An absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station

Abstract

The present invention provides an absorption-type hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen energy equipment. It includes a number of pressure relief tanks connected in series, and a temperature control pipe and an airbag are arranged inside the pressure relief tank; a hydrogen storage alloy layer is attached to the inner wall of the pressure relief tank and the outer wall of the temperature control pipe. A pressure relief inlet pipe communicating with the inner cavity of the airbag is arranged on the pressure relief tank, and a number of overflow small holes are opened on the airbag, and the overflow small holes can expand as the airbag expands. The two ends of the temperature control pipe are a fluid inlet pipe interface and a fluid return pipe interface. Sending high-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface can release the hydrogen absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy, and sending low-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to absorb hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface can absorb the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank. The present invention has the advantages of high safety, high space utilization rate, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy equipment and relates to an absorption-type hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen refueling station is an important infrastructure for large-scale application of hydrogen energy in the transportation field. As a connection node between hydrogen energy supply and hydrogen energy application, the technological development is inseparable from the hydrogen supply chain and the hydrogen demand of fuel cell electric vehicles.

[0003] Hydrogen is a small-density gas that is flammable and explosive. Hydrogen in a hydrogen refueling station is mainly stored in a liquefied state, that is, high-pressure liquefaction. During operations such as hydrogen refueling and filling, the pipelines and equipment are all in a high-pressure state, and safety accidents such as blasting and leakage are likely to occur. Therefore, a hydrogen refueling station needs to construct a security management system through protective walls, pressure relief equipment, etc.

[0004] Most of the existing hydrogen pressure relief methods are to reduce the pressure by increasing the volume of the cavity. This method not only occupies a large space (requiring large-capacity storage equipment), but also causes waste of pressure. Especially in the hydrogen refueling gun pipeline and hydrogen filling pipeline, after the pressure is relieved for some reason and potential safety hazards are eliminated, re-pressurization is required, and some equipment with pressure start-up also needs to be re-pressurized. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the existing pressure relief equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an absorption-type hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station in view of the above problems existing in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to increase the utilization rate of the pressure relief space and improve the safety of pressure relief.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: An absorption-type hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that it includes a plurality of pressure relief tanks connected in series. A temperature control pipe and an airbag are arranged in the pressure relief tank; a hydrogen storage alloy layer is attached to the inner wall of the pressure relief tank and the outer wall of the temperature control pipe. A pressure relief inlet pipe communicating with the inner cavity of the airbag is arranged on the pressure relief tank. A plurality of overflow small holes are opened on the airbag, and the overflow small holes can expand as the airbag expands. The two ends of the temperature control pipe are a fluid inlet pipe interface and a fluid return pipe interface. Sending high-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface can release the hydrogen absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy, and sending low-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to absorb hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface can absorb the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank.

[0007] Further, the temperature control pipe is a spiral pipe, and the airbag is located in the hollow cavity formed by the temperature control pipe.

[0008] Further, a secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe is arranged on the pressure relief tank, and a pressure limiting valve is arranged at the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, in the two pressure relief tanks connected in series, the pressure relief exhaust pipe of the previous pressure relief tank is connected to the pressure relief inlet pipe of the next pressure relief tank.

[0010] During pressure relief, high-pressure hydrogen enters the airbag, causing the airbag to expand. The overflow small holes also expand accordingly, and the hydrogen gradually diffuses into the pressure relief tank outside the airbag. At the same time, the fluid temperature in the temperature control pipe is reduced to enable the hydrogen storage alloy to reach the temperature environment for hydrogen absorption. The expansion of the airbag also increases the air pressure in the pressure relief tank outside the airbag, promoting hydrogen absorption. If the pressure relief continues until the pressure in the pressure relief tank reaches the pressure value of the pressure limiting valve, the hydrogen is released from the previous pressure relief tank to the next pressure relief tank.

[0011] After the pressure relief is completed, high-temperature fluid that enables the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen can be filled into the temperature control pipe. The pressure of the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank increases, squeezing the airbag to further contract, thereby sending the gas in the airbag back to the corresponding pressure equipment or pressure pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the fluid inlet pipe interfaces of each pressure relief tank are connected in parallel.

[0013] Furthermore, the fluid return pipe interfaces of each pressure relief tank are connected in parallel.

[0014] Furthermore, a heat preservation layer and a strengthening layer are provided outside the pressure relief tank, and the strengthening layer is located inside the heat preservation layer.

[0015] Furthermore, valves are provided at the fluid inlet pipe interface, the fluid return pipe interface, the pressure relief inlet pipe, and the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this pressure relief method has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. By combining the two methods of chemical hydrogen absorption and physical storage, the space utilization rate of the pressure relief and hydrogen storage is increased, and the pressure relief is not delayed.

[0018] 2. This solution can charge hydrogen at a certain pressure to the pressure pipeline and pressure equipment, reducing the stamping energy consumption of the hydrogen pipeline and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a flowchart of this pressure relief device in the pressure relief state.

[0020] Figure 2 is a flowchart of this pressure relief device for recharging pressure after the pressure relief is completed.

[0021] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a single pressure relief tank of this pressure relief device.

[0022] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of multiple pressure relief tanks connected in series of this pressure relief device.

[0023] In the figure, 1 is a pressure relief tank; 2 is a temperature control pipe; 3 is an airbag; 4 is a pressure relief inlet pipe; 5 are overflow small holes; 6 is a fluid inlet pipe interface; 7 is a fluid return pipe interface; 8 is a secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe. Specific implementation manner

[0024] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0025] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the hydrogen absorption type hydrogen pressure relief device of the hydrogen refueling station includes a plurality of pressure relief tanks 1 connected in series. A temperature control pipe 2 and an airbag 3 are arranged in the pressure relief tank 1; a hydrogen storage alloy layer is attached to the inner wall of the pressure relief tank 1 and the outer wall of the temperature control pipe 2. A pressure relief inlet pipe 4 communicating with the inner cavity of the airbag 3 is arranged on the pressure relief tank 1. A plurality of overflow small holes 5 are formed in the airbag 3, and the overflow small holes 5 can expand as the airbag 3 expands. The two ends of the temperature control pipe 2 are a fluid inlet pipe interface 6 and a fluid return pipe interface 7. Sending a high-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface 6 can release the hydrogen absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy, and sending a low-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to absorb hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface 6 can absorb the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank 1.

[0026] Multiple pressure relief tanks 1 connected in series can not only achieve rapid pressure relief while maintaining a safe pressure, but also provide time for hydrogen to be absorbed by the alloy during each pressure relief process. Because when hydrogen passes through each pressure relief tank 1 in sequence, hydrogen slowly enters the hydrogen absorption environment of the hydrogen storage alloy. When the pressure is relatively high, hydrogen escapes relatively fast. At this time, multiple pressure relief tanks 1 participate in the hydrogen storage for pressure relief. When the pressure relief pressure is relatively low, only a single pressure relief tank 1 needs to participate. This method can maintain a safe air pressure and reduce the requirement for storage space; while traditional compression and liquefaction will form a new high-pressure leakage risk.

[0027] The temperature control pipe 2 is a spiral pipe, and the airbag 3 is located in the hollow cavity formed by the temperature control pipe 2. The spiral pipe can increase the attachment surface of the hydrogen storage alloy and reserve a relatively large space in the tank for the deformation of the airbag 3.

[0028] A secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe 8 is arranged on the pressure relief tank 1, and a pressure limiting valve is arranged at the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe 8.

[0029] In two pressure relief tanks 1 connected in series, the pressure relief exhaust pipe of the previous pressure relief tank 1 is connected to the pressure relief inlet pipe 4 of the next pressure relief tank 1.

[0030] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, during pressure relief, high-pressure hydrogen enters the airbag 3, causing the airbag 3 to expand. The overflow small hole 5 expands accordingly, and the hydrogen gradually diffuses into the pressure relief tank 1 outside the airbag 3. At the same time, the fluid temperature in the temperature control pipe 2 is reduced to enable the hydrogen storage alloy to reach the temperature environment for hydrogen absorption. The expansion of the airbag 3 also increases the air pressure in the pressure relief tank 1 outside the airbag 3, promoting hydrogen absorption. If the pressure relief continues until the pressure in the pressure relief tank 1 reaches the pressure value of the pressure limiting valve, the hydrogen is released from the previous pressure relief tank 1 to the next pressure relief tank 1.

[0031] As Figure 2 As shown in the figure, after the pressure relief ends, a high-temperature fluid that enables the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen can be filled into the temperature control pipe 2. The pressure of the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank 1 increases, squeezing the airbag 3 to further contract, thereby sending the gas in the airbag 3 back to the corresponding pressure equipment or pressure pipeline.

[0032] The fluid inlet pipe interfaces 6 of each pressure relief tank 1 are connected in parallel. The fluid return pipe interfaces 7 of each pressure relief tank 1 are connected in parallel.

[0033] A heat insulation layer and a strengthening layer are provided outside the pressure relief tank 1, and the strengthening layer is located inside the heat insulation layer.

[0034] Valves are provided at the fluid inlet pipe interface 6, the fluid return pipe interface 7, the pressure relief inlet pipe 4, and the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe 8.

[0035] The specific embodiments described in this text are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that, it includes a number of pressure relief tanks (1) connected in series. A temperature control pipe (2) and an airbag (3) are arranged inside the pressure relief tank (1); a hydrogen storage alloy layer is attached to the inner wall of the pressure relief tank (1) and the outer wall of the temperature control pipe (2). A pressure relief inlet pipe (4) communicating with the inner cavity of the airbag (3) is arranged on the pressure relief tank (1). A number of overflow small holes (5) are opened on the airbag (3), and the overflow small holes (5) can expand as the airbag (3) expands. The two ends of the temperature control pipe (2) are a fluid inlet pipe interface (6) and a fluid return pipe interface (7). Sending high-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to release hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface (6) can release the hydrogen absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy, and sending low-temperature fluid suitable for the hydrogen storage alloy to absorb hydrogen into the fluid inlet pipe interface (6) can absorb the hydrogen in the pressure relief tank (1).

2. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, characterized in that, the temperature control pipe (2) is a spiral pipe, and the airbag (3) is located in the hollow cavity formed by the temperature control pipe (2).

3. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 2, characterized in that, a secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe (8) is arranged on the pressure relief tank (1), and a pressure limiting valve is arranged at the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe (8).

4. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 3, characterized in that, Among two pressure relief tanks (1) connected in series, the pressure relief exhaust pipe of the previous pressure relief tank (1) is connected to the pressure relief inlet pipe (4) of the next pressure relief tank (1).

5. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 4, characterized in that, During pressure relief, high-pressure hydrogen enters the airbag (3), causing the airbag (3) to expand. The overflow small holes (5) expand accordingly, and the hydrogen gradually disperses into the pressure relief tank (1) outside the airbag (3). At the same time, the temperature of the fluid in the temperature control pipe (2) is reduced to make the hydrogen storage alloy reach the temperature environment for hydrogen absorption. The expansion of the airbag (3) also increases the air pressure in the pressure relief tank (1) outside the airbag (3), promoting the absorption of hydrogen. If the pressure relief continues until the pressure in the pressure relief tank (1) reaches the pressure value of the pressure limiting valve, the hydrogen is released from the previous pressure relief tank (1) to the next pressure relief tank (1).

6. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the pressure relief ends, high-temperature fluid that can make the hydrogen storage alloy reach the hydrogen release state can be filled into the temperature control pipe (2). The pressure of hydrogen in the pressure relief tank (1) increases, squeezing the airbag (3) to further contract, so as to send the gas in the airbag (3) back to the corresponding pressure equipment or pressure pipeline again.

7. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, the fluid inlet pipe interfaces (6) of each pressure relief tank (1) are connected in parallel.

8. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, the fluid return pipe interfaces (7) of each pressure relief tank (1) are connected in parallel.

9. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, A heat-insulating layer and a strengthening layer are arranged outside the pressure relief tank (1), and the strengthening layer is located inside the heat-insulating layer.

10. The absorption hydrogen pressure relief device for a hydrogen filling station according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that valves are arranged at the fluid inlet pipe interface (6), the fluid return pipe interface (7), the pressure relief inlet pipe (4), and the secondary pressure relief exhaust pipe (8).

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