Hopper locking early warning device and its control method for crushing and screening equipment

Abstract

This invention discloses a hopper locking early warning device and its control method for crushing and screening equipment, relating to the field of crushing and screening technology. It includes a hopper rear baffle and a side baffle hinged to the rear baffle. The side baffle rotates around the hinge axis of the rear baffle and is limited by a limiting mechanism, with two sets of limiting mechanisms arranged on the left and right sides of the rear baffle. The limiting mechanism includes a hydraulic system, a pin mounted on the hydraulic system, an ear seat corresponding to the pin and fixed to the side baffle, a guide rail limiting the extension and retraction direction of the pin, and a detection unit for detecting the wear degree of the pin and / or the ear seat. The hydraulic system drives the pin to extend and retract within the ear seat to limit the side baffle. This invention solves the safety hazards caused by the need for manual high-altitude operation in the prior art, while making operation more convenient. Furthermore, pre-use testing avoids safety accidents caused by mechanical wear and malfunctions, making the equipment more reliable and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing and screening technology, specifically to a hopper locking early warning device and its control method for crushing and screening equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In crushing and screening equipment, the hopper is a crucial component, primarily responsible for storing materials so that subsequent components can continuously and stably transport them to the crusher or screening machine. In mobile crushing and screening equipment, to meet the requirements of hopper volume and road transport, the structure is often a hydraulic folding type, with the hopper baffles typically secured by wedge-shaped pins after folding.

[0003] In existing technologies, fixed-type installations often require manual work at heights, posing significant safety hazards. Furthermore, during prolonged operation, the wedge-shaped pin holders are easily torn due to impact and wear from the wedge blocks, causing the fixing baffles to malfunction and resulting in safety accidents. Additionally, when the equipment starts working, it cannot automatically identify whether the wedge-shaped pins are inserted into the holders, requiring manual inspection, which can lead to missed insertions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hopper locking early warning device and its control method for crushing and screening equipment, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as wear and tear caused by the fixed type after long-term use, and the safety accidents that are prone to occur due to manual high-altitude operations required for disassembly, installation and maintenance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment, comprising a rear baffle of the hopper and a side baffle hinged to the rear baffle, wherein the side baffle is rotated around the hinge axis of the rear baffle and then limited by a limiting mechanism, and two sets are provided on the left and right sides of the rear baffle.

[0006] The limiting mechanism includes a hydraulic system, a pin installed on the hydraulic system, an ear seat corresponding to the position of the pin and fixed to the side baffle, a guide rail that limits the extension and retraction direction of the pin, and a detection unit for detecting the wear degree of the pin and / or the ear seat. The hydraulic system drives the pin to extend and retract within the ear seat to limit the side baffle.

[0007] Preferably, the guide rail includes a guide seat fixed to one side of the rear baffle and a pin baffle fixed to the other side of the rear baffle, and the pin passes through the guide seat, the rear baffle and the pin baffle to limit the side baffle.

[0008] Preferably, the detection unit is a proximity switch installed on the other side of the pin baffle away from the ear seat. The proximity switch is fixed on the rear baffle. When the pin contacts the proximity switch, it indicates severe wear.

[0009] Preferably, the pin is wedge-shaped.

[0010] A hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment, the hydraulic system comprising:

[0011] A hydraulic cylinder, which is hinged to the pin;

[0012] A reversing valve is used to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder. The reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through oil circuit A, and the reversing valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through oil circuit B.

[0013] A balance valve is installed on oil lines A and B between the oil cylinder and the balance valve.

[0014] An accumulator is used to maintain the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder for locking operations. The accumulator is connected to the B oil circuit between the hydraulic cylinder and the balance valve.

[0015] A pressure sensor is used to detect the working status of the hydraulic cylinder, and the pressure sensor is installed between the accumulator and the B hydraulic circuit;

[0016] A hydraulic pump, wherein the outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the inlet of the directional valve;

[0017] The oil tank has an oil outlet connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump, and the oil inlet of the oil tank is connected to the oil outlet of the directional valve.

[0018] Preferably, a filter is also installed in the oil line between the hydraulic pump and the directional valve.

[0019] Preferably, relief valves are installed on both the inlet and return oil lines of the directional valve.

[0020] A control method for a hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment, based on the aforementioned hopper locking early warning device, includes S1 pre-operation working status detection, S2 hydraulic cylinder extension and retraction control, and S3 limit mechanism wear status detection; specifically as follows:

[0021] S1 pre-operation status detection includes S11 main unit status detection and S12 hydraulic cylinder locking status detection; specifically as follows:

[0022] S11 Main Unit Status Detection: This involves detecting the rotational speed signal of the crushing main unit and / or the screening machine.

[0023] S12 Cylinder Locking Status Detection: When the S11 Main Unit Status Detection Step detects the speed signal, it determines that the equipment has entered the working state. After entering the working state, the pressure value is detected by the pressure sensor.

[0024] When the pressure value is less than the preset value, the cylinder is determined to be in an unextended state, and the rear baffle and the side baffle are in an unlocked state.

[0025] When the pressure value is greater than the preset value, the cylinder is determined to be in the extended state, and the rear baffle and the side baffle are in the locked state.

[0026] S2 cylinder extension and retraction control: Based on the working status detection before S1 operation, when it is necessary to control the extension and retraction of the cylinder, the oil in the oil tank is output by the hydraulic pump. The oil output from the hydraulic pump outlet switches the oil circuit through the reversing valve to achieve the extension and retraction control of the cylinder.

[0027] When the directional valve switches to oil circuit B, the oil cylinder extends and is locked by a pin and a lug seat. At the same time, the accumulator maintains a preset pressure to ensure the oil cylinder is locked.

[0028] When the directional valve switches to oil circuit A, the cylinder retracts, and the pin separates from the lug, releasing the lock.

[0029] S3 Limit Mechanism Wear Status Detection: When the pin and lug are worn to a certain extent, the extension length of the pin increases until it contacts the proximity switch. When this happens, an alarm is triggered by the alarm unit and the status is displayed on the monitor.

[0030] Preferably, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is 50 bar.

[0031] Preferably, the accumulator maintains a preset pressure value of 200 bar.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] This invention uses a hydraulic system to drive a pin through the lugs on the left and right side baffles to achieve automatic insertion and limiting. It is also equipped with a detection unit and a pressure sensor to detect the equipment. This method solves the safety hazards caused by the need for manual high-altitude operation in the prior art, while making the operation more convenient. Furthermore, the pre-use inspection of the equipment avoids safety accidents caused by mechanical wear and malfunctions, making it more reliable and stable. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the rear baffle of the hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of the hopper locking early warning device for crushing and screening equipment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control method for the hopper locking early warning device of the present invention used in crushing and screening equipment.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Rear baffle; 2. Hydraulic cylinder; 3. Pin; 4. Ear seat; 5. Proximity switch; 6. Side baffle; 7. Guide seat; 8. Pin baffle;

[0039] a. Relief valve; b. Directional control valve; c. Balance valve; d. Pressure sensor; e. Accumulator; f. Filter; g. Hydraulic pump; h. Oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example

[0042] Please see Figures 1-4 Hopper locking early warning device used in crushing and screening equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rear baffle 1 of the hopper is hinged to the side baffle 6. The side baffle 6 is rotated around the hinge axis of the rear baffle 1 and then limited by the limiting mechanism. Two sets of side baffles are set on the left and right sides of the rear baffle 1.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the limiting mechanism consists of a hydraulic system, a wedge-shaped pin 3 installed on the hydraulic system, an ear seat 4 corresponding to the position of the pin 3 and fixed on the side baffle 6, a guide rail that limits the extension and retraction of the pin 3, and a detection unit for detecting the wear degree of the pin 3 and the ear seat 4.

[0044] In practice, a hydraulic system drives the pin 3 to extend and retract within the ear seat 4 to limit the side baffle 6. The pin 3 slides on the guide seat 7, which is fixed to the rear baffle 1 on one side of the ear seat 4. The pin 3 passes through the ear seat 4 and the pin baffle 8, which is fixed to the rear baffle 1 on the other side of the ear seat 4, to limit the side baffle 6. The detection unit is a proximity switch 5 installed on the pin baffle 8 on the side away from the ear seat 4. The proximity switch 5 is fixed to the rear baffle 1. When the pin 3 contacts the proximity switch 5, it indicates severe wear.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the hydraulic system consists of two sets of cylinders 2, directional valve b, balance valve c, accumulator e, pressure sensor d, hydraulic pump g, oil tank h, and relief valve a;

[0046] In the specific implementation, cylinder 2 is hinged to pin 3; directional valve b is used to control the extension and retraction of cylinder 2, and relief valve a is installed on both the inlet and return oil lines of directional valve b. Directional valve b is connected to the rod chamber of cylinder 2 via oil line A, and to the rodless chamber of cylinder 2 via oil line B; balance valve c is installed on oil lines A and B between cylinder 2 and balance valve c; accumulator e is used to maintain the pressure of cylinder 2 for locking operations, and is connected to oil line B between cylinder 2 and balance valve c; pressure sensor d is used to detect the working state of cylinder 2, and is installed between accumulator e and oil line B; the outlet of hydraulic pump g is connected to the inlet of directional valve b; a filter f is also installed on the oil line between hydraulic pump g and directional valve b. Oil tank h has its outlet connected to the inlet of hydraulic pump g, and its inlet is also connected to the outlet of directional valve b.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the control method for the hopper locking early warning device of the crushing and screening equipment, based on the aforementioned hopper locking early warning device for the crushing and screening equipment, is divided into S1 pre-operation working status detection, S2 hydraulic cylinder 2 extension and retraction control, and S3 limit mechanism wear status detection; specifically as follows:

[0048] The specific steps for S1's pre-operation status detection are as follows:

[0049] S11 Main Unit Status Detection: This function detects the rotational speed signal of the crushing main unit or screening machine.

[0050] S12 Cylinder 2 Locking Status Detection: When the S11 main unit status detection step detects the speed signal, it determines that the equipment has entered the working state. After entering the working state, the pressure value is detected by the pressure sensor d.

[0051] When the pressure value is less than 50 bar, the cylinder 2 is determined to be in the unextended state, and the rear baffle 1 and the side baffle 6 are in the unlocked state.

[0052] When the pressure value is greater than 50 bar, the cylinder 2 is determined to be in the extended state, and the rear baffle 1 and the side baffle 6 are in the locked state.

[0053] S2 cylinder 2 extension and retraction control: Based on the working status detection before S1 operation, when it is necessary to control the extension and retraction of cylinder 2, the oil in the oil tank h is output by the hydraulic pump g. The oil output from the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump g switches the oil circuit through the reversing valve b to realize the extension and retraction control of cylinder 2.

[0054] When the reversing valve b switches to oil circuit B, the oil cylinder 2 extends and is locked by the pin 3 and the lug 4. At the same time, the accumulator e maintains a pressure of 200 bar to ensure the locked state of the oil cylinder 2.

[0055] When the directional valve b switches to oil circuit A, the cylinder 2 retracts, and the pin 3 separates from the lug 4 to release the lock.

[0056] S3 Limit Mechanism Wear Status Detection: When the pin 3 and ear seat 4 are worn to a certain extent, the extension length of the pin 3 increases until it comes into contact with the proximity switch 5. When this happens, an alarm is triggered by the alarm unit and the status is displayed on the monitor.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hopper locking pre-alarm device for a crushing and screening plant, characterized in that, The rear baffle (1) of the hopper and the side baffle (6) hinged to the rear baffle (1), the side baffle (6) is flipped around the hinge shaft of the rear baffle (1) and is limited by a limiting mechanism, and two groups are arranged on the left and right of the rear baffle (1); The limiting mechanism includes a hydraulic system, a bolt (3) installed on the hydraulic system, an ear seat (4) corresponding to the position of the bolt (3) and fixed on the side baffle (6), a guide rail limiting the extension direction of the bolt (3), and a detection unit for detecting the wear degree of the bolt (3) and / or the ear seat (4), the bolt (3) is driven by the hydraulic system to extend in the ear seat (4) to limit the side baffle (6); The hydraulic system includes: A oil cylinder (2) hinged to the bolt (3); The control method of the device includes S1 pre-operation working state detection, S2 oil cylinder (2) extension control and S3 limiting mechanism wear state detection; Specifically as follows: S1 pre-operation working state detection includes S11 host state detection and S12 oil cylinder (2) locking state detection; Specifically as follows: S11 host state detection: detecting the speed signal of the crushing host or / and the screening machine; S12 oil cylinder (2) locking state detection: when the S11 host state detection step detects the speed signal, it is determined that the equipment is in the working state, and after entering the working state, the pressure value is detected by the pressure sensor (d); Wherein, when the pressure value is less than the preset value, it is determined that the oil cylinder (2) is not extended, and the rear baffle (1) and the side baffle (6) are not locked; When the pressure value is greater than the preset value, it is determined that the oil cylinder (2) is extended, and the rear baffle (1) and the side baffle (6) are locked; S2 oil cylinder (2) extension control: based on S1 pre-operation working state detection, when it is necessary to control the extension of the oil cylinder (2), the oil in the oil tank (h) is output by the hydraulic pump (g), and the oil output by the hydraulic pump (g) is switched by the reversing valve (b) to realize the extension control of the oil cylinder (2); Wherein, when the reversing valve (b) is switched to B oil way, the oil cylinder (2) is extended and locked by the bolt (3) cooperating with the ear seat (4), and the preset pressure is maintained by the accumulator (e) to ensure the locking state of the oil cylinder (2); When the reversing valve (b) is switched to A oil way, the oil cylinder (2) is retracted, the bolt (3) is separated from the ear seat (4) to release the locking; S3 limiting mechanism wear state detection: when the bolt (3) and the ear seat (4) are worn to a certain degree, the extension length of the bolt (3) becomes longer, until it contacts the proximity switch (5), the alarm unit is alarmed and the state is displayed by the display.

2. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The guide rail includes a guide seat (7) fixed to one side of the ear seat (4) on the rear baffle (1) and a pin baffle (8) fixed to the other side of the ear seat (4) on the rear baffle (1), and the bolt (3) penetrates the guide seat (7), the ear seat (4) and the pin baffle (8) to limit the side baffle (6).

3. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 2 wherein: The detection unit is a proximity switch (5) installed on the other side of the pin baffle (8) away from the lug (4), the proximity switch (5) is fixed on the back baffle (1), when the bolt (3) contacts the proximity switch (5), it is serious wear.

4. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 3 wherein: The shape of the bolt (3) is wedge-shaped.

5. A hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that: The hydraulic system further comprises: A reversing valve (b) for controlling the extension and retraction of the oil cylinder (2), the reversing valve (b) is connected with the rod cavity of the oil cylinder (2) through A oil path, the reversing valve (b) is connected with the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder (2) through B oil path; A balance valve (c) is installed on the A oil path and the B oil path between the oil cylinder (2) and the reversing valve (b); An accumulator (e) for maintaining the pressure of the oil cylinder (2) for locking operation, the accumulator (e) is connected with the B oil path between the oil cylinder (2) and the balance valve (c); A pressure sensor (d) for detecting the working state of the oil cylinder (2), the pressure sensor (d) is installed between the accumulator (e) and the B oil path; A hydraulic pump (g), the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump (g) is connected with the oil inlet of the reversing valve (b); An oil tank (h), the oil outlet of the oil tank (h) is connected with the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump (g), and the oil inlet of the oil tank (h) is connected with the oil outlet of the reversing valve (b).

6. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 5 wherein: The hydraulic pump (g) and the oil path of the reversing valve (b) are also provided with a filter (f).

7. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 6 wherein: The inlet and return oil paths of the reversing valve (b) are both provided with an overflow valve (a).

8. The hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant of claim 1, wherein: The pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (d) is 50bar.

9. A hopper lock early warning device for a crushing and screening plant as claimed in claim 1 or 8, characterised in that: The preset pressure value maintained by the accumulator (e) is 200bar.

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