A self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of crankshaft machining technology, specifically a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts. Addressing the problem in existing technologies where there is no equipment that can arbitrarily place the crankshaft for alignment and clamping to detect rotational deviations, the following solution is proposed: A base housing is included, with a moving mechanism located between the bottom sides of the base housing. A groove is formed on the top of the base housing, and a clamping main housing is bolted into the groove. An inner base is welded to the inner wall of the clamping main housing. The invention uses an air pump to fill the air storage chamber through the air inlet channel of the lifting column, causing the lifting support block to rise and contact the crankshaft's rotational position. Because the top of the swing clamping seat is arc-shaped and hinged, the two first clamping rollers at the top contact the bottom circumference of the crankshaft's rotational bottom, allowing the crankshaft to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crankshaft machining technology, and more particularly to a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is an indispensable component in transmission machinery and one of the most important parts of an engine. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force from the rotating mass, periodically changing gas inertial force, and reciprocating inertial force, resulting in bending and torsional loads. Since the crankshaft operates at high speed inside the engine, precision is essential in its machining. Therefore, the deviation control of crankshaft rotation during machining is extremely strict.

[0003] Existing crankshaft machining equipment has the following problems: After machining, the crankshaft's outer surface needs to be inspected and undergo multiple surface treatment processes. This requires removing the crankshaft from the machine tool, fixing it horizontally with a clamping device, and rotating it to detect rotational deviations and perform surface treatments. Currently, crankshafts are placed on a bearing rotating frame at a designated position by manual or mechanical lifting, and the crankshaft is inspected by rotation. However, the crankshaft body varies depending on the engine specifications. Multiple clamping and placement of crankshafts of different specifications, as well as crankshafts of the same specification, pose a significant challenge to both the lifting equipment and manual operation. There is no existing technology that can arbitrarily place the crankshaft and clamp it in the correct position to detect rotational deviations. Existing technologies do not easily solve this problem. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-rotating clamping device for crankshaft machining to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem that there is no existing device that can arbitrarily place the crankshaft to align and clamp it for detecting rotational deviation, this invention proposes a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts.

[0005] This invention proposes a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts, comprising a base housing, a moving mechanism disposed between the bottom sides of the base housing, a groove formed on the top of the base housing, and a clamping main housing fixed in the groove by bolts, an inner base fixed to the inner wall of the clamping main housing by welding, a vertically arranged lifting column slide groove formed on the top of the inner base, a vertically sliding lifting column disposed inside the lifting column slide groove on the top of the inner base, sealing gaskets being sealed around the bottom of the lifting column, and the sealing gaskets being slidably sealed to the inner walls of the lifting column slide groove, a vertically sliding lifting support block disposed on the top of the lifting column, a swing clamping seat hinged to the top of the lifting support block, first clamping rollers being fixed to both ends of the top of the swing clamping seat by bearings, and a crankshaft body placed on the top of the swing clamping seat.

[0006] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a side-moving base fixed to the bottom of both ends of the base chassis by bolts. The top of the side-moving base is provided with a moving channel, and a moving slider is slidably fixed inside the moving channel at the top of the side-moving base. A fixed side slide is fixed to the top of the moving slider by bolts. A first hole is provided at the top of the fixed side slide, and a second electric push rod is fixed inside the first hole by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, a fixed top frame is bolted between the tops of the two second electric push rods at both ends. The bottom of the fixed top frame has a sliding groove, and a moving block is slidably engaged with the bottom sliding groove of the fixed top frame. A vertically arranged first electric push rod is bolted to the bottom of the moving block, and a detection housing is bolted to the bottom of the first electric push rod.

[0008] Preferably, an air intake pipe is fitted and fixed to the bottom inner wall of the inner base, the air intake pipe is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide groove, and the air inlet of the air intake pipe is connected to an external air pump.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the lifting column is provided with a support block groove, the lifting support block and the inner wall of the support block groove are sealed and slidably disposed, and an air storage chamber is formed between the bottom of the lifting support block and the bottom of the support block groove.

[0010] Preferably, an air inlet channel is provided between the top and bottom of the lifting column, the air inlet channel is connected to the inner wall of the air storage chamber, and the bottom of the air inlet channel is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide groove.

[0011] Preferably, a vertically arranged third electric push rod is slidably fixed at both ends of the bottom slide groove of the fixed top frame. The bottom output shaft of the third electric push rod is fixed to a fixed top block by bolts. An air inlet head is sleeved on the top of the fixed top block, and a sealed top cavity is opened at the bottom of the fixed top block. The air inlet head and the sealed top cavity are in communication.

[0012] Preferably, a top clamping mechanism is provided at the bottom between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed top block, and the same rubber pad is fixed between the two sides of the top clamping mechanism and the inner wall of the fixed top block.

[0013] Preferably, the top clamping mechanism includes a first rubber arc block that is fixedly sealed between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed top block, a sealing arc plate groove is provided on one side of each of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks, and a second rubber arc block that is sealed and slidable is sleeved between the sealing arc plate grooves of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks, a roller groove is provided on the inner circumference of the first rubber arc block, and a second clamping roller is fixed between the two sides of the roller groove through a bearing, and an exhaust hole is provided on the inner wall of the first rubber arc block, and the exhaust hole is obliquely arranged and communicates with the interior of the sealing arc plate groove.

[0014] Preferably, vertically mounted pneumatic push rods are hinged to both ends of the top of the lifting support block, and one end of the top output shaft of each of the two pneumatic push rods is hinged to the bottom ends of the swing clamp seat. Limit springs are fixed between the bottom ends of the lifting support block and the top of the lifting column by bolts.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. The self-rotating clamping device for machining the motor crankshaft uses an external air pump to guide air into the intake pipe. The air intake through the intake pipe lifts the lifting column, which is located at the crankshaft body's pivot position. This causes the crankshaft body to rise and be suspended in mid-air with the lifting column supporting it. After the lifting column rises, the air pump fills the air storage chamber through the lifting column's intake channel, causing the lifting support block to rise and contact the crankshaft body's pivot position. Because the top of the swing clamping seat is curved and has a hinged structure, the two first clamping rollers at the top contact the bottom circumference of the crankshaft body's pivot, allowing the crankshaft body to rotate.

[0017] 2. The self-rotating clamping device for machining the crankshaft of this motor, with the descent of the third electric push rod, causes the fixed top block to descend and contact the top circumference of the crankshaft body's rotating shaft position. By inflating the top air intake head, the internal sealed top cavity expands, causing the first and second rubber blocks at the bottom position to press downward as a whole, bringing the second clamping roller at the bottom into contact with the top of the crankshaft body's rotating shaft, thus stably clamping the crankshaft body and allowing it to be rotated freely for machining.

[0018] 3. In the self-rotating clamping device for machining the motor crankshaft, the first and second rubber blocks are pressed downward as a whole. The first and second rubber blocks will fit together. Due to the sealing of the sealing arc plate groove, the compressed gas inside is discharged through the exhaust hole. The exhaust hole is set to be inclined towards the circumference of the crankshaft body. During the clamping process, the crankshaft body will be blown and rotated, which facilitates the detection of the stability of the crankshaft body clamping during the clamping process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft proposed in this invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This invention proposes a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts. Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A of the structure;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the lifting column structure of a self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top clamping mechanism of a self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed top block structure of a self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft proposed in this invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Base chassis; 2. Side-moving base; 3. Moving channel; 4. Moving slider; 5. Fixed side slide; 6. Clamping main chassis; 7. Crankshaft body; 8. First electric push rod; 9. Detection chassis; 10. Fixed top frame; 11. Second electric push rod; 12. Support block slide; 13. Lifting support block; 14. Pneumatic push rod; 15. Swinging clamping seat; 16. First clamping roller; 17. Sealing gasket; 18. 19. Inner base; 20. Lifting column; 21. Lifting column air inlet channel; 22. Air storage chamber; 23. Limiting spring; 24. Main air inlet pipe; 25. Third electric push rod; 26. Fixed top block; 27. Lifting column slide groove; 28. Air inlet pipe head; 29. ​​First rubber arc block; 30. Second rubber arc block; 31. Sealing arc plate slot; 32. Exhaust hole; 33. Roller groove; 34. Second clamping roller; 35. Sealing top cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Reference Figures 1-5A self-rotating clamping device for machining motor crankshafts includes a base housing 1. A moving mechanism is provided between the bottom sides of the base housing 1. A groove is provided on the top of the base housing 1, and a clamping main housing 6 is fixed in the groove of the base housing 1 by bolts. An inner base 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the clamping main housing 6 by welding. A vertically arranged lifting column slide groove 26 is provided on the top of the inner base 18. A vertically sliding lifting column 19 is provided inside the lifting column slide groove 26 on the top of the inner base 18. Sealing gaskets 17 are sealed around the bottom of the lifting column 19, and the sealing gaskets 17 are slidably sealed with the inner walls of the lifting column slide groove 26. A vertically sliding lifting support block 13 is provided on the top of the lifting column 19. A swing clamping seat 15 is hinged to the top of the lifting support block 13. First clamping rollers 16 are fixed to the top two ends of the swing clamping seat 15 by bearings. A crankshaft body 7 is placed on the top of the swing clamping seat 15.

[0026] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a side moving base 2 fixed to the bottom of both ends of the base housing 1 by bolts. The top of the side moving base 2 is provided with a moving channel 3, and the top of the side moving base 2 is slidably fixed inside the moving channel 3. The top of the moving slider 4 is fixed with a fixed side slide 5 by bolts. The top of the fixed side slide 5 is provided with a first hole, and the inside of the first hole is fixed with a second electric push rod 11 by bolts.

[0027] Furthermore, a fixed top frame 10 is bolted between the tops of the two second electric push rods 11 at both ends. The bottom of the fixed top frame 10 is provided with a sliding groove, and a moving block is slidably engaged in the sliding groove at the bottom of the fixed top frame 10. The bottom of the moving block is bolted to a vertically arranged first electric push rod 8, and the bottom of the first electric push rod 8 is bolted to a detection housing 9.

[0028] Furthermore, an air intake pipe 23 is fitted and fixed to the bottom inner wall of the inner base 18. The air intake pipe 23 is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide groove 26, and the air inlet of the air intake pipe 23 is connected to an external air pump.

[0029] Furthermore, a support block groove 12 is provided at the top of the lifting column 19, and the lifting support block 13 is slidably sealed with the inner wall of the support block groove 12. An air storage chamber 21 is formed between the bottom of the lifting support block 13 and the bottom of the support block groove 12.

[0030] Furthermore, an air inlet channel 20 is provided between the top and bottom of the lifting column 19. The air inlet channel 20 is connected to the inner wall of the air storage chamber 21, and the bottom of the air inlet channel 20 is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide groove 26.

[0031] Furthermore, a vertically arranged third electric push rod 24 is slidably fixed at both ends of the bottom slide groove of the fixed top frame 10. The bottom output shaft of the third electric push rod 24 is fixed to a fixed top block 25 by bolts. An air inlet head 27 is sleeved on the top of the fixed top block 25. A sealing top cavity 34 is opened at the bottom of the fixed top block 25, and the air inlet head 27 and the sealing top cavity 34 are in communication.

[0032] Furthermore, a top clamping mechanism is provided at the bottom between the inner walls on both sides of the fixed top block 25, and the same rubber pad is fixed between the two sides of the top clamping mechanism and the inner wall of the fixed top block 25.

[0033] Furthermore, the top clamping mechanism includes a first rubber arc block 28 that is fixedly sealed between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed top block 25. A sealing arc plate groove 30 is provided on one side of each of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks 28, and a second rubber arc block 29 that is sealed and slidable is sleeved between the sealing arc plate grooves 30 of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks 28. A roller groove 32 is provided on the inner circumference of the first rubber arc block 28, and a second clamping roller 33 is fixed between the two sides of the roller groove 32 by bearings. An exhaust hole 31 is provided on the inner wall of the first rubber arc block 28, and the exhaust hole 31 is obliquely arranged and communicates with the interior of the sealing arc plate groove 30.

[0034] Furthermore, vertically arranged pneumatic push rods 14 are hinged at both ends of the top of the lifting support block 13, and one end of the top output shaft of the two pneumatic push rods 14 is hinged to the bottom of both ends of the swing clamping seat 15. Limit springs 22 are fixed between the bottom ends of the lifting support block 13 and the top of the lifting column 19 by bolts.

[0035] In use of this invention: In the initial stage, the entire device is in its initial position, and the external air pump does not inflate the internal components. The operator places the crankshaft body 7 on top of the clamping main unit 6. During operation, the moving block of the first electric push rod 8 at the top moves. A scanning camera detection device installed at the bottom of the detection unit 9 scans the entire crankshaft body 7 located at its bottom position. After scanning the crankshaft body 7, the valve of the bottom air intake main pipe 23 of the lifting column 19, which creates a vertical shadow overlap with the crankshaft body 7's rotating shaft area, opens. Ensure that the intake manifold 23 is connected to the lifting column slide groove 26. An external air pump begins to guide air into the intake manifold 23, lifting the lifting column 19. The lifting column 19, located at the crankshaft body 7's pivot point, is then lifted, resulting in the crankshaft body 7 being suspended in mid-air with the lifting column 19 supporting it. After the lifting column 19 is raised, the air pump fills the air storage chamber 21 with gas through the lifting column intake passage 20, causing the lifting support block 13 to rise and contact the crankshaft body 7's pivot point. Since the top of the swing clamp seat 15 is curved... Furthermore, the hinged structure allows the two first clamping rollers 16 at the top to contact the bottom circumference of the crankshaft body 7, enabling the crankshaft body 7 to rotate. The descent of the third electric push rod 24 at the top causes the fixed top block 25 to descend and contact the top circumference of the crankshaft body 7. Inflating the top air intake manifold 27 causes the internal sealed top cavity 34 to expand, causing the first rubber block 28 and the second rubber block 29 at the bottom to press downwards, bringing the second clamping roller 33 at the bottom into contact with the top of the crankshaft body 7. The crankshaft body 7 is stably clamped and can be rotated freely for processing. During the process of pressing the first rubber block 28 and the second rubber block 29 downward as a whole, the first rubber block 28 and the second rubber block 29 will fit together. Due to the sealing of the sealing arc plate groove 30, the internal compressed gas is discharged through the exhaust hole 31. The exhaust hole 31 is inclined towards the circumference of the crankshaft body 7. During the clamping process, it will blow air and rotate the crankshaft body 7, which facilitates the detection of the clamping stability of the crankshaft body 7.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-rotating clamping device for motor crankshaft machining, comprising a base machine box (1), a moving mechanism is arranged between the two side bottoms of the base machine box (1), a groove is opened in the top of the base machine box (1), and a clamping main machine box (6) is fixed in the groove of the base machine box (1) through bolts, characterized in that, The inner wall of the clamping main unit (6) is fixed with an inner base (18) by welding. The top of the inner base (18) is provided with a vertically arranged lifting column groove (26). The top of the inner base (18) is located inside the lifting column groove (26) and a vertically sliding lifting column (19) is provided. The bottom of the lifting column (19) is sealed with sealing gaskets (17) around its perimeter. The sealing gaskets (17) are slidably sealed with the inner wall of the lifting column groove (26). The top of the lifting column (19) is provided with a vertically sliding lifting support block (13). The top of the lifting support block (13) is hinged with a swing clamping seat (15). The top two ends of the swing clamping seat (15) are fixed with first clamping rollers (16) by bearings. The top of the swing clamping seat (15) is placed with a crankshaft body (7). The moving mechanism includes side moving bases (2) fixed to the bottom of both ends of the base housing (1) by bolts. The top of the side moving bases (2) is provided with a moving channel (3), and a moving slider (4) is slidably fixed inside the moving channel (3) on the top of the side moving bases (2). A fixed side slide (5) is fixed to the top of the moving slider (4) by bolts. The top of the fixed side slide (5) is provided with a first hole, and a second electric push rod (11) is fixed inside the first hole by bolts. The same fixed top frame (10) is fixed between the tops of the second electric push rods (11) at both ends by bolts. A sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the fixed top frame (10), and a moving block is slidably engaged in the sliding groove at the bottom of the fixed top frame (10). The bottom of the moving block is open to the sliding groove. A vertically arranged first electric push rod (8) is fixed by bolts. The bottom of the first electric push rod (8) is fixed by bolts to a detection housing (9). A vertically arranged third electric push rod (24) is slidably fixed at both ends of the bottom slide groove of the fixed top frame (10). The bottom output shaft of the third electric push rod (24) is fixed by bolts to a fixed top block (25). An air inlet head (27) is sleeved on the top of the fixed top block (25). A sealed top cavity (34) is opened at the bottom of the fixed top block (25), and the air inlet head (27) and the sealed top cavity (34) are connected. A top clamping mechanism is sealed between the inner walls on both sides of the fixed top block (25). The same rubber pad is fixed between the two sides of the top clamping mechanism and the inner wall of the fixed top block (25). The top clamping mechanism includes a first rubber arc block (28) that is fixedly sealed between the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed top block (25). A sealing arc plate slot (30) is provided on one side of each of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks (28). A second rubber arc block (29) that is sealed and slidable is sleeved between the sealing arc plate slots (30) of the two adjacent first rubber arc blocks (28). A roller groove (32) is provided on the inner circumference of the first rubber arc block (28). A second clamping roller (33) is fixed between the two sides of the roller groove (32) by a bearing. An exhaust hole (31) is provided on the inner wall of the first rubber arc block (28). The exhaust hole (31) is obliquely arranged and communicates with the interior of the sealing arc plate slot (30).

2. The self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom inner wall of the inner base (18) is fitted with an air intake pipe (23), which is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide (26), and the air inlet of the air intake pipe (23) is connected to an external air pump.

3. The self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lifting column (19) is provided with a support block groove (12), the lifting support block (13) and the inner wall of the support block groove (12) are sealed and slidably arranged, and the bottom of the lifting support block (13) and the bottom of the support block groove (12) form a gas storage chamber (21).

4. The self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, An air inlet channel (20) is provided between the top and bottom of the lifting column (19). The air inlet channel (20) is connected to the inner wall of the air storage chamber (21). The bottom of the air inlet channel (20) is connected to the bottom sealed chamber of the lifting column slide groove (26).

5. The self-rotating clamping device for machining a motor crankshaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top two ends of the lifting support block (13) are hinged with vertically arranged pneumatic push rods (14), and one end of the top output shaft of the two pneumatic push rods (14) is hinged to the bottom ends of the swing clamping seat (15). The bottom two ends of the lifting support block (13) and the top of the lifting column (19) are fixed with limit springs (22) by bolts.

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