A rotary air preheater real-time ash removal device and method

Abstract

The application provides a rotary air preheater real-time ash removal device and method, which comprises first driving mechanisms installed on the upper and lower parts of the two side walls of a cold end chamber, the first driving mechanisms being used to cause the relative displacement between the heat storage element corrugated plate and the heat storage element positioning plate in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber; each of the two first driving mechanisms on the upper part is provided with a second driving mechanism, the second driving mechanism being used to adjust the distance of the upper end opening of the heat storage element corrugated plate and the heat storage element positioning plate; the first and second driving mechanisms are respectively electrically connected with a control system, the control system collects sensor data in real time to determine the ash deposition degree, and then sends a signal to the driving mechanism to realize the movement of the heat storage element plate. The application changes the position relationship of the heat storage element corrugated plate and the heat storage element positioning plate after the ash deposition in the channel of the heat storage element corrugated plate and the heat storage element positioning plate, so that the real-time cleaning of the cold end ash deposition of the rotary air preheater is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ash removal technology for rotary air preheaters, and more specifically to a real-time ash removal device and method for rotary air preheaters. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary air preheaters play a crucial role in thermal power plants, but due to their unique working environment and operating principle, they are prone to ash accumulation. This is mainly due to factors such as ash in the fuel, dust and particulate matter in the flue gas, and chemical reactions at specific temperatures. As these dust and particulate matter pass through the rotary air preheater, they deposit on the surface of the heat storage element plates, gradually forming ash buildup. Ash accumulation in the air preheater not only increases flow resistance on both the flue gas and air sides but also reduces the overall heat exchange efficiency of the rotary air preheater, increases exhaust gas temperature, and, in severe cases, may even lead to boiler load limits or shutdowns, cause wind pressure fluctuations, and trigger fan surges or stalls.

[0003] Invention patent CN112710004A discloses a system and method for preventing ammonium bisulfate ash accumulation and blockage in rotary air preheaters. Its working principle involves arranging a flue gas booster fan and a flue gas heater at the SCR outlet flue, thereby increasing the flue gas temperature at the air preheater outlet and preventing ammonium bisulfate ash accumulation and blockage. However, the addition of the flue gas booster fan and flue gas heater not only significantly increases the operating costs of thermal power plants, but also reduces the heat transfer efficiency of the rotary air preheater due to the increased flue gas outlet temperature.

[0004] Invention patent CN113339836A discloses a purging device for the heat storage element of a rotary air preheater. The main principle is to arrange a compressed air storage tank and heating device at the lower end of the rotary air preheater, and then use heated compressed air to purge the lower heat storage element, thereby removing accumulated dust. However, this method of dust removal inevitably increases the air leakage rate at the bottom of the rotary air preheater and causes dust particles to be blown out from the upper end of the rotary air preheater with the primary and secondary air. Furthermore, the presence of this device will affect the normal operation of the rotary air preheater.

[0005] Currently, although various solutions have been proposed to address the problem of ash accumulation in rotary air preheaters, it is difficult to handle the ash accumulation problem in real time without increasing costs or changing the air leakage rate, and to ensure the heat transfer efficiency of the rotary air preheater under normal operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a real-time ash removal device and method for a rotary air preheater are provided.

[0007] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0008] A real-time ash removal device for a rotary air preheater includes multiple corrugated plates and positioning plates for heat storage elements, which are located in the cold end chamber of the rotary air preheater and are stacked alternately along the radial direction of the cold end chamber. The corrugated plates and positioning plates for heat storage elements are vertically arranged.

[0009] The upper and lower parts of the two side walls of the cold end compartment are respectively equipped with a first drive mechanism. The two first drive mechanisms located on one side wall of the cold end compartment are respectively connected to the upper and lower parts of all the heat storage element corrugated plates. The two first drive mechanisms located on the other side wall of the cold end compartment are respectively connected to the upper and lower parts of all the heat storage element positioning plates. The first drive mechanism is used to drive the heat storage element corrugated plate or the heat storage element positioning plate to move in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end compartment, so that the heat storage element corrugated plate and the heat storage element positioning plate are relatively displaced in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end compartment.

[0010] Each of the two first drive mechanisms located at the top has a second drive mechanism. The second drive mechanism is used to drive the upper end of the corrugated plate of the heat storage element or the positioning plate of the heat storage element to move in the radial direction, and adjust the distance between the upper openings of the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element.

[0011] A first speed sensor is arranged at the upper opening between at least two adjacent corrugated plates of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element; a pressure sensor and a second speed sensor are arranged at the lower opening between at least two adjacent corrugated plates of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element; the first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, and the pressure sensor are used to monitor the degree of dust accumulation between two adjacent corrugated plates of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element.

[0012] The first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, the pressure sensor, the first drive mechanism, and the second drive mechanism are electrically connected to the control system.

[0013] Preferably, the rotary air preheater includes multiple rotor chambers located between the upper and lower sector plates. The multiple rotor chambers are all sector-shaped and are spliced ​​together to form a circle. The inner ends of the multiple rotor chambers are connected to a vertically arranged rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is used to drive the rotor chambers to rotate. The upper part of the rotor chamber is the hot end chamber, and the lower part is the cold end chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes: a servo motor, a guide rail, a lead screw, a slider, a first rectangular rod, a plate groove, a fixing block, and a base;

[0015] The base is fixed to the cold end chamber. The servo motor, the guide rail, and the lead screw are fixed to the base. The guide rail extends radially perpendicular to the cold end chamber. The lead screw is connected to the servo motor, and the output end of the lead screw is connected to the slider. The slider is slidably connected to the guide rail. The slider is fixedly connected to the middle of the first rectangular rod. The first rectangular rod extends radially along the cold end chamber. A plurality of fixing blocks are connected to the first rectangular rod, and the fixing blocks are fixed with slots for clamping the corrugated plate of the heat storage element or the positioning plate of the heat storage element. The servo motor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0016] Preferably, the second drive mechanism includes: a plurality of ball rods, a second rectangular rod, a plurality of inclined hinge rods, and an electric cylinder;

[0017] The electric cylinder is vertically arranged and fixed on the slider. The output end is downward and connected to the middle of the second rectangular rod. The fixed block is connected to the first rectangular rod through the ball rod. The ball rod and the fixed block are ball-jointed. The tops of the multiple fixed blocks on both sides are respectively hinged to the inclined hinge rod. The top of the inclined hinge rod is hinged to the second rectangular rod. The multiple inclined hinge rods on both sides are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the second rectangular rod. The inclination angle of the multiple inclined hinge rods gradually increases from the middle to the sides.

[0018] The electric cylinder is electrically connected to the control system.

[0019] This invention also discloses a real-time ash removal method for a rotary air preheater, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Collection of sensor data in the initial state:

[0021] During the initial normal operation of the rotary air preheater, the control system collects gas flow rate data V1 obtained by the first speed sensor, gas flow rate data V2 obtained by the second speed sensor, and pressure data P1 obtained by the pressure sensor.

[0022] Step 2: Setting the flow rate difference and pressure difference, and real-time data monitoring during the ash accumulation process:

[0023] Step 2.1: The control system 9 determines the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element by setting the flow rate difference between the first speed sensor and the second speed sensor, and the pressure difference of the pressure sensor. The set flow rate difference and pressure difference represent that the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element is moderate, and the set flow rate difference and pressure difference of 0.8 times represent that the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element is mild.

[0024] Step 2.2 The control system monitors in real time the gas flow rate data V3 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate V4 obtained by the second speed sensor, and the pressure data P2 obtained by the pressure sensor;

[0025] Step 3: The control system controls the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism to remove ash.

[0026] Step 3.1, First Stage Ash Removal: When any one of ΔV1, ΔV2, and ΔP1 is greater than the set gas velocity difference and pressure difference, when the cold end chamber rotates into the flue gas side, the control system activates the first drive mechanism, causing relative displacement between the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber. This pushes the dust particles attached between the corrugated plate and the positioning plate of the heat storage element, and the dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber under the influence of tangential force and gas velocity, where ΔV1=V3-V1, ΔV2=V4-V2, and ΔP1=P2-P1. When the cold end chamber rotates into the primary air side, the first stage ash removal is completed, and the control system controls the first drive mechanism to restore the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element to their initial state.

[0027] Step 3.2, First stage judgment of ash removal degree:

[0028] The control system monitors the gas flow rate data V5 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate V6 obtained by the second speed sensor, and the pressure data P3 obtained by the pressure sensor when the first stage of ash removal is completed.

[0029] When ΔV3, ΔV4, and ΔP2 are all less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, where ΔV3 = V5 - V1, ΔV4 = V6 - V2, and ΔP2 = P3 - P1.

[0030] If any of ΔV3, ΔV4, or ΔP2 is still greater than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, proceed to step 3.3.

[0031] Step 3.3, Second stage of ash removal:

[0032] When the cold end chamber rotates into the flue gas side, the control system controls the second drive mechanism to work, increasing the distance between the upper openings of the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element. At this time, the dust particles are affected by gravity, high-velocity flue gas and increased pressure, and the dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber with the flue gas. When the cold end chamber rotates into the primary air side, the second stage of ash removal is completed, and the second drive mechanism restores the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element to their initial state.

[0033] Step 3.4, Second stage judgment of ash removal degree

[0034] The control system monitors the gas flow rate data V6 obtained by the first velocity sensor, the gas flow rate V7 obtained by the second velocity sensor, and the pressure data P4 obtained by the pressure sensor when the second stage of ash removal is completed.

[0035] When all three of ΔV5, ΔV6, and ΔP3 are less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, where ΔV5 = V7 - V1, ΔV6 = V8 - V2, and ΔP3 = P4 - P1.

[0036] If any one of ΔV5, ΔV6, or ΔP3 is still greater than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, then return to step 3.1 until ΔV5, ΔV6, and ΔP3 are all less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, and then stop ash removal.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] This invention discloses a real-time ash removal device and method for a rotary air preheater. By incorporating sensors, a drive device, and a control system, it can monitor and clean the accumulated ash inside the heat storage elements (corrugated plates and positioning plates) of the cold-end compartment of the rotary air preheater in real time. Compared to traditional methods of shutting down the unit to clean accumulated ash and using additional heating devices and booster fans, this invention not only saves significant financial and material resources but also saves considerable time.

[0039] In this invention, the drive device, speed and pressure sensors are all arranged along the rotor compartment and connected to the control system. Since the devices are relatively small, they will not affect the air leakage rate of the rotary air preheater or change the overall heat transfer efficiency of the rotary air preheater.

[0040] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely promoted in fields such as rotary air preheaters. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall compartment structure of the rotary air preheater of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cold end compartment of the present invention (the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism are removed, and only a heat storage element corrugated plate and a heat storage element positioning plate are retained).

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation orientation of the sensor of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first drive mechanism located at the bottom of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second drive mechanisms located at the top of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a front view of the second drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical rod connection of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first stage of ash removal in this invention.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage of ash removal in this invention.

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the changes in the ash removal and heat storage element plate in the second stage of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0053] In the diagram: 1. Sector plate; 2. Rotor chamber; 21. Hot end chamber; 22. Cold end chamber; 3. Rotor shaft; 4. Corrugated plate of heat storage element; 5. Positioning plate of heat storage element; 6. First speed sensor; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Second speed sensor; 9. Control system; 10. First drive mechanism; 101. Servo motor; 102. Guide rail; 103. Lead screw; 104. Slider; 105. First rectangular rod; 106. Plate groove; 107. Fixing block; 108. Base; 11. Second drive mechanism; 111. Electric cylinder; 112. Inclined hinge rod; 113. Second rectangular rod; 114. Ball rod. Detailed Implementation

[0054] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0059] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0060] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figures 1-11 As shown, a real-time ash removal device for a rotary air preheater is disclosed. The structure of the rotary air preheater is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a sector plate 1, multiple rotor chambers 2, and a rotor shaft 3. The sector plate 1 includes an upper sector plate and a lower sector plate. The multiple rotor chambers 2 are located between the upper and lower sector plates. The multiple rotor chambers 2 are all sector-shaped and spliced ​​into a circle (with gaps at the splicing points). The inner ends of the multiple rotor chambers 2 are connected to the vertically arranged rotor shaft 3. The rotor shaft is connected to other drive mechanisms (which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail) to drive the rotor chambers 2 to rotate. The upper part of the rotor chamber 2 is a hot end chamber 21, and the lower part is a cold end chamber 22.

[0063] The ash removal device includes multiple corrugated plates 4 and heat storage element positioning plates 5, located in the cold end compartment 22 of the rotary air preheater and stacked alternately along the radial direction of the cold end compartment 22. The corrugated plates 4 and the positioning plates 5 are vertically arranged (e.g., Figure 2 (as shown)

[0064] First drive mechanisms 10 are respectively installed on the upper and lower parts of the two side walls of the cold end compartment 22. The two first drive mechanisms 10 located on one side wall of the cold end compartment 22 are respectively connected to the upper and lower parts of all the heat storage element corrugated plates 4. The two first drive mechanisms 10 located on the other side wall of the cold end compartment 22 are respectively connected to the upper and lower parts of all the heat storage element positioning plates 5. The first drive mechanism 10 is used to drive the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 or the heat storage element positioning plate 5 to move in a radial direction perpendicular to the cold end compartment 22, so that the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 and the heat storage element positioning plate 5 are relatively displaced in a radial direction perpendicular to the cold end compartment 22.

[0065] The choice of the first driving mechanism is quite diverse. For example, it can be achieved by using multiple electric push rods, hydraulic cylinders, or pneumatic cylinders to directly push the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element or the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element. The method adopted in this invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown: The first drive mechanism 10 includes: a servo motor 101, a guide rail 102, a lead screw 103, a slider 104, a first rectangular rod 105, a plate groove 106, a fixing block 107, and a base 108;

[0066] The base 108 is fixed to the cold end chamber 22. The servo motor 101, guide rail 102, and lead screw 103 are fixed to the base 108. The guide rail 102 extends radially perpendicular to the cold end chamber 22. The lead screw 103 is connected to the servo motor 101, and the output end of the lead screw 103 is connected to the slider 104. The slider 104 is slidably connected to the guide rail 102. The slider 104 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the first rectangular rod 105. The first rectangular rod 105 extends radially along the cold end chamber 22. A plurality of fixing blocks 107 are connected to the first rectangular rod 105, and the fixing blocks 107 are fixed with a plate groove 106 for clamping the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element or the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element. The servo motor 101 is electrically connected to the control system 9. The control system 9 sends a signal to make the servo motor 101 work, and then the slider 104 drives the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 or the heat storage element positioning plate 5 to move towards or away from each other. The direction of movement is perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber 22, so that the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 and the heat storage element positioning plate 5 are misaligned.

[0067] The two first drive mechanisms 10 located at the top are respectively provided with second drive mechanisms 11. The second drive mechanisms 11 are used to drive the upper end of the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 or the heat storage element positioning plate 5 to move in the radial direction, and adjust the distance between the upper openings of the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 and the heat storage element positioning plate 5.

[0068] In order to reduce the structural size of the first drive mechanism 10 and the second drive mechanism 11, the present invention chooses to directly install the second drive mechanism 11 on the first drive mechanism 10. The structure of the second drive mechanism 11 includes: multiple ball rods 114, a second rectangular rod 113, multiple inclined hinge rods 112, and an electric cylinder 111.

[0069] The electric cylinder 111 is vertically arranged and fixed on the slider 104. The output end is set downward and connected to the middle of the second rectangular rod 113. The fixed block 107 is connected to the first rectangular rod 105 by the ball rod 114. The ball rod 114 and the fixed block 107 are ball-jointed. The tops of the multiple fixed blocks 107 on both sides are respectively hinged to the inclined hinge rod 112. The top of the inclined hinge rod 112 is hinged to the second rectangular rod 113. The multiple inclined hinge rods 112 on both sides are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the second rectangular rod 113, and the inclination angle of the multiple inclined hinge rods 112 gradually increases from the middle to the sides.

[0070] The electric cylinder 111 is electrically connected to the control system 9.

[0071] A first speed sensor 6 is arranged at the upper opening between at least two adjacent corrugated plates 4 and positioning plates 5 of the heat storage elements; a pressure sensor 7 and a second speed sensor 8 are arranged at the lower opening between at least two adjacent corrugated plates 4 and positioning plates 5 of the heat storage elements; the first speed sensor 6, the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure sensor 7 are used to monitor the degree of dust accumulation between two adjacent corrugated plates 4 and positioning plates 5 of the heat storage elements; in this embodiment, there are five of each of the first speed sensor 6, the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure sensor 7, and their installation positions are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. They are located at positions A, B, C, D, and E in the cold end compartment 22.

[0072] The first speed sensor 6, the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure sensor 7 are electrically connected to the control system 9.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention also discloses a real-time ash removal method for a rotary air preheater, which includes the following steps after the ash removal device is installed:

[0075] Step 1: Collection of sensor data in the initial state:

[0076] During the initial normal operation of the rotary air preheater, the control system 9 collects the gas flow rate data V1 (V1 is the average value of the five first speed sensors 6, and the data obtained by the sensors below are all average values) acquired by the first speed sensor 6, the gas flow rate data V2 acquired by the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure data P1 acquired by the pressure sensor 7.

[0077] Step 2: Setting the flow rate difference and pressure difference, and real-time data monitoring during the ash accumulation process:

[0078] Step 2.1: The control system 9 determines the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element and the positioning plate 5 by setting the flow rate difference between the first speed sensor 6 and the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure difference between the pressure sensor 7. The set flow rate difference and pressure difference represent that the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element and the positioning plate 5 is moderate, and the set flow rate difference and pressure difference of 0.8 times represent that the degree of dust accumulation between the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element and the positioning plate 5 is slight.

[0079] Step 2.2 The control system 9 monitors in real time the gas flow rate data V3 obtained by the first speed sensor 6, the gas flow rate V4 obtained by the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure data P2 obtained by the pressure sensor 7;

[0080] Step 3: The control system 9 controls the first drive mechanism 10 and the second drive mechanism 11 to remove ash.

[0081] Step 3.1, First Stage Ash Removal: When any one of ΔV1, ΔV2, or ΔP1 is greater than the set gas velocity difference and pressure difference, as the cold end chamber 22 rotates into the flue gas side, the control system 9 activates the servo motor of the first drive mechanism 10, causing a relative displacement between the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element and the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element in a radial direction perpendicular to the cold end chamber 22, with a displacement of 1 / 2. d The longitudinal spacing between the channel units (corrugated sections) of the heat storage element corrugated plate 4 and the heat storage element positioning plate 5 is... h The horizontal spacing is d (like Figure 8 (As shown) 。 Subsequently, the dust particles attached between the corrugated plate 4 and the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element are pushed away. The dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber 22 under the influence of tangential force and gas flow velocity, where ΔV1=V3-V1, ΔV2=V4-V2, and ΔP1=P2-P1. When the cold end chamber 22 rotates into the primary air side, the first stage of dust removal is completed, and the control system 9 controls the first drive mechanism 10 to restore the corrugated plate 4 and the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element to their initial state.

[0082] Step 3.2, First stage judgment of ash removal degree:

[0083] The control system 9 monitors the gas flow rate data V5 obtained by the first speed sensor 6, the gas flow rate V6 obtained by the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure data P3 obtained by the pressure sensor 7 when the first stage of ash removal is completed.

[0084] When ΔV3, ΔV4, and ΔP2 are all less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, where ΔV3 = V5 - V1, ΔV4 = V6 - V2, and ΔP2 = P3 - P1.

[0085] If any of ΔV3, ΔV4, or ΔP2 is still greater than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, proceed to step 3.3.

[0086] Step 3.3, Second stage of ash removal:

[0087] When the cold end chamber 22 rotates into the flue gas side, the control system 9 controls the second drive mechanism 11 to work, the electric cylinder 111 presses down, and the tilting hinge 112 causes the fixing block 107, the plate groove 106 fixed by the fixing block, and the corrugated plate 4 or the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element clamped in the plate groove 106 to move radially, so that the distance between the upper openings of the corrugated plate 4 and the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element is reduced from... h Increase to h 1 (e.g.) Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown), the distance between the heat storage element positioning plate 5 near the rotor shaft 3 and the rotor shaft 3 is... l Shrink to l 1. The distance between the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element near the outer end of the cold end chamber and the outer end of the cold end chamber also decreases. At this time, the dust particles are affected by gravity, high-velocity flue gas and increased pressure. The dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber 22 with the flue gas. When the cold end chamber 22 rotates into the primary air side, the second stage of dust removal is completed. The second drive mechanism 11 restores the corrugated plate 4 of the heat storage element and the positioning plate 5 of the heat storage element to their initial state.

[0088] Step 3.4, Second stage judgment of ash removal degree

[0089] The control system 9 monitors the gas flow rate data V6 obtained by the first speed sensor 6, the gas flow rate V7 obtained by the second speed sensor 8, and the pressure data P4 obtained by the pressure sensor 7 when the second stage of ash removal is completed.

[0090] When all three of ΔV5, ΔV6, and ΔP3 are less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, where ΔV5 = V7 - V1, ΔV6 = V8 - V2, and ΔP3 = P4 - P1.

[0091] If any one of ΔV5, ΔV6, or ΔP3 is still greater than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, then return to step 3.1 until ΔV5, ΔV6, and ΔP3 are all less than 0.8 times the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, and then stop ash removal.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary air preheater real-time ash removal device, characterized in that, The rotary air preheater comprises a plurality of heat storage element corrugated plates and heat storage element positioning plates which are arranged in the cold end chamber of the rotary air preheater and are staggered and stacked along the radial direction of the cold end chamber, and the heat storage element corrugated plates and the heat storage element positioning plates are vertically arranged. The upper part and the lower part of the two side walls of the cold end chamber are respectively provided with a first driving mechanism, the two first driving mechanisms arranged on one side wall of the cold end chamber are respectively connected with the upper part and the lower part of all the heat storage element corrugated plates, and the two first driving mechanisms arranged on the other side wall of the cold end chamber are respectively connected with the upper part and the lower part of all the heat storage element positioning plates, and the first driving mechanisms are used to drive the heat storage element corrugated plates or the heat storage element positioning plates to move along the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber, so that the heat storage element corrugated plates and the heat storage element positioning plates are relatively displaced in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber. The second driving mechanism is arranged on the two first driving mechanisms arranged on the upper part, and is used to drive the upper end of the heat storage element corrugated plates or the heat storage element positioning plates to move in the radial direction, so as to adjust the distance of the upper end openings of the heat storage element corrugated plates and the heat storage element positioning plates. The first speed sensor is arranged at the upper end opening between at least two adjacent heat storage element corrugated plates and heat storage element positioning plates, and the pressure sensor and the second speed sensor are arranged at the lower end opening between at least two adjacent heat storage element corrugated plates and heat storage element positioning plates, and the first speed sensor, the second speed sensor and the pressure sensor are used to monitor the degree of dust accumulation between the adjacent heat storage element corrugated plates and the heat storage element positioning plates. The first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, the pressure sensor, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are electrically connected with the control system.

2. A real-time ash removal device for a rotary air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary air preheater comprises a plurality of rotor chambers which are arranged between the upper fan-shaped plates and the lower fan-shaped plates, the plurality of rotor chambers are fan-shaped and are spliced into a circular shape, the inner ends of the plurality of rotor chambers are connected with a vertical rotor shaft, the rotor shaft is used to drive the rotor chambers to rotate, the upper part of the rotor chamber is a hot end chamber, and the lower part of the rotor chamber is the cold end chamber.

3. A real-time ash removal device for a rotary air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driving mechanism comprises a servo motor, a guide rail, a lead screw, a sliding block, a first rectangular rod, a plate groove, a fixing block and a base. The base is fixed to the cold end chamber, the servo motor, the guide rail and the lead screw are fixed to the base, the guide rail extends along the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber, the lead screw is connected with the servo motor, the output end of the lead screw is connected with the sliding block, the sliding block is slidingly connected with the guide rail, the sliding block is fixedly connected with the middle part of the first rectangular rod, the first rectangular rod extends along the radial direction of the cold end chamber, a plurality of fixing blocks are connected with the first rectangular rod, the plate grooves for clamping the heat storage element corrugated plates or the heat storage element positioning plates are fixed to the fixing blocks, and the servo motor is electrically connected with the control system.

4. A real-time ash removal device for a rotary air preheater according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second driving mechanism comprises a plurality of spherical rods, a second rectangular rod, a plurality of inclined hinge rods and an electric cylinder; The electric cylinder is vertically arranged and fixed to the sliding block, and the output end is downwardly arranged and connected with the middle part of the second rectangular rod; the fixed blocks are connected with the first rectangular rod through the spherical rods, the spherical rods are hingedly connected with the fixed blocks, the top parts of the fixed blocks on both sides are respectively hingedly connected with the inclined hinge rods, the top parts of the inclined hinge rods are hingedly connected with the second rectangular rod, the inclined hinge rods on both sides are symmetrically arranged at the middle part of the second rectangular rod, and the inclination angles of the inclined hinge rods gradually increase from the middle part to both sides; The electric cylinder is electrically connected with the control system.

5. A method for real-time soot removal in a rotary air preheater, characterized by, The method is based on the real-time ash removal device of the rotary air preheater according to any one of claims 1-4, and comprises the following steps: Step 1, collection of sensor data in the initial state: During the initial normal operation of the rotary air preheater, the control system collects the gas flow rate data V1 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate data V2 obtained by the second speed sensor and the pressure data P1 obtained by the pressure sensor; Step 2, setting of the flow rate difference and the pressure difference and real-time data monitoring during the ash deposition process: Step 2.1, the control system determines the ash deposition degree between the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate by setting the flow rate difference of the first speed sensor and the second speed sensor and the pressure difference of the pressure sensor; the set flow rate difference and pressure difference represent that the ash deposition degree between the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate is moderate, and the set 0.8 times flow rate difference and pressure difference represent that the ash deposition degree between the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate is slight; Step 2.2, the control system monitors the gas flow rate data V3 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate V4 obtained by the second speed sensor and the pressure data P2 obtained by the pressure sensor in real time; Step 3, the control system controls the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism to remove ash: Step 3.1, first-stage ash removal: when any one of ΔV1, ΔV2 and ΔP1 is greater than the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, the control system makes the first driving mechanism work when the cold end chamber rotates into the flue gas side, so that the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate are relatively displaced in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cold end chamber, and then the dust particles attached to the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate are pushed away, and the dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber under the influence of the tangential force and the gas flow rate, wherein ΔV1=V3-V1, ΔV2=V4-V2 and ΔP1=P2-P1; when the cold end chamber rotates into the primary air side, the first-stage ash removal is completed, and the control system controls the first driving mechanism to restore the initial state of the regenerative element corrugated plate and the regenerative element positioning plate; Step 3.2, first-stage judgment of the ash removal degree: The control system monitors the gas flow rate data V5 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate V6 obtained by the second speed sensor and the pressure data P3 obtained by the pressure sensor in the first stage of ash removal completion state; When ΔV3, ΔV4 and ΔP2 are all less than 0.8 times of the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, wherein ΔV3=V5-V1, ΔV4=V6-V2 and ΔP2=P3-P1; When any one of ΔV3, ΔV4 and ΔP2 is still greater than 0.8 times of the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, step 3.3 is executed; Step 3.3, second stage of ash removal: When the cold end chamber rotates into the flue gas side, the control system controls the second driving mechanism to work, so that the distance between the upper opening of the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element is increased. At this time, the dust particles are affected by gravity, high flow rate flue gas and increased pressure, and the dust particles are blown out from the bottom of the cold end chamber with the flue gas. When the cold end chamber rotates into the primary air side, the second stage of ash removal is completed, and the second driving mechanism makes the corrugated plate of the heat storage element and the positioning plate of the heat storage element return to the initial state; Step 3.4, second stage of ash removal degree judgment The control system monitors the gas flow rate data V6 obtained by the first speed sensor, the gas flow rate V7 obtained by the second speed sensor and the pressure data P4 obtained by the pressure sensor in the second stage of ash removal completion state; When ΔV5, ΔV6 and ΔP3 are all less than 0.8 times of the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, it means that the ash removal is completed, wherein ΔV5=V7-V1, ΔV6=V8-V2 and ΔP3=P4-P1; When any one of ΔV5 or ΔV6 or ΔP3 is still greater than 0.8 times of the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, return to step 3.1 until ΔV5, ΔV6 and ΔP3 are all less than 0.8 times of the set gas flow rate difference and pressure difference, and stop the ash removal.

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