A combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ore and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ores and its application, and belongs to the field of mineral processing technology. The present invention provides a combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ores, which comprises the following components by mass: 60 to 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 20 to 40 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine. The present invention first uses the combined activator to activate the zinc oxide ore, then uses an inhibitor to inhibit the gangue minerals, and finally uses a collector to float the zinc oxide. Its application scheme is specifically as follows: grinding the raw ore to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm, with particles accounting for more than 85% of the total mass of the raw ore, and then slurrying to obtain a pre-selected slurry; then adding the combined activator and stirring for a period of time before adding the inhibitor; stirring again and then adding the collector; finally obtaining a coarse zinc oxide concentrate. The flotation activator reagent combination of the present invention is reasonably designed, the reagent has high selectivity, strong action ability, and the reagent used is relatively environmentally friendly, which is convenient for large-scale industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, relates to a combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ores and applications thereof, and particularly relates to the flotation of lead-zinc oxide ores containing gangue minerals such as calcite and a large amount of mud. Background Art

[0002] my country has abundant lead and zinc reserves, ranking second in the world after Australia. However, with the depletion of lead-zinc sulfide resources, the efficient development and utilization of lead-zinc oxide resources has become a key issue for mineral processing professionals.

[0003] Zinc oxide ores are complex and difficult to separate. Depending on the type of gangue minerals, zinc oxide ores can be divided into two types: siliceous and calcium-containing. For calcium-containing zinc oxide ores, calcite and smithsonite have similar crystal structures, making separation difficult. Despite years of research on zinc oxide ores, their development and utilization remain challenging. To date, the main technologies used for zinc oxide beneficiation are the amine sulfide method or the fatty acid method. The amine sulfide method involves sulfiding the ore pulp with sodium sulfide, followed by flotation using an amine collector. The process typically involves flotation of the sulfide ore followed by the oxide ore. However, this method is complex and often yields suboptimal separation results when processing slurries containing large amounts of ore slime and unavoidable ions. Fatty acids are only suitable for recovering zinc oxide ores with high siliceous gangue content. They exhibit poor flotation selectivity for ores with high calcite content. Currently, fatty acid methods remain limited to laboratory or pilot-scale trials and have yet to achieve successful results in production.

[0004] The present invention is designed to first selectively activate zinc oxide ore, then use an inhibitor to suppress gangue minerals such as calcite, and finally use an anion-cation combination collector to flotation recover the zinc oxide ore. By selectively activating zinc oxide and suppressing gangue minerals such as calcite, the surface difference between the two can be expanded, thereby solving the problem that the two are difficult to separate due to their small surface difference. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the difficulty in separating low-grade lead-zinc oxide ore from gangue, the present invention provides a combined activator for the flotation of lead-zinc oxide ore and its application. The flotation solution provided by the present invention first activates the zinc oxide ore with the combined activator, then suppresses the gangue minerals with an inhibitor, and finally floats the zinc oxide with a collector.

[0006] The combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ore provided by the present invention comprises the following components by mass: 60 to 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 40 to 20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0007] Preferably, the combined activator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70 to 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 30 to 20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0008] More preferably, the combined activator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0009] The application of the combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ore provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0010] 1) Grinding the raw ore to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm and accounting for more than 85% of the total mass of the raw ore, and then adding water to prepare the slurry to obtain a pre-selected slurry;

[0011] 2) adding the combined activator to the preselected slurry obtained in step 1) and stirring to obtain an activated slurry;

[0012] 3) adding an inhibitor to the activated slurry in step 2), stirring, and then adding a collector, and flotation to obtain a zinc oxide coarse concentrate.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1), the mass percentage concentration of the raw ore in the preselected slurry is 20% to 50%. In the present invention, the mass percentage concentration of the raw ore in the preselected slurry of 20% to 50% refers to the value obtained by dividing the mass of the raw ore in the preselected slurry by the preselected slurry and then multiplying it by 100%.

[0014] Preferably, in step 2), the addition amount of the combined activator relative to the original ore is 2000-3000 g / t.

[0015] Preferably, in step 3), the inhibitor is added in an amount of 1000-2000 g / t relative to the original ore.

[0016] Preferably, in step 3), the inhibitor comprises the following components by mass: 10-20 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate and 80-90 parts of sodium silicate.

[0017] Preferably, in step 3), the amount of the collector added relative to the original ore is 500-1500 g / t.

[0018] Preferably, in step 3), the collector comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of dodecylamine and 80-90 parts of sodium oleate.

[0019] Principles and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] In the combined activator for flotation of lead-zinc oxide ores provided by the present invention, 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine is a cyclic organic compound containing O and N elements, which can form a chelate with zinc oxide, and co-adsorb and synergistically activate with dodecylamine to improve the selective flotation effect of zinc oxide ores. The addition of sodium carbonate can adjust the pH value. The combination of sodium carbonate and 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine can reduce the dosage of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine and achieve a better synergistic activation effect.

[0021] The present invention activates zinc oxide ore before flotation, then suppresses gangue minerals before flotation. This significantly improves the grade and recovery rate of zinc oxide concentrate, achieving a higher enrichment ratio during roughing. Furthermore, the reagents used are environmentally friendly and easy to promote. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a flotation scheme and application of oxidized lead-zinc ore. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the application method and effect of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below in the form of embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] The combined activator used in this embodiment includes the following components by mass: 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0026] The test selected a lead-zinc oxide ore with a lead content of 0.67%, a zinc content of 5.55%, an iron content of 5.42%, and a calcium content of 19.85%. The specific flotation process is as follows:

[0027] The raw ore was ground to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm, with particles accounting for at least 85% of the total mass. Water was then added to the slurry to produce a preselected slurry with a raw ore concentration of 30%-35%. Activators (2000 g / t sodium carbonate and 500 g / t 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine) were then added to the preselected slurry, stirring for 5 minutes. Inhibitors (100 g / t calcium lignin sulfonate and 900 g / t sodium silicate) were then added, stirring for 2 minutes. Finally, 100 g / t dodecylamine and 900 g / t sodium oleate were added, stirring for 3 minutes, and then scraped to obtain a zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 1

[0029] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that no sodium carbonate is added, that is, the activator is only 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine in an amount of 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that no 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine was added, that is, the activator was only sodium carbonate in an amount of 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Comparative Example 3

[0033] Compared with Example 1, the difference of this comparative example is that no combined activator is added. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0034] Comparative Example 4

[0035] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in the ratio of sodium carbonate to 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine in the activator: 50 parts sodium carbonate and 50 parts 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, by weight. The activator dosage remains at 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Comparative Example 5

[0037] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in the ratio of sodium carbonate to 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine in the activator: 90 parts by mass of sodium carbonate and 10 parts by mass of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine. The activator dosage remains at 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 6

[0039] Compared with Example 1, the difference of this comparative example is that the added activators are 2000 g / t of sodium carbonate and 500 g / t of 8-hydroxyquinoline. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Flotation test results / %

[0041]

[0042] Comparison of the results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5 shows that the combined activator ratio in Example 1 is more effective in the flotation of zinc oxide ore, with a zinc concentrate grade of 15.68% and a zinc recovery rate of 71.80%. Comparative Example 3, a blank control without any activator, exhibits significantly reduced zinc grade and recovery in the flotation concentrate. Comparison of Comparative Examples 1 and 3 demonstrates that 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine alone has some effect, but the effect is slightly inferior to that of Example 1. Comparison of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 shows that sodium carbonate alone is not significantly effective. The flotation indices of Comparative Examples 4-6 are all inferior to those of Example 1. This demonstrates that the combination of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine and sodium carbonate in a specific ratio can produce a positive synergistic effect in the flotation of zinc oxide ore.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The combined activator used in this embodiment includes the following components in parts by mass: 60 parts of sodium carbonate and 40 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0045] The test selected a lead-zinc oxide ore with a lead content of 1.04%, a zinc content of 6.21%, an iron content of 3.38%, and a calcium content of 1.21%. The specific flotation process is as follows:

[0046] The raw ore was ground to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm, with particles accounting for at least 85% of the total mass. Water was then added to the slurry to produce a preselected slurry with a raw ore concentration of 30%-35%. Activators (1500 g / t sodium carbonate and 1000 g / t 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine) were then added to the preselected slurry and allowed to slurry for 5 minutes. Inhibitors (100 g / t calcium lignin sulfonate and 900 g / t sodium silicate) were then added and allowed to slurry for 2 minutes. Finally, 100 g / t dodecylamine and 900 g / t sodium oleate were added and allowed to slurry for 3 minutes before scraping to obtain a zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Comparative Example 7

[0048] Compared with Example 2, this comparative example differs in that no sodium carbonate is added, that is, the activator is only 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine in an amount of 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0049] Comparative Example 8

[0050] Compared with Example 2, this comparative example differs in that no 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine was added, that is, the activator was only sodium carbonate, and the amount used was 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Comparative Example 9

[0052] Compared with Example 2, the difference of this comparative example is that no combined activator is added. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2 Flotation test results / %

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The combined activator used in this embodiment includes the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of sodium carbonate and 30 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

[0058] The test selected a lead-zinc oxide ore with a lead content of 1.21%, a zinc content of 5.61%, an iron content of 3.58%, and a calcium content of 1.21%. The specific flotation process is as follows:

[0059] The raw ore was ground to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm, with particles accounting for at least 85% of the total raw ore mass. Water was then added to the slurry to produce a preselected slurry with a raw ore concentration of 30%-35%. Activators (1750 g / t sodium carbonate and 750 g / t 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine) were then added to the preselected slurry, followed by slurrying for 5 minutes. Inhibitors (100 g / t calcium lignin sulfonate and 900 g / t sodium silicate) were then added, followed by slurrying for 2 minutes. Finally, 100 g / t dodecylamine and 900 g / t sodium oleate were added, followed by slurrying for 3 minutes, and then scraped to produce a zinc concentrate. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0060] Comparative Example 10

[0061] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example differs in that no sodium carbonate is added, that is, the activator is only 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine in an amount of 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0062] Comparative Example 11

[0063] Compared with Example 3, this comparative example differs in that no 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine was added, that is, the activator was only sodium carbonate, and the amount used was 2500 g / t. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Comparative Example 12

[0065] Compared with Example 3, the difference of this comparative example is that no combined activator is added. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0066] Table 3 Flotation test results / %

[0067]

[0068]

Claims

1. An application of a combined flotation activator for calcite-containing lead-zinc oxide ore, comprising the following steps: 1) Grind the raw ore to a particle size of less than 0.074 mm, with particles accounting for more than 85% of the total mass of the raw ore, and then add water to prepare the slurry to obtain the pre-selected slurry; 2) adding a combined activator to the preselected slurry obtained in step 1) and stirring to obtain an activated slurry; 3) adding an inhibitor to the activated slurry in step 2), stirring, and then adding a collector, and flotation to obtain a zinc oxide coarse concentrate; The combined activator comprises the following components by mass: 60-80 parts of sodium carbonate and 40-20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine; In step 3), the inhibitor comprises the following components by mass: 10-20 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate and 80-90 parts of sodium silicate; the collector comprises the following components by mass: 10-20 parts of dodecylamine and 80-90 parts of sodium oleate.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The combined activator comprises the following components by mass: 70-80 parts of sodium carbonate and 30-20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The combined activator comprises the following components by mass: 80 parts of sodium carbonate and 20 parts of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the mass percentage concentration of the raw ore in the preselected slurry is 20% to 50%.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 2), the addition amount of the combined activator relative to the original ore is 2000-3000 g / t.

6. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 3), the inhibitor is added in an amount of 1000-2000 g / t based on the original ore.

7. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 3), the amount of the collector added relative to the original ore is 500-1500 g / t.

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