Preparation method of an environment-friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer

Abstract

The present invention provides a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducer, belonging to the technical field of concrete admixtures. It solves the problem that in the preparation process of existing water reducers, it is difficult to uniformly add defoamers, which affects the product quality of the water reducer and further affects its compressive performance. The preparation method of the environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducer includes the following steps: S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage bins respectively, and sequentially transport them into the reaction cylinder through the feeding mechanism for reaction; S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 150 - 180 °C, stir for 50 - 70 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 130 - 145 °C for 40 - 50 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water reducer mother agent. The present invention has the effect of further improving the slump retention and compressive strength of the water reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, relates to a water reducing agent, and particularly to a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducing agent. Background Art

[0002] A water reducing agent is a concrete admixture that can reduce the mixing water consumption under the condition of maintaining the basic unchanged slump of concrete. Most of them belong to anionic surfactants, such as lignosulfonates, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polymers, etc. After adding to the concrete mixture, it has a dispersing effect on cement particles, can improve its workability, reduce the unit water consumption, improve the fluidity of the concrete mixture; or reduce the unit cement consumption and save cement.

[0003] After retrieval, as disclosed in a Chinese patent document, a polycarboxylate water reducing agent with high slump retention and its preparation method [Application No.: 202310315164.2; Publication No.: CN116063634B]. This water reducing agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 - 250 parts of EPEG macromonomer, 20 - 30 parts of acrylic acid, 10 - 20 parts of slump retention functional monomer, 0.5 - 0.6 parts of sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate, 3 - 4 parts of hydrogen peroxide, and 0.6 - 0.8 parts of mercaptoacetic acid; the slump retention functional monomer is esterified graphene oxide modified by polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The slumps of the concrete with the polycarboxylate water reducing agent obtained in this application at 0h, 2h, and 4h are at most 260mm, 245mm, and 235mm respectively, having high slump retention performance and improving the slump retention of the polycarboxylate water reducing agent.

[0004] Although the water reducing agent in this patent can improve the slump retention of concrete, this water reducing agent has two main solid raw materials. When it is processed and used, it is not convenient to automatically and orderly add the two solid raw materials to different areas inside the reaction equipment for use, and when preparing the mother agent of the water reducing agent, it is not convenient to uniformly add the defoaming agent during the stirring reaction process, which will affect the quality of the water reducing agent product. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the slump retention and compressive strength of concrete after using the water reducing agent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to address the above problems existing in the prior art and propose a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducing agent. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to further improve the slump retention and compressive strength of the water reducing agent.

[0006] The first object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducing agent includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage bins respectively, and convey them to the reaction cylinder in sequence through the feeding mechanism for reaction;

[0009] S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 150 - 180 °C, stir for 50 - 70 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 130 - 145 °C for 40 - 50 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water-reducing agent mother agent;

[0010] S3: Add graphene oxide into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, add glycerol monostearate for mixing, and stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide;

[0011] S4: Add aqueous ethanol solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, mix with esterified graphene oxide, heat to 360 - 400 °C, stir and react for 20 - 30 min, then cool to obtain the strengthening agent solution;

[0012] S5: Add the water-reducing agent mother agent and the strengthening agent solution into the mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain the water-reducing agent.

[0013] An antifoaming agent needs to be added during the stirring process in step S2.

[0014] The mass ratio of graphene oxide to glycerol monostearate in step S3 is 1:5.

[0015] When removing glycerol in step S3, evaporate the solution to form glycerol vapor, suck the glycerol vapor into the recovery box for cooling crystallization, separate glycerol and water, and store the separated glycerol and water in the filter cavity and the storage cavity respectively for reuse.

[0016] The heating temperature in step S5 is 100 - 120 °C, and the heating time is 30 - 50 min.

[0017] The second object of the present invention is to propose a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water-reducing agent for the above problems existing in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to evenly add an antifoaming agent during the preparation of the water-reducing agent mother agent to improve the processing quality.

[0018] The second object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0019] The equipment used in the steps S1 - S5 is a water - reducing agent preparation device. The water - reducing agent preparation device includes a chassis, on which a storage tank, a feeding mechanism, and a reaction cylinder are fixedly connected. Two feeding pipes and two discharging pipes are fixedly connected to the storage tank. The other end of the discharging pipe is fixedly connected to the feeding end of the feeding mechanism. The discharging end of the feeding mechanism is fixedly connected to two feeding pipes, and the other end of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder. A partition plate is fixedly connected inside the storage tank. The front and rear sides of the partition plate are a first material chamber and a second material chamber respectively. A spring telescopic column is fixedly connected inside the first material chamber. The top end of the spring telescopic column is fixedly connected to a material - supporting plate, and the material - supporting plate is slidably connected to the first material chamber. Automatic discharging mechanisms are arranged on both the discharging pipe and the feeding pipe. A reagent tank is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder. A circular plate is fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder. A partition plate and two first discharging valves are fixedly connected to the circular plate. The front and rear sides of the partition plate are a mother agent mixing chamber and a strengthening agent mixing chamber respectively. A recovery mechanism corresponding to the strengthening agent mixing chamber is arranged on the reaction cylinder. Heating plates are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the partition plate. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the strengthening agent mixing chamber. A plurality of first stirring blades are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. A mixing cylinder and a guiding inclined plate are fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder. A discharging pipe and two feeding pipes are fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder. The discharging pipe corresponds to the guiding inclined plate. A heating block is fixedly connected inside the mixing cylinder. A second discharging valve is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the mixing cylinder. A motor is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the reaction cylinder. The output shaft end of the motor is fixedly connected to a first driving shaft, and the first driving shaft is rotatably connected to the reaction cylinder. A second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first driving shaft. A plurality of second stirring blades are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft, and the second stirring blades are located inside the mixing cylinder. A driving column is rotatably connected inside the mother agent mixing chamber. The driving column and the first rotating shaft are both connected to the first driving shaft through a driving mechanism. A guiding cavity is opened inside the driving column. A plurality of first guiding holes are opened in the guiding cavity. A plurality of guiding columns are rotatably connected inside the guiding cavity, and the plurality of guiding columns correspond to the first guiding holes one by one. Vertical guiding holes and horizontal guiding holes are opened on the guiding columns, and the vertical guiding holes and the horizontal guiding holes are connected. The horizontal guiding holes can be connected to the first guiding holes. Adjacent guiding columns are fixedly connected through connecting rods. The topmost and the lowermost guiding columns are rotatably connected to the driving column through connecting rods respectively. The lowermost connecting rod is connected to the driving column through an adjusting component, and the lowermost connecting rod is fixedly connected to a second driving shaft. A second guiding hole is opened inside the connecting rod. The uppermost second guiding hole is communicated with the reagent tank through a feeding pipe, and the second guiding hole is connected to the vertical guiding hole. A plurality of stirring rods are fixedly connected to the driving column. A collecting cavity and a discharging cavity are opened in each of the plurality of stirring rods. The plurality of collecting cavities correspond to the first guiding holes one by one. The collecting cavity and the discharging cavity are connected through a through - hole. The other side of the discharging cavity is provided with a discharging port. A tension spring is fixedly connected inside the discharging cavity. The other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to a circular block. A through - hole is opened on the circular block. The circular block is fixedly connected to a blocking ball through a connecting column. The circular block and the blocking ball are both slidably connected to the discharging cavity.

[0020] With the above structure, solid HPEG and graphene oxide are respectively placed in the first material chamber and the second material chamber. Initially, the first gates and the second gates at the front side are in the open state, and the first gates and the second gates at the rear side are in the closed state. At this time, the supporting plate is compressed by the gravity of the solid HPEG, and the spring telescopic column moves downward. The feeding mechanism is started to convey the solid HPEG first. The solid HPEG enters the interior of the feeding mechanism through the discharge pipe and is conveyed by it to the feeding pipe at the front side and then enters the mother agent mixing chamber. During the conveying process, since the weight of the solid HPEG is gradually decreasing, the supporting plate slowly moves upward under the action of the spring telescopic column until it moves to the position where the bottom side of the supporting plate is flush with the inner wall of the discharge pipe. Then, it drives the automatic mechanism to close the first gates and the second gates at the front side and open the first gates and the second gates at the rear side, thus ending the feeding of the solid HPEG and starting to convey the graphene oxide to the strengthening agent mixing chamber. When the conveyance of the graphene oxide is completely finished, the feeding mechanism stops working. Hydrogen peroxide is added to the mother agent mixing chamber through the feeding pipe, heated to a certain temperature by the heating plate and stirred for a period of time, then hydroxyacetic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid are added, and heating and stirring are continued. Finally, a sodium hydroxide solution is added for a neutralization reaction to obtain a water reducer mother agent. Monoglyceride stearate is added to the strengthening agent mixing chamber for mixing and stirred evenly, then glycerol is added for dissolution, and the heating plate is used for heating and evaporation to make the glycerol evaporate to form steam, thereby removing the glycerol to obtain esterified graphene oxide. Then, an ethanol aqueous solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are added and mixed with the esterified graphene oxide, heated to a certain temperature and stirred and reacted for a period of time, and then cooled to obtain a strengthening agent solution. At the same time, two first discharging valves are opened, and the water reducer mother agent and the strengthening agent solution are added to the mixing cylinder for mixing, heated by the heating block, stirred by the second stirring blade for a period of time, then evaporated to precipitate solids, and discharged to the guide inclined plate through the second discharging valve, and finally discharged from the reaction cylinder through the discharging pipe to obtain a water reducer;When stirring, the motor drives the first drive shaft to rotate, drives the drive column and the first rotating shaft to rotate through the drive assembly, thereby driving the stirring rod and the first stirring blade to rotate and stir. During the preparation and stirring of the water reducer mother agent, the sum of the pulling force of the tension spring and the solution pressure and the centrifugal force during rotation causes the blocking ball to be located in the discharge cavity for blocking, preventing the solution from entering the inside of the stirring rod. The connecting rod at the bottom drives the drive column to rotate. At this time, the diversion column also rotates 90° to connect the horizontal diversion hole with the first diversion hole and the aggregate cavity. The chemical agent tank transports a certain amount of defoamer to the vertical diversion hole through the feed pipe, and enters the discharge cavity through the horizontal diversion hole, the first diversion hole, the aggregate cavity, and the through hole. At this time, the sum of the liquid pressure and the rotational centrifugal force inside the discharge cavity is greater than the sum of the pulling force of the tension spring and the solution pressure, causing the blocking ball to move to the discharge port, and the defoamer enters the mother agent mixing cavity through the through hole on the round block, so as to achieve the effect of adding defoamer while stirring. When the addition of the defoamer is completed, there is no liquid pressure inside the discharge cavity, and the blocking ball returns to the discharge cavity under the action of the pulling force of the tension spring and the solution pressure to block the material port; through the above principle, when adding raw materials, different raw materials can be orderly and accurately transported into the reaction cylinder for use, and during the preparation of the water reducer mother agent, defoamer can be added while stirring for defoaming treatment, which not only improves the uniformity of the chemical agent addition, but also improves the reaction effect of the chemical agent, thereby improving the production quality of the water reducer mother agent, with simple operation and improved preparation efficiency and product quality.

[0021] The automatic discharging mechanism includes two first gates and two second gates. The first socket is opened on the discharging pipe, and the first gate is slidably connected to the first socket. The second socket is opened on the feeding pipe, and the second gate is slidably connected to the second socket. The front first gate and the second gate, and the rear first gate and the second gate are fixedly connected through L-shaped plates. The bottom side of the material supporting plate is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod, and the L-shaped rod is slidably connected to the storage tank. The bottom end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod, a guiding rod is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod, a hinge seat and a second connecting rod are fixedly connected to the guiding rod. Moving seats are fixedly connected to the two first gates, and sliding grooves are opened on the moving seats. A slider is slidably connected in the front sliding groove. A hinge shaft is rotatably connected to the storage tank, and two spring telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the hinge shaft. The other ends of the two spring telescopic rods are respectively rotatably connected to the slider and the hinge seat. A T-shaped block is slidably connected in the rear sliding groove, and the T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod. An installation groove is opened on the moving seat, and a first spring is fixedly connected in the installation groove. The other end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a round head clamping block, and the round head clamping block is slidably connected to the installation groove. A plurality of hemispherical holes are opened on the storage tank, and the round head clamping block is clamped with the hemispherical holes.

[0022] With the above structure, the solid HPEG and graphene oxide are respectively placed in the first material chamber and the second material chamber. Initially, the first gates and the second gates at the front side are in the open state, and the first gates and the second gates at the rear side are in the closed state. At this time, the material supporting plate is compressed by the gravity of the solid HPEG, and the spring telescopic column moves downward. When the solid HPEG continuously enters the feeding mechanism through the discharge pipe, due to the gradually decreasing weight, the material supporting plate moves upward under the action of the spring telescopic column, and synchronously drives the guide rod upward through the L-shaped rod and the first connecting rod. The guide rod pushes the spring telescopic rod to deflect and be compressed around the hinge shaft, thereby driving the slider to slide downward in the chute. When the spring telescopic rod rotates to the horizontal state and continues to deflect, under the action of its elastic force, the spring telescopic rod quickly elongates, thereby driving the moving seat to move downward quickly through the slider. The round head clamping block is separated from the hemispherical hole, causing the first gate at the front side to move downward, and driving the second gate to move downward simultaneously through the L-shaped plate, blocking the discharge pipe and the feeding pipe. At the same time, the moving seat at the rear side slides upward along the chute under the action of the second connecting rod and the T-shaped block. When the guide rod suddenly moves upward quickly under the action of the spring telescopic rod, the T-shaped block drives the first gate at the rear side to move upward, thereby releasing the blockage of the rear discharge pipe, and driving the second gate at the rear side to move upward simultaneously through the L-shaped plate, releasing the blockage of the feeding pipe, and the graphene oxide in the second material chamber can be conveyed into the strengthening agent mixing chamber for use; through the above principle, during the raw material conveying, the automatic opening and closing of the discharge pipe and the feeding pipe are realized by the change of the raw material gravity, so as to realize the switching of the conveying of various processing raw materials, with simple and orderly operation and high feeding efficiency.

[0023] The driving assembly includes a first gear and two second gears. The two second gears are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the first gear. The first gear meshes with the second gears. A partition frame is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the round plate. A plurality of second driving shafts are rotatably connected in the partition frame. The first gear and the two second gears are fixedly connected to the second driving shafts. The second driving shafts on the two first gears are respectively fixedly connected to the driving column and the first rotating shaft.

[0024] With the above structure, the motor drives the first driving shaft to rotate, and the first driving shaft drives a plurality of second stirring blades to rotate, which can stir the inside of the mixing cylinder. The first driving shaft drives the first gear to rotate through the second driving shaft, thereby driving the two second gears to rotate, and then driving the driving column and the first rotating shaft to rotate respectively through the second driving shaft, thereby driving the stirring rod and the first stirring blade to rotate and stir.

[0025] The adjusting assembly includes a stop block. An arc-shaped groove is formed in the driving column. The lowermost connecting rod is fixedly connected to the stop block. The stop block is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove. Two first support plates are fixedly connected in the material guiding cavity. Two second support plates are fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A second spring is fixedly connected between the first support plate and the second support plate that are relatively far apart.

[0026] With the above structure, the lowermost connecting rod drives the stop block to rotate along the arc-shaped groove. After rotating 90°, the stop block abuts against the arc-shaped groove. The first support plate and the second support plate connected by the second spring approach each other, compressing the second spring, thereby driving the driving column to rotate, so that the horizontal drainage hole communicates with the first drainage hole and the aggregate cavity; when the rotation stops, under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, the first support plate and the second support plate connected together move away from each other, thereby driving the drainage column to rotate and return to the initial position, and the horizontal drainage hole no longer communicates with the first drainage hole.

[0027] The recycling mechanism includes a recycling box. The recycling box is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder. A recycling pipe and a return pipe are fixedly connected to the recycling box. A refrigerating plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recycling box. A filter screen is fixedly connected in the recycling box. A molecular sieve membrane is fixedly connected to the top side of the filter screen. The filter cavity and the storage cavity are respectively above and below the filter screen. The two ends of the recycling pipe respectively extend into the strengthening agent mixing cavity and the filter cavity. The two ends of the return pipe respectively extend into the strengthening agent mixing cavity and the storage cavity.

[0028] With the above structure, after graphene oxide and glycerol monostearate are mixed and stirred evenly, glycerol is added and dissolved for a period of time, and then heated and evaporated using a heating plate to make the glycerol evaporate to form steam. The glycerol steam enters the filter cavity through the recycling pipe, and is cooled and liquefied under the action of the refrigerating plate. The water passes through the molecular sieve membrane and the filter screen and enters the storage cavity. The water in the storage cavity can be sent back to the strengthening agent mixing cavity through the return pipe for repeated use. The glycerol component is intercepted in the filter cavity, thereby realizing oil-water separation. The separated glycerol and water can be reused, improving the utilization rate of resources.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducer has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. By adopting the preparation method of the water reducer of the present invention, the technological steps cooperate with each other. While ensuring the production efficiency, it can improve the slump retention and compressive strength of the water reducer for concrete. At the same time, by adding an antifoaming agent, the generation of foam can be avoided during the preparation process, reducing the formation of bubbles, and thus improving the product quality of the water reducer.

[0031] 2. By using the water reducer preparation device of the present invention, when adding raw materials, different raw materials can be transported to the reaction cylinder in an orderly and accurate manner for use. Moreover, in the preparation process of the water reducer masterbatch, a defoaming agent can be added while stirring to perform defoaming treatment, which not only improves the uniformity of the addition of the agent, but also improves the reaction effect of the agent, thereby improving the production quality of the water reducer masterbatch. The operation is simple, and the preparation efficiency and product quality are both improved.

[0032] 3. Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the first material chamber and the second material chamber respectively. Initially, the first gate and the second gate on the front side are in the open state, and the first gate and the second gate on the rear side are in the closed state. At this time, the support plate is compressed by the gravity of the solid HPEG to move downward by the spring telescopic column. When the solid HPEG continuously enters the feeding mechanism through the discharge pipe, the weight gradually decreases, and the support plate moves upward under the action of the spring telescopic column, and synchronously drives the guide rod to move upward through the L-shaped rod and the first connecting rod. The guide rod pushes the spring telescopic rod to deflect and be compressed around the hinge axis, thereby driving the slider to slide downward in the slide groove. When the spring telescopic rod rotates to a horizontal state and continues to deflect, the spring telescopic rod quickly extends under the action of its elastic force, thereby driving the moving seat to move rapidly downward through the slider, and the circle The head block is separated from the hemispherical hole, so that the first gate on the front side moves downward, and the second gate is driven to move downward at the same time through the L-shaped plate to block the discharge pipe and the feed pipe. At the same time, the movable seat on the rear side slides upward along the slide groove under the action of the second connecting rod and the T-block. When the guide rod suddenly moves upward quickly under the action of the spring telescopic rod, the T-block drives the first gate on the rear side to move upward, thereby releasing the blockage of the discharge pipe on the rear side, and drives the second gate on the rear side to move upward at the same time through the L-shaped plate to release the blockage of the feed pipe, so that the graphene oxide in the second material chamber can be transported to the enhancer mixing chamber for use; through the above principle, when the raw material is transported, the discharge pipe and the feed pipe are automatically opened and closed by the change of the raw material gravity, thereby realizing the switching of the transportation of various processed raw materials, the operation is simple and orderly, and the feeding efficiency is high.

[0033] 4. After graphene oxide and glyceryl monostearate are mixed and stirred evenly, glycerol is added and dissolved for a period of time, and then heated and evaporated using a heating plate to evaporate the glycerol to form steam. The glycerol steam enters the filter chamber through a recovery pipe and is cooled and liquefied under the action of a refrigeration plate. The water enters the storage chamber through a molecular sieve membrane and a filter screen. The water in the storage chamber can be returned to the enhancer mixing chamber through a return pipe for reuse. The glycerol component is filtered and intercepted in the filter chamber, thereby achieving oil-water separation. The separated glycerol and water can be reused to improve resource utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1It is the process flow chart of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is the experimental data graph of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the water reducer preparation device in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 It is the front sectional view of the water reducer preparation device in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 It is the side sectional view of the reaction mechanism in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 It is the internal structure diagram of the storage tank in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 It is the side structure diagram of the automatic feeding mechanism in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 It is the connection diagram of another moving seat and the storage tank in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 It is the sectional view of the stirring and feeding mechanism in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 It is the connection diagram of the stop block and the arc groove in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 It is the connection diagram of the first support plate and the second support plate in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 12 It is Figure 4 The enlarged view of the structure at A in

[0046] Figure 13 It is Figure 7 The enlarged view of the structure at B in

[0047] Figure 14 It is Figure 9 The enlarged view of the structure at C in

[0048] Figure 15 It is Figure 9 The enlarged view of the structure at D in

[0049] In the figure, 1 is the chassis; 2 is the storage bin; 3 is the feed pipe; 4 is the partition board; 401 is the first material cavity; 402 is the second material cavity; 5 is the discharge pipe; 6 is the spring telescopic column; 7 is the material supporting plate; 8 is the L-shaped rod; 81 is the first connecting rod; 9 is the guide rod; 91 is the second connecting rod; 10 is the first gate; 11 is the L-shaped plate; 12 is the second gate; 13 is the feeding mechanism; 14 is the feeding pipe; 15 is the moving seat; 151 is the sliding groove; 152 is the sliding block; 153 is the installation groove; 154 is the first spring; 155 is the round head clamping block; 156 is the hemispherical hole; 16 is the spring telescopic rod; 161 is the hinge shaft; 162 is the hinge seat; 17 is the T-shaped block; 18 is the reaction cylinder; 181 is the feeding pipe; 19 is the discharging pipe; 20 is the recycling box; 201 is the recycling pipe; 202 is the return material pipe; 203 is the refrigeration plate; 204 is the filter screen; 205 is the molecular sieve membrane; 206 is the filter cavity; 207 is the storage cavity; 21 is the round plate; 22 is the partition plate; 221 is the mother agent mixing cavity; 222 is the strengthening agent mixing cavity; 23 is the heating plate; 24 is the driving column; 241 is the arc groove; 25 is the first rotating shaft; 26 is the first stirring blade; 27 is the first discharging valve; 28 is the isolation frame; 29 is the mixing cylinder; 291 is the second discharging valve; 30 is the guiding inclined plate; 31 is the first driving shaft; 32 is the second rotating shaft; 33 is the second stirring blade; 34 is the heating block; 35 is the first gear; 36 is the second gear; 37 is the second driving shaft; 38 is the reagent box; 381 is the feeding pipe; 39 is the motor; 40 is the tension spring; 41 is the guiding cavity; 411 is the first diversion hole; 42 is the diversion column; 421 is the vertical diversion hole; 422 is the horizontal diversion hole; 43 is the connecting rod; 431 is the second diversion hole; 44 is the stirring rod; 441 is the aggregate cavity; 442 is the through hole; 443 is the discharging cavity; 4431 is the discharging port; 45 is the round block; 451 is the through hole; 46 is the blocking ball; 461 is the connecting column; 47 is the stop block; 48 is the first support plate; 49 is the second spring; 50 is the second support plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in combination with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, a preparation method of an environment-friendly and high-efficiency concrete water reducer includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage bin respectively, and sequentially transport them into the reaction cylinder through the feeding mechanism for reaction;

[0054] S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 165 °C, stir for 60 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 140 °C for 45 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water reducing agent mother agent;

[0055] S3: Add graphene oxide into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, add glycerol monostearate for mixing, and stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide;

[0056] S4: Add aqueous ethanol solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, mix with esterified graphene oxide, heat to 380 °C, stir and react for 25 min, then cool to obtain the strengthening agent solution;

[0057] S5: Add the water reducing agent mother agent and the strengthening agent solution into the mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain the water reducing agent.

[0058] Defoaming agent needs to be added during the stirring process in step S2.

[0059] In step S3, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to glycerol monostearate is 1:5.

[0060] In step S3, when removing glycerol, evaporate the solution to form glycerol vapor, suck the glycerol vapor into the recovery tank for cooling crystallization, separate glycerol and water, and store the separated glycerol and water in the filter cavity and storage cavity respectively for reuse.

[0061] The heating temperature in step S5 is 110 °C and the heating time is 40 min.

[0062] The equipment such as the storage tank, feeding mechanism and reaction cylinder used in the preparation method of the water reducing agent in S1 - S5 of this embodiment are all existing processing equipment.

[0063] Example Two

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducing agent includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage tank respectively, and convey them to the reaction cylinder in sequence through the feeding mechanism for reaction;

[0066] S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 165 °C, stir for 60 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 140 °C for 45 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water reducing agent mother agent;

[0067] S3: Add graphene oxide into the reinforcing agent mixing cavity, add glyceryl monostearate for mixing, stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide;

[0068] S4: Add an aqueous ethanol solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate into the reinforcing agent mixing cavity, mix with the esterified graphene oxide, heat to 380 °C, stir and react for 25 min, then cool to obtain a reinforcing agent solution;

[0069] S5: Add the water-reducing agent mother agent and the reinforcing agent solution into the mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain a water-reducing agent.

[0070] An antifoaming agent needs to be added during the stirring process in step S2.

[0071] In step S3, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to glyceryl monostearate is 1:5.

[0072] In step S3, when removing glycerol, evaporate the solution to form glycerol vapor, suck the glycerol vapor into the recovery box for cooling crystallization, separate glycerol and water, and store the separated glycerol and water in the filter cavity and the storage cavity respectively for reuse.

[0073] The heating temperature in step S5 is 110 °C and the heating time is 40 min.

[0074] Such as Figures 3 - 15As shown, the equipment used in steps S1 - S5 is a water - reducing agent preparation device. The water - reducing agent preparation device includes a chassis 1. Fixedly connected to the chassis 1 are a storage tank 2, a feeding mechanism 13, and a reaction cylinder 18. Fixedly connected to the storage tank 2 are two feeding pipes 3 and two discharging pipes 5. The other end of the discharging pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the feeding end of the feeding mechanism 13. The discharging end of the feeding mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to two feeding pipes 14. The other end of the feeding pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder 18. Fixedly connected inside the storage tank 2 is a partition plate 4. The front and rear sides of the partition plate 4 are respectively a first material chamber 401 and a second material chamber 402. Fixedly connected inside the first material chamber 401 is a spring telescopic column 6. The top end of the spring telescopic column 6 is fixedly connected to a material supporting plate 7. The material supporting plate 7 is slidably connected to the first material chamber 401. Automatic discharging mechanisms are provided on both the discharging pipe 5 and the feeding pipe 14. Fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder 18 is a reagent tank 38. Fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder 18 is a circular plate 21. Fixedly connected to the circular plate 21 are a partition plate 22 and two first discharge valves 27. The front and rear sides of the partition plate 22 are respectively a mother agent mixing chamber 221 and a strengthening agent mixing chamber 222. A recycling mechanism corresponding to the strengthening agent mixing chamber 222 is provided on the reaction cylinder 18. Heating plates 23 are fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the partition plate 22. Rotatably connected inside the strengthening agent mixing chamber 222 is a first rotating shaft 25. Fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 25 are a plurality of first stirring blades 26. Fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder 18 are a mixing cylinder 29 and a guiding inclined plate 30. Fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder 18 are a discharging pipe 19 and two feeding pipes 181. The discharging pipe 19 corresponds to the guiding inclined plate 30. Fixedly connected inside the mixing cylinder 29 is a heating block 34. Fixedly connected to the bottom side of the mixing cylinder 29 is a second discharge valve 291. Fixedly connected to the bottom side of the reaction cylinder 18 is a motor 39. The output shaft end of the motor 39 is fixedly connected to a first driving shaft 31. The first driving shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the reaction cylinder 18. Fixedly connected to the first driving shaft 31 is a second rotating shaft 32. Fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 32 are a plurality of second stirring blades 33. The second stirring blades 33 are located inside the mixing cylinder 29. Rotatably connected inside the mother agent mixing chamber 221 is a driving column 24. The driving column 24 and the first rotating shaft 25 are both connected to the first driving shaft 31 through a driving mechanism. A guiding cavity 41 is opened inside the driving column 24. A plurality of first guiding holes 411 are opened inside the guiding cavity 41. Rotatably connected inside the guiding cavity 41 are a plurality of guiding columns 42. The plurality of guiding columns 42 correspond to the first guiding holes 411 one by one. Vertical guiding holes 421 and horizontal guiding holes 422 are opened on the guiding columns 42. The vertical guiding holes 421 and the horizontal guiding holes 422 are connected. The horizontal guiding holes 422 can be connected to the first guiding holes 411. Adjacent guiding columns 42 are fixedly connected through a connecting rod 43. The top - most and bottom - most guiding columns 42 are rotatably connected to the driving column 24 through a connecting rod 43. The bottom - most connecting rod 43 is connected to the driving column 24 through an adjusting component. The bottom - most connecting rod 43 is fixedly connected to a second driving shaft 37. A second guiding hole 431 is opened inside the connecting rod 43.The second diversion hole 431 at the uppermost part is communicated with the reagent tank 38 through the feeding pipe 381. The second diversion hole 431 is communicated with the vertical diversion hole 421. A plurality of stirring rods 44 are fixedly connected to the driving column 24. Aggregate cavities 441 and discharge cavities 443 are formed in each of the plurality of stirring rods 44. The plurality of aggregate cavities 441 correspond to the first diversion holes 411 one by one. The aggregate cavity 441 and the discharge cavity 443 are communicated through a through hole 442. A discharge port 4431 is formed on the other side of the discharge cavity 443. A tension spring 40 is fixedly connected in the discharge cavity 443. The other end of the tension spring 40 is fixedly connected to a round block 45. A through hole 451 is formed in the round block 45. The round block 45 is fixedly connected to a blocking ball 46 through a connecting column 461. The round block 45 and the blocking ball 46 are both slidably connected to the discharge cavity 443. In this embodiment, solid HPEG and graphene oxide are respectively placed in the first material cavity 401 and the second material cavity 402. Initially, the front first gate 10 and the second gate 12 are in the open state, and the rear first gate 10 and the second gate 12 are in the closed state. At this time, the supporting plate 7 is compressed by the gravity of the solid HPEG and moves the spring telescopic column 6 downward. The feeding mechanism 13 is started to first convey the solid HPEG. The solid HPEG enters the interior of the feeding mechanism 13 through the discharge pipe 5 and is conveyed by it to the front feeding pipe 14 and then into the mother agent mixing cavity 221. During the conveying process, since the weight of the solid HPEG is gradually decreasing, the supporting plate 7 slowly moves upward under the action of the compressed spring telescopic column 6 until it moves to the position where the bottom side of the supporting plate 7 is flush with the inner wall of the discharge pipe 5, and then drives the automatic mechanism to close the front first gate 10 and the second gate 12, and the rear first gate 10 and the second gate 12 are opened, thus ending the feeding of the solid HPEG and starting to convey the graphene oxide into the intensifier mixing cavity 222. When the conveyance of the graphene oxide is completed, the feeding mechanism 13 stops working. Hydrogen peroxide is added to the mother agent mixing cavity 221 through the feeding pipe 181, heated to a certain temperature by the heating plate 23 and stirred for a period of time, then glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid are added, and heating and stirring are continued. Finally, a sodium hydroxide solution is added for a neutralization reaction to obtain a water reducer mother agent. Monoglyceride stearate is added to the intensifier mixing cavity 222 for mixing and stirred evenly, then glycerol is added for dissolution, and the heating plate 23 is used for heating and evaporation to make the glycerol evaporate to form steam, thereby removing the glycerol to obtain esterified graphene oxide. Then ethanol aqueous solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate are added and mixed with the esterified graphene oxide, heated to a certain temperature and stirred and reacted for a period of time, and then cooled to obtain an intensifier solution. At the same time, two first discharge valves 27 are opened, and the water reducer mother agent and the intensifier solution are added to the mixing cylinder 29 for mixing, heated by the heating block 34, stirred by the second stirring blade 33 for a period of time, then evaporated to precipitate solids, and discharged onto the guide inclined plate 30 through the second discharge valve 291, and finally discharged from the reaction cylinder 18 through the discharge pipe 19 to obtain a water reducer; when stirring,The motor 39 drives the first drive shaft 31 to rotate, drives the drive column 24 and the first rotating shaft 25 to rotate through the drive assembly, thereby driving the stirring rod 24 and the first stirring blade 26 to rotate and stir. During the preparation and stirring of the water reducing agent mother agent, the sum of the pulling force of the tension spring 40 and the solution pressure and the centrifugal force during rotation causes the blocking ball 46 to be blocked in the discharge cavity 443 to prevent the solution from entering the inside of the stirring rod 44. The lowermost connecting rod 43 drives the drive column 24 to rotate. At this time, the diversion column 42 also rotates by 90° to connect the transverse diversion hole 422 with the first diversion hole 411 and the aggregate cavity 441. The medicine box 38 conveys a certain amount of defoamer to the vertical diversion hole 421 through the feed pipe 381, and enters the discharge cavity 443 through the transverse diversion hole 422, the first diversion hole 411, the aggregate cavity 441, and the through hole 442. At this time, the sum of the liquid pressure and the rotational centrifugal force inside the discharge cavity 443 is greater than the sum of the pulling force of the tension spring 40 and the solution pressure, causing the blocking ball 46 to move to the discharge port 4431, and the defoamer enters the mother agent mixing cavity 221 through the through hole 451 on the round block 45, thereby achieving the effect of adding defoamer while stirring. When the addition of the defoamer is completed, there is no liquid pressure inside the discharge cavity 443, and the blocking ball 46 returns to the discharge cavity 443 under the action of the pulling force of the tension spring 40 and the solution pressure to block the material port 4431; through the above principle, when adding raw materials, different raw materials can be orderly and accurately conveyed into the reaction cylinder for use, and during the preparation of the water reducing agent mother agent, defoamer can be added while stirring for defoaming treatment, which not only improves the uniformity of the medicine addition, but also improves the reaction effect of the medicine, thereby improving the production quality of the water reducing agent mother agent, with simple operation and improved preparation efficiency and product quality.

[0075] The automatic feeding mechanism includes two first gates 10 and two second gates 12. A first socket is provided on the discharge pipe 5, and the first gate 10 is slidably connected to the first socket. A second socket is provided on the feeding pipe 14, and the second gate 12 is slidably connected to the second socket. The front first gate 10 and the second gate 12, as well as the rear first gate 10 and the second gate 12, are fixedly connected by an L-shaped plate 11. An L-shaped rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the material supporting plate 7, and the L-shaped rod 8 is slidably connected to the storage box 2. A first connecting rod 81 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the L-shaped rod 8. A guide rod 9 is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod 81. A hinge seat 162 and a second connecting rod 91 are fixedly connected to the guide rod 9. A moving seat 15 is fixedly connected to the two first gates 10. A chute 151 is provided on the moving seat 15. A slider 152 is slidably connected to the front chute 151. A hinge shaft 161 is rotatably connected to the storage box 2. Two spring telescopic rods 16 are fixedly connected to the hinge shaft 161. The other ends of the two spring telescopic rods 16 are respectively rotatably connected to the slider 152 and the hinge seat 162. A T-shaped block 17 is slidably connected to the rear chute 151. The T-shaped block 17 is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod 91. An installation groove 153 is provided on the moving seat 15. A first spring 154 is fixedly connected to the installation groove 153. The other end of the first spring 154 is fixedly connected to a round head clamping block 155. The round head clamping block 155 is slidably connected to the installation groove 153. A plurality of hemispherical holes 156 are provided on the storage box 2. The round head clamping block 155 is clamped with the hemispherical holes 156. In this embodiment, solid HPEG and graphene oxide are respectively placed in the first material cavity 401 and the second material cavity 402. Initially, the front first gate 10 and the second gate 12 are in the open state, and the rear first gate 10 and the second gate 12 are in the closed state. At this time, the material supporting plate 7 is affected by the gravity of the solid HPEG and compresses the spring telescopic column 6 to move downward. When the solid HPEG continuously enters the feeding mechanism 13 through the discharge pipe 5, due to the gradually decreasing weight, the material supporting plate 7 moves upward under the action of the spring telescopic column 6, and synchronously drives the guide rod 9 to move upward through the L-shaped rod 8 and the first connecting rod 81. The guide rod 9 pushes the spring telescopic rod 16 to deflect and be compressed with the hinge shaft 161 as the center, thereby driving the slider 152 to slide downward in the chute 151. When the spring telescopic rod 16 rotates to the horizontal state and continues to deflect, under the action of its elastic force, the spring telescopic rod 16 quickly elongates, thereby driving the moving seat 15 to quickly move downward through the slider 152. The round head clamping block 155 is separated from the hemispherical holes 156, so that the front first gate 10 moves downward, and drives the second gate 12 to move downward simultaneously through the L-shaped plate 11, blocking the discharge pipe 5 and the feeding pipe 14. At the same time, the rear moving seat 15 slides upward along the chute 151 under the action of the second connecting rod 91 and the T-shaped block 17. When the guide rod 9 suddenly moves upward quickly under the action of the spring telescopic rod 16, the T-shaped block 17 drives the rear first gate 10 to move upward.Thereby, the blocking of the rear discharge pipe 5 is released, and the L-shaped plate 11 drives the second rear gate 12 to move upward simultaneously, releasing the blocking of the feeding pipe 14, and the graphene oxide in the second material chamber 402 can be transported to the strengthening agent mixing chamber for use. According to the above principle, during the raw material transportation, the automatic opening and closing of the discharge pipe 5 and the feeding pipe 14 are realized by the change of the raw material gravity, so as to realize the switching of the transportation of various processing raw materials. The operation is simple and orderly, and the feeding efficiency is high.

[0076] The driving assembly includes a first gear 35 and two second gears 36. The two second gears 36 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the first gear 35. The first gear 35 meshes with the second gears 36. A partition frame 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the circular plate 21. A plurality of second drive shafts 37 are rotatably connected in the partition frame 28. The first gear 35 and the two second gears 36 are fixedly connected to the second drive shafts 37. The second drive shafts 37 on the two first gears 35 are respectively fixedly connected to the drive column 24 and the first rotating shaft 25. In this embodiment, the motor 39 drives the first drive shaft 31 to rotate. The first drive shaft 31 drives a plurality of second stirring blades 33 to rotate, and the inside of the mixing cylinder 29 can be stirred. The first drive shaft 31 drives the first gear 35 to rotate through the second drive shaft 37, thereby driving the two second gears 36 to rotate, and then driving the drive column 24 and the first rotating shaft 25 to rotate respectively through the second drive shafts 37, so as to drive the stirring rod 24 and the first stirring blade 26 to rotate and stir.

[0077] The adjusting assembly includes a stopper 47. An arc-shaped groove 241 is formed in the drive column 24. The lowermost connecting rod 43 is fixedly connected to the stopper 47. The stopper 47 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove 241. Two first support plates 48 are fixedly connected in the material guiding cavity 41. Two second support plates 50 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 43. A second spring 49 is fixedly connected between the first support plate 48 and the second support plate 50 that are relatively far apart. In this embodiment, the lowermost connecting rod 43 drives the stopper 47 to rotate along the arc-shaped groove 241. After rotating 90°, the stopper 47 abuts against the arc-shaped groove 241. The first support plate 48 and the second support plate 50 connected by the second spring 49 approach each other, compressing the second spring 49, thereby driving the drive column 24 to rotate, so that the horizontal drainage hole 422 communicates with the first drainage hole 411 and the aggregate cavity 441. When the rotation stops, under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 49, the first support plate 48 and the second support plate 50 connected together move away from each other, thereby driving the drainage column 42 to rotate and return to the initial position, and the horizontal drainage hole 422 no longer communicates with the first drainage hole 411.

[0078] The recycling mechanism includes a recycling bin 20, which is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder 18. A recycling pipe 201 and a return pipe 202 are fixedly connected to the recycling bin 20. A refrigeration plate 203 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recycling bin 20. A filter screen 204 is fixedly connected inside the recycling bin 20. A molecular sieve membrane 205 is fixedly connected to the top side of the filter screen 204. The upper and lower sides of the filter screen 204 are a filter cavity 206 and a storage cavity 207 respectively. The two ends of the recycling pipe 201 respectively extend into the intensifier mixing cavity 222 and the filter cavity 206. The two ends of the return pipe 202 respectively extend into the intensifier mixing cavity 222 and the storage cavity 207. In this embodiment, after graphene oxide and glycerol monostearate are mixed and stirred evenly, glycerol is added and dissolved for a period of time, and then heated and evaporated using the heating plate 23 to form glycerol vapor. The glycerol vapor enters the filter cavity 206 through the recycling pipe 201, and is cooled and liquefied under the action of the refrigeration plate 203. The water passes through the molecular sieve membrane 205 and the filter screen 204 and enters the storage cavity 207. The water in the storage cavity 207 can be sent back to the intensifier mixing cavity 222 through the return pipe 202 for reuse. The glycerol component is intercepted in the filter cavity 206, thus realizing oil-water separation. The separated glycerol and water can be reused to improve the utilization rate of resources.

[0079] Embodiment 3

[0080] As Figure 1 shown, a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducer includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage bins respectively, and sequentially transport them into the reaction cylinder through the feeding mechanism for reaction;

[0082] S2: Add HPEG to the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 150 °C, stir for 70 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 130 °C for 50 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water reducer mother agent;

[0083] S3: Add graphene oxide to the intensifier mixing cavity, add glycerol monostearate for mixing, stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide;

[0084] S4: Add an ethanol aqueous solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate to the intensifier mixing cavity, mix with the esterified graphene oxide, heat to 360 °C and stir for 30 min, then cool to obtain the intensifier solution;

[0085] S5: Add the water reducer mother agent and the intensifier solution to the mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain the water reducer.

[0086] During the stirring process in step S2, an antifoaming agent needs to be added.

[0087] In step S3, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to glycerol monostearate is 1:5.

[0088] In step S3, when removing glycerol, the solution is evaporated to form glycerol vapor, and the glycerol vapor is sucked into a recovery tank for cooling crystallization to separate glycerol and water. The separated glycerol and water are stored in a filter chamber and a storage chamber respectively for reuse.

[0089] In step S5, the heating temperature is 100 °C and the heating time is 50 min.

[0090] The preparation device used in the preparation method of the water reducer in steps S1 - S5 of this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 2, except for the process conditions.

[0091] Embodiment 4

[0092] As Figure 1 shown, a preparation method of an environmentally friendly and efficient concrete water reducer includes the following steps:

[0093] S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into a storage tank respectively, and sequentially transport them into a reaction cylinder through a feeding mechanism for reaction;

[0094] S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing chamber, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 180 °C, stir for 50 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 145 °C for 40 min, and finally add a sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain a water reducer mother agent;

[0095] S3: Add graphene oxide into the strengthening agent mixing chamber, add glycerol monostearate for mixing, stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide;

[0096] S4: Add an ethanol aqueous solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate into the strengthening agent mixing chamber, mix with the esterified graphene oxide, heat to 400 °C, stir and react for 20 min, then cool to obtain a strengthening agent solution;

[0097] S5: Add the water reducer mother agent and the strengthening agent solution into a mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain a water reducer.

[0098] During the stirring process in step S2, an antifoaming agent needs to be added.

[0099] In step S3, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to glycerol monostearate is 1:5.

[0100] In step S3, when removing glycerol, the solution is evaporated to form glycerol vapor, and the glycerol vapor is sucked into a recovery tank for cooling crystallization to separate glycerol and water. The separated glycerol and water are stored in a filter chamber and a storage chamber respectively for reuse.

[0101] The heating temperature in step S5 is 120 °C and the heating time is 30 min.

[0102] The preparation device used in the preparation method of the water reducer in this embodiment S1 - S5 is the same as that in Embodiment 2, and the difference lies in the process conditions.

[0103] Experimental Example

[0104] The water reducers prepared in Examples 1 - 4 were added to concrete, and the slump and compressive strength were detected using the detection methods and standards of GB / T50081 - 2016 "Standard Test Method for Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete". The performance detection index comparison table is as follows:

[0105] Slump retention at 0 h Slump retention at 3 h Slump retention at 6 h Compressive strength at 7 d Compressive strength at 28 d Example 1 220 205 185 31.2 48.1 Example 2 200 190 175 32.1 48.9 Example 3 215 201 182 31.5 48.3 Example 4 208 195 179 31.8 48.6

[0106] According to the test data in the above table, it can be seen that only the preparation equipment is different between Example 1 and Example 2. The slump of the concrete mixed with the water reducer prepared in Example 2 is significantly smaller than that of the water reducer prepared in Example 1, and the compressive strength of the concrete mixed with the water reducer prepared in Example 2 is significantly higher than that of the water reducer prepared in Example 1. Therefore, by using the water reducer preparation device in the present invention, the prepared water reducer can effectively improve the slump resistance and compressive performance of concrete when acting on concrete.

[0107] Compared with Example 2, in Example 3 and Example 4, only the process conditions such as temperature and time during preparation are different, and the equipment used in the production steps is the same. The slump of the concrete mixed with the water reducers prepared in Example 3 and Example 4 is higher than that of the water reducer prepared in Example 2, and the compressive strength of the concrete mixed with the water reducers prepared in Example 3 and Example 4 is lower than that of the water reducer prepared in Example 2. From this, it can be seen that different process conditions such as the temperature and time of hot pressing will also affect the performance of the water reducer.

[0108] By using the preparation method of the water reducer of the present invention, the process steps cooperate with each other. While ensuring the production efficiency, it can improve the slump retention and compressive strength of the water reducer for concrete. At the same time, by adding an antifoaming agent, the generation of foam can be avoided during the preparation process, the formation of bubbles can be reduced, and thus the product quality of the water reducer can be improved.

[0109] When using the water reducer preparation device of the present invention, when adding raw materials, different raw materials can be orderly and accurately transported into the reaction cylinder for use. Moreover, during the preparation process of the water reducer mother agent, an antifoaming agent can be added while stirring for defoaming treatment, which not only improves the uniformity of the agent addition but also improves the reaction effect of the agent, thereby improving the production quality of the water reducer mother agent. The operation is simple, and both the preparation efficiency and the product quality are improved.

[0110] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to substitute, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer, comprising the following steps: S1: Put solid HPEG and graphene oxide into the storage bins respectively, and convey them into the reaction cylinder in sequence through the feeding mechanism for reaction; S2: Add HPEG into the mother agent mixing cavity, add hydrogen peroxide, heat to 150 - 180 °C, stir for 50 - 70 min, then add glycolic acid, ascorbic acid and acrylic acid, stir at 130 - 145 °C for 40 - 50 min, and finally add sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization reaction to obtain the water reducing agent mother agent; S3: Add graphene oxide into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, add glycerol monostearate for mixing, and stir evenly, then add glycerol for dissolution, remove glycerol, wash and dry to obtain esterified graphene oxide; S4: Add ethanol aqueous solution and polyethylene glycol diacrylate into the strengthening agent mixing cavity, mix with esterified graphene oxide, heat to 360 - 400 °C, stir and react for 20 - 30 min, then cool to obtain the strengthening agent solution; S5: Add the water reducing agent mother agent and the strengthening agent solution into the mixing cylinder for mixing, heat and stir, evaporate and precipitate solids, and discharge them from the reaction cylinder to obtain the water reducing agent; The equipment used in the steps S1-S5 is a water reducer preparation device. The water reducer preparation device includes a chassis (1), on which a storage tank (2), a feeding mechanism (13) and a reaction cylinder (18) are fixedly connected. Two feeding pipes (3) and two discharging pipes (5) are fixedly connected to the storage tank (2). The other end of the discharging pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the feeding end of the feeding mechanism (13). The discharging end of the feeding mechanism (13) is fixedly connected with two feeding pipes (14), and the other end of the feeding pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder (18). A partition plate (4) is fixedly connected inside the storage tank (2). The front and back sides of the partition plate (4) are the first material chamber (401) and the second material chamber (402) respectively. A spring telescopic column (6) is fixedly connected inside the first material chamber (401). The top end of the spring telescopic column (6) is fixedly connected with a material supporting plate (7), and the material supporting plate (7) is slidably connected with the first material chamber (401). Automatic discharging mechanisms are arranged on both the discharging pipe (5) and the feeding pipe (14). A medicament box (38) is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder (18). A circular plate (21) is fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder (18). A partition plate (22) and two first discharging valves (27) are fixedly connected to the circular plate (21). The front and back sides of the partition plate (22) are the mother agent mixing chamber (221) and the intensifier mixing chamber (222) respectively. A recovery mechanism corresponding to the intensifier mixing chamber (222) is arranged on the reaction cylinder (18). Heating plates (23) are fixedly connected to both the front and back sides of the partition plate (22). A first rotating shaft (25) is rotatably connected inside the intensifier mixing chamber (222). A plurality of first stirring blades (26) are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (25). A mixing cylinder (29) and a guiding inclined plate (30) are fixedly connected inside the reaction cylinder (18). A discharging pipe (19) and two feeding pipes (181) are fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder (18).The discharging pipe (19) corresponds to the material guiding inclined plate (30). A heating block (34) is fixedly connected inside the mixing cylinder (29). A second discharging valve (291) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the mixing cylinder (29). A motor (39) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the reaction cylinder (18). The output shaft end of the motor (39) is fixedly connected to a first driving shaft (31). The first driving shaft (31) is rotationally connected to the reaction cylinder (18). A second rotating shaft (32) is fixedly connected to the first driving shaft (31). A plurality of second stirring blades (33) are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (32). The second stirring blades (33) are located inside the mixing cylinder (29). A driving column (24) is rotationally connected inside the mother agent mixing chamber (221). The driving column (24) and the first rotating shaft (25) are both connected to the first driving shaft (31) through a driving mechanism. A material guiding cavity (41) is formed inside the driving column (24). A plurality of first diversion holes (411) are formed in the material guiding cavity (41). A plurality of diversion columns (42) are rotationally connected inside the material guiding cavity (41). The plurality of diversion columns (42) correspond to the first diversion holes (411) one by one. Vertical diversion holes (421) and horizontal diversion holes (422) are formed in the diversion columns (42). The vertical diversion holes (421) and the horizontal diversion holes (422) are communicated with each other. The horizontal diversion holes (422) can be communicated with the first diversion holes (411). Adjacent diversion columns (42) are fixedly connected to each other through a connecting rod (43). The topmost and bottommost diversion columns (42) are rotationally connected to the driving column (24) through the connecting rod (43). The bottommost connecting rod (43) is connected to the driving column (24) through an adjusting component. The bottommost connecting rod (43) is fixedly connected to the second driving shaft (37). A second diversion hole (431) is formed in the connecting rod (43). The topmost second diversion hole (431) is communicated with the reagent tank (38) through a feeding pipe (381). The second diversion hole (431) is communicated with the vertical diversion hole (421). A plurality of stirring rods (44) are fixedly connected to the driving column (24). Aggregate cavities (441) and discharging cavities (443) are formed in the plurality of stirring rods (44). The plurality of aggregate cavities (441) correspond to the first diversion holes (411) one by one. The aggregate cavities (441) and the discharging cavities (443) are communicated with each other through through holes (442). A discharging port (4431) is formed on the other side of the discharging cavity (443). A tension spring (40) is fixedly connected inside the discharging cavity (443). The other end of the tension spring (40) is fixedly connected to a round block (45). A through hole (451) is formed in the round block (45). The round block (45) is fixedly connected to a blocking ball (46) through a connecting column (461). The round block (45) and the blocking ball (46) are both slidably connected to the discharging cavity (443);, The adjusting assembly includes a stop block (47). An arc-shaped groove (241) is formed in the driving column (24). The lowermost connecting rod (43) is fixedly connected to the stop block (47). The stop block (47) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped groove (241). Two first support plates (48) are fixedly connected in the material guiding cavity (41). Two second support plates (50) are fixedly connected to the connecting rod (43). A second spring (49) is fixedly connected between the first support plate (48) and the second support plate (50) with a relatively large distance therebetween.

2. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, An antifoaming agent needs to be added during the stirring process in step S2.

3. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the mass ratio of graphene oxide to glycerol monostearate is 1:

5.

4. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, When removing glycerol in step S3, evaporate the solution to form glycerol vapor, suck the glycerol vapor into the recovery box for cooling crystallization, separate glycerol and water, and store the separated glycerol and water in the filter cavity and the storage cavity respectively for reuse.

5. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, In step S5, the heating temperature is 100 - 120 °C and the heating time is 30 - 50 min.

6. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, The automatic feeding mechanism includes two first gates (10) and two second gates (12). A first socket is formed on the discharge pipe (5), and the first gate (10) is slidably connected to the first socket. A second socket is formed on the feeding pipe (14), and the second gate (12) is slidably connected to the second socket. The front first gate (10) and the second gate (12), and the rear first gate (10) and the second gate (12) are fixedly connected by an L-shaped plate (11). The bottom side of the material supporting plate (7) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod (8), and the L-shaped rod (8) is slidably connected to the storage box (2). The bottom end of the L-shaped rod (8) is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod (81), a guide rod (9) is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod (81), a hinge seat (162) and a second connecting rod (91) are fixedly connected to the guide rod (9). Moving seats (15) are fixedly connected to the two first gates (10), a chute (151) is formed on the moving seat (15), a slider (152) is slidably connected to the front chute (151), a hinge shaft (161) is rotatably connected to the storage box (2), two spring telescopic rods (16) are fixedly connected to the hinge shaft (161), and the other ends of the two spring telescopic rods (16) are respectively rotatably connected to the slider (152) and the hinge seat (162). A T-shaped block (17) is slidably connected to the rear chute (151), and the T-shaped block (17) is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod (91). An installation groove (153) is formed on the moving seat (15), a first spring (154) is fixedly connected to the installation groove (153), the other end of the first spring (154) is fixedly connected with a round head clamping block (155), the round head clamping block (155) is slidably connected to the installation groove (153), a plurality of hemispherical holes (156) are formed on the storage box (2), and the round head clamping block (155) is clamped with the hemispherical holes (156).

7. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism includes a first gear (35) and two second gears (36). The two second gears (36) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the first gear (35), and the first gear (35) meshes with the second gears (36). An isolation frame (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the circular plate (21), and a plurality of second driving shafts (37) are rotatably connected to the isolation frame (28). The first gear (35) and the two second gears (36) are fixedly connected to the second driving shafts (37). The second driving shafts (37) on the two first gears (35) are respectively fixedly connected to the driving column (24) and the first rotating shaft (25).

8. The preparation method of an environmentally friendly and highly efficient concrete water reducer according to claim 1, wherein, The recycling mechanism includes a recycling box (20), the recycling box (20) is fixedly connected to the reaction cylinder (18), a recycling pipe (201) and a return pipe (202) are fixedly connected to the recycling box (20), a refrigeration plate (203) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recycling box (20), a filter screen (204) is fixedly connected inside the recycling box (20), a molecular sieve membrane (205) is fixedly connected to the top side of the filter screen (204), the filter cavity (206) and the storage cavity (207) are respectively above and below the filter screen (204), both ends of the recycling pipe (201) respectively extend into the intensifier mixing cavity (222) and the filter cavity (206), and both ends of the return pipe (202) respectively extend into the intensifier mixing cavity (222) and the storage cavity (207).

Images