A low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof. By weight percentage, it includes 60-70% of low-viscosity PAO, 20-30% of linseed oil, 5-10% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 2-3.5% of anticoagulant, 0.01-0.03% of rare earth, and 0.1-0.3% of modified inorganic nanomaterials. In the present invention, the combination of linseed oil with inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements in the lubricating oil can provide better friction and wear performance, improve high-temperature resistance performance, extend the service life of the lubricating oil, enhance antioxidant performance, reduce energy consumption and other advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricating oil applicable to low-temperature environments and belongs to the field of lubricating oils. Background Art

[0002] A lubricating oil is a functional substance applied to mutually contacting surfaces to reduce the resistance suffered by an object due to relative displacement, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing friction or wear. The raw materials of the lubricating oil are base oil and additives. The base oil is the main component of the lubricating oil and determines the basic properties of the lubricating oil. The additives can make up for and improve the deficiencies in the performance of the base oil and endow some new properties, and are an important part of the lubricating oil. The base oil mainly includes synthetic oil and mineral oil. When machinery operates in some special environments such as low-temperature environments, due to the too high low-temperature viscosity of traditional mineral lubricating oils, the resistance torque during the rotation of the mechanical crankshaft is large, resulting in the engine not reaching the specified minimum speed and being difficult to start; or it can start, but it is difficult to form effective lubrication due to the too high viscosity of the lubricating oil, which aggravates the wear of parts, running counter to the purpose. As a low-temperature lubricating oil, synthetic oil has a low viscosity and good fluidity at low temperatures, can quickly reach the lubrication part, realize quick lubrication and start-up. At the same time, synthetic oil usually has a high viscosity index and can maintain a relatively stable viscosity at different temperatures, effectively providing lubrication protection. However, synthetic oil has a higher cost compared to mineral oil, which makes the cost of synthetic oil in application higher. Although the combination of synthetic oil and mineral oil can effectively reduce the cost, they are both substances that are not easily decomposed and cause relatively serious environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a lubricating oil applicable to low-temperature environments, which solves the problems of high cost and not being easily decomposed of existing low-temperature lubricating oils.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 60-70% of low-viscosity PAO, 20-30% of linseed oil, 5-10% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2-3.5% of anticoagulant, 0.01-0.03% of rare earth, and 0.1-0.3% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

[0006] Further, preferably: it includes 60% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

[0007] Further, preferably: the low-viscosity PAO is PAO4, PAO5, PAO6, PAO7 or PAO8.

[0008] Further, preferably, the anticoagulant is methyl stearate.

[0009] Further, preferably, the rare earth is lanthanum oxide or cerium oxide.

[0010] Further, preferably, the preparation method of the modified inorganic nanomaterial is as follows:

[0011] (1) Dilute the silane coupling agent with ethanol at a ratio of 1:20, then adjust the pH to 3 - 4, hydrolyze at 25 - 40 °C for 1 - 2 h to obtain a hydrolyzed silane coupling solution;

[0012] (2) Add the inorganic nanomaterial into the hydrolyzed silane coupling solution obtained in step (1) to submerge the inorganic nanomaterial, mix evenly, maintain the temperature at 70 - 80 °C, and react for 6 - 8 h;

[0013] (3) After the reaction, rinse with pure water, dry, and obtain the modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0014] Further, preferably, the inorganic nanomaterial is nano - aluminum oxide, nano - molybdenum oxide or nano - silicon.

[0015] Further, preferably, the silane coupling agent is 3 - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0016] The preparation method of the low - temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0017] (1) Mix low - viscosity PAO, trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane and linseed oil evenly, react at 40 - 60 °C for 3 - 5 h;

[0018] (2) Then add the anticoagulant and mix evenly;

[0019] (3) Finally, add the rare earth and the modified inorganic nanomaterial in sequence, mix evenly, and filter to obtain the low - temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention adopts the combination of low - viscosity PAO, linseed oil and trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane. Low - viscosity PAO is a high - grade synthetic base oil, linseed oil is a vegetable oil, and trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane is a synthetic agent. The combined use of the three has the following advantages:

[0022] (1) Lubrication performance in a wide temperature range: Low-viscosity PAO has excellent low-temperature lubrication performance and high-temperature stability, and can provide stable lubrication performance within a wide temperature range; linseed oil has a high viscosity index and can maintain a stable viscosity at different temperatures; trifluoropropyl methyl polysiloxane has excellent high-temperature lubrication performance. The combined use of the three can give full play to their respective advantages and provide lubrication protection within a wider temperature range.

[0023] (2) Reduction of friction and wear: Low-viscosity PAO and trifluoropropyl methyl polysiloxane have low friction coefficients and excellent anti-wear performance, and can effectively reduce the friction and wear of mechanical components, extending the service life of equipment.

[0024] (3) Good oxidation stability: Low-viscosity PAO and trifluoropropyl methyl polysiloxane have good antioxidant properties, and can effectively inhibit the degradation of lubricants under high-temperature and oxidation conditions, extending the service life of lubricants.

[0025] (4) Good low-temperature starting performance: Linseed oil has a low viscosity and good low-temperature fluidity, and can quickly lubricate components at low temperatures, reducing friction and wear during startup.

[0026] (5) Environment-friendly and sustainable: These three lubricants are all renewable or sustainable, have a low environmental impact, and can provide stable performance over multiple usage cycles, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0027] (6) Compared with synthetic oil base oils or mineral base oils, the cost of linseed oil is lower than theirs, and the cost can be effectively reduced.

[0028] Linseed oil belongs to vegetable oil. Inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements have excellent friction and anti-wear properties, and can effectively reduce the friction and wear between mechanical components. After being compounded with linseed oil, these properties can be better exerted to provide more efficient lubrication protection.

[0029] Inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements have high thermal stability and high-temperature resistance, and can maintain stable lubrication performance under high-temperature conditions. The high-temperature resistance of linseed oil is relatively low, but through compounding, the overall high-temperature resistance of the lubricating oil can be improved.

[0030] The compounding of linseed oil with inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements can improve the durability and stability of the lubricating oil. Nanomaterials and rare earth elements can prevent premature decomposition or degradation of the oil, extending the service life of the lubricating oil.

[0031] Linseed oil has certain antioxidant properties, while inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements both have better antioxidant properties. After compounding, the lubricating oil can better resist oxidation under high temperature and oxidation conditions, reduce the degradation rate of the lubricating oil, and improve the durability of the lubricating performance.

[0032] The compounding of linseed oil with inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements can reduce the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil and reduce energy loss. This helps to improve the efficiency of the mechanical system and reduce energy consumption.

[0033] The compounding of linseed oil with inorganic nanomaterials and rare earth elements in the lubricating oil can provide advantages such as better friction and wear performance, higher high-temperature resistance, longer service life of the lubricating oil, enhanced antioxidant performance, and reduced energy consumption.

[0034] In the present invention, an inorganic nanomaterial is combined with a silane coupling agent. The surface of the inorganic nanomaterial has a high specific surface area and active sites, which can provide more contact points and load points, effectively reducing the friction coefficient, reducing wear and thermal fatigue. The silane coupling agent can cause the nanomaterial to combine with the matrix of the lubricating oil, increasing the dispersibility and stability of the nanomaterial and further improving the lubricating performance.

[0035] The inorganic nanomaterial has good antioxidant properties and can inhibit the degradation and oxidation reaction of the lubricating oil in a high-temperature and oxidation environment. The silane coupling agent can cause the nanomaterial to be better dispersed in the lubricating oil and enhance its compatibility with the lubricating oil matrix, further improving the antioxidant performance of the lubricating oil.

[0036] The compounding of the inorganic nanomaterial and the silane coupling agent can form a more stable lubricating film, reducing the risk of peeling and falling off of the lubricating film. This helps to protect mechanical components from the effects of friction and wear and extends the life of the lubricating oil and mechanical parts.

[0037] The silane coupling agent has good adsorption properties and can firmly combine the inorganic nanomaterial with the lubricating matrix, improving the load capacity and dispersibility of the nanomaterial. This can enhance the lubricating performance of the lubricating oil, reduce the precipitation and deposition of particulate matter, and reduce the wear and noise of the system. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The low-viscosity PAO in this embodiment is PAO4, PAO5, PAO6, PAO7 or PAO8. Different PAOs can be selected according to actual conditions, or a combination of them can be chosen.

[0040] The low-viscosity PAO used in the following embodiments of the present invention is PAO6. The trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane is DX-8012-300. The linseed oil is refined industrial linseed oil.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 60% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterial. The anticoagulant is methyl stearate. The rare earth is lanthanum oxide. The inorganic nanomaterial is nano-silicon. The silane coupling agent is 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0043] The preparation method of the modified inorganic nanomaterial is as follows:

[0044] (1) Dilute the silane coupling agent with ethanol at a ratio of 1:20, then adjust the pH to 4, hydrolyze at 35°C for 1 h to obtain a hydrolyzed silane coupling solution;

[0045] (2) Add the inorganic nanomaterial to the hydrolyzed silane coupling solution in step (1) to submerge the inorganic nanomaterial, mix evenly, keep the temperature at 70°C, and react for 8 h;

[0046] (3) After the reaction, rinse with pure water, dry, and obtain the modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0047] The preparation method of the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) Mix the low-viscosity PAO, trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane and linseed oil evenly, react at 40°C for 5 h;

[0049] (2) Then add the anticoagulant and mix evenly;

[0050] (3) Finally, add the rare earth and the modified inorganic nanomaterial in sequence, mix evenly, and filter to obtain the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 62% of low-viscosity PAO, 27% of linseed oil, 8.87% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 2% of anticoagulant, 0.03% of rare earth, and 0.1% of modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0053] The anticoagulant described above is methyl stearate.

[0054] The rare earth described above is lanthanum oxide.

[0055] The preparation method of the modified inorganic nanomaterial is as follows:

[0056] (1) Dilute the silane coupling agent with ethanol at a ratio of 1:20, then adjust the pH to 3, and hydrolyze at 40 °C for 1 h to obtain a hydrolyzed silane coupling solution;

[0057] (2) Add the inorganic nanomaterial to the hydrolyzed silane coupling solution in step (1) to submerge the inorganic nanomaterial, mix evenly, and maintain the temperature at 80 °C for 6 h;

[0058] (3) After the reaction is completed, rinse with pure water and dry to obtain the modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0059] The inorganic nanomaterial is nano-aluminum oxide.

[0060] The silane coupling agent is 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0061] The preparation method of the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil includes the following steps:

[0062] (1) Mix low-viscosity PAO, trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, and linseed oil evenly, react at 60 °C for 3 h;

[0063] (2) Then add the anticoagulant and mix evenly;

[0064] (3) Finally, add the rare earth and the modified inorganic nanomaterial in sequence, mix evenly, and filter to obtain the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 65% of low-viscosity PAO, 22.69% of linseed oil, 10% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2% of anticoagulant, 0.01% of rare earth, and 0.3% of modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0067] The anticoagulant described above is methyl stearate.

[0068] The rare earth described above is cerium oxide.

[0069] The preparation method of the modified inorganic nanomaterial is as follows:

[0070] (1) Dilute the silane coupling agent with ethanol at a ratio of 1:20, then adjust the pH to 3.5, and hydrolyze at 25 °C for 2 h to obtain a hydrolyzed silane coupling solution;

[0071] (2) Add the inorganic nanomaterial to the hydrolyzed silane coupling solution in step (1) to submerge the inorganic nanomaterial, mix evenly, maintain the temperature at 70 °C, and react for 7 h;

[0072] (3) After the reaction, rinse with pure water until clean and dry to obtain the modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0073] The inorganic nanomaterial is molybdenum oxide nanometer.

[0074] The silane coupling agent is 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0075] A preparation method of a low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil includes the following steps:

[0076] (1) Mix low-viscosity PAO, trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, and linseed oil evenly, react at 50 °C for 5 h;

[0077] (2) Then add an anticoagulant and mix evenly;

[0078] (3) Finally, add rare earth and the modified inorganic nanomaterial in sequence, mix evenly, and filter to obtain the low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, the difference is: A low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 65% of low-viscosity PAO, 24.38% of linseed oil, 7% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 3.4% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] Example 5 is basically the same as Example 1, the difference is: A low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 68% of low-viscosity PAO, 23.38% of linseed oil, 5% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 3.5% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.1% of modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, the difference is: A low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 70% of low-viscosity PAO, 20% of linseed oil, 6.29% of trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane, 3.5% of anticoagulant, 0.01% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterial.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: a low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 67.08% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 2.7% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: a low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 90% of low-viscosity PAO, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: a low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 60.2% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, and 0.02% of rare earth.

[0091] Comparative Example 4

[0092] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: a low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 60.02% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: a low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, includes 60.22% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, and 2.7% of anticoagulant.

[0095] Comparative Example 6

[0096] Basically the same as Example 1, with the difference that: the inorganic nanomaterials are not modified and are directly added.

[0097] The determination of the relevant indicators of the lubricating oil is as follows. The specific detection methods are as follows, and the detection data are shown in Table 1:

[0098] The kinematic viscosity was investigated using the national standard GB / T 265 Petroleum Products - Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity.

[0099] The viscosity index was investigated using the national standard GB / T 1995.

[0100] The pour point was investigated using the national standard GB / T 3535 Petroleum Products - Determination of Pour Point.

[0101] The low-temperature kinematic viscosity was investigated using the national standard GB / T 6538.

[0102] SH / T 0189 Determination method for anti-wear properties of lubricating oil (four-ball machine method). Test conditions: rotation speed 1500 r / min, temperature 70 °C, load 20 kg, test time 1 h.

[0103] Table 1 Test results of lubricating oil properties

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from Table 1, the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oils of the present invention all meet the corresponding standards. Compared with the existing lubricating oils, they have more excellent low-temperature performance. On the premise that the high-temperature kinematic viscosity at 100 °C is not less than 6 mm2 / s, their low-temperature kinematic viscosity at -35 °C can also meet the actual use requirements. It can be seen that the lubricating oil provided by the present invention can be used in extremely cold regions at -35 °C to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment in extremely cold regions, meeting the use requirements of the lubricating oil composition for universal use in the north and south and in winter and summer.

[0106] As can be seen from Comparative Example 1, when the trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane is reduced, the friction coefficient and wear scar diameter of the lubricating oil increase significantly, which is not conducive to extending the service life of the equipment.

[0107] As can be seen from Comparative Example 2, when linseed oil is not added, the low-temperature kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil increases significantly, which is not conducive to low-temperature starting.

[0108] As can be seen from Comparative Examples 3-6, without adding rare earths, modified inorganic nanomaterials or adopting single addition, the anti-friction system of the lubricating oil cannot be effectively improved. Especially when the inorganic nanomaterials are not modified, the influence on the friction coefficient is huge. It can be seen that the modification treatment of inorganic nanomaterials with silane coupling agent plays an important role, which can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and improve the service life of the equipment.

[0109] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, for those skilled in the art, the modifications and substitutions made without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil, by weight percentage, comprises 60 - 70% of low-viscosity PAO, 20 - 30% of linseed oil, 5 - 10% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2 - 3.5% of anticoagulant, 0.01 - 0.03% of rare earth, and 0.1 - 0.3% of modified inorganic nanomaterials; The preparation method of the said modified inorganic nanomaterials is as follows: (1) Dilute the silane coupling agent with ethanol at a ratio of 1:20, then adjust the pH to 3 - 4, hydrolyze at 25 - 40 °C for 1 - 2 h to obtain a hydrolyzed silane coupling solution; (2) Add the inorganic nanomaterials into the hydrolyzed silane coupling solution in step (1) to submerge the inorganic nanomaterials, mix evenly, keep the temperature at 70 - 80 °C, and react for 6 - 8 h; (3) After the reaction, rinse with pure water until clean, and dry to obtain the modified inorganic nanomaterials; The said inorganic nanomaterials are nano-aluminum oxide, nano-molybdenum oxide or nano-silicon.

2. The low-temperature environment-friendly lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Comprises 60% of low-viscosity PAO, 30% of linseed oil, 7.08% of trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane, 2.7% of anticoagulant, 0.02% of rare earth, and 0.2% of modified inorganic nanomaterials.

3. A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The said low-viscosity PAO is PAO4, PAO5, PAO6, PAO7 or PAO8.

4. A low-temperature environmentally friendly lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The said anticoagulant is methyl methacrylate, methyl stearate or polypropylene imine.

5. A low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The said rare earth is lanthanum oxide or cerium oxide.

6. The low-temperature environment-friendly lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein: The said silane coupling agent is 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

7. A preparation method of the low-temperature environment-friendly lubricating oil as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Comprises the following steps: (1) Mix the low-viscosity PAO, trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane and linseed oil evenly, react at 40 - 60 °C for 3 - 5 h; (2) Then add the anticoagulant and mix evenly; (3) Finally, add the rare earth and modified inorganic nanomaterials in sequence, mix evenly, and filter to obtain the low-temperature environmental protection lubricating oil.

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