A monitoring device for preventing bolt loosening in subway tunnels

Abstract

This invention discloses a monitoring device for preventing bolt loosening in subway tunnels, comprising a base, an arc-shaped guide rail fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a support rod slidably connected to the arc-shaped guide rail, a baffle fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped guide rail, and a displacement sensor fixedly connected to the baffle. A sleeve device is provided at the end of the support rod away from the base; the sleeve device includes a support plate, a sleeve fixedly connected to the support plate, a circular plate rotatably connected inside the sleeve, a groove provided at the bottom of the circular plate, and a fixing device for fixing the circular plate. This invention utilizes the rotation of the track bolts as they loosen, which drives the support rod to rotate. The distal end of the support rod slides on the arc-shaped guide rail and presses against the displacement sensor, measuring the displacement change. The displacement sensor transmits signals via existing wired or wireless technology, thereby obtaining information about bolt loosening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track bolt loosening monitoring technology, and in particular to a monitoring device for preventing bolt loosening in subway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The fastening system is a crucial component of railway tracks, preventing excessive longitudinal and lateral displacement of the rails, preventing rail overturning, and providing adequate elasticity. This also reduces vibration and impact on the wheel-rail system and transfers forces to the sleepers and track slabs. Therefore, fasteners play a vital role in ensuring track stability and reliability. Bolts are key to ensuring the fasteners are securely fastened; loose bolts will inevitably lead to loose or even detached fasteners, causing serious safety hazards.

[0003] Existing anti-loosening monitoring devices install displacement sensors on bolts to monitor bolt loosening. However, in actual use, due to different bolt tightening angles, i.e., inconsistent relative angles between the hexagonal nut at the top of the bolt and the sleeper, the displacement sensor is positioned differently on the hexagonal nut, making it impossible to install it smoothly onto the sleeper. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a monitoring device for preventing bolt loosening in subway tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A monitoring device for preventing bolt loosening in a subway tunnel includes a base, an arc-shaped guide rail fixedly connected to the upper side of the base, a support rod slidably connected to the arc-shaped guide rail, a baffle fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped guide rail, a displacement sensor fixedly connected to the baffle, and a sleeve device provided at the end of the support rod away from the base.

[0007] The sleeve device includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to a sleeve. A circular plate is rotatably connected inside the sleeve. A groove is provided at the bottom of the circular plate. The sleeve is equipped with a fixing device for fixing the circular plate.

[0008] Preferably, the base has a clearance groove at the bottom and a threaded hole on each side of the base. The threaded hole communicates with the clearance groove, and a locking screw is threaded into each threaded hole.

[0009] Preferably, the support rod is provided with a positioning hole, and a pin is slidably connected in the positioning hole. The upper side of the base is provided with a pin hole, and the pin is correspondingly set with the pin hole.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing device includes a cover plate, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a cover plate, the bottom of the cover plate is rotatably connected to a ring, a support spring is fixedly connected between the ring and the circular plate, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spiral groove, and the outer wall of the circular plate is rotatably connected to a ball, which is rolled and connected in the spiral groove.

[0011] Preferably, two side plates are fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve, each side plate is provided with a guide hole, a guide rod is slidably connected in each guide hole, a boss is provided at the lower end of the guide rod, and a cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the two guide rods. A limiting rod is provided at the bottom of the cover plate, and the limiting rod is elastically engaged with a circular plate. A trigger is provided on the circular plate.

[0012] Preferably, the trigger includes a limiting arc plate, which is axially slidably connected to a circular plate. The lower end of the limiting arc plate is provided with a slope surface, and the top of the circular plate is provided with a clearance hole. A sliding hole is provided on the lower side of the limiting rod, and a crossbar is slidably connected in the sliding hole. A first spring is fixedly connected between the crossbar and the bottom of the sliding hole. An inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the outer end of the crossbar, and the inclined surface is provided in correspondence with the slope surface. The middle part of the inclined surface is provided in correspondence with the inner wall of the clearance hole.

[0013] The sector angle of the limiting arc plate is 70-120°.

[0014] The advantages of this invention are as follows: The subway tunnel bolt loosening monitoring device provided by this invention is first installed on the sleepers with a base, and the arc-shaped guide rail is concentric with the center of the subway tunnel bolt within a controllable range by referring to the marking line and the standard line. In this way, the installed support rod rotates around the center of the subway tunnel bolt. When the end of the support rod close to the subway tunnel bolt is fitted onto the bolt with a circular plate and fixed, the bolt rotates and loosens, that is, the bolt rotates, which drives the support rod to rotate. The far end of the support rod slides on the arc-shaped guide rail and presses against the displacement sensor to measure the displacement change. The displacement sensor transmits signals through existing wired or wireless technology, thereby obtaining the bolt loosening status. As a basic unit, this invention can be flexibly and conveniently installed on different bolts that need to be monitored, and the installation and disassembly are convenient.

[0015] This invention involves pressing the base and sleeve downwards in parallel. As the sleeve rises and rotates relative to it, the shape of the bolt nut aligns perfectly with the groove on the circular plate. The support spring, compressed by the rising circular plate, extends after the bolt nut aligns with the groove, thus placing the circular plate over the bolt nut. This method automatically ensures the circular plate fits over the bolt nut regardless of the relative angle of the bolt nut. Only when the circular plate is fitted over the bolt nut can the base stably adhere to the sleeper, preventing installation errors caused by operator carelessness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of the socket device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section E in the image;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the invention installed on a sleeper. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a monitoring device for monitoring the loosening of bolts in a subway tunnel, including a base 1. The base 1 is provided with a marking line, and a standard line is measured from the center of the subway tunnel bolt to the sleeper. The base 1 is installed on the sleeper with reference to the marking line and the standard line. The bottom of the base 1 is provided with a relief groove 11. A threaded hole is provided on each side of the base 1, and the threaded hole is connected to the relief groove 11. A locking screw 12 is threaded in each threaded hole. The width of the relief groove 11 is set to match the width of the sleeper, so that the base 1 can be quickly placed on the sleeper where the bolt loosening needs to be monitored. The locking screw 12 is rotated and presses against the side of the sleeper to form a clamping and fixing.

[0022] An arc-shaped guide rail 2 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the base 1. A support rod 3 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped guide rail 2. A baffle 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped guide rail 2. A displacement sensor 5 is fixedly connected to the baffle 4. A sleeve device 6 is provided at the end of the support rod 3 away from the base 1.

[0023] The sleeve device 6 includes a support plate 61, which is fixedly connected to a sleeve 62. A circular plate 63 is rotatably connected inside the sleeve 62. A groove 64 is provided at the bottom of the circular plate 63. The shape of the groove 64 corresponds to the nut of the bolt and is hexagonal. The sleeve 62 is provided with a fixing device. In this embodiment, the fixing device is a screw. The fixing device is used to fix the circular plate 63. That is, at the nut angle of the subway tunnel bolt, the groove 64 is fitted onto the nut of the subway tunnel bolt by rotating the circular plate 63, and the circular plate 63 after rotation adjustment is fixed to the sleeve 62 by the screw.

[0024] This invention first installs the base 1 onto the sleeper, and uses marking lines and standard lines as references to ensure that the arc-shaped guide rail 2 and the center of the subway tunnel bolt are concentric within a controllable range. The installed support rod 3 then rotates around the center of the subway tunnel bolt. When the end of the support rod 3 closest to the subway tunnel bolt is fitted onto the bolt and fixed by the circular plate 63, the bolt rotates and loosens, causing the bolt to rotate and drive the support rod 3 to rotate. The distal end of the support rod 3 slides on the arc-shaped guide rail 2 and presses against the displacement sensor 5, measuring the displacement change. The displacement sensor 5 transmits signals via existing wired or wireless technology to obtain information about bolt loosening. This invention, as a basic unit, can be flexibly and conveniently installed on different bolts requiring monitoring, and is easy to install and disassemble.

[0025] The support rod 3 is provided with a positioning hole 31, and a pin 32 is slidably connected in the positioning hole 31. The upper side of the base 1 is provided with a pin hole, and the pin 32 is set in correspondence with the pin hole. When there is no monitoring, the support rod 3 is temporarily fixed by inserting the pin 32 into the pin hole to avoid unnecessary contact with the displacement sensor 5 during installation and movement.

[0026] The above implementation scheme, due to operator carelessness, may result in the circular plate 63 not being properly fitted onto the bolt, leading to a sloppy job and failing to achieve the necessary monitoring function. Therefore, this implementation scheme discloses an automatic positioning and installation device. Specifically, the fixing device includes a cover plate 7, with the upper end of the sleeve 62 provided with the cover plate 7. The bottom of the cover plate 7 is rotatably connected to a ring 71, and a support spring 72 is fixedly connected between the ring 71 and the circular plate 63. The inner wall of the sleeve 62 is provided with a spiral groove 73, and the outer wall of the circular plate 63 is rotatably connected to a ball bearing 74, which rolls within the spiral groove 73.

[0027] During installation, the base 1 is first secured to the sleeper and positioned using marking lines. If the circular plate 63 is not fitted onto the bolt, the base 1 cannot descend into position. By pressing the base 1 and sleeve 62 downwards in parallel, the circular plate 63 rises and rotates relative to the sleeve 62, causing the bolt nut shape to align perfectly with the slot 64 of the circular plate 63. The support spring 72, compressed by the rising circular plate 63, extends after the bolt nut shape aligns with the slot 64, thus fitting the circular plate 63 onto the bolt nut. This method automatically ensures that the circular plate 63 fits onto the bolt nut regardless of the relative angle of the bolt nut. Only when the circular plate 63 is fitted onto the bolt nut can the base 1 stably adhere to the sleeper, avoiding installation errors caused by operator carelessness. It eliminates the need for tedious angle adjustments for bolts at different angles and is foolproof, thus surpassing the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the second embodiment described above, since the support spring 72 applies downward pressure to the bolt nut through the circular plate 63 before finally fitting onto the bolt nut, due to the effect of the spiral groove 73, under the condition of downward pressure potential energy, the circular plate 63 will move downward and rotate. While achieving the above advantages, it will also cause the nut to be subjected to a counterclockwise torsion force that loosens it, thus creating a further defect. Therefore, in order to overcome this defect, the downward thrust of the support spring 72 needs to be removed after the circular plate 63 is fitted onto the bolt nut.

[0029] When loosening is detected, the downward pressure of the support spring 72 is removed, but the support spring 72 also has a limiting effect on the upward displacement of the circular plate 63. The rotation of the support rod 3 identifies the counterclockwise loosening of the bolt. The support spring 72 also has a limiting effect to prevent the circular plate 63 from rotating clockwise relative to the support rod 3. The support rod 3 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy tube, which facilitates the rotation of the support rod 3.

[0030] For the reasons mentioned above, two side plates 75 are fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve 62. Each side plate 75 is provided with a guide hole. A guide rod 76 is slidably connected in each guide hole. A boss 77 is provided at the lower end of the guide rod 76. The upper ends of the two guide rods 76 are fixedly connected to a cover plate 7. A limiting rod 78 is provided at the bottom of the cover plate 7. The limiting rod 78 is elastically engaged with a circular plate 63. A trigger 8 is provided on the circular plate 63.

[0031] The trigger 8 includes a limiting arc plate 81, which is axially slidably connected to a circular plate 63. The lower end of the limiting arc plate 81 is provided with a slope surface 82. The top of the circular plate 63 is provided with a clearance circular hole 83. The lower side of the limiting rod 78 is provided with a sliding hole. A crossbar 84 is slidably connected in the sliding hole. A first spring is fixedly connected between the crossbar 84 and the bottom of the sliding hole. The bottom of the outer end of the crossbar 84 is provided with a slope surface 85, which is corresponding to the slope surface 82. The middle part of the slope surface 85 is provided corresponding to the inner wall of the clearance circular hole 83.

[0032] The sector angle of the limiting arc plate 81 is 70-120°. Since the nut is generally hexagonal, if the nut cannot be put into the slot 64, the nut only needs to rotate within 60° relative to the slot 64 to be aligned and enter. Therefore, during the process of the nut falling into the slot 64, the maximum angle of rotation of the circular plate 63 with the limiting arc plate 81 relative to the limiting rod 78 is 60°. When the sector angle of the limiting arc plate 81 is 70-120°, the limiting arc plate 81 can always act on the inclined surface 85, so that the limiting rod 78 is disengaged from the limit.

[0033] When the nut falls into the slot 64, it pushes the limiting arc plate 81 upward. The slope 82 of the limiting arc plate 81 pushes the crossbar 84 horizontally through the inclined surface 85, so that the crossbar 84 falls completely into the relief hole 83. At this time, the support spring 72 is released from its upward compression, thus removing the downward thrust of the support spring 72 in time and avoiding the application of a torsional force that would cause loosening on the monitored bolt. When the present invention is used for monitoring at intervals, there will be no difference in loosening between bolts without the present invention and bolts with the present invention due to external forces. Therefore, monitoring can be carried out at intervals. When loosening is detected in one position, other bolts in that area are further inspected, thus improving the monitoring and identification efficiency.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for preventing loosening of bolts in a subway tunnel, comprising a base (1), an arc-shaped guide rail (2) fixedly connected to the upper side of the base (1), a support rod (3) slidably connected to the arc-shaped guide rail (2), a baffle (4) fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped guide rail (2), and a displacement sensor (5) fixedly connected to the baffle (4), characterized in that: The end of the support rod (3) away from the base (1) is provided with a sleeve connection device (6); The sleeve connection device (6) comprises a support plate (61), the support plate (61) is fixedly connected with a sleeve (62), the sleeve (62) is rotatably connected with a circular plate (63), the bottom of the circular plate (63) is provided with a clamping groove (64), the sleeve (62) is provided with a fixing device, and the fixing device is used for fixing the circular plate (63); The fixing device comprises a cover plate (7), the upper end of the sleeve (62) is provided with the cover plate (7), the bottom of the cover plate (7) is rotatably connected with a circular ring (71), the circular ring (71) and the circular plate (63) are fixedly connected with a supporting spring (72), the inner wall of the sleeve (62) is provided with a helical groove (73), the outer wall of the circular plate (63) is rotatably connected with a ball (74), and the ball (74) is rotatably connected in the helical groove (73); The outer side of the sleeve (62) is fixedly connected with two side plates (75), each side plate (75) is provided with a guide hole, each guide hole is slidably connected with a guide rod (76), the lower end of the guide rod (76) is provided with a boss (77), the upper ends of the two guide rods (76) are fixedly connected with the cover plate (7), the bottom of the cover plate (7) is provided with a limiting rod (78), the limiting rod (78) is elastically clamped on the circular plate (63), and the circular plate (63) is provided with a trigger (8); The trigger (8) comprises a limiting arc-shaped plate (81), the limiting arc-shaped plate (81) is axially slidably connected with the circular plate (63), the lower end of the limiting arc-shaped plate (81) is provided with an inclined surface (82), the top of the circular plate (63) is provided with an avoiding circular hole (83), the lower end of the limiting rod (78) is provided with a sliding hole, a cross rod (84) is slidably connected in the sliding hole, a first spring is fixedly connected between the cross rod (84) and the hole bottom of the sliding hole, the outer end bottom of the cross rod (84) is provided with an inclined surface (85), the inclined surface (85) is correspondingly arranged with the inclined surface (82), and the middle part of the inclined surface (85) is correspondingly arranged with the inner wall of the avoiding circular hole (83).

2. The bolt anti-loosening monitoring device for subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base (1) is provided with an avoiding groove (11), the two sides of the base (1) are respectively provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is communicated with the avoiding groove (11), and each threaded hole is threadedly connected with a locking screw (12).

3. The bolt anti-loosening monitoring device for subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support rod (3) is provided with a positioning hole (31), a pin rod (32) is slidably connected in the positioning hole (31), and the upper side of the base (1) is provided with a pin hole, the pin rod (32) is correspondingly arranged with the pin hole.

4. The bolt anti-loosening monitoring device for subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sector angle of the limiting arc-shaped plate (81) is 70-120°.

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