A method of manufacturing an engineering vehicle drive axle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of drive axle manufacturing, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a drive axle of an engineering vehicle; the manufacturing method comprises a fixing frame, a spraying mechanism is arranged on the fixing frame, a feeding mechanism for sequentially conveying axle housings to the spraying mechanism is arranged on the right side of the spraying mechanism, a material taking mechanism for taking out the processed axle housings is arranged on the left side of the spraying mechanism, and the material taking mechanism is the same in structure as the feeding mechanism; the present application solves the problems that the axle housings of the current drive axle are mainly covered before the spraying processing of the axle housings, the covering of the required connecting and matching parts is time-consuming and laborious, the part of the axle housing in contact with the suspension device is not sprayed with paint, the spraying is not complete, secondary processing is required, the paint surface of the axle housing is difficult to keep consistent, and the processing efficiency is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drive axle manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a drive axle of an engineering vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The drive axle refers to a mechanical device used for transmitting power and torque to the vehicle wheels, which is usually composed of a differential, an axle housing, a half shaft, a flange plate and a gear assembly, etc., and can convert the power of the engine into rotational force to push the vehicle forward; in order to prevent corrosion and improve the appearance quality, the components of the drive axle are subjected to spraying processing, and in order to ensure that the coating is evenly covered on the surface of each part and provides the maximum protection performance and durability, the components of the drive axle are subjected to the operation process of being sprayed separately and then assembled.

[0003] Before spraying, the two flange plates are welded at the two ends of the axle housing, and limiting holes are provided on the axle housing and the flange plates for cooperation and fixation, and then in order to avoid the connection surface of the flange plate and the axle housing being sprayed, which causes the thickness of the connection surface to increase and affects the tightness of the connection, the connection surface is usually shielded by adhesive tape or other coverings to protect it from being affected by the paint, and then the axle housing is lifted off the ground by a suspension device, and the surface is sprayed by a spray gun.

[0004] However, the axle housing of the current drive axle has the following problems in the manufacturing process: the covering method of the required connection and cooperation part of the existing axle housing before spraying processing is time-consuming and laborious, and the method of lifting the axle housing for spraying will cause the part of the axle housing in contact with the suspension device not to be sprayed, resulting in incomplete spraying, the need for secondary processing, the difficulty in keeping the paint surface of the axle housing consistent, and the prolongation of the processing efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an application name to solve the technical problems in the related art, such as the time-consuming and laborious covering method of the required connection and cooperation part of the axle housing before spraying processing, the part of the axle housing in contact with the suspension device not being sprayed, resulting in incomplete spraying, the need for secondary processing, the difficulty in keeping the paint surface of the axle housing consistent, and the prolongation of the processing efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions: the embodiments of the present application provide a manufacturing method of a drive axle of an engineering vehicle, comprising the following steps: S1, part casting: casting the axle housing of the drive axle to obtain an axle housing casting.

[0007] S2, pretreatment: deburring the surface of the axle housing and other surface pretreatment.

[0008] S3, machining: machining the part positions of the pretreated axle housing by a machine tool.

[0009] S4, surface treatment: the surface of the axle housing is painted by a spraying device.

[0010] The spraying device in the S4 step comprises a fixing frame, a spraying mechanism arranged on the fixing frame, a feeding mechanism arranged on the right side of the spraying mechanism for sequentially feeding the axle housing to the spraying mechanism, and a taking mechanism arranged on the left side of the spraying mechanism for taking out the processed axle housing, wherein the taking mechanism has the same structure as the feeding mechanism.

[0011] The spraying mechanism comprises a protective shell, the fixing frame is provided with the protective shell, a spraying mechanical arm is arranged on the inner cavity of the protective shell, a support block is symmetrically arranged on the front and back inner walls of the protective shell below the spraying mechanical arm, a cylinder is slidably arranged in the support block, a T-shaped column is slidably arranged in the middle of the cylinder, the horizontal section of the T-shaped column is located in the cylinder, a first compression spring is arranged between the horizontal section of the T-shaped column and the inner wall of the cylinder, the vertical end of the T-shaped column extends to the outside of the cylinder and has a tapered structure, a first oil cylinder is arranged on each of the front and back end faces of the protective shell, the telescopic ends of the two first oil cylinders are connected with the horizontal sections of the corresponding T-shaped columns, and a reinforcing unit for further limiting the movement of the axle housing is arranged on the protective shell.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the reinforcing unit comprises a fixed block, a column body is slidably arranged in each of the left and right inner walls of the protective shell, the column body has a hollow structure, a limiting column is uniformly arranged on the opposite side of each column body along the circumferential direction of the column body, the limiting column is in sliding fit with the column body, the end of the limiting column away from the fixed block has a tapered structure, a disc is arranged on the end of the limiting column close to the fixed block, the disc is slidably arranged in the column body, a second compression spring is arranged between the disc and the inner wall of the column body, a fitting piece is arranged in the middle of the column body, and a driving piece for driving the limiting column and the fitting piece is arranged on the opposite side of each column body.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the feeding mechanism comprises a bottom plate, the right side of the protective shell is provided with the bottom plate, the upper end of the bottom plate is provided with a N-shaped plate, the N-shaped plate is in sliding fit with the bottom plate through a linear sliding rail, the horizontal section of the N-shaped plate close to the protective shell is provided with a base, the base has an L-shaped structure, a lifting frame is arranged on the upper end face of the horizontal section of the base, a fixing piece is arranged on the upper end face of the lifting frame, a channel is symmetrically arranged on each of the left and right sides of the lower part of the protective shell, a baffle for closing the corresponding channel is arranged on the side of the base close to the protective shell, a third oil cylinder is arranged on the side of the N-shaped plate away from the protective shell, the third oil cylinder is arranged on the bottom plate, and the telescopic end of the third oil cylinder is connected with the N-shaped plate.

[0014] As a preferred scheme, the fixing member comprises a support plate, the upper end surface of the lifting frame is symmetrically provided with one support plate in front and back, the support plate is in L-shaped structure, the opposite surfaces of the vertical sections of the two support plates are each provided with a fixing disc, the fixing disc is provided with a first taper block in the circumferential direction of the fixing disc, the first taper block is in abutment with the limiting hole on the flange disc, the middle part of the fixing disc is provided with a second taper block in abutment with the end part of the bridge shell, and the upper end surface of the lifting frame is symmetrically provided with one fourth oil cylinder for pushing and pulling the corresponding support plate.

[0015] As a preferred scheme, the fitting member comprises a shaft column, the opposite sides of the two column bodies are each provided with one shaft column, the middle part of the column body is slidingly installed with a slide rod, the slide rod is in T-shaped structure, the slide rod and the shaft column are in sliding cooperation, the circumferential outer wall of the shaft column is uniformly slidingly installed with an abutment block in the circumferential direction of the shaft column, the slide rod in the shaft column is installed with a push block in abutment with the abutment block, and the push block is in circular truncated cone structure.

[0016] As a preferred scheme, the driving member comprises a push plate, the opposite sides of the two discs are each provided with one push plate, the push plate is slidingly installed in the column body, the push plate is in abutment with the vertical section of the slide rod, the side of the push plate away from the disc is provided with a stand, the stand extends to the outside of the column body, the stand and the column body are in sliding cooperation, and the side of the stand away from the push plate is jointly provided with one connecting plate, the left and right sides of the protective shell are each provided with one second oil cylinder, and the extension ends of the two second oil cylinders are respectively connected with the corresponding connecting plates.

[0017] As a preferred scheme, the lower end surface of the base is higher than the inner cavity bottom wall of the protective shell.

[0018] The one or more technical solutions in the embodiment of the present application have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0019] Firstly, the spraying mechanism of the present application avoids the pollution caused by the splashing of paint during the spraying process through the protective shell, and the fixing unit and the cylinder column can shield the connecting and cooperating surface of the bridge shell while fixing the bridge shell, so as to avoid being sprayed, thereby simplifying the process of the bridge shell processing, and fixing the position without spraying from the side of the bridge shell, avoiding shielding the required paint spraying surface of the bridge shell, thereby ensuring that the bridge shell is sprayed once, and improving the spraying processing efficiency of the bridge shell.

[0020] Secondly, the feeding mechanism of the present application can take and feed materials through the movement of the U-shaped plate, and can open and close the channel, so as to ensure that the channel is closed during the processing of the spraying mechanism, avoid the splashing of paint, and the feeding mechanism waits for feeding when the spraying mechanism works, thereby realizing the continuity of the bridge shell processing and improving the processing efficiency.

[0021] Thirdly, the driving member is pushed by the second oil cylinder, the limiting column and the bridge shell limiting hole are matched to limit the rotation of the limiting column, the control abutting block and the inner wall of the bridge shell are matched to limit the up and down movement of the abutting block, so that two effects are realized through one driving source, the design is simplified, and the space and weight are saved.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description and drawings or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Process flow diagram of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 First perspective view of the structure of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 Second perspective view of the structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 Structure of Figure 3 Structure of A in the figure.

[0028] Figure 5 Top view of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6 Structure of the spraying mechanism of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 Structure of Figure 6 Structure of B in the figure.

[0031] Figure 8 Structure between the driving member and the fitting member of the present application.

[0032] Figure 9 Structure of Figure 8 Structure of C in the figure.

[0033] Reference signs:

[0034] 1, fixed frame; 2, spraying mechanism; 20, protective shell; 21, support block; 22, cylinder; 23, T-shaped column; 24, No. 1 compression spring; 25, No. 1 oil cylinder; 5, reinforcing unit; 50, fixed block; 51, column; 52, limiting column; 53, disc; 54, fitting piece; 540, shaft column; 541, sliding rod; 542, abutting block; 543, push block; 55, driving piece; 550, push plate; 551, stand; 552, connecting plate; 553, No. 2 oil cylinder; 3, feeding mechanism; 30, bottom plate; 31, U-shaped plate; 32, base; 33, lifting frame; 34, baffle; 35, No. 3 oil cylinder; 36, fixing piece; 360, support plate; 361, fixed disc; 362, No. 1 conical block; 363, No. 2 conical block; 4, material taking mechanism. Embodiment

[0035] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a method for manufacturing an engineering vehicle drive axle, comprising the following steps: S1, part casting: casting an axle housing of the drive axle to obtain an axle housing casting.

[0037] S2, pretreatment: deburring and sandblasting and other surface treatment are performed on the axle housing to improve the smoothness of the surface of the casting and reduce damage during use due to foreign matter and burrs.

[0038] S3, machining: the parts of the axle housing after the above pretreatment are finished by a machine tool to ensure the accuracy and quality of the axle housing.

[0039] S4, surface treatment: the axle housing is first moved to the position of the spraying mechanism 2 by the feeding mechanism 3, the spraying mechanism 2 is fixed after spraying processing, after the spraying processing is completed, the sprayed axle housing is taken off by the material taking mechanism 4 and moved out for subsequent operation, then the feeding mechanism 3 moves the axle housing to be processed to the spraying mechanism again for spraying, so as to realize continuous spraying processing operation of the axle housing and improve the spraying processing efficiency of the axle housing.

[0040] The spraying device involved in step S4 above includes a fixed frame 1, on which a spraying mechanism 2 is provided. A feeding mechanism 3 for transporting the bridge shells to the spraying mechanism 2 is provided on the right side of the spraying mechanism 2. A picking mechanism 4 for taking out the processed bridge shells is provided on the left side of the spraying mechanism 2. The picking mechanism 4 has the same structure as the feeding mechanism 3.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the feeding mechanism 3 includes a base plate 30. The base plate 30 is located on the right side of the protective shell 20. A U-shaped plate 31 is located on the upper end of the base plate 30, and the U-shaped plate 31 slides with the base plate 30 via a linear slide rail. A base 32 is located on the horizontal section of the U-shaped plate 31 near the protective shell 20, and the base 32 has an L-shaped structure. A lifting frame 33 is installed on the upper surface of the horizontal section of the base 32, and a fixing member 36 is located on the upper surface of the lifting frame 33. A channel is symmetrically opened on the left and right sides of the lower part of the protective shell 20. A baffle 34 for closing the corresponding channel is located on the side of the base 32 near the protective shell 20. A third hydraulic cylinder 35 is located on the side of the U-shaped plate 31 away from the protective shell 20. The third hydraulic cylinder 35 is installed on the base plate 30, and the telescopic end of the third hydraulic cylinder 35 is connected to the U-shaped plate 31.

[0042] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixing component 36 includes a support plate 360. The upper end face of the lifting frame 33 is symmetrically provided with a support plate 360 ​​on each side, and the support plate 360 ​​has an L-shaped structure. The vertical sections of the two support plates 360 are each mounted with a fixing plate 361 on their opposite sides. The fixing plate 361 is provided with a first conical block 362 along its circumferential direction, which abuts against the limiting hole on the flange plate. The middle part of the fixing plate 361 is provided with a second conical block 363, which abuts against the end of the bridge housing. The upper end face of the lifting frame 33 is symmetrically provided with a fourth hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) for pushing and pulling the corresponding support plate 360 ​​on each side.

[0043] In actual operation, cylinder 35 pulls the feeding mechanism 3 to the right, and then the external robotic arm clamps and moves the bridge housing between the two fixed plates 361. Then, the two cylinders pull the corresponding support plates 360 closer together, so that the cone block 362 abuts against the limiting hole on the flange plate, and the cone block 363 abuts against both ends of the bridge housing, thereby fixing the bridge housing. Then, cylinder 35 pushes the lifting frame 33 and the bridge housing fixed by the fixing member 36 to move below the spraying mechanism 2. Then, the lifting frame 33 rises and moves the bridge housing on the fixing member 36 to the spraying mechanism 2 for fixing and spraying. After the bridge housing is fixed, the lifting frame 33 descends, and then cylinder 35 pulls the lifting frame 33 to the right, so that the baffle 34 closes the channel to prevent paint from splashing and causing pollution when the spraying mechanism 2 is working.

[0044] As Figure 6 shown, the lower end surface of the base 32 is higher than the inner cavity bottom wall of the protective shell 20; in particular, during the feeding and taking process of moving the base 32 left and right by the No. 3 oil cylinder 35, the paint droplets on the inner cavity bottom wall of the protective shell 20 due to spraying processing will not stick to the base 32, thereby avoiding the pollution of parts caused by the adhesion of paint to the base 32 during movement.

[0045] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the spraying mechanism 2 comprises a protective shell 20, the fixed frame 1 is provided with the protective shell 20, the inner cavity of the protective shell 20 is provided with a spraying mechanical arm (not shown in the figure), and the lower part of the spraying mechanical arm (not shown in the figure) is symmetrically provided with a supporting block 21 in front and back, and the two supporting blocks 21 are respectively installed on the front and rear inner walls of the protective shell 20. A cylinder 22 is slidably installed in the supporting block 21, a T-shaped column 23 is slidably installed in the middle part of the cylinder 22, the horizontal section of the T-shaped column 23 is located in the cylinder 22, a No. 1 compression spring 24 is arranged between the horizontal section of the T-shaped column 23 and the inner wall of the cylinder 22, the vertical end of the T-shaped column 23 extends to the outside of the cylinder 22 and is in a conical structure, a No. 1 oil cylinder 25 is installed on each of the front and rear end surfaces of the protective shell 20, the extension ends of the two No. 1 oil cylinders 25 are respectively connected with the horizontal sections of the corresponding T-shaped columns 23, and a reinforcing unit 5 for further limiting the movement of the bridge shell is arranged on the protective shell 20.

[0046] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 shown, the reinforcing unit 5 comprises a fixed block 50, the left and right inner walls of the protective shell 20 are symmetrically provided with a fixed block 50, a column body 51 is slidably installed in the fixed block 50, the column body 51 is a hollow structure, limit columns 52 are uniformly arranged on the opposite sides of the two column bodies 51 along the circumferential direction, the limit columns 52 are in sliding fit with the column bodies 51, the end of the limit column 52 away from the fixed block 50 is in a conical structure, the ends of the limit columns 52 close to the fixed block 50 are commonly provided with a disc 53, the disc 53 is slidably installed in the column body 51, a No. 2 compression spring is arranged between the disc 53 and the inner wall of the column body 51, a fitting piece 54 is arranged in the middle part of the column body 51, and drive pieces 55 for driving the limit columns 52 and the fitting piece 54 are arranged on the opposite sides of the two column bodies 51.

[0047] In specific work, the feeding mechanism 3 sends the axle housing into the protective shell 20, and after moving to the position of the spraying mechanism 2, the driving part 55 drives the column 51 to move to the axle housing, so that the fitting part 54 is inserted into the inside of the left and right sides of the axle housing, and the column 51 is in contact with the left and right sides of the axle housing, then the tapered end of the limiting column 52 is in contact with the limiting hole on the axle housing, and then the fitting part 54 is in contact with the inner wall of the axle housing, so as to limit the axle housing, then the feeding mechanism 3 is retracted, then the first oil cylinder 25 pushes the cylinder column 22 to move to the both ends of the axle housing, so as to be in contact with the both ends of the axle housing, then the vertical end of the T-shaped column 23 is in contact with the axle housing under the pushing of the first oil cylinder 25, so as to limit the up and down movement of the axle housing, and the compression of the first compression spring 24 pushes the cylinder column 22 to be in close contact with the flange plate, so as to avoid that the connected surface is sprayed in the spraying process, which affects the tightness of the later connection. After the axle housing is fixed, the spraying mechanical arm sprays the axle housing, and after the spraying of the axle housing is completed, the taking mechanism 4 moves the sprayed axle housing out for subsequent operation.

[0048] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the fitting part 54 comprises a shaft column 540, one shaft column 540 is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the column 51, a sliding rod 541 is slidingly installed on the middle part of the column 51, the sliding rod 541 is in a T-shaped structure, the sliding rod 541 is in sliding cooperation with the shaft column 540, the circumferential outer wall of the shaft column 540 is uniformly slidingly installed with a contact block 542 along the circumferential direction, the sliding rod 541 in the shaft column 540 is installed with a push block 543 in contact with the contact block 542, and the push block 543 is in a circular truncated cone structure.

[0049] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 , the driving part 55 comprises a push plate 550, one push plate 550 is arranged on each of the opposite sides of the disc 53, and the push plate 550 is slidingly installed in the column 51, the push plate 550 is in contact with the vertical section of the sliding rod 541, the side of the push plate 550 away from the disc 53 is provided with a stand 551, the stand 551 extends to the outside of the column 51, and the stand 551 is in sliding cooperation with the column 51, and the side of the stand 551 away from the push plate 550 is jointly provided with a connecting plate 552, and each of the left and right sides of the protective shell 20 is provided with a second oil cylinder 553, and the extension ends of the two second oil cylinders 553 are connected with the corresponding connecting plates 552.

[0050] Specifically, the second oil cylinder 553 pushes the connecting plate 552 to move towards the axle housing, the connecting plate 552 pushes the pressing plate 550 through the stand 551, the pressing plate 550 pushes the disc 53 first, the disc 53 moves to abut against the limiting hole on the axle housing, at the same time, the pressing plate 550 abuts against the sliding rod 541, the sliding rod 541 moves with the pressing plate 550 to extrude the abutting block 542 through the pressing block 543, the abutting block 542 moves outward to abut against the inner wall of the axle housing, so that the movement of the axle housing in the up-down direction is limited, the stability of the axle housing in the spraying process is ensured, and then the spraying quality is ensured, and the second compression spring pushes the column 51 to tightly abut against the connecting surface of the axle housing, so that the surface of the spraying mechanism 2 is prevented from being sprayed with paint when the spraying mechanism 2 works.

[0051] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contour of each component itself.

[0052] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "one", "two" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "one", "two" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specifically specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "connection", "installation", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore; any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing an engineering vehicle drive axle, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, component casting: casting the axle housing of the drive axle to obtain an axle housing casting; S2, pretreatment: deburring surface pretreatment of the surface of the axle housing; S3, machining: finishing the positions of the pretreated axle housing by a machine tool; S4, surface treatment: paint spraying treatment of the surface of the axle housing by a spraying device; The spraying device involved in the step S4 comprises a fixing frame (1) provided with a spraying mechanism (2), a feeding mechanism (3) provided on the right side of the spraying mechanism (2) for sequentially conveying the axle housing to the spraying mechanism (2), and a taking mechanism (4) provided on the left side of the spraying mechanism (2) for taking out the finished axle housing, wherein the taking mechanism (4) is the same in structure as the feeding mechanism (3). The spraying mechanism (2) comprises a protective shell (20) mounted on the fixing frame (1), a spraying mechanical arm provided on the inner cavity of the upper portion of the protective shell (20), a support block (21) provided on the front and rear of the lower portion of the spraying mechanical arm, two support blocks (21) respectively mounted on the front and rear inner walls of the protective shell (20), a cylinder column (22) slidably mounted in the support block (21), a T-shaped column (23) slidably mounted in the middle portion of the cylinder column (22), a horizontal section of the T-shaped column (23) located in the cylinder column (22), a first compression spring (24) provided between the horizontal section of the T-shaped column (23) and the inner wall of the cylinder column (22), a vertical end of the T-shaped column (23) extending to the outside of the cylinder column (22) and being in a conical structure, a first oil cylinder (25) mounted on each of the front and rear end faces of the protective shell (20), the telescopic ends of the two first oil cylinders (25) respectively connected with the horizontal sections of the corresponding T-shaped columns (23), and a reinforcing unit (5) provided on the protective shell (20) for further limiting the movement of the axle housing. The reinforcing unit (5) comprises a fixed block (50) symmetrically provided on the left and right inner walls of the protective shell (20), a column body (51) slidably mounted in the fixed block (50) and being in a hollow structure, a limiting column (52) uniformly arranged on the opposite side of each of the two column bodies (51) along the circumferential direction thereof and in sliding fit with the column body (51), the limiting column (52) in a conical structure at the end thereof away from the fixed block (50), a disc (53) jointly provided at the end of the limiting column (52) close to the fixed block (50) and slidably mounted in the column body (51), a second compression spring provided between the disc (53) and the inner wall of the column body (51), a fitting piece (54) provided in the middle portion of the column body (51), and a driving piece (55) provided on the opposite sides of the two column bodies (51) for driving the limiting column (52) and the fitting piece (54).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The feeding mechanism (3) includes a bottom plate (30), the right side of the protective shell (20) is provided with the bottom plate (30), the upper end of the bottom plate (30) is provided with a U-shaped plate (31), and the U-shaped plate (31) is slidably connected with the bottom plate (30) through a linear slide rail; the horizontal section of the U-shaped plate (31) is provided with a base (32) close to the side of the protective shell (20), the base (32) is in L-shaped structure, a lifting frame (33) is installed on the upper end surface of the horizontal section of the base (32), a fixing piece (36) is arranged on the upper end surface of the lifting frame (33), two channels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower part of the protective shell (20), a baffle (34) for closing the corresponding channel is arranged on the side of the base (32) close to the protective shell (20), and a third oil cylinder (35) is arranged on the side of the U-shaped plate (31) away from the protective shell (20), the third oil cylinder (35) is installed on the bottom plate (30), and the telescopic end of the third oil cylinder (35) is connected with the U-shaped plate (31).

3. The method of claim 2, wherein: The fixing piece (36) includes a support plate (360), the upper end surface of the lifting frame (33) is symmetrically provided with one support plate (360) at the front and rear, the support plate (360) is in L-shaped structure, a fixed disc (361) is installed on the opposite surface of the vertical section of the two support plates (360), a first tapered block (362) is arranged on the fixed disc (361) in the circumferential direction and abuts against the limiting hole on the flange disc, a second tapered block (363) is arranged on the middle part of the fixed disc (361) and abuts against the end of the bridge shell, and a fourth oil cylinder for pushing and pulling the corresponding support plate (360) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end surface of the lifting frame (33).

4. The method of claim 2, wherein: The fitting piece (54) includes a shaft column (540), one shaft column (540) is arranged on the opposite side of each of the two column bodies (51), a sliding rod (541) is slidably installed in the middle part of the column body (51), the sliding rod (541) is in T-shaped structure and slidably connected with the shaft column (540), abutting blocks (542) are uniformly and slidably installed on the circumferential outer wall of the shaft column (540) in the circumferential direction, a pushing block (543) in circular truncated cone structure is installed on the sliding rod (541) in the shaft column (540) and abuts against the abutting block (542).

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: The driving piece (55) includes a pushing plate (550), one pushing plate (550) is arranged on the opposite side of each of the two discs (53) and slidably installed in the column body (51), the pushing plate (550) abuts against the vertical section of the sliding rod (541), a stand column (551) is arranged on the side of the pushing plate (550) away from the disc (53), the stand column (551) extends to the outside of the column body (51) and slidably connects with the column body (51), and a connecting plate (552) is arranged on the side of the stand column (551) away from the pushing plate (550), a second oil cylinder (553) is arranged on the left and right sides of the protective shell (20), and the telescopic ends of the two second oil cylinders (553) are connected with the corresponding connecting plates (552).

6. The method of claim 2, wherein: The lower end face of the base (32) is higher than the inner cavity bottom wall of the protective shell (20).

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