Close-range coal seam separate mining and separate transportation entry cutting method
By using a close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method, the coal seam and gangue layer are separated by the front and rear cutting drums of the coal mining machine. This solves the problems of high transportation costs and pressure on the coal preparation plant caused by simultaneous coal and gangue mining, and achieves efficient separation of coal and gangue.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAI ENERGY CO LTD UNDER CHN ENERGY
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies involve the simultaneous mining of coal and gangue, which leads to high transportation costs and increased pressure on coal washing plants.
The method of separate mining and transportation of coal seams is adopted, which uses the front and rear cutting drums of the coal mining machine to cut the coal seam and gangue layer respectively. By adjusting the height of the drums and moving the coal mining machine, the coal seam and gangue layer are separated and cut, reducing the number of transportation and operation steps.
It reduces the transportation costs of coal and gangue mining, decreases the proportion of gangue in coal, reduces the coal washing pressure on coal preparation plants, and improves cutting efficiency and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN117108284B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal seam mining and transportation technology, and more specifically, to a method for short-distance coal seam mining and transportation cutting. Background Technology
[0002] The increasing demand for coal mining has led to an increase in the production of associated minerals such as coal gangue, especially when mining faces containing interbedded gangue, a large amount of gangue is mixed in.
[0003] In related technologies, coal and gangue are mined together, and after the coal and gangue are extracted at one time, they are separated in a coal preparation plant.
[0004] However, the use of coal and gangue mining in related technologies requires transporting coal and gangue together, which increases the transportation cost of gangue and the coal washing pressure on coal preparation plants. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a method for separate mining and transportation of coal seams at close range, in order to solve the problems of high transportation costs and increased coal washing pressure in coal preparation plants caused by the simultaneous mining of coal and gangue in related technologies.
[0006] This invention provides a method for advancing and mining a coal seam at close range. The working face includes a first coal seam and a second coal seam arranged vertically, and a gangue layer sandwiched between the first and second coal seams. The thickness of the first coal seam is greater than that of the second coal seam. The coal mining machine has a front cutting drum and a rear cutting drum. The diameter of the front cutting drum is less than or equal to the thickness of the first coal seam, and the diameter of the rear cutting drum is less than or equal to the thickness of the second coal seam, and the diameter of the rear cutting drum is smaller than that of the front cutting drum. The method for advancing and mining a coal seam at close range includes: the coal mining machine advancing obliquely forward until the front cutting drum completely cuts into the first coal seam and the rear cutting drum completely cuts into the second coal seam; and then moving the coal mining machine backward to the working face. At the rear end of the working face, the triangular coal seam area is cut; the height of the rear cutting drum is adjusted so that it corresponds to the first coal seam; the coal mining machine is moved back and forth and the height of the rear cutting drum is adjusted, and the rear cutting drum is used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area is cut off; the rear cutting drum is reset to the height corresponding to the second coal seam, and the coal mining machine is moved forward to the front end of the working face, and the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum are used to cut the first coal seam and the second coal seam respectively; the height of the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum are adjusted so that both the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum correspond to the gangue layer, the coal mining machine is moved, and the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum are used to cut the gangue layer until the gangue layer is cut off.
[0007] Further, adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum so that it corresponds to the first coal seam, moving the coal mining machine back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area until the triangular coal seam area is cut completely includes the following steps: moving the rear cutting drum vertically to the upper layer of the first coal seam, moving the coal mining machine forward by one step, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area; repeatedly performing the step of cutting the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area is cut completely; moving the rear cutting drum downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting drum, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area.
[0008] Furthermore, the diameter of the front cutting drum is larger than the thickness of the gangue layer, and the diameter of the rear cutting drum is smaller than the thickness of the gangue layer. The steps of adjusting the height of the front and rear cutting drums of the coal mining machine so that they correspond to the gangue layer and driving the coal mining machine to move backward to cut the gangue layer until the gangue layer is completely cut include: adjusting the height of the front and rear cutting drums of the coal mining machine so that they correspond to the gangue layer, moving the coal mining machine backward to the rear end of the working face, and using the front and rear cutting drums to cut the gangue layer; moving the coal mining machine back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer until the remaining part of the gangue layer is completely cut.
[0009] Further, the steps of moving the coal mining machine back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer until the remaining part of the gangue layer is cut off include: moving the rear cutting drum up and down to the upper layer of the remaining part of the gangue layer, moving the coal mining machine forward by one step, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer; repeatedly performing the steps of cutting the remaining part of the gangue layer until the remaining part of the gangue layer is cut off; moving the rear cutting drum downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting drum, and using the rear cutting drum to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer.
[0010] Further, the heights of the front and rear cutting drums of the coal mining machine are adjusted so that they correspond to the gangue layer. The coal mining machine is then moved to the rear end of the working face. The steps of cutting the gangue layer using the front and rear cutting drums include: cutting the rear cutting drum into the upper layer of the gangue layer in the vertical direction until the edge of the rear cutting drum is tangent to the edge of the gangue layer away from the second coal seam; moving the front cutting drum in the vertical direction to the second coal seam; and moving the coal mining machine to the rear end of the working face to cut the gangue layer using the front and rear cutting drums.
[0011] Furthermore, the coal mining machine is movably mounted on the moving guide rail. After the gangue layer cutting is completed, the close-range coal seam mining and transportation method further includes: pushing the portion of the moving guide rail located in front of the coal mining machine to the current working face. The moving guide rail includes a first parallel section, a second parallel section, and an inclined section. The first parallel section is located behind the coal mining machine, and the inclined section and the second parallel section are both located in front of the coal mining machine. Both the first parallel section and the second parallel section are parallel to the working face. The second parallel section is located on the side of the first parallel section closer to the current working face. The rear end of the second parallel section is connected to the front end of the inclined section, and the front end of the first parallel section is connected to the rear end of the inclined section. In the step of the coal mining machine cutting forward at an angle, the coal mining machine cuts forward at an angle along the inclined section.
[0012] Furthermore, after the steps of the front cutting drum fully cutting into the first coal seam and the rear cutting drum fully cutting into the second coal seam, and before the step of moving the coal mining machine backward to the rear end of the working face, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation cutting method also includes: pushing the portion of the moving guide rail located behind the coal mining machine to the current working face and parallel to the current working face.
[0013] Furthermore, the closely spaced coal seams are divided into multiple stacked working faces, and the working faces are sequentially mined and transported separately.
[0014] Furthermore, in the step of moving the coal mining machine backward to the rear end of the working face, the rear cutting drum enters the roadway space behind the coal mining area; and / or, in the step of moving the coal mining machine forward to the front end of the working face, the front cutting drum cuts through the first coal seam.
[0015] Furthermore, after the step of moving the coal mining machine to the current working face and before the step of the coal mining machine cutting forward at an angle, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method further includes: adjusting the height of the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum so that the edge of the front cutting drum is flush with the edge of the first coal seam and the edge of the rear cutting drum is tangent to the edge of the second coal seam; after the step of moving the coal mining machine forward to the front end of the working face and before the step of adjusting the height of the front cutting drum and the rear cutting drum of the coal mining machine, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method further includes: transporting the cut coal; after the step of completing the cutting of the gangue layer, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method further includes: transporting the cut gangue; the diameter of the front cutting drum is less than or equal to twice the diameter of the rear cutting drum.
[0016] Applying the technical solution of this invention, the coal mining machine cuts forward at an angle, causing the front cutting drum to cut forward at an angle into the first coal seam and the rear cutting drum to cut forward at an angle into the second coal seam, until both the front and rear cutting drums are completely submerged in the working face. At this point, the first and second coal seams located behind the front and rear cutting drums are not cut (i.e., the triangular coal seam area). The coal mining machine moves backward, using the front and rear cutting drums to cut the triangular coal seam area. When the coal mining machine moves to the rear end of the working face, only the portion of the first coal seam located behind the front cutting drum remains uncut (i.e., the residual portion of the triangular coal seam area). The rear cutting drum is adjusted to a height corresponding to the first coal seam, and the coal mining machine is moved back and forth, with the height of the rear cutting drum adjusted adaptively, thereby using the rear cutting drum to cut the residual portion of the triangular coal seam area. When the three... After the remaining portion of the corner coal seam is cut, the rear cutting drum is reset to the height corresponding to the second coal seam. The coal mining machine moves forward, using the front cutting drum to cut the first coal seam in front of it, and the rear cutting drum to cut the second coal seam in front of it. When the coal mining machine moves to the front end of the working face, only the gangue layer and the second coal seam in front of the rear cutting drum remain uncut. The front and rear cutting drums are adjusted to the height corresponding to the gangue layer. The coal mining machine moves backward, using the front and rear cutting drums to cut the gangue layer until the gangue layer is cut. This separates the coal seam mining and gangue layer mining in the current working face, reducing the number of times and operations for coal and gangue separation, reducing the transportation cost of coal and gangue mining together, reducing the proportion of gangue in the mined coal, and reducing the coal washing pressure of the coal preparation plant. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:
[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a close-range coal seam mining and transportation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic flowchart of a close-range coal seam mining and transportation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;
[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a coal mining machine for a close-range coal seam mining and hauling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0021] The above figures include the following reference numerals:
[0022] 10. Working face; 11. First coal seam; 12. Second coal seam; 13. Gangue seam;
[0023] 20. Coal mining machine; 21. Front cutting drum; 22. Rear cutting drum;
[0024] 30. Triangular coal seam area;
[0025] 40. Moving guide rail; 41. First parallel section; 42. Second parallel section; 43. Inclined section. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for mining and transporting coal seams in close proximity. The working face 10 includes a first coal seam 11 and a second coal seam 12 arranged vertically, and a gangue layer 13 sandwiched between the first coal seam 11 and the second coal seam 12. The thickness of the first coal seam 11 is greater than the thickness of the second coal seam 12. The coal mining machine 20 has a front cutting drum 21 and a rear cutting drum 22. The diameter of the front cutting drum 21 is less than or equal to the thickness of the first coal seam 11, and the diameter of the rear cutting drum 22 is less than or equal to the thickness of the second coal seam 12, and the diameter of the rear cutting drum 22 is less than the diameter of the front cutting drum 21. The method for mining and transporting coal seams in close proximity includes:
[0028] The coal mining machine 20 cuts forward at an angle until the front cutting drum 21 completely cuts into the first coal seam 11 and the rear cutting drum 22 completely cuts into the second coal seam 12.
[0029] Move the coal mining machine 20 backward to the rear end of the working face 10 to cut the triangular coal seam area 30;
[0030] Adjust the height of the rear cutting drum 22 so that it corresponds to the first coal seam 11. Move the coal mining machine 20 back and forth and adjust the height of the rear cutting drum 22. Use the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 is cut.
[0031] The rear cutting drum 22 is reset to the height corresponding to the second coal seam 12, and the coal mining machine 20 is moved forward to the front end of the working face 10. The front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are used to cut the first coal seam 11 and the second coal seam 12 respectively.
[0032] Adjust the height of the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 so that both the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 correspond to the gangue layer 13. Move the coal mining machine 20 and use the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 to cut the gangue layer 13 until the gangue layer 13 is cut.
[0033] Applying the close-range coal seam mining and hauling method provided in this embodiment, the coal mining machine 20 cuts forward at an angle, causing the front cutting drum 21 to cut forward at an angle into the first coal seam 11 and the rear cutting drum 22 to cut forward at an angle into the second coal seam 12, until both the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are completely submerged in the working face 10. At this point, the first coal seam 11 and the second coal seam 12 located behind the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are not cut (i.e., the triangular coal seam area 30). The coal mining machine 20 then moves backward. The front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are used to cut the triangular coal seam area 30. When the coal mining machine 20 moves to the rear end of the working face 10, only the first coal seam 11 behind the front cutting drum 21 remains uncut (i.e., the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30). The rear cutting drum 22 is adjusted to a height corresponding to the first coal seam 11. The coal mining machine 20 is moved back and forth, and the height of the rear cutting drum 22 is adjusted accordingly, so that the rear cutting drum 22 can cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30. After the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 is cut, the rear cutting drum 22 is reset to the height corresponding to the second coal seam 12. The coal mining machine 20 moves forward, using the front cutting drum 21 to cut the first coal seam 11 in front of it, and using the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the second coal seam 12 in front of it. When the coal mining machine 20 moves to the front end of the working face 10, only the gangue layer 13 and the second coal seam 12 in front of the rear cutting drum 22 remain uncut. The front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are both adjusted to the height of the corresponding gangue layer 13. The coal mining machine 20 is moved backward, and the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are used to cut the gangue layer 13 until the gangue layer 13 is cut. This separates the mining of the coal seam and the mining of the gangue layer 13 in the current working face 10, reduces the number of times and operations of coal and gangue separation and transportation, reduces the transportation cost of coal and gangue mining, reduces the proportion of gangue in the mined coal, and reduces the coal washing pressure of the coal preparation plant.
[0034] In the process of cutting the gangue layer 13, the coal mining machine 20 is moved backward to ensure that the rear cutting drum 22 cuts the gangue layer 13 first. Since the diameter of the rear cutting drum 22 is smaller than that of the front cutting drum 21, the power of the rear cutting drum 22 is greater than that of the front cutting drum 21 under the same torque drive. When cutting the gangue layer 13, which is stronger than the coal seam, the cutting power of the gangue layer 13 can be increased, and the normal cutting of the gangue layer 13 can be ensured to avoid damage to the rear cutting drum 22.
[0035] Furthermore, by adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum 22, the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30 can be cut using the rear cutting drum 22. The rear cutting drum 22 with higher power can be used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30, thereby improving cutting efficiency. The rear cutting drum 22 with smaller size can be used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30, thereby improving cutting flexibility and ensuring that the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30 is cut cleanly.
[0036] Furthermore, the first coal seam 11 can be located above the second coal seam 12, or the first coal seam 11 can be located below the second coal seam 12. In this embodiment, the first coal seam 11 is located above the second coal seam 12, the diameter of the front cutting roller 21 is equal to the thickness of the first coal seam 11, and the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22 is equal to the thickness of the second coal seam 12. Thus, during the unidirectional movement of the coal mining machine 20, the front cutting roller 21 can cleanly cut the first coal seam 11, and the rear cutting roller 22 can cleanly cut the second coal seam 12.
[0037] In this embodiment, the coal mining machine 20 is used to cut forward at an angle, and the coal mining machine 20 is used to cut the triangular coal seam area 30 backward. The coal mining machine 20 is used to cut forward the remaining first coal seam 11 and second coal seam 12, which facilitates the end management of the working face 10 and reduces the roadway space occupied by the coal mining machine.
[0038] It should be noted that when the front cutting roller 21 is completely cut into the first coal seam 13 and the rear cutting roller 22 is completely cut into the second coal seam 12, it means that the height of the front cutting roller 21 corresponds to the height of the first coal seam 13 and the height of the rear cutting roller 22 corresponds to the height of the second coal seam 12, and both the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 are completely submerged in the working face 10 in the direction perpendicular to the working face 10.
[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the steps of adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum 22 so that it corresponds to the first coal seam 11, moving the coal mining machine 20 back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum 22, and using the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 until the triangular coal seam area 30 is completely cut include:
[0040] The rear cutting drum 22 is moved vertically to the upper layer of the first coal seam 11, and the coal mining machine 20 is moved forward by one step to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 using the rear cutting drum 22.
[0041] The remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30 is cut repeatedly until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30 is cut: the rear cutting roller 22 is moved downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22, and the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30 is cut using the rear cutting roller 22.
[0042] It should be noted that when the coal mining machine 20 moves to the rear end of the working face 10, only the first coal seam 11 part located behind the front cutting drum 21 in the triangular coal seam area 30 remains uncut (i.e., the residual part of the triangular coal seam area 30). The size of the residual part of the triangular coal seam area 30 in the front-back direction is less than or equal to one step distance of the coal mining machine 20.
[0043] Therefore, the rear cutting roller 22 is first moved vertically to the upper layer of the first coal seam 11, and the coal mining machine 20 is moved forward one step. The rear cutting roller 22 is used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30. If there is still an uncut part in the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30, the rear cutting roller 22 is moved downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22, and the rear cutting roller 22 is used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30 is cut. In this way, the rear cutting roller 22 is used to fully cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area 30, avoiding dead corners and improving cutting efficiency. The whole process is orderly and reduces the complexity of the process.
[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the front cutting roller 21 is greater than the thickness of the gangue layer 13, and the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22 is less than the thickness of the gangue layer 13.
[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the steps of adjusting the height of the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 of the coal mining machine 20 so that the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 correspond to the gangue layer 13, and driving the coal mining machine 20 to move backward to cut the gangue layer 13 until the gangue layer 13 is cut completely include:
[0046] Adjust the height of the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 of the coal mining machine 20 so that the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 correspond to the gangue layer 13. Move the coal mining machine 20 to the rear end of the working face 10 and use the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the gangue layer 13.
[0047] The coal mining machine 20 is moved back and forth and the height of the rear cutting drum 22 is adjusted. The rear cutting drum 22 is used to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 until the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut off.
[0048] It should be noted that, since the diameter of the front cutting roller 21 is greater than the thickness of the gangue layer 13, and the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22 is less than the thickness of the gangue layer 13, the heights of both the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 are adjusted to correspond to the heights of the gangue layer 13. The coal mining machine 20 is then moved backward to the rear end of the working face 10. Only the portion of the gangue layer 13 located behind the front cutting roller 21 remains uncut (i.e., the residual portion of the gangue layer 13). The dimension of the residual portion of the gangue layer 13 in the front-back direction is less than or equal to one step distance of the coal mining machine 20.
[0049] At this time, by adjusting the height of the rear cutting roller 22, the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 can be cut using the rear cutting roller 22. The rear cutting roller 22 with higher power can be used to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, thereby improving the cutting efficiency. The rear cutting roller 22 with smaller size can be used to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, thereby improving the cutting flexibility and ensuring that the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut cleanly.
[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the steps of moving the coal mining machine 20 back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 until the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is completely cut include:
[0051] The rear cutting drum 22 moves vertically to the upper layer of the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, and the coal mining machine 20 moves forward one step to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 using the rear cutting drum 22.
[0052] The remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut repeatedly until the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut: the rear cutting roller 22 is moved downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22, and the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut using the rear cutting roller 22. Since the size of the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 in the front-to-back direction is less than or equal to one step distance of the coal mining machine 20, the rear cutting roller 22 is first moved up and down to the upper layer of the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, and the coal mining machine 20 is moved forward one step distance. The rear cutting roller 22 is used to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13. If there is still an uncut part of the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, the rear cutting roller 22 is moved down by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22, and the rear cutting roller 22 is used to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 until the remaining part of the gangue layer 13 is cut. In this way, the rear cutting roller 22 is used to fully cut the remaining part of the gangue layer 13, avoiding dead corners and improving cutting efficiency. The whole process is orderly and reduces the complexity of the process.
[0053] like Figure 2As shown, adjusting the height of the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 of the coal mining machine 20 so that the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 correspond to the gangue layer 13, and moving the coal mining machine 20 to the rear end of the working face 10, the steps of cutting the gangue layer 13 using the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 include:
[0054] The rear cutting roller 22 cuts into the upper layer of the gangue layer 13 in the up-down direction until the edge of the rear cutting roller 22 is tangent to the edge of the gangue layer 13 away from the second coal seam 12.
[0055] Move the front cutting roller 21 vertically to the second coal seam 12;
[0056] The coal mining machine 20 is moved backward to the rear end of the working face 10, and the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are used to cut the gangue layer 13. When the coal mining machine 20 is moved backward to the rear end of the working face 10 and the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 are used to cut the gangue layer 13, since the rear cutting drum 22 is located above the gangue layer 13 and the edge of the rear cutting drum 22 is tangent to the edge of the gangue layer 13 away from the second coal seam 12, the front cutting drum 21 moves to the second coal seam 12 (that is, the edge of the front cutting drum 21 is tangent to the edge of the second coal seam 12 away from the gangue layer 13), and since the diameter of the front cutting drum 21 is larger than the thickness of the gangue layer 13, the gangue layer 13 can be cut cleanly by the unidirectional movement of the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22.
[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, since the diameter of the front cutting roller 21 is greater than the thickness of the gangue layer 13 and the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22 is equal to the thickness of the second coal seam 12, the sum of the diameters of the front cutting roller 21 and the rear cutting roller 22 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the gangue layer 13 and the second coal seam 12.
[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the coal mining machine 20 is movably mounted on the moving guide rail 40. After the step of cutting the gangue layer 13 is completed, the close-range coal seam mining and transportation method further includes:
[0059] The portion of the moving guide rail 40 located in front of the coal mining machine 20 is moved to the current working face 10. The moving guide rail 40 includes a first parallel section 41, a second parallel section 42, and an inclined section 43. The first parallel section 41 is located behind the coal mining machine 20, and the inclined section 43 and the second parallel section 42 are both located in front of the coal mining machine 20. The first parallel section 41 and the second parallel section 42 are both parallel to the working face 10. The second parallel section 42 is located on the side of the first parallel section 41 closer to the current working face 10. The rear end of the second parallel section 42 is connected to the front end of the inclined section 43, and the front end of the first parallel section 41 is connected to the rear end of the inclined section 43.
[0060] In the forward oblique cutting step of the coal mining machine 20, the coal mining machine 20 cuts forward obliquely along the inclined section 43. The inclined section 43 guides the movement of the coal mining machine 20, improving the cutting stability and smoothness during the forward oblique cutting process.
[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, after the front cutting drum 21 completely cuts into the first coal seam 11 and the rear cutting drum 22 completely cuts into the second coal seam 12, and before the step of moving the coal mining machine 20 backward to the rear end of the working face 10, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation cutting method further includes:
[0062] The portion of the moving guide rail 40 located behind the coal mining machine 20 is moved to the current working face 10 and parallel to it. After the coal mining machine 20 makes an oblique cutting advance, the portion of the moving guide rail 40 located behind the coal mining machine 20 is moved to the current working face 10 and parallel to it, so that the entire moving guide rail 40 is parallel to the working face 10, keeping the moving guide rail 40 in a straight line. The moving guide rail 40 guides the movement of the coal mining machine 20, reduces the failure rate of the coal mining machine 20, and improves the stability and flatness of the coal mining machine 20 during cutting.
[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, a coal seam that is close to each other is divided into multiple stacked working faces 10, and the mining and transportation operations of the working faces 10 are performed sequentially. By using the above steps to perform the mining and transportation operations of the working faces 10 sequentially, the mining and transportation process of the coal seam that is close to each other is orderly, and the complexity of the mining and transportation process of the coal seam that is close to each other is reduced.
[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, in the step of moving the coal mining machine 20 backward to the rear end of the working face 10, the rear cutting drum 22 enters the roadway space behind the coal mining area. In the step of moving the coal mining machine 20 forward to the front end of the working face 10, the front cutting drum 21 cuts through the first coal seam 11. Thus, when moving the coal mining machine 20 backward to the rear end of the working face 10, it is ensured that the rear cutting drum 22 completely cuts the rear end of the second coal seam 12, and when moving the coal mining machine 20 forward to the front end of the working face 10, it is ensured that the front cutting drum 21 completely cuts the rear end of the first coal seam 11.
[0065] like Figure 2As shown, after the step of moving the coal mining machine 20 to the current working face 10 and before the step of the coal mining machine 20 making forward oblique cutting, the close-range coal seam mining and transportation cutting method further includes: adjusting the height of the front cutting roller 21 and the height of the rear cutting roller 22 so that the edge of the front cutting roller 21 is flush with the edge of the first coal seam 11 and the edge of the rear cutting roller 22 is tangent to the edge of the second coal seam 12. In this embodiment, the diameter of the front cutting roller 21 is equal to the thickness of the first coal seam 11, and the diameter of the rear cutting roller 22 is equal to the thickness of the second coal seam 12. Before the step of the coal mining machine 20 making forward oblique cutting, since the edge of the front cutting roller 21 is flush with the edge of the first coal seam 11 and the edge of the rear cutting roller 22 is tangent to the edge of the second coal seam 12, the first coal seam 11 can be cut cleanly by the unidirectional movement of the front cutting roller 21, and the second coal seam 12 can be cut cleanly by the unidirectional movement of the rear cutting roller 22, reducing the complexity of the process.
[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, after the step of moving the coal mining machine 20 forward to the front end of the working face 10, and before the step of adjusting the height of the front cutting drum 21 and the rear cutting drum 22 of the coal mining machine 20, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method further includes: transporting the cut coal. After the step of completing the cutting of the gangue layer 13, the close-range coal seam separate mining and transportation method further includes: transporting the cut gangue. By using the above steps, in the separate mining and transportation operation of each working face 10, only one coal transportation and one gangue transportation are required, reducing the number of coal and gangue transportation operations and simplifying the process.
[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the front cutting drum 21 is less than or equal to twice the diameter of the rear cutting drum 22. When using the rear cutting drum 22 to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30, the coal mining machine 20 only needs to move one step and one round trip to cleanly cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam 30.
[0068] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.
[0069] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.
[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0071] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.
[0072] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.
[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for short-distance coal seam mining and hauling, characterized in that, The working face (10) includes a first coal seam (11) and a second coal seam (12) arranged vertically, and a gangue layer (13) sandwiched between the first coal seam (11) and the second coal seam (12). The thickness of the first coal seam (11) is greater than the thickness of the second coal seam (12). The coal mining machine (20) has a front cutting drum (21) and a rear cutting drum (22). The diameter of the front cutting drum (21) is less than or equal to the thickness of the first coal seam (11), and the diameter of the rear cutting drum (22) is less than or equal to the thickness of the second coal seam (12). The diameter of the rear cutting drum (22) is less than the diameter of the front cutting drum (21). The method of mining and transporting coal seams in close proximity includes: The coal mining machine (20) cuts forward at an angle until the front cutting drum (21) completely cuts into the first coal seam (11) and the rear cutting drum (22) completely cuts into the second coal seam (12). Move the coal mining machine (20) backward to the rear end of the working face (10) to cut the triangular coal seam area (30). Adjust the height of the rear cutting drum (22) so that the rear cutting drum (22) corresponds to the first coal seam (11), move the coal mining machine (20) back and forth and adjust the height of the rear cutting drum (22), and use the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) is cut. The rear cutting drum (22) is reset to the height corresponding to the second coal seam (12), and the coal mining machine (20) is moved forward to the front end of the working face (10). The front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) are used to cut the first coal seam (11) and the second coal seam (12) respectively. Adjust the height of the front cutting roller (21) and the rear cutting roller (22) so that both the front cutting roller (21) and the rear cutting roller (22) correspond to the gangue layer (13). Move the coal mining machine (20) and use the front cutting roller (21) and the rear cutting roller (22) to cut the gangue layer (13) until the gangue layer (13) is cut. The diameter of the front cutting roller (21) is greater than the thickness of the gangue layer (13), and the diameter of the rear cutting roller (22) is less than the thickness of the gangue layer (13). The steps of adjusting the height of the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) of the coal mining machine (20) so that the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) correspond to the gangue layer (13) and driving the coal mining machine (20) to move backward to cut the gangue layer (13) until the gangue layer (13) is cut completely include: Adjust the height of the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) of the coal mining machine (20) so that the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) correspond to the gangue layer (13). Move the coal mining machine (20) to the rear end of the working face (10) and use the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the gangue layer (13). Move the coal mining machine (20) back and forth and adjust the height of the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer (13) until the remaining part of the gangue layer (13) is cut.
2. The method for short-distance coal seam mining and hauling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum (22) so that the rear cutting drum (22) corresponds to the first coal seam (11), moving the coal mining machine (20) back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum (22), and using the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) until the triangular coal seam area (30) is cut completely include: The rear cutting drum (22) is moved up and down to the upper layer of the first coal seam (11), and the coal mining machine (20) is moved forward by one step, and the rear cutting drum (22) is used to cut the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30). The remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) is cut repeatedly until the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) is cut: the rear cutting roller (22) is moved downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller (22), and the remaining part of the triangular coal seam area (30) is cut using the rear cutting roller (22).
3. The method for separate mining and transportation of coal seams at close range according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of moving the coal mining machine (20) back and forth and adjusting the height of the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer (13) until the remaining part of the gangue layer (13) is completely cut include: The rear cutting drum (22) moves in the vertical direction to the upper layer of the remaining part of the gangue layer (13), and moves the coal mining machine (20) forward by one step, using the rear cutting drum (22) to cut the remaining part of the gangue layer (13); The residual part cutting step of the gangue layer (13) is performed repeatedly until the residual part of the gangue layer (13) is cut off: the rear cutting roller (22) is moved downward by a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the rear cutting roller (22), and the residual part of the gangue layer (13) is cut using the rear cutting roller (22).
4. The method for separate mining and transportation of coal seams at close range according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjusting the height of the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) of the coal mining machine (20) so that the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) correspond to the gangue layer (13), moving the coal mining machine (20) backward to the rear end of the working face (10), and cutting the gangue layer (13) using the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) includes the following steps: The rear cutting roller (22) is cut into the upper layer of the gangue layer (13) in the up-down direction until the edge of the rear cutting roller (22) is tangent to the edge of the gangue layer (13) away from the second coal seam (12). The front cutting roller (21) is moved vertically to the second coal seam (12). The coal mining machine (20) is moved backward to the rear end of the working face (10) and the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) are used to cut the gangue layer (13).
5. The method for short-distance coal seam mining and hauling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal mining machine (20) is movably mounted on the moving guide rail (40). After the step of cutting the gangue layer (13) is completed, the method of separate mining and transporting the cutting tool in close proximity to the coal seam further includes: The portion of the moving guide rail (40) located in front of the coal mining machine (20) is moved to the current working face (10). The moving guide rail (40) includes a first parallel section (41), a second parallel section (42), and an inclined section (43). The first parallel section (41) is located behind the coal mining machine (20). The inclined section (43) and the second parallel section (42) are both located in front of the coal mining machine (20). The first parallel section (41) and the second parallel section (42) are both parallel to the working face (10). The second parallel section (42) is located on the side of the first parallel section (41) closer to the current working face (10). The rear end of the second parallel section (42) is connected to the front end of the inclined section (43). The front end of the first parallel section (41) is connected to the rear end of the inclined section (43). In the step of the coal mining machine (20) making forward oblique cutting, the coal mining machine (20) makes forward oblique cutting along the inclined section (43).
6. The method for separate mining and transportation of coal seams at close range according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the steps of the front cutting drum (21) completely cutting into the first coal seam (11) and the rear cutting drum (22) completely cutting into the second coal seam (12), and before the step of moving the coal mining machine (20) backward to the rear end of the working face (10), the close-range coal seam separate mining and transport cutting method further includes: The portion of the moving guide rail (40) located behind the coal mining machine (20) is moved to the current working face (10) and parallel to the current working face (10).
7. The method for separate mining and hauling of coal seams at close range according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The coal seam is divided into multiple stacked working faces (10), and the mining and transportation operations of the working faces (10) are performed sequentially on the multiple working faces (10).
8. The method for separate mining and hauling of coal seams at close range according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, In the step of moving the coal mining machine (20) backward to the rear end of the working face (10), the rear cutting drum (22) enters the roadway space behind the coal mining area; and / or, In the step of moving the coal mining machine (20) forward to the front end of the working face (10), the front cutting roller (21) cuts through the first coal seam (11).
9. The method for separate mining and hauling of coal seams at close range according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, After the step of moving the coal mining machine (20) to the current working face (10) and before the step of the coal mining machine (20) cutting forward at an angle, the method of mining and transporting coal seams at close range further includes: adjusting the height of the front cutting drum (21) and the height of the rear cutting drum (22) so that the edge of the front cutting drum (21) is flush with the edge of the first coal seam (11) and the edge of the rear cutting drum (22) is tangent to the edge of the second coal seam (12); After the step of moving the coal mining machine (20) forward to the front end of the working face (10), and before the step of adjusting the height of the front cutting drum (21) and the rear cutting drum (22) of the coal mining machine (20), the close-range coal seam mining and transportation method further includes: transporting the cut coal. After the step of cutting the gangue layer (13) is completed, the method of mining and transporting the cut gangue in close proximity to the coal seam further includes: transporting the cut gangue; The diameter of the front cutting roller (21) is less than or equal to twice the diameter of the rear cutting roller (22).