring element (3022). The top of the housing (1) has a through hole, which is connected to an oil-gas mixer (2) for collecting oil mist. The oil mist is input into the cavity through the top of the housing (1), and the mushroom-shaped plate (3021) is located below the through hole. The through hole is provided with a converging part (103), which gradually expands from top to bottom; The variable diameter separation assembly (303) includes a frame plate (3032) that is uniformly hinged to the machine shaft seat (301) in a ring array. The cylinder body and piston rod of the linear telescopic cylinder (3031) are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat (301) and the frame plate (3032); A telescopic plate (3033) is slidably fitted between each pair of adjacent frame plates (3032); All the frame plates (3032) and the telescopic plates (3033) together surround the machine shaft seat (301) to form a hollow conical body. The top surface of the hollow conical body contacts the oil mist, and the internal hollow structure of the hollow conical body is used to perform a rolling operation of the oil mist in the form of annular flow.

2. The oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control box (4) is installed outside the housing (1), and the control box (4) is used to control the variable diameter separation assembly (303). The flow section includes a first flange (101) and a second flange (102) communicating with the interior of the housing (1); The first flange (101) is located above the second flange (102) and below the variable diameter separation assembly (303) for outputting oil and gas; The second flange (102) is installed at the bottom of the housing (1) for outputting oil.

3. The oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear telescopic cylinder (3031) is a hydraulic damper, and the cylinder body and piston rod of the hydraulic damper are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat (301) and the frame plate (3032).

4. The oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control box (4) is equipped with a pilot-operated relief valve (402), which is connected to the cylinder of the hydraulic damper. The extension and retraction force threshold of the hydraulic damper can be adjusted by controlling the adjusting handle of the pilot-operated relief valve (402).

5. The oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear telescopic cylinder (3031) is a servo electric cylinder, and the cylinder body and piston rod of the servo electric cylinder are respectively hinged to the middle of the machine shaft seat (301) and the frame plate (3032).

6. The oil-gas separator for internal combustion engines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control box (4) is equipped with a sensor group (401) consisting of a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and a flow velocity sensor. The detection end of the sensor group (401) is inserted into the inner wall of the housing (1). The sensor group (401) is used to detect oil mist.

7. The oil-gas separator for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The telescopic plate (3033) has a guide fin (3034) on the side facing the oil mist input direction for guiding the oil mist in an inclined downward direction. An annular guide arc (104) is provided in the inner wall of the housing (1) to guide the oil mist upwards at an angle.

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