A building foundation surveying apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a building foundation surveying device and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building foundation surveying devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of building foundation technology, and in particular to a building foundation surveying device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Building foundations are divided into natural foundations and artificial foundations. A natural foundation is a foundation that can directly bear the load of a building without any treatment. Conversely, an artificial foundation is a foundation that needs to be treated with foundation treatment technology. After construction is completed, the foundation needs to be surveyed to determine whether it meets the standards.

[0003] Publication No. CN 114541355 B discloses a building foundation safety surveying device and method, including a support frame composed of a base plate, support rods, and a work box. Several support rods are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, and the work box is fixedly installed on the top of the support rods. A movable structure is installed on the work box, a fixed plate is installed on the movable structure, a lifting structure is installed on the fixed plate, and a surveying structure is installed on the lifting structure. Several testing instruments are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, and the surveying structure can be located above the testing instruments. The surveying structure includes a probe rod, and a force-bearing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the probe rod. This invention allows for the detection of multiple properties of the foundation in a single survey, thereby improving surveying efficiency and reducing costs.

[0004] However, similar building foundation surveying equipment and methods described above involve inserting a soil sampling device into the soil to collect samples, which are then tested. However, each sample can only be taken from a certain depth. In actual building foundation surveying, workers need to test soil at different depths to obtain comprehensive foundation survey data and achieve more accurate survey results. However, using the aforementioned device for soil sampling requires multiple samplings at different depths, making the operation quite cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this application is to provide a building foundation surveying device and method capable of extracting soil from different depths for testing in a single operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a building foundation surveying device, comprising a base, a telescopic mechanism, and a soil sampling mechanism; the telescopic mechanism is installed on the base, and the soil sampling mechanism is connected to the telescopic mechanism; the soil sampling mechanism includes a fixed plate, a second motor, a soil sampling bucket, and multiple soil-holding trays; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic mechanism, the soil sampling bucket is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and the second motor is fixedly installed on the fixed plate to drive the soil sampling bucket to rotate circumferentially; the side of the soil sampling bucket is provided with multiple soil inlets equidistantly along the axial direction, and the side of the soil sampling bucket is slidably equipped with a mechanism for... A movable plate that elastically closes the soil inlet; the soil-holding tray is located inside the soil-taking bucket and corresponds to each of the soil inlets; the soil-holding tray and the soil-taking bucket are connected by a vibration mechanism; when the soil-taking mechanism extends into the soil under the drive of the telescopic mechanism; the second motor is adapted to drive the soil-taking bucket to rotate; the movable plate slides along the direction of the soil-taking bucket opening towards the soil inlet under the pressure of the soil through the extended baffle; and the baffle is adapted to scrape soil into the soil-holding tray during the sliding process; at the same time, the soil-holding tray vibrates axially through the vibration mechanism during the rotation of the soil-taking bucket.

[0007] Preferably, a top plate fixed to the base is provided above the base; the telescopic mechanism includes a first motor fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the top plate, a fixed housing fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the top plate, a threaded screw rotatably connected to the inner walls of the top and bottom of the fixed housing, and a slider slidably disposed on the outer wall of the threaded screw via a thread. The top of the threaded screw is fixedly disposed between the top of the threaded screw and the output shaft of the first motor. Connection ports are opened on both sides of the fixed housing. A connecting block is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connection port. The bottom of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0008] Preferably, the soil sampling mechanism includes a soil guiding mechanism, which comprises a limiting mechanism and a rotating mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes a fixed rod and multiple movable blocks. Movable slots are equidistantly formed on both sides of the outer circumference of the fixed rod. The movable blocks are slidably disposed on the inner wall of the movable slots. Two movable blocks located on the same horizontal plane are fixedly connected to a soil-holding tray, preventing the soil-holding tray from rotating on the fixed rod. The rotating mechanism includes fixed discs equidistantly connected to the inner wall of the soil sampling bucket. The fixed discs are sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod. The soil sampling bucket, in conjunction with a second motor, rotates, driving the fixed discs to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the soil-drawing mechanism further includes a vibration mechanism, which includes a plurality of vibration blocks fixedly connected to the opposite side of the soil-holding plate and the fixed plate. The vibration blocks are hemispherical. The vibration blocks on the fixed plate cooperate with the rotation mechanism to squeeze the vibration blocks on the soil-holding plate, thereby driving the soil-holding plate to vibrate up and down.

[0010] Preferably, the soil-holding tray is inverted funnel shape.

[0011] Preferably, the outer circumference of the soil sampling bucket has four first insertion holes at equal intervals, the outer wall of the soil holding tray has four second insertion holes, and the top of the base is provided with a detection mechanism. The detection mechanism includes a surveying mechanism and a driving mechanism. The surveying mechanism includes four fixed frames and multiple detection modules fixedly connected to one end of the fixed frames. The four detection modules located on the same horizontal plane are a soil moisture detection module, a soil hardness detection module, a soil pH detection module, and a soil nutrient detection module. The driving mechanism drives the surveying mechanism to insert into the soil holding tray through the first and second insertion holes to detect the soil.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes four first racks fixedly connected to the top of the base, four mounting cavities opened in the detection ring, a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear rotatably connected in the mounting cavities, and a second rack slidably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting cavity. The bottom of the mounting cavity has a sliding groove, and a sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The sliding block is fixedly connected to the second rack, and the second rack is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The third gear meshes with the first rack, and the second gear meshes between the first gear and the third gear. The first gear meshes with the second rack. The side of the mounting cavity away from the detection module has a rotation opening so that the third gear meshes with the first rack.

[0013] Preferably, the driving mechanism further includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two connecting rods, an mounting plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame, a moving rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a limiting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving rod. The top of the mounting cavity has a moving opening, and the moving rod is inserted into the moving opening. When the telescopic mechanism drives the soil sampling mechanism to move upward to the first insertion hole and the detection module at the same horizontal plane, the top of the limiting plate contacts the top inner wall of the mounting cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the soil-collecting bucket includes a first half-bucket and a second half-bucket, with the first half-bucket and the second half-bucket hinged at opposite ends. One end of the first half-bucket has a slot, and one end of the second half-bucket is fixedly connected to a locking block that engages with the slot, so that the soil-collecting bucket can be unfolded to remove the soil from the soil-holding tray. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the first half-bucket, but not to the second half-bucket.

[0015] A method for using a building foundation surveying device includes the following steps:

[0016] The first step is to fix the base on the foundation to be surveyed, and then start the first motor to extend the soil sampling mechanism into the soil.

[0017] The second step is to start the second motor when the soil bucket reaches the designated position. The second motor will drive the soil bucket to rotate 300 degrees clockwise. During this process, the soil squeezing baffle will drive the movable plate to fully open the soil inlet. As the rotation continues, the baffle will scrape the surrounding soil, allowing the soil to enter the soil bucket through the soil inlet.

[0018] The third step involves the vibration mechanism causing the soil-collecting tray to vibrate during the soil-collecting process using the soil-collecting bucket.

[0019] The fourth step is to rotate the second motor counterclockwise by 300 degrees after the soil is taken out. This will cause the movable plate to return to its original position by squeezing the spring. At this time, the baffle will contact the 300-degree fan ring formed by the soil. Continue to rotate 50 degrees. The resistance of the soil will push the baffle to make the movable plate completely close.

[0020] Fifth step, then the first motor reverses, driving the soil sampling bucket to move up until the limit plate contacts the top of the installation cavity, after which the first motor continues to work, driving the detection ring and the soil sampling bucket to move up synchronously;

[0021] Step 6: When the detection ring moves upward, it is suitable to drive the detection module to be inserted into the soil-holding tray through the first and second sockets to detect the soil.

[0022] Step 7: Once the testing is complete, remove the soil.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0024] The soil sampling mechanism allows for rapid collection of soil from multiple depths, eliminating the need for repeated soil sampling by the user and simplifying operation. The soil guiding mechanism directs soil to the bottom of the soil-collecting tray during sampling, preventing soil residue from affecting the closure of the movable plate. The monitoring mechanism allows for soil testing as the sampling bucket moves upwards after collection, enhancing testing convenience. The design of locking blocks and slots facilitates the cleaning of the tested soil for future use. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the new soil-collecting bucket and soil-breaking block of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the threaded lead screw and slider of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable plate and baffle of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the soil-holding plate, the fixing plate, and the vibrating block of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a partial top sectional view of the compression spring and shrinkage groove of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a partial front sectional view of the moving block and moving groove of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a partial front cross-sectional view of the first rack and the third gear of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a partial top-view cross-sectional structural diagram of the first and second half-buckets of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the annular tooth groove and transmission gear of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a state diagram of the first insertion hole and the detection module before the soil sampling bucket is tested according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a state diagram of the first insertion hole and the detection module when the soil sampling bucket of the present invention is being tested.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Support rod; 102. Top plate; 2. First motor; 201. Fixed housing; 202. Connection port; 203. Connecting block; 204. Threaded screw; 205. Sliding block; 3. Second motor; 301. Fixed plate; 302. Soil-collecting bucket; 303. Soil-breaking block; 304. Transmission gear; 305. First insertion hole; 306. Movable plate; 307. Baffle; 308. Fixed rod; 309. Soil-collecting tray; 310. Fixed plate; 311. Vibrating block; 312. Shrinkage groove; 313. Compression spring; 314. Soil inlet; 315. Moving element. 316. Moving groove; 317. Annular toothed groove; 4. Detection ring; 401. Moving rod; 402. Fixing frame; 403. Mounting plate; 404. First rack; 405. Second insertion hole; 406. Mounting cavity; 407. Second rack; 408. Detection module; 409. Sliding block; 410. First gear; 411. Second gear; 412. Third gear; 413. Sliding groove; 414. Rotating port; 415. Moving port; 416. Limiting plate; 417. Fixing frame; 5. Locking block; 501. Locking groove; 502. First half-bucket; 503. Second half-bucket. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0041] One preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a building foundation surveying device includes a base 1 with an opening at the top. Support rods 101 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the top of the base 1, and the tops of the four support rods 101 are fixedly connected to the same top plate 102. The device also includes a telescopic mechanism, a soil sampling mechanism, and a soil breaking mechanism. The telescopic mechanism is installed at the bottom of the top plate 102. The soil sampling mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism drives the soil sampling mechanism to move and sample soil. The soil sampling mechanism includes two connecting rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic mechanism, a fixed plate 301 fixedly connected to the bottom of the two connecting rods, a second motor 3 fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate 301, a soil sampling bucket 302 rotatably connected to the middle of the bottom of the fixed plate 301, multiple movable plates 306 equidistantly distributed vertically, and a fixedly connected... The outer wall of plate 306 has a baffle 307. The outer circumference of the soil-taking bucket 302 has soil inlets 314 at equal intervals. One side of the inner wall of the soil inlet 314 has a shrinkage groove 312. The movable plate 306 is slidably disposed in the shrinkage groove 312. A compression spring 313 is fixedly connected between the movable plate 306 and the shrinkage groove 312. A fixed rod 308 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the fixed plate 301. Soil-holding trays 309 are evenly disposed on the outer circumference of the fixed rod 308. An annular toothed groove 317 is opened at the top of the inner circumference of the soil-taking bucket 302. The output shaft of the second motor 3 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 304. The transmission gear 304 meshes with the annular toothed groove 317. The soil-breaking mechanism includes a conical soil-breaking block 303. The soil-breaking block 303 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 308. The soil-breaking block 303 cooperates with the telescopic mechanism to break the soil.

[0042] The soil is broken by the soil breaking mechanism, which in turn drives the soil taking mechanism to enter the soil in conjunction with the telescopic mechanism. The second motor 3 drives the soil taking bucket 302 to rotate 300 degrees, so that the soil is scraped by the baffle 307 and enters the soil collecting pan 309 through the soil inlet 314 in the soil taking bucket 302, thereby collecting soil at different depths.

[0043] At the same time, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic mechanism may include a first motor 2 fixedly connected to the top center of the top plate 102, a fixed housing 201 fixedly connected to the bottom center of the top plate 102, a threaded rod 204 rotatably connected to the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the fixed housing 201, and a slider 205 slidably disposed on the outer wall of the threaded rod 204 via a thread. The top of the threaded rod 204 is fixedly disposed between the top of the threaded rod 204 and the output shaft of the first motor 2. Both sides of the fixed housing 201 have connection ports 202. A connecting block 203 is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connection port 202. The bottom of the connecting block 203 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0044] It should be noted that the first motor 2 drives the threaded screw 204 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider 205 to move up and down, thereby driving the soil collection bucket 302 to move up and down to complete the soil collection.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the soil-taking mechanism is equipped with a soil-guiding mechanism, which includes a limiting mechanism and a rotating mechanism. The limiting mechanism includes multiple moving blocks 315. Moving slots 316 are equally spaced on both sides of the outer circumference of the fixed rod 308. The moving blocks 315 are slidably disposed on the inner wall of the moving slots 316. Two moving blocks 315 located on the same horizontal plane are fixedly connected to the soil-holding tray 309 so that the soil-holding tray 309 cannot rotate on the fixed rod 308. The rotating mechanism includes a fixed plate 310 that is fixedly connected at equal distances to the inner wall of the soil-taking bucket 302. The fixed plate 310 is sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod 308. The soil-taking bucket 302 rotates in conjunction with the second motor 3, driving the fixed plate 310 to rotate.

[0046] The soil-drawing mechanism also includes a vibration mechanism, which includes multiple vibration blocks 311 fixedly connected to the opposite side of the soil-collecting tray 309 and the fixed tray 310. The vibration blocks 311 are hemispherical. The vibration blocks 311 on the fixed tray 310 cooperate with the rotation mechanism to squeeze the vibration blocks 311 on the soil-collecting tray 309, thereby driving the soil-collecting tray 309 to vibrate up and down. The design of the vibration blocks 311 facilitates the vibration of the soil-collecting tray 309, effectively introducing the collected soil to the bottom of the soil-collecting tray 309, and avoiding soil residue on the soil inlet 314, which would affect the closing of the movable plate 306.

[0047] Furthermore, the soil-holding tray 309 is shaped like an inverted trumpet, which facilitates the soil falling into the bottom of the soil-holding tray 309.

[0048] It should be noted that, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the outer circumference of the soil-collecting bucket 302 has four first insertion holes 305 evenly spaced, and the outer wall of the soil-holding tray 309 has four second insertion holes 405. A detection mechanism is installed on the top of the base 1. The detection mechanism includes a surveying mechanism and a driving mechanism. The surveying mechanism includes four fixed frames 417 and multiple detection modules 408 fixedly connected to one end of each fixed frame 417. The four detection modules located on the same horizontal plane are a soil moisture detection module, a soil hardness detection module, a soil pH detection module, and a soil nutrient detection module. The driving mechanism drives the surveying mechanism through the first insertion holes... The holes 305 and 405 are inserted into the soil-holding tray 309 to test the soil. The driving mechanism includes four first racks 404 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, four mounting cavities 406 opened in the detection ring 4, a first gear 410, a second gear 411 and a third gear 412 rotatably connected in the mounting cavities 406, and a second rack 407 slidably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting cavity 406. A sliding groove 413 is opened at the bottom of the mounting cavity 406, and a sliding block 409 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 413. The sliding block 409 and the second rack 407 are connected to each other. The first gear 404 is fixedly connected to the second rack 407 and the fixed frame 417. The third gear 412 meshes with the first rack 404. The second gear 411 meshes between the first gear 410 and the third gear 412. The first gear 410 meshes with the second rack 407. The mounting cavity 406 has a rotating opening 414 on the side away from the detection module 408 so that the third gear 412 meshes with the first rack 404. The drive mechanism also includes a fixed frame 402 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two connecting rods and a mounting plate 4 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame 402. 03. A movable rod 401 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 403, and a limiting plate 416 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable rod 401. The top of the mounting cavity 406 has a movable opening 415, and the movable rod 401 is inserted into the movable opening 415. When the telescopic mechanism drives the soil sampling mechanism to move upward until the first insertion hole 305 is on the same horizontal plane as the detection module 408, the top of the limiting plate 416 contacts the top inner wall of the mounting cavity 406. Through the above structure, the soil can be tested during the process of moving the soil sampling bucket upward after the soil collection is completed, which increases the convenience of testing.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 9As shown, the soil sampling bucket 302 includes a first half-bucket 502 and a second half-bucket 503. The first half-bucket 502 and the second half-bucket 503 are hinged at opposite ends. One end of the first half-bucket 502 has a slot 501. One end of the second half-bucket 503 is fixedly connected to a locking block 5 that engages with the slot 501, so that the soil sampling bucket 302 can be unfolded to remove the soil from the soil-holding tray 309. The fixing tray 310 is fixedly connected to the first half-bucket 502, but not to the second half-bucket 503. The design of the locking block 5 and the slot 501 facilitates the cleaning of the soil after testing, making it convenient for the next use.

[0050] A method for using a building foundation surveying device includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. First, fix the base 1 to the foundation to be surveyed with screws. Then, start the first motor 2. The first motor 2 drives the threaded screw 204 to rotate, thereby causing the slider 205 to move down through the connecting block 203 and the connecting port 202. The connecting rod drives the fixing plate 301 to move down. When the fixing plate 301 moves down, it drives the soil bucket 302 and the soil breaking block 303 to move down. The soil breaking block 303 drives the soil bucket 302 into the soil of the foundation.

[0052] S2, when the soil-collecting bucket 302 reaches the designated position, the second motor 3 is started. The second motor 3 drives the transmission gear 304 to rotate. Under the action of the annular tooth groove 317, the soil-collecting bucket 302 rotates clockwise by 300 degrees. At this time, the soil first squeezes the baffle 307, thereby causing the compression spring 313 to contract. This causes the movable plate 306 to contract into the contraction groove 312. When the compression spring 313 contracts to the point where it cannot contract further, the movable plate 306 is in a fully open state. When it continues to rotate, the baffle 307 will scrape the surrounding soil, allowing the soil to enter the soil-collecting bucket 302 through the soil inlet 314.

[0053] S3, after the soil enters the soil-collecting bucket 302, it will fall into the soil-collecting tray 309. At the same time, under the action of the fixed rod 308, the soil-collecting tray 309 cannot rotate. The rotation of the soil-collecting bucket 302 drives the fixed plate 310 to rotate. The vibrating block 311 on the fixed plate 310 will continuously squeeze the vibrating block 311 at the bottom of the soil-collecting tray 309. Thus, with the cooperation of the moving block 315 and the moving groove 316, the soil-collecting tray 309 vibrates up and down, allowing the soil to enter the bottom of the soil-collecting tray 309.

[0054] S4. When the soil collection bucket 302 rotates 300 degrees clockwise, the soil collection is completed, and the soil forms a 300-degree fan ring. The second motor 3 drives the soil collection bucket 302 to rotate 350 degrees counterclockwise. When it rotates 300 degrees counterclockwise, the elastic force of the compression spring 313 drives the movable plate 306 to reset. At this time, the baffle 307 contacts the 300-degree fan ring formed by the soil. It continues to rotate 50 degrees. Through the resistance of the soil, it pushes the baffle 307 to make the movable plate 306 completely close, thus completing the soil collection.

[0055] S5, then the second motor 3 drives the soil collection bucket 302 to rotate 50 degrees clockwise, so that the soil collection bucket 302 is reset, and the first insertion hole 305 is aligned with the second insertion hole 405. After the soil collection is completed, the first motor 2 reverses and drives the soil collection bucket 302 to move upward. When the soil collection bucket 302 moves upward to the point where the first insertion hole 305 is aligned with the detection module 408, the limit plate 416 contacts the top of the mounting cavity 406. The first motor 2 continues to work, driving the detection ring 4 and the soil collection bucket 302 to move upward synchronously.

[0056] S6, when the detection ring 4 moves upward, the first rack 404 drives the third gear 412 to rotate, which in turn drives the second gear 411 and the first gear 410 to rotate, thereby driving the second rack 407 to move towards the soil bucket 302, and further driving the detection module 408 to be inserted into the soil holding tray 309 through the first insertion hole 305 and the second insertion hole 405 to detect the soil.

[0057] S7. After the test is completed, open the second half-bucket 503 through the card block 5 and card slot 501, and then take out the soil.

[0058] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely the principles of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection claimed by this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building foundation surveying device, comprising: Base; Telescopic mechanism; the telescopic mechanism is mounted on the base; A soil sampling mechanism; the soil sampling mechanism includes a fixed plate, a second motor, a soil sampling bucket, and multiple soil holding trays; the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic mechanism, the soil sampling bucket is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and the second motor is fixedly installed on the fixed plate to drive the soil sampling bucket to rotate in a circular motion; The soil sampling bucket has multiple soil inlets equidistantly arranged on its side along the axial direction. A movable plate is slidably installed on the side of the soil sampling bucket to elastically close the soil inlets. The soil holding tray is located inside the soil sampling bucket and corresponds to each of the soil inlets. The soil holding tray and the soil sampling bucket are coordinated by a vibration mechanism. When the soil sampling mechanism extends into the soil under the drive of the telescopic mechanism, the second motor is adapted to drive the soil sampling bucket to rotate. During the rotation of the soil sampling bucket, the movable plate slides along the direction of the soil sampling bucket opening towards the soil inlet under the pressure of the soil through the extended baffle. During the sliding process, the baffle is adapted to scrape soil into the soil holding tray. At the same time, the soil holding tray vibrates axially through the vibration mechanism during the rotation of the soil sampling bucket. The soil extraction mechanism is equipped with a soil guiding mechanism, which includes: A limiting mechanism includes a fixed rod and multiple movable blocks. The fixed rod has equally spaced movable slots on both sides of its outer circumference. Each movable block is slidably disposed on the inner wall of one of the movable slots. Two movable blocks on the same horizontal plane are fixedly connected to a soil-holding tray, preventing the tray from rotating on the fixed rod. The rotating mechanism has fixed plates fixedly connected at equal intervals to the inner wall of the soil-collecting bucket. The fixed plates are sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod. The soil-collecting bucket rotates in conjunction with the second motor, which drives the fixed plates to rotate. The soil-drawing mechanism further includes a vibration mechanism, which includes multiple vibration blocks fixedly connected to the opposite side of the soil-holding plate and the fixed plate. The vibration blocks are hemispherical. The vibration blocks on the fixed plate cooperate with the rotation mechanism to squeeze the vibration blocks on the soil-holding plate, thereby driving the soil-holding plate to vibrate up and down. The soil-collecting bucket has four first insertion holes evenly spaced on its outer circumference, the soil-holding tray has four second insertion holes on its outer wall, and a detection mechanism is provided on the top of the base. The detection mechanism includes: The surveying and mapping organization includes four fixed frames and multiple detection modules fixedly connected to one end of the fixed frames. The four detection modules located on the same horizontal plane are a soil moisture detection module, a soil hardness detection module, a soil pH detection module, and a soil nutrient detection module. A driving mechanism that drives a surveying mechanism to be inserted into a soil-filling tray through a first and a second insertion hole to test the soil. The driving mechanism includes four first racks fixedly connected to the top of the base, four mounting cavities opened in the detection ring, a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear rotatably connected in the mounting cavities, and a second rack slidably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the mounting cavity. The bottom of the mounting cavity has a sliding groove, and a sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The sliding block is fixedly connected to the second rack, and the second rack is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The third gear meshes with the first rack, and the second gear meshes between the first gear and the third gear. The first gear meshes with the second rack. The side of the mounting cavity away from the detection module has a rotation opening so that the third gear meshes with the first rack. The driving mechanism also includes a fixed frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the two connecting rods, an mounting plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed frame, a moving rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a limiting plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving rod. The top of the mounting cavity has a moving opening, and the moving rod is inserted into the moving opening. When the telescopic mechanism drives the soil sampling mechanism to move upward to the first insertion hole and the detection module at the same level, the top of the limiting plate contacts the top inner wall of the mounting cavity.

2. The building foundation surveying equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A top plate fixed to the base is provided above the base; the telescopic mechanism includes a first motor fixedly connected to the top center of the top plate, a fixed housing fixedly connected to the bottom center of the top plate, a threaded screw rotatably connected to the top inner wall and bottom inner wall of the fixed housing, and a slider slidably disposed on the outer wall of the threaded screw through the thread. The top of the threaded screw is fixedly disposed between the top of the threaded screw and the output shaft of the first motor. Connection ports are opened on both sides of the fixed housing. A connecting block is slidably disposed on the inner wall of the connection port. The bottom of the connecting block is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

3. The building foundation surveying equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The soil-holding tray is shaped like an inverted trumpet.

4. The building foundation surveying equipment as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The soil-collecting bucket includes a first half-bucket and a second half-bucket. The first half-bucket and the second half-bucket are hinged at opposite ends. One end of the first half-bucket has a slot. One end of the second half-bucket is fixedly connected to a locking block that engages with the slot, so that the soil-collecting bucket can be unfolded to remove the soil from the soil-holding tray. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the first half-bucket, but not to the second half-bucket.

5. A method of using a building foundation surveying device, as described in any one of claims 2-4. Its features are, Includes the following steps: S1, fix the base on the foundation to be surveyed, and then start the first motor to extend the soil sampling mechanism into the soil; S2. When the soil bucket reaches the designated position, the second motor is started, which drives the soil bucket to rotate 300 degrees clockwise. During this process, the soil squeezing baffle drives the movable plate to fully open the soil inlet. As the rotation continues, the baffle will scrape the surrounding soil, allowing the soil to enter the soil bucket through the soil inlet. S3, during the process of soil extraction by the soil extraction bucket, the vibration mechanism drives the soil-holding plate to vibrate. S4, after the soil extraction is completed, when the second motor rotates counterclockwise by 300 degrees, the spring force of the compression spring drives the movable plate to reset. At this time, the baffle is in contact with the 300-degree fan ring formed by the soil. Continue to rotate 50 degrees, and through the resistance of the soil, push the baffle to make the movable plate completely close. S5, then the first motor reverses, driving the soil sampling bucket to move up until the limit plate contacts the top of the installation cavity, after which the first motor continues to work, driving the detection ring and the soil sampling bucket to move up synchronously; S6, when the detection ring moves upward, it is suitable to drive the detection module to be inserted into the soil-holding tray through the first and second sockets to detect the soil; S7, after testing, remove the soil.

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