Railway rail grinding device and turnout passing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a rail grinding device and a turnout passage method. The rail grinding device includes a mounting frame, at least two grinding units, and a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is connected between adjacent grinding units for relative lateral movement between them. Each grinding unit includes a support frame movably connected vertically to the mounting frame; a lateral moving mechanism movably connected laterally to the support frame; a grinding mechanism rotatably mounted on the lateral moving mechanism and positioned below the support frame; and a positioning mechanism for moving the grinding mechanism to the grinding position on the rail. The positioning mechanism is mounted on the lateral moving mechanism and positioned close to the side of the grinding mechanism. This invention enables safe passage through hazardous spaces in turnouts and ensures that the rail grinding device remains in close contact with the turnout rail during grinding, avoiding operational limitations and grinding blind spots, thereby improving the grinding accuracy and quality of the turnout rails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway maintenance equipment technology, and more specifically, to a rail grinding device. Furthermore, this invention also relates to a turnout passage method applied to the rail grinding device. Background Technology

[0002] Steel rails bear the enormous pressure and impact of high-speed, heavy-load trains for a long time, and their surfaces will develop defects such as fish-scale patterns, thick edges, wear and scratches. These defects come into contact with the train's wheels and rails, which will further damage the wheels and rails. If not treated in time, they may even seriously threaten the safety of train operation.

[0003] Currently, rail grinding machines are commonly used for rail maintenance and repair to remove rail defects. The core grinding component of the rail grinding machine is the rail grinding device, which uses a high-speed rotating grinding wheel to grind the rail. However, turnouts mainly consist of the switch section, connecting section, frog, and guard rail section. Among them, there is a gap between the narrowest point of the two wing rails and the tip of the frog, which is a harmful space for the turnout. When the running wheels at the bottom of the frame pass through this harmful space, they are prone to derailment. In addition, turnouts have multiple overlapping straight and curved rails. Since the grinding wheel is fixed in relative position to the frame, the grinding wheel at the bottom of the frame is prone to shifting laterally along the rails, making it easy for the grinding wheel to interfere with adjacent rails, resulting in restricted operation and grinding blind spots. This leads to poor grinding accuracy and quality of the turnout rails.

[0004] In summary, the goal is to provide a rail grinding device that can improve the grinding accuracy and quality of turnout rails. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail grinding device that can improve the grinding accuracy and grinding quality of turnout rails.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a turnout passage method applied to the above-mentioned rail grinding device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A rail grinding device includes a mounting frame, at least two grinding units, and a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is connected between adjacent grinding units to prevent relative movement between adjacent grinding units in the lateral direction. Each grinding unit includes:

[0009] A support frame is vertically movably connected to the mounting frame;

[0010] A lateral movement mechanism is movably connected to the support frame in a lateral direction;

[0011] A grinding mechanism for grinding steel rails, the grinding mechanism being rotatably mounted on the transverse mechanism and located below the support frame;

[0012] A positioning mechanism is used to move the grinding mechanism to the grinding position of the rail. The positioning mechanism is disposed on the transverse moving mechanism and is located on the side of the grinding mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the grinding unit further includes a pressing mechanism, which includes a vertical movement drive assembly, a connecting rod assembly, and a clamping assembly;

[0014] The linkage assembly is hinged between the mounting frame and the support frame, and the vertical movement drive assembly is vertically connected between the mounting frame and the support frame to drive the support frame to move vertically.

[0015] One end of the clamping assembly is rotatably mounted on the support frame, and when the support frame needs to be stopped moving, the other end of the clamping assembly is inserted into the mounting frame.

[0016] Preferably, the transverse movement mechanism includes a transverse movement drive assembly and a transverse movement support arranged vertically. The transverse movement support is provided on both sides of the support frame, and the grinding mechanism is provided between the two transverse movement supports. The power end of the transverse movement drive assembly is provided on the support frame, and the output end is provided on the transverse movement support in a transverse direction, so as to drive the grinding mechanism to move laterally.

[0017] Preferably, the lateral movement mechanism further includes a movable guide post and a movable guide sleeve. The movable guide post is arranged laterally and close to the side of the support frame. The movable guide sleeve is disposed at the end of the lateral movement support and is movably sleeved on the movable guide post.

[0018] Preferably, a hollow horizontal support is provided between the two transverse supports, and the grinding mechanism is sleeved in the hollow structure. The horizontal support is provided with an adjustable clamping member. When it is necessary to lock the grinding mechanism, the clamping member clamps the grinding mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes a housing, a grinding drive assembly, and a grinding wheel. The housing passes through the hollow structure, the grinding drive assembly is located at the upper part of the housing, the grinding wheel is located at the lower part of the housing via a rotating shaft and extends out of the housing, and the grinding drive assembly is kinetically connected to the rotating shaft.

[0020] Preferably, the outer side of the grinding wheel is provided with a protective cover, and one end of the protective cover is connected to a grinding powder collection device.

[0021] Preferably, both sides of the horizontal support are hinged between the two transverse supports, and a swing drive assembly is provided between the horizontal support and the transverse supports to drive the grinding mechanism to swing left and right in the transverse direction.

[0022] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking guide sleeve, a locking guide post arranged laterally, and a connecting assembly. The locking guide post is provided on both sides of the support frame, and the locking guide sleeve is fitted on each locking guide post. The connecting assembly connects the locking guide sleeves on adjacent support frames.

[0023] A turnout passage method, wherein the turnout passage method is applied to the rail grinding device described in any of the preceding claims, comprising:

[0024] The rail grinding device is controlled to grind through the turnout. The grinding unit is controlled to move from the straight rail to the curved rail. The lateral movement mechanism is controlled to move laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism of the grinding unit to contact the inner side of the rail. At the same time, the grinding mechanism of the grinding unit is moved to the rail grinding position for grinding.

[0025] When an adjacent grinding unit passes through the hazardous space of the turnout, the control locking mechanism locks the adjacent grinding unit. The positioning mechanism of the preceding grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit contacts the inner side of the rail. The control mechanism of the preceding grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail. The positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the control mechanism of the following grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail.

[0026] Compared to the aforementioned background technology, the rail grinding device provided by the present invention includes a mounting frame and at least two grinding units. Each grinding unit is mounted on a rail grinding vehicle via the mounting frame, and a locking mechanism is connected between adjacent grinding units to restrict lateral relative movement between adjacent grinding units. Each grinding unit includes a support frame, a lateral movement mechanism, a grinding mechanism, and a positioning mechanism. The support frame is movably connected vertically to the mounting frame, and the lateral movement mechanism is movably connected laterally to the support frame, allowing the lateral movement mechanism to move vertically and laterally relative to the mounting frame. The grinding mechanism is rotatably mounted on the lateral movement mechanism, thereby enabling adjustment of the grinding position of the grinding mechanism along the lateral and longitudinal directions of the rail. Furthermore, a positioning mechanism is provided on the lateral movement mechanism, near the grinding mechanism, allowing the positioning mechanism to move synchronously along the lateral and longitudinal directions of the rail, thereby causing the positioning mechanism to contact the inner surface of the rail.

[0027] During the rail grinding process in the turnout area, when the grinding unit moves from a straight rail to a curved rail, the lateral movement mechanism is controlled to move laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism to contact the inner surface of the rail. Simultaneously, the grinding mechanism moves laterally along the rail to the grinding position, where it rotates at high speed to perform grinding. This ensures a tight fit between the grinding mechanism and the grinding position, preventing grinding blind spots in the turnout. Furthermore, when adjacent grinding units pass through hazardous spaces in the turnout, the locking mechanism restricts lateral relative movement between them. Consequently, adjacent grinding units... The positioning mechanism of the unit will not be misaligned. The positioning mechanism of the front grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, while the positioning mechanism of the rear grinding unit remains in contact with the inner side of the rail. Then, the positioning mechanism of the front grinding unit continues to travel to the rail and remains in contact with the side of the rail. The positioning mechanism of the rear grinding unit falls into the hazardous space. Finally, the positioning mechanism of the rear grinding unit continues to travel to the rail and contacts the side of the rail, ensuring that at least one positioning mechanism is in contact with the side of the rail. This ensures that the rail grinding device safely passes through the hazardous space of the turnout and continues the grinding operation.

[0028] Therefore, the rail grinding device of this application can safely pass through the harmful space of the turnout and ensure that the rail grinding device is always in close contact with the turnout rail for grinding, avoiding the situation of restricted operation and the existence of grinding blind spots, thereby improving the grinding accuracy and grinding quality of the turnout rail. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding unit in a rail grinding device provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grinding mechanism of the grinding unit in a rail grinding device provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rail grinding device provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figures 1-3 In the accompanying drawings, the reference numerals include:

[0034] 1 is the mounting bracket, 2 is the support bracket, 3 is the grinding unit, 4 is the locking mechanism, 5 is the positioning mechanism, 6 is the vertical movement drive assembly, 7 is the vertical movement connecting rod, 8 is the clamping connecting rod, 9 is the first ear seat, 10 is the second ear seat, 11 is the third ear seat, 12 is the horizontal movement support, 13 is the moving guide post, 14 is the moving guide sleeve, 15 is the horizontal movement drive assembly, 16 is the horizontal support, 17 is the clamping component, 18 is the housing, 19 is the grinding wheel, 20 is the drive shaft, 21 is the grinding drive assembly, 22 is the drive belt, 23 is the swing drive assembly, 24 is the swing guide sleeve, and 25 is the locking guide post. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The core of this invention is to provide a rail grinding device that can improve the grinding accuracy and quality of turnout rails.

[0037] Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a turnout passage method applied to the aforementioned rail grinding device.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this application, "lateral" refers to the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail and located within the rail surface, and "vertical" refers to the direction perpendicular to the rail surface.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides a rail grinding device, including a mounting frame 1, at least two grinding units 3 and a locking mechanism 4. The rail grinding devices are provided on both sides of the vehicle frame. Each grinding unit 3 is mounted on the vehicle frame through the mounting frame 1. The locking mechanism 4 is connected between adjacent grinding units 3 to prevent adjacent grinding units 3 from moving relative to each other in the lateral direction.

[0040] Each grinding unit 3 includes a support frame 2, a transverse movement mechanism, a grinding mechanism, and a positioning mechanism 5. The support frame 2 is vertically movably connected to the mounting frame 1, and the transverse movement mechanism is horizontally movably connected to the support frame 2, allowing the transverse movement mechanism to move vertically and horizontally relative to the mounting frame 1. The grinding mechanism is rotatably mounted on the transverse movement mechanism, thereby enabling adjustment of the grinding position of the grinding mechanism along the transverse and longitudinal directions of the rail. Additionally, a positioning mechanism 5 is provided on the transverse movement mechanism, near the grinding mechanism, allowing the positioning mechanism 5 to move synchronously and horizontally along the rail, thus bringing it into contact with the inner surface of the rail. It should be noted that the main core component of the positioning mechanism 5 is a traveling wheel, the rim of which contacts the side of the rail.

[0041] During the rail grinding process in the turnout area, when grinding unit 3 moves from the straight rail to the curved rail, the center position of the chassis shifts relative to the center position of the curved rail. The control mechanism moves laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism 5 to contact the inner surface of the rail. Simultaneously, the grinding mechanism moves laterally along the rail to the grinding position, where it rotates at high speed. This high-speed rotation, combined with the reciprocating lateral movement of the moving mechanism along the rail, ensures the grinding mechanism remains in close contact with the grinding position, preventing grinding blind spots in the turnout. Furthermore, when an adjacent grinding unit 3 passes through a hazardous space in the turnout, the control mechanism 4 restricts the movement of the adjacent grinding unit 3. When the lateral relative movement occurs, the positioning mechanism 5 of the adjacent grinding unit 3 will not be misaligned. The positioning mechanism 5 of the front grinding unit 3 falls into the harmful space, while the positioning mechanism 5 of the rear grinding unit 3 remains in contact with the inner side of the rail. Then, the positioning mechanism 5 of the front grinding unit 3 continues to move to the rail and remains in contact with the side of the rail. The positioning mechanism 5 of the rear grinding unit 3 falls into the harmful space. Finally, the positioning mechanism 5 of the rear grinding unit 3 continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail, ensuring that at least one positioning mechanism 5 contacts the side of the rail. This ensures that the rail grinding device safely passes through the harmful space of the turnout and continues the grinding operation.

[0042] Therefore, the rail grinding device of this application can safely pass through the harmful space of the turnout and ensure that the rail grinding device is always in close contact with the turnout rail for grinding, avoiding the situation of restricted operation and the existence of grinding blind spots, thereby improving the grinding accuracy and grinding quality of the turnout rail.

[0043] It should be noted that the rail height varies in different sections of the turnout. The support frame 2 is vertically movable and connected to the mounting frame 1 to drive the grinding mechanism to move vertically, thereby further ensuring that the grinding mechanism fits the rail grinding position.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, the grinding unit 3 further includes a pressing mechanism, which includes a vertical movement drive assembly 6, a connecting rod assembly, and a clamping assembly. The connecting rod assembly is hinged between the mounting frame 1 and the support frame 2. The vertical movement drive assembly 6 is vertically connected between the mounting frame 1 and the support frame 2 to drive the support frame 2 to move vertically. One end of the clamping assembly is rotatably disposed on the support frame 2. When the support frame 2 needs to stop moving, the other end of the clamping assembly is inserted into the mounting frame 1.

[0045] Specifically, the pressing mechanism is used to drive the support frame 2 to move vertically, thereby driving the grinding mechanism to move vertically and adjusting the vertical distance between the grinding mechanism and the rail. The support frame 2 is provided with several first ear seats 9, and the several first ear seats 9 are symmetrically distributed in pairs on the side of the support frame 2. The mounting frame 1 is provided with several second ear seats 10, and the several second ear seats 10 are arranged one-to-one with the several first ear seats 9. The linkage assembly includes several vertical moving links 7, one end of each vertical moving link 7 is hinged to the first ear seat 9, and the other end is hinged to the second ear seat 10, so that the support frame 2 can be movably mounted on the mounting frame 1. To ensure that the support frame 2 moves only vertically relative to the mounting frame 1, a vertical movement drive assembly 6 is provided between the support frame 2 and the mounting frame 1. The vertical movement drive assembly 6 includes a first vertical movement cylinder and / or a second vertical movement cylinder, both of which are vertically arranged. One end of each of the first and second vertical movement cylinders is connected to the mounting frame 1, and the other end is connected to the support frame 2, so as to drive the support frame 2 vertically. To ensure that the support frame 2 is stably mounted on the mounting frame 1, a clamping assembly is provided between the support frame 2 and the mounting frame 1. The clamping assembly includes a third ear seat 11 and a clamping connecting rod 8. The third ear seat 11 is mounted on the support frame 2, and one end of the clamping connecting rod 8 is hinged to the third ear seat 11. When it is necessary to restrict the vertical movement of the support frame 2, the other end of the clamping connecting rod 8 is inserted into the slot of the mounting frame 1.

[0046] When the above structure is in use, if it is necessary to adjust the vertical distance between the grinding mechanism and the rail, the first vertical movement cylinder and the second vertical movement cylinder are activated to drive the support frame 2 to move vertically. The grinding mechanism moves vertically to the rail grinding position and the clamping rod 8 is inserted into the slot of the mounting frame 1 so that the grinding mechanism is fixed at the rail grinding position, thereby ensuring the grinding quality and grinding accuracy.

[0047] It should be noted that the types of the first and second vertical movement cylinders in this application are not unique; hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, or electric cylinders can be selected.

[0048] Based on the above embodiments, the lateral movement mechanism includes a lateral movement drive assembly 15 and a vertically arranged lateral movement support 12. Horizontal movement supports 12 are provided on both sides of the support frame 2, and a grinding mechanism is provided between the two lateral movement supports 12. A lateral movement drive assembly 15 is provided between each lateral movement support 12 and the support frame 2. The power end of the lateral movement drive assembly 15 is located on the support frame 2, and the output end is located laterally on the lateral movement support 12, allowing the lateral movement drive assembly 15 to reciprocate laterally on the support frame 2. Optionally, the lateral movement drive assembly 15 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.

[0049] Furthermore, the transverse movement mechanism also includes a movable guide post 13 and a movable guide sleeve 14. Both sides of the support frame 2 are provided with movable guide posts 13 arranged in a transverse direction, and each end of the transverse movement support 12 is provided with a movable guide sleeve 14. Each transverse movement support 12 is movably connected to the corresponding movable guide post 13 through the movable guide sleeve 14, so as to drive the grinding mechanism to move in a transverse direction.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, a hollow horizontal support 16 is provided between the two transverse supports 12. The grinding mechanism is sleeved in the hollow structure. An adjustable clamping member 17 is provided on the horizontal support 16. When it is necessary to lock the grinding mechanism, the clamping jaw of the clamping member 17 clamps the grinding mechanism.

[0051] Specifically, the horizontal support 16 is connected between two transverse supports 12, and the middle part of the horizontal support 16 is hollow. The grinding mechanism is fitted in the hollow structure so that the grinding mechanism can rotate relative to the horizontal support 16. A clamping member 17 is provided on the horizontal support 16 near the peripheral surface of the grinding mechanism, and the clamping member 17 is provided with a clamping groove facing the peripheral surface of the grinding mechanism. When the clamping groove is engaged with the peripheral surface of the grinding mechanism, the rotational movement of the grinding mechanism can be restricted.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, the grinding mechanism includes a housing 18, a grinding drive assembly 21, and a grinding wheel 19. The housing 18 has a hollow structure, the grinding drive assembly 21 is located at the upper part of the housing 18, and the grinding wheel 19 is located at the lower part of the housing 18 via a rotating shaft and extends outside the housing 18. The grinding drive assembly 21 is connected to the rotating shaft for transmission.

[0053] Specifically, the housing 18 is fitted within the horizontal support 16 and has a hollow structure. The grinding drive assembly 21 is a grinding motor. The grinding motor is located in the upper part of the housing 18, and its output shaft passes through the side of the housing 18 and extends out of the housing 18. A drive shaft 20 is located in the lower part of the housing 18, and its end passes through the side of the housing 18 and extends out of the housing 18. The grinding wheel 19 is rotatably fitted on the drive shaft 20, passes through the bottom of the housing 18 and extends out of the housing 18. The output shaft of the grinding motor and the drive shaft 20 of the grinding wheel 19 are connected by a drive belt 22. In use, the grinding motor is started, and its output shaft drives the drive shaft 20 to rotate via the drive belt 22, thereby rotating the grinding wheel 19 fitted on the drive shaft 20 and realizing the grinding operation of the grinding wheel 19.

[0054] Based on the above embodiment, both sides of the horizontal support 16 are hinged between two transverse supports 12, and a swing drive assembly 23 is provided between the horizontal support 16 and the transverse supports 12 to drive the grinding mechanism to swing left and right in the transverse direction.

[0055] Specifically, each of the two transverse supports 12 is provided with a swing guide sleeve 24 at its bottom, and each of the two sides of the horizontal support 16 is provided with a swing guide post corresponding to the swing guide sleeve 24. The swing guide post is rotatably fitted inside the swing guide sleeve 24. The power end of the swing drive assembly 23 is set on the transverse support 12 and the output end is set on the horizontal support 16, so that the horizontal support 16 can rotate at a certain angle relative to the transverse support 12, thereby enabling the horizontal support 16 to drive the grinding mechanism to swing left and right in the transverse direction. The above grinding structure is set in a cradle frame design, which enables the grinding mechanism to achieve a larger angle of deflection, further avoiding grinding blind spots and improving grinding accuracy and grinding quality.

[0056] Optionally, the swing drive assembly 23 of this application may be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, the locking mechanism 4 includes a locking guide sleeve, a locking guide post 25 arranged in the transverse direction, and a connecting component. Both sides of the support frame 2 are provided with locking guide posts 25, and each locking guide post 25 is fitted with a locking guide sleeve. The connecting component connects the locking guide sleeves on adjacent support frames 2.

[0058] Specifically, each support frame 2 is provided with a locking guide post 25 on both sides, and a movable locking guide sleeve is fitted on each locking guide post 25. The locking guide sleeve is an expansion sleeve, which allows the grinding unit 3 to move within the locking guide sleeve through the locking guide post 25. When the rail grinding device passes through the turnout hazardous space, that is, each grinding unit 3 passes through the turnout hazardous space in sequence, the locking guide sleeves on adjacent grinding units 3 are expanded and connected through the connecting component, so that adjacent grinding units 3 do not move laterally relative to each other, so as to enable the rail grinding device to pass through the turnout hazardous space smoothly.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, a protective cover is provided on the outside of the grinding wheel 19, and a grinding powder collection device is connected to one end of the protective cover to realize the collection of grinding powder.

[0060] In addition to the aforementioned rail grinding device, the present invention also provides a turnout passage method, which is applied to the aforementioned rail grinding device. The turnout passage method includes:

[0061] The rail grinding device is controlled to grind through the turnout. The grinding unit is controlled to move from the straight rail to the curved rail. The lateral movement mechanism is controlled to move laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism of the grinding unit to contact the inner side of the rail. At the same time, the grinding mechanism of the grinding unit is moved to the rail grinding position for grinding.

[0062] When an adjacent grinding unit passes through the hazardous space of the turnout, the control locking mechanism locks the adjacent grinding unit. The positioning mechanism of the preceding grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit contacts the inner side of the rail. The control mechanism of the preceding grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail. The positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the control mechanism of the following grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail. The rail grinding device safely passes through the hazardous space of the turnout and continues the grinding operation.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0064] The rail grinding device and turnout passage method provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail grinding device, wherein two rail grinding devices are respectively disposed on both sides of a vehicle frame, characterized in that, The rail grinding device includes a mounting frame (1), at least two grinding units (3), and a locking mechanism (4). Each grinding unit (3) is mounted on the vehicle frame via the mounting frame (1). The locking mechanism (4) is connected between adjacent grinding units (3) to prevent relative movement between adjacent grinding units (3) in the lateral direction. The grinding unit (3) includes: The support frame (2) is vertically movably connected to the mounting frame (1); A transverse movement mechanism is movably connected to the support frame (2) in the transverse direction. A grinding mechanism for grinding steel rails, the grinding mechanism being rotatably mounted on the transverse mechanism and located below the support frame (2); The positioning mechanism (5) is used to move the grinding mechanism to the grinding position of the rail. The positioning mechanism (5) is located on the transverse mechanism and is located near the side of the grinding mechanism. The positioning mechanism (5) includes a traveling wheel, and the rim of the traveling wheel is used to contact the inner side of the rail. The transverse mechanism moves laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism (5) to contact the inner side of the rail, and at the same time causing the grinding mechanism to move laterally along the rail to the grinding position. The transverse movement mechanism includes a transverse movement drive assembly (15) and a transverse movement support (12) arranged vertically. The transverse movement support (12) is provided on both sides of the support frame (2), and the grinding mechanism is provided between the two transverse movement supports (12). The power end of the transverse movement drive assembly (15) is provided on the support frame (2), and the output end is provided on the transverse movement support (12) in the transverse direction, so as to drive the grinding mechanism to move laterally. The transverse mechanism further includes a movable guide post (13) and a movable guide sleeve (14). The movable guide post (13) is arranged in the transverse direction and close to the side of the support frame (2). The movable guide sleeve (14) is located at the end of the transverse support (12) and is movably sleeved on the movable guide post (13). A hollow horizontal support (16) is provided between the two transverse supports (12), and the grinding mechanism is sleeved in the hollow structure. An adjustable clamping member (17) is provided on the horizontal support (16). When the grinding mechanism needs to be locked, the clamping jaw of the clamping member (17) clamps the grinding mechanism. The locking mechanism (4) includes a locking guide sleeve, a locking guide post (25) arranged in the transverse direction, and a connecting component. The locking guide post (25) is provided on both sides of the support frame (2), and the locking guide sleeve is sleeved on each of the locking guide posts (25). The connecting component is connected between the locking guide sleeves on adjacent support frames (2).

2. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding unit (3) also includes a pressing mechanism, which includes a vertical drive assembly (6), a connecting rod assembly, and a clamping assembly; The linkage assembly is hinged between the mounting frame (1) and the support frame (2), and the vertical movement drive assembly (6) is vertically connected between the mounting frame (1) and the support frame (2) to drive the support frame (2) to move vertically; One end of the clamping assembly is rotatably disposed on the support frame (2), and when the support frame (2) needs to be stopped moving, the other end of the clamping assembly is inserted into the mounting frame (1).

3. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding mechanism includes a housing (18), a grinding drive assembly (21), and a grinding wheel (19). The housing (18) has the hollow structure through it. The grinding drive assembly (21) is located on the upper part of the housing (18). The grinding wheel (19) is located on the lower part of the housing (18) via a rotating shaft and extends to the outside of the housing (18). The grinding drive assembly (21) is connected to the rotating shaft in a transmission connection.

4. The rail grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the grinding wheel (19) is provided with a protective cover, and one end of the protective cover is connected to a grinding powder collection device.

5. The rail grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the horizontal support (16) are hinged between the two transverse supports (12), and a swing drive assembly (23) is provided between the horizontal support (16) and the transverse support (12) to drive the grinding mechanism to swing left and right in the transverse direction.

6. A method for passing through a turnout, characterized in that, The turnout passage method is applied to the rail grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: The rail grinding device is controlled to grind through the turnout. The grinding unit is controlled to move from the straight rail to the curved rail. The lateral movement mechanism is controlled to move laterally along the rail, causing the positioning mechanism of the grinding unit to contact the inner side of the rail. At the same time, the grinding mechanism of the grinding unit is moved to the rail grinding position for grinding. When an adjacent grinding unit passes through the hazardous space of the turnout, the control locking mechanism locks the adjacent grinding unit. The positioning mechanism of the preceding grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit contacts the inner side of the rail. The control mechanism of the preceding grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail. The positioning mechanism of the following grinding unit falls into the hazardous space, and the control mechanism of the following grinding unit continues to move to the rail and contacts the side of the rail.

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