A nut shelling process and nut shelling apparatus

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of nut processing equipment, and particularly relates to a nut shelling process and a nut shelling device. The nut shelling process comprises the following steps: S1, cutting a plurality of cuts on the shell of a nut; and S2, extruding and shelling the nut with the cuts. The nut shelling device comprises a cutting device, an extruding device and a conveying device. The cutting device is used for cutting a plurality of cuts on the shell of a nut. The extruding device is used for rolling extrusion and shelling the nut with the cuts. The input port of the conveying device is connected with the discharge port of the cutting device. The output port of the conveying device is connected with the feeding port of the extruding device. The nut shelling process and the nut shelling device of the present application cut cuts on the shell first and then perform extrusion and shelling. Only a small extrusion force is needed to realize the shelling of the nut. Meanwhile, the problem that the shelling rate of the nut and the integrity rate of the kernel are incompatible is overcome. The present application solves the worldwide nut shelling problem.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of nut processing equipment, and particularly relates to a nut shelling process and a nut shelling device. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are currently only two methods for eating shelled nuts, one is to take out the kernel, and the other is to bake the shelled nuts such as walnuts, macadamia nuts, butternuts, Japanese nut pine nuts and hickory nuts to taste. Especially for the way of eating by taking out the kernel, the nuts need to be shelled. How to ensure the efficiency, shelling rate and kernel integrity rate of nut shelling at the same time is a worldwide research topic for nut shelling technology.

[0003] In the process of taking out the kernel of walnuts and butternuts, the direct extrusion shelling process is currently used, which is also the most common and advanced shelling process in the world. The direct extrusion shelling has the following defects: because nuts are agricultural products and also need to be produced on a large scale, it is impossible to achieve the same size and shape, even if screening is used, it can only be controlled within a certain specification, so it is impossible to ensure that every nut can be completely shelled in the extrusion process. In order to ensure a high shelling rate, that is, to ensure that small nuts are also extruded and shelled, it will inevitably lead to excessive extrusion of large nuts, resulting in kernel damage and a significant decrease in kernel integrity rate. In order to ensure a high kernel integrity rate, that is, to avoid excessive extrusion of large nuts, it will inevitably lead to small nuts with small cracks that are difficult to shelling, or even no cracks that cannot be shelled, resulting in a significant decrease in shelling rate. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problem of incompatible shelling rate and kernel integrity rate of nuts in the prior art, the application provides a nut shelling process and a nut shelling device.

[0005] The application point of the present application is also that the inventor found that direct extrusion shelling requires a lot of extrusion force, which increases the problem of incompatible shelling rate and kernel integrity rate of nuts. If a notch is first cut on the shell and then extrusion shelling is performed, only a small extrusion force is needed to achieve nut shelling, and the problem of incompatible shelling rate and kernel integrity rate of nuts is also overcome.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a nut shelling process, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: cutting a plurality of notches on the shell of the nut;

[0008] S2: extruding and shelling the nut with the notches.

[0009] Further, the number of cuts on each nut in step S1 is at least two, and the at least two cuts are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the shell. This ensures that the nut is easy to break the shell, and is more conducive to overcoming the problem that the breaking rate of the nut and the integrity rate of the kernel are incompatible.

[0010] Further, the cut nuts are subjected to rolling extrusion shell breaking in step S2. The rolling extrusion shell breaking is uniform in stress, high in efficiency, and low in cost.

[0011] A nut shell breaking device, which implements any of the above-mentioned nut shell breaking processes;

[0012] The nut shell breaking device comprises a cutting device for cutting a plurality of cuts on the shell of a nut, an extrusion device for rolling extrusion shell breaking of the cut nut, and a conveying device, wherein the input port of the conveying device is connected with the discharge port of the cutting device, and the output port of the conveying device is connected with the feeding port of the extrusion device.

[0013] As a preferred, the extrusion device comprises a support, and an upper roller assembly and a lower roller assembly arranged on the support, the upper roller assembly comprises an upper roller, the lower roller assembly comprises a lower roller, the upper roller and the lower roller are oppositely arranged on the support, an extrusion channel is formed between the upper roller and the lower roller, and the output port of the conveying device is connected with the extrusion channel. The structure of the extrusion device is simple and reliable, stable in operation, uniform in stress, high in efficiency, and low in cost.

[0014] Further, the outer surface of the upper roller and the lower roller is provided with a rubber coating. This avoids direct hard contact and crushing of the kernel, and protects the kernel to a certain extent.

[0015] Further, the outer surface of the rubber coating is provided with an extrusion pattern. This improves the rolling effect.

[0016] As a preferred, the conveying device comprises a conveying belt, a first guide groove is arranged between the extrusion channel and the output end of the conveying belt, and a second guide groove is arranged between the discharge port of the cutting device and the input end of the conveying belt. This ensures that the nut is efficiently and stably conveyed to the extrusion channel.

[0017] As preferred, the nut shell breaking device further comprises a feeding device for feeding the notching device, the notching device comprising a clamping mechanism and a cutter mechanism, the output of the feeding device is opposite to the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for clamping and fixing nuts from the feeding device, and the cutter mechanism is used for notching the nuts. The feeding device and the notching device can also be selected from existing ones, such as the automatic nut notching machine disclosed in patent CN114343198B, which specifically discloses a sorting mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a cutting mechanism. The feeding device is selected from the sorting mechanism, and the notching device is selected from the clamping mechanism and the cutting mechanism.

[0018] Further, the notching device further comprises a box body and a main transmission mechanism, the main transmission mechanism comprising a first driving structure, a rotating disc and a cam, the rotating disc and the cam being coaxially arranged on the box body, and the first driving structure being used for driving the rotating disc to rotate; a feeding station, a notching station and a discharging station are sequentially arranged around the circumference of the rotating disc; the clamping mechanism is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of clamping mechanisms are sequentially arranged around the circumferential direction of the rotating disc; the output of the feeding device is opposite to the clamping mechanism at the feeding station;

[0019] The clamping mechanism comprises a movable plate, a cam roller and a clamping jaw, the clamping jaw comprising a first clamping block and a second clamping block arranged opposite to each other, the second clamping block being arranged at the outer periphery of the rotating disc, the first clamping block and the cam roller being respectively arranged at two ends of the movable plate, and the outer periphery of the cam being provided with a phase trajectory groove, the cam roller being rollingly arranged along the phase trajectory groove, so that the first clamping block moves close to or away from the second clamping block, the clamping jaw clamps nuts when the first clamping block moves close to the second clamping block, and the clamping jaw releases nuts when the first clamping block moves away from the second clamping block;

[0020] The cutter mechanism comprises a cutter, the cutter mechanism being arranged on the box body, and the cutter being arranged towards the rotating disc; the clamping jaw is in a released state before the feeding station, clamps nuts when passing through the feeding station, and is released after the cutter notches the nuts until reaching the discharging station. The automatic nut notching device has simple and reliable structure, compact layout, small space occupation, stable operation and high production efficiency.

[0021] Beneficial effects: the nut shell breaking process and the nut shell breaking equipment of the present application, the inventor finds that direct extrusion breaking needs a large extrusion force, which increases the incompatible problem of nut shell breaking rate and kernel completeness rate, if cutting on the shell first and then extruding the shell, only a small extrusion force is needed to realize the breaking of the nut, which also overcomes the incompatible problem of nut shell breaking rate and kernel completeness rate, the present application solves the neck-sticking technical problem of incompatible nut shell breaking rate and kernel completeness rate, fills the technical gap of nut shell breaking; the nut shell breaking process of the present application is simple, but through actual test, it has high feasibility, and remarkable technical effect of compatible nut shell breaking rate and kernel completeness rate is achieved, which brings breakthrough development for nut processing and manufacturing; the nut shell breaking equipment of the present application has simple and reliable structure, stable operation, reasonable and compact layout, convenient operation, high automation degree, high efficiency and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nut shell breaking equipment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the partially removed box body in the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the side view of the nut shell breaking equipment of the present application, wherein the box body and the extrusion device are not shown;

[0027] In the figure: 1, cutting device, 11, clamping mechanism, 111, movable plate, 112, cam roller, 113, clamping jaw, 1131, first clamping block, 1132, second clamping block, 12, cutter mechanism, 121, cutter, 13, box body, 14, first driving structure, 15, rotating disc, 16, cam, 161, phase trajectory groove, 2, extrusion device, 21, support, 22, upper roller, 23, lower roller, 24, extrusion channel, 3, conveying device, 31, conveying belt, 32, first guide groove, 33, second guide groove, 4, feeding device, S1, feeding station, S2, cutting station, S3, discharging station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a nut shelling device includes a cutting device 1, an extrusion device 2, and a conveying device 3. The cutting device 1 is used to cut several slits in the shell of the nuts. The extrusion device 2 is used to roll and extrude the slit nuts to break their shells. The inlet of the conveying device 3 is connected to the outlet of the cutting device 1, and the outlet of the conveying device 3 is connected to the inlet of the extrusion device 2.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the extrusion device 2 includes a support 21 and an upper roller 22 assembly and a lower roller 23 assembly disposed on the support 21. The upper roller 22 assembly includes an upper roller 22, and the lower roller 23 assembly includes a lower roller 23. The upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are rotatably disposed on the support 21. In this embodiment, both the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are electric rollers. An extrusion channel 24 is formed between the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23. The output port of the conveying device 3 is connected to the extrusion channel 24. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the conveying device 3 includes a conveyor belt 31, a first guide groove 32 is provided between the extrusion channel 24 and the output end of the conveyor belt 31, and a second guide groove 33 is provided between the discharge port of the cutting device 1 and the input end of the conveyor belt 31; further, in this embodiment, the outer surfaces of the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are coated with rubber (not shown in the figure), and the coating material can be rubber or silicone, etc. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the coated material is provided with an extrusion pattern.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the nut shell breaking device further comprises a feeding device 4 for automatically feeding the notching device 1, the notching device 1 comprising a clamping mechanism 11 and a cutter mechanism 12, the output of the feeding device 4 being opposite to the clamping mechanism 11, the clamping mechanism 11 being used for clamping nuts from the feeding device 4, and the cutter mechanism 12 being used for notching the nuts; further, in the embodiment, the notching device 1 further comprises a box body 13 and a main transmission mechanism, the main transmission mechanism comprising a first driving structure 14, a rotating disc 15 and a cam 16, the rotating disc 15 and the cam 16 being coaxially arranged on the box body 13, and the first driving structure 14 being used for driving the rotating disc 15 to rotate; a feeding station S1, a notching station S2 and a discharging station S3 are sequentially arranged around the circumference of the rotating disc 15; the clamping mechanism 11 is arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of clamping mechanisms 11 are sequentially arranged around the circumferential direction of the rotating disc 15, and two rows of clamping mechanisms 11 are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc 15 in the embodiment, the feeding station S1, the notching station S2, the discharging station S3, the feeding station S1, the notching station S2 and the discharging station S3 are sequentially arranged around the circumference of the rotating disc 15, that is, four production lines are sequentially arranged on the rotating disc 15; the output of the feeding device 4 is opposite to the clamping mechanism 11 at the feeding station S1; further, in the embodiment, the clamping mechanism 11 comprises a movable plate 111, a cam roller 112 and a clamping jaw 113, the clamping jaw 113 comprises a first clamping block 1131 and a second clamping block 1132 arranged opposite to each other, the second clamping block 1132 is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating disc 15, the first clamping block 1131 and the cam roller 112 are respectively arranged at two ends of the movable plate 111, a phase trajectory groove 161 is formed in the outer periphery of the cam 16, and the cam roller 112 is rollingly arranged along the phase trajectory groove 161, so that the first clamping block 1131 moves close to or away from the second clamping block 1132, the clamping jaw 113 clamps the nuts when the first clamping block 1131 moves close to the second clamping block 1132, and the clamping jaw 113 releases the nuts when the first clamping block 1131 moves away from the second clamping block 1132; further, in the embodiment, the cutter mechanism 12 comprises a cutter 121, the cutter mechanism 12 is arranged on the box body 13, the cutter 121 is an electric circular blade in the embodiment, and the cutter 121 is arranged towards the rotating disc 15; the clamping jaw 113 is in a released state before the feeding station S1, clamps the nuts when passing through the feeding station S1, reaches the notching station S2, and releases the nuts after the cutter 121 notches the nuts and reaches the discharging station S3.

[0033] The loading device 4 and the cutting device 1 can also be selected from existing ones, such as the automatic nut cutting machine disclosed in patent CN114343198B, which specifically discloses a sorting mechanism, a clamping mechanism 11 and a cutting mechanism, the loading device 4 is selected from the sorting mechanism, and the cutting device 1 is selected from the clamping mechanism 11 and the cutting mechanism.

[0034] A nut shelling process, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1: cutting a plurality of cuts on the shell of the nut; the number of cuts on each nut in the embodiment is at least two, and the at least two cuts are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the shell;

[0036] S2: shelling the cut nut; the cut nut in the embodiment is subjected to rolling extrusion shelling.

[0037] Specifically, in the embodiment, first, the clamping jaw 113 rotates with the rotating disc 15 to sequentially pass through the loading station S1, the cutting station S2 and the unloading station S3, while the loading device 4 loads the nuts to be shelled, such as walnuts, bingenuts or Chinese torreya nuts, into the clamping jaw 113 at the loading station S1, at this time, the clamping jaw 113 clamps the nuts, when the nuts are carried by the clamping jaw 113 to the cutting station S2, the cutting knife 121 cuts the nuts, when the cut nuts are carried by the clamping jaw 113 to the unloading station S3, at this time, the clamping jaw 113 releases the nuts, the nuts roll to the conveying belt 31 through the second guide groove 33, the conveying belt 31 conveys the nuts to the extrusion channel 24, until the nuts roll into the extrusion channel 24 through the second guide groove 33, and the extrusion shelling and discharging of the nuts are completed under the rolling extrusion and conveying action of the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23.

[0038] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A nut shelling apparatus, characterized by: The device comprises a cutting device (1), an extruding device (2) and a conveying device (3), the cutting device (1) is used for cutting several cuts on the shell of nuts, the extruding device (2) is used for rolling extrusion to break the shell of the cut nuts, the input of the conveying device (3) is connected with the discharge port of the cutting device (1), and the output of the conveying device (3) is connected with the feeding port of the extruding device (2); The cutting device (1) further comprises a box body (13) and a main body transmission mechanism, the main body transmission mechanism comprises a first driving structure (14), a rotating disc (15) and a cam (16), the rotating disc (15) and the cam (16) are coaxially arranged on the box body (13), and the first driving structure (14) is used for driving the rotating disc (15) to rotate; an upper feeding station (S1), a cutting station (S2) and a lower discharging station (S3) are sequentially arranged around the circumference of the rotating disc (15); a plurality of clamping mechanisms (11) are arranged, and the plurality of clamping mechanisms (11) are sequentially arranged around the circumferential direction of the rotating disc (15); The clamping mechanism (11) comprises a movable plate (111), a cam roller (112) and a clamping jaw (113), the clamping jaw (113) comprises oppositely arranged first and second clamping blocks (1131) and (1132), the second clamping block (1132) is arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating disc (15), the first clamping block (1131) and the cam roller (112) are respectively arranged at two ends of the movable plate (111), a phase track groove (161) is formed in the outer periphery of the cam (16), the cam roller (112) is rollingly arranged along the phase track groove (161), so that the first clamping block (1131) moves close to or away from the second clamping block (1132), when the first clamping block (1131) moves close to the second clamping block (1132), the clamping jaw (113) clamps nuts, and when the first clamping block (1131) moves away from the second clamping block (1132), the clamping jaw (113) releases nuts; The cutter mechanism (12) comprises a cutter (121), the cutter mechanism (12) is arranged on the box body (13), and the cutter (121) is arranged towards the rotating disc (15); the clamping jaw (113) is in a released state before the upper feeding station (S1), the clamping jaw (113) clamps nuts when passing through the upper feeding station (S1), until reaching the cutting station (S2), after the cutter (121) cuts nuts, until reaching the lower discharging station (S3), the clamping jaw (113) releases nuts.

2. The nut shelling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The extruding device (2) comprises a support (21), an upper roller (22) assembly and a lower roller (23) assembly arranged on the support (21), the upper roller (22) assembly comprises an upper roller (22), the lower roller (23) assembly comprises a lower roller (23), the upper roller (22) and the lower roller (23) are oppositely rotatably arranged on the support (21), an extruding channel (24) is formed between the upper roller (22) and the lower roller (23), and the output of the conveying device (3) is connected with the extruding channel (24).

3. The nut shelling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The outer surfaces of the upper roller (22) and the lower roller (23) are provided with rubber coating.

4. The nut shelling apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The outer surfaces of the rubber coating are provided with extrusion patterns.

5. The nut shelling apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The conveying device (3) comprises a conveying belt (31), a first guide groove (32) is arranged between the extrusion channel (24) and the output end of the conveying belt (31), and a second guide groove (33) is arranged between the discharge port of the cutting device (1) and the input end of the conveying belt (31).

6. The nut shelling apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The nut cracking device further comprises a feeding device (4) for feeding the cutting device (1), the cutting device (1) comprises a clamping mechanism (11) and a cutter mechanism (12), the output port of the feeding device (4) is arranged opposite to the clamping mechanism (11), the clamping mechanism (11) is used for clamping and fixing nuts from the feeding device (4), and the cutter mechanism (12) is used for cutting nuts.

7. A nut shelling process characterized by: The nut cracking process of the nut cracking device according to any one of claims 1-6 The nut cracking process comprises the following steps: S1: cutting a plurality of cuts on the shell of the nut; S2: extruding and cracking the cut nut.

8. The nut shelling process of claim 7, wherein: The number of cuts on each nut in step S1 is at least two, and the at least two cuts are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the shell.

9. The nut shelling process according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: In step S2, the cut nut is rolled and extruded to crack the shell.

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