Key field coupling-based modeling and simulation method and device for oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting furnace modeling simulation method and device based on key field coupling, and relates to non-ferrous metal smelting process simulation technical field. Including: the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting process is decomposed into multiple links;Characteristic extraction is carried out to each link in multiple links, to obtain the key field of each link;The key field of each link is coupled to calculate, and the oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting furnace modeling simulation result based on key field coupling is obtained.The application adopts the modeling simulation method based on key field coupling to decompose the complex oxygen-enriched bottom blowing smelting process into multiple links, extracts the key field according to the process characteristics of each link, simplifies the non-key field, establishes the corresponding model, sets the basic condition, and then carries out key field coupling calculation.Extracting the key field of each link to carry out coupling calculation can reduce the difficulty of solving while accurately simulating the condition in the furnace, and improve the solving efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of simulation technology for non-ferrous metal smelting processes, and in particular to a modeling and simulation method and apparatus for oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnaces based on key field coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting technology is a domestically developed molten pool smelting technology and one of the world's advanced copper smelting technologies. It features strong raw material adaptability, carbon-free matte smelting, and low oxygen consumption, and is now widely used in copper, tin, and lead smelting. This technology involves blowing oxygen-enriched air into the molten pool from the bottom of the furnace using a spray gun. The rising air bubbles drive the circulation of the molten material within the pool, accelerating the transfer of mass, momentum, and energy, resulting in uniform stirring and rapid chemical reactions. The heat generated during the smelting process is fully utilized, producing high-grade matte. However, with changes in raw materials and increased production, problems have arisen, including unstable furnace conditions, high copper content in the slag, large fluctuations in slag composition, and severe erosion of the furnace lining. The causes of copper loss in the slag, the stirring of the molten pool within the furnace, and the overall smelting conditions remain unclear, affecting the normal operation of industrial production. The oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace is a complex multiphase chemical reaction system. During smelting, the molten pool is in a highly agitated environment. The gas-liquid interface reaction, oxygen content distribution, and melt temperature significantly impact production indicators such as gas utilization, slag-forming efficiency, matte grade, and furnace life. The automation level of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process is relatively low. The high-temperature environment inside the furnace makes it difficult to accurately quantify parameters such as furnace temperature, physicochemical reactions, gas-slag-matte distribution, and copper matte grade, thus hindering the optimized operation of copper smelting production. Therefore, advanced technologies are needed to monitor the furnace's production status and guide actual production operations.

[0003] Numerical simulation started earlier abroad. In the 1960s and 70s, researchers began using numerical simulation to reflect physical processes and chemical reactions in metallurgical furnaces that were difficult to monitor in actual production. With the development of computational fluid dynamics, computational heat and mass transfer, and computational combustion, research on industrial furnace reaction engineering has become increasingly practical and has gradually improved. The oxygen bottom-blown smelting process involves multiphase flow, heat and momentum transfer, and complex chemical changes. To more accurately describe this process and provide guidance for production, commonly used mathematical models include multiphase flow models, turbulence models, component transport models, and heat transfer control models. Oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting is a multiphase flow and transport process involving a complex system of concentrate particles, oxygen-enriched air, matte, and slag. Current software and hardware conditions cannot simultaneously meet the requirements for high-precision and high-efficiency simulation calculations of this process. Theoretically, calculations can be performed using a complete multi-field coupling model, but this requires enormous computational resources, significantly reduces the convergence of the results, and the analytical calculations of the multiphase reaction flow field, thermal field, and component field in oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting are best performed using coupled control equations. However, there is currently very little research on in-furnace smelting reactions, component diffusion, and particle movement using modeling and simulation, and very few results can guide practical production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problems of complex models, difficult convergence, and long computation time encountered in modeling and simulating multi-field strongly coupled systems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] On the one hand, this invention provides a modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. This method is implemented by electronic devices and includes:

[0007] S1. The oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process is broken down into multiple stages.

[0008] S2. Extract features from each of the multiple stages to obtain the key fields of each stage.

[0009] S3. Perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each stage to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling.

[0010] Optionally, the multiple stages in S1 include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag formation, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun.

[0011] Optionally, the key fields of the compressed gas injection process in the spray gun in S2 include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun.

[0012] The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag.

[0013] The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase.

[0014] The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom-blown matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction.

[0015] The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field.

[0016] The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

[0017] Optionally, the key fields in S3 for the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun are coupled and calculated, including:

[0018] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0019] Using steady-state calculations, the residuals of the equation converge to 10. -4 ~10 -5 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0020] Alternatively, transient calculation can be used, with the time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0021] The velocity at the nozzle exit, the density and viscosity of the gas at the nozzle exit were calculated.

[0022] Optionally, the key fields of the multiphase motion of the gas-mând and slag in the bottom-blown furnace in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0023] Based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet cross-section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established. The area of ​​the spray gun is simplified into a square cross-section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross-section. The velocity inlet boundary of the spray gun is adopted. The velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet obtained from the calculation of the injection link of the compressible gas in the spray gun are equivalently transformed to obtain the velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet in the multiphase motion link of the gas matte slag inside the bottom-blown furnace.

[0024] Multiphase flow field calculations were performed using the fluid volumetric model (VOF) with transient calculations and a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 .

[0025] Optionally, the key fields of the bottom blowing process charge mixing stage in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0026] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0027] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0028] Using the mean field as the transient flow field within the molten pool, select any location within the molten pool, add a component of a preset concentration, and solve the concentration diffusion equation of the component under the mean field.

[0029] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -1 ~10 2 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0030] Optionally, the key fields of the heterogeneous reaction process in bottom-blown matte and slag formation in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0031] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0032] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0033] Establish the kinetic equations for the reactions between different phases during the smelting process, and calculate the component equations and energy equations.

[0034] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0035] Optionally, the key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0036] The EDEM-Fluent bidirectional coupling calculation method was used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas, melt and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate was fed into the furnace, as well as the particle movement process.

[0037] Optionally, the key fields of the solid mushroom head growth process at the bottom-blowing spray gun in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0038] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0039] The geometry of the irregular, loose, porous medium generated by the spray gun tip is simplified to a cuboid, the middle part of the loose, porous medium is set as a gas channel, and the surrounding mesh of the loose, porous medium is densified.

[0040] On the other hand, the present invention provides a modeling and simulation device for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. This device is used to implement a modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. The device includes:

[0041] The decomposition module is used to break down the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process into multiple stages.

[0042] The feature extraction module is used to extract features from each of the multiple stages to obtain the key fields of each stage.

[0043] The output module is used to perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each stage, and obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on the coupling of key fields.

[0044] Optionally, multiple stages include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag formation, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun.

[0045] Optionally, the key fields in the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun.

[0046] The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag.

[0047] The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase.

[0048] The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom-blown matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction.

[0049] The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field.

[0050] The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

[0051] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0052] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0053] Using steady-state calculations, the residuals of the equation converge to 10. -4 ~10 -5 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0054] Alternatively, transient calculation can be used, with the time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0055] The velocity at the nozzle exit, the density and viscosity of the gas at the nozzle exit were calculated.

[0056] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0057] Based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet cross-section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established. The area of ​​the spray gun is simplified into a square cross-section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross-section. The velocity inlet boundary of the spray gun is adopted. The velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet obtained from the calculation of the injection link of the compressible gas in the spray gun are equivalently transformed to obtain the velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet in the multiphase motion link of the gas matte slag inside the bottom-blown furnace.

[0058] Multiphase flow field calculations were performed using the fluid volumetric model (VOF) with transient calculations and a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 .

[0059] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0060] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0061] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0062] Using the mean field as the transient flow field within the molten pool, select any location within the molten pool, add a component of a preset concentration, and solve the concentration diffusion equation of the component under the mean field.

[0063] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -1 ~10 2 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0064] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0065] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0066] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0067] Establish the kinetic equations for the reactions between different phases during the smelting process, and calculate the component equations and energy equations.

[0068] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0069] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0070] The EDEM-Fluent bidirectional coupling calculation method was used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas, melt and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate was fed into the furnace, as well as the particle movement process.

[0071] Optionally, the output module is further used for:

[0072] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0073] The geometry of the irregular, loose, porous medium generated by the spray gun tip is simplified to a cuboid, the middle part of the loose, porous medium is set as a gas channel, and the surrounding mesh of the loose, porous medium is densified.

[0074] On the one hand, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-mentioned modeling and simulation method for oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on key field coupling.

[0075] On the one hand, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-described modeling and simulation method for oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on key field coupling.

[0076] The above technical solution has at least the following advantages compared with the existing technology:

[0077] The above-mentioned scheme provides a relatively efficient and accurate modeling and simulation method for the precise study of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process. This invention decomposes the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process into six stages and extracts the key fields of each stage. This allows the simulation calculation to avoid the complex and unknown multiphase field coupling system within the furnace, reducing the difficulty of modeling. By simplifying non-critical fields, the convergence of the calculation is improved, and the coupling calculation method corresponding to the key fields significantly improves the efficiency of the calculation. This invention, through modeling and simulation calculations of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process based on key field coupling, establishes a mathematical calculation model that can quantitatively analyze the changes in process parameters over time. This invention helps to understand the production status within the furnace, providing a reference for practical production and a basis for parameter control. This invention provides adjustment directions for process operation and optimization, improving the accuracy level of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process. Attached Figure Description

[0078] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0079] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on key field coupling provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multiple stages provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace modeling and simulation device based on key field coupling provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0083] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling, which can be implemented by electronic devices. Figure 1 The flowchart shown is a modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. The processing flow of this method may include the following steps:

[0085] S1. The oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process is broken down into multiple stages.

[0086] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple stages may include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag formation, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun.

[0087] S2. Extract features from each of the multiple stages to obtain the key fields of each stage.

[0088] Among them, the key fields of the compressed gas injection process in the spray gun can include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun.

[0089] The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag.

[0090] The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase.

[0091] The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom-blown matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction.

[0092] The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field.

[0093] The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

[0094] S3. Perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each stage to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling.

[0095] Optionally, the key fields in S3 for the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun are coupled and calculated, including:

[0096] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0097] Using steady-state calculations, the residuals of the equation converge to 10. -4 ~10 -5The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0098] Alternatively, transient calculation can be used, with the time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0099] The velocity at the nozzle exit, the density and viscosity of the gas at the nozzle exit were calculated.

[0100] In one feasible implementation, the process (1) involves the injection of compressible gas into the spray gun: compressible gas is injected into multiple sets of spray guns within the molten pool, involving the coupling between the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in the multiple sets of spray guns and the temperature field within the spray guns. For this process, a bottom-blowing spray gun model is established. Considering the stability of computational convergence, the number of meshes is appropriately reduced to improve the quality of the mesh model. The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet. Steady-state calculations can be used, and all residuals converge to 10. -4 ~10 -5 Transient calculations can also be used, with a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, all residuals converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The variation from steady-state and transient calculations to the final result does not exceed ±1%. Using the above method, we can obtain the magnitude and velocity vector distribution of the spray gun exit velocity, as well as the density and viscosity distribution of the gas at the spray gun exit, under different conditions such as spray gun diameter, spray gun orifice structure, spray gun end pressure, airflow, and gas injection angle.

[0101] Optionally, the key fields of the multiphase motion of the gas-mând and slag in the bottom-blown furnace in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0102] Based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet cross-section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established. The area of ​​the spray gun is simplified into a square cross-section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross-section. The velocity inlet boundary of the spray gun is adopted. The velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet obtained from the calculation of the injection link of the compressible gas in the spray gun are equivalently transformed to obtain the velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet in the multiphase motion link of the gas matte slag inside the bottom-blown furnace.

[0103] Multiphase flow field calculations were performed using the fluid volumetric model (VOF) with transient calculations and a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10-3 ~10 -4 .

[0104] In one feasible implementation, step (2) is the gas-mat-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace: the gas-mat-slag multiphase motion process in the furnace during the bottom-blown process. For this process, the feed process of concentrate, flue gas structure and furnace body characteristics of slag and matte discharge ports on both sides of the furnace body are ignored, the thickness of the refractory layer of the furnace body is ignored, and only the model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace molten pool is located is established, including the furnace wall and the molten pool structure in the furnace. The lance model is simplified, and only the gas inlet section of the lance is retained. The oxygen lance area in the original furnace type is simplified to a square section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross section. The multiphase flow field is calculated using VOF incompressible multiphase flow, and the interfacial tension between gas and matte is considered; the velocity inlet boundary is adopted for the lance inlet section, and the velocity, gas density and viscosity at the lance outlet are obtained by equivalent transformation based on the calculation results of step (1). Transient calculation is adopted, with a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, all residuals converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The above calculations can be used to obtain the results of how the velocity field, turbulence field, and gas-mândite phase field distribution in the furnace affect the injection time under different injection parameters, gas-mândite ratio, liquid level, melt properties, etc.

[0105] Optionally, the key fields of the bottom blowing process charge mixing stage in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0106] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0107] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0108] Using the mean field as the transient flow field within the molten pool, select any location within the molten pool, add a component of a preset concentration, and solve the concentration diffusion equation of the component under the mean field.

[0109] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -1 ~10 2 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0110] In one feasible implementation, the bottom blowing process of the furnace charge mixing stage (3) is a component mixing stage of the injection process. This process involves the coupling between the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field in the molten pool and the component fields in each phase, and the model used is the same as that in stage (2). First, the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate in the three orthogonal directions in stage (2) are calculated under statistical time to obtain the mean field. The transient flow field in the molten pool is then modified to the statistical mean flow field. Then, a certain concentration of component is added at a certain position in the molten pool, and the calculation of the flow field equations (continuity equation, momentum equation and turbulence equation) is turned off. Only the concentration diffusion equation of the component is solved under the mean flow field. Transient calculation is used with a time step of 10. -1 ~10 2 s, all residuals converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 The above calculations can be used to obtain the diffusion and concentration distribution of a certain component in its phase under different injection conditions, and then the mixing time and results at different locations can be obtained.

[0111] Optionally, the key fields of the heterogeneous reaction process in bottom-blown matte and slag formation in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0112] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0113] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0114] Establish the kinetic equations for the reactions between different phases during the smelting process, and calculate the component equations and energy equations.

[0115] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0116] In one feasible implementation, step (4) is the bottom-blown matte and slag-forming heterogeneous reaction step: for the exothermic heterogeneous reaction in the blowing process, it involves the coupling between the multiphase flow field of the gas matte and slag and the component fields of the heterogeneous reaction. For the above process, the established model remains unchanged from step (3), and the average field is obtained first through statistics. The kinetic equations of the reaction between different phases in the smelting process are established, and the exothermic reaction is considered. The flow field calculation is turned off, while the calculation of the component equation and energy equation is turned on. Transient calculation is adopted, with a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, all residuals converge to 10 -4~10 -5 The above calculations can be used to obtain the concentration distribution, reaction rate, reaction exothermics, and furnace temperature distribution of different reaction components under different injection conditions.

[0117] Optionally, the key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0118] The EDEM-Fluent bidirectional coupling calculation method was used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas, melt and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate was fed into the furnace, as well as the particle movement process.

[0119] In one feasible implementation, step (5) is the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding step: the concentrate particle feeding involves the coupling between the gas matte slag multiphase flow field and the particle motion field. The EDEM-Fluent two-way coupling calculation method is used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas-melt-copper ore particles and the particle motion process after the solid copper concentrate is fed into the furnace. The copper ore particles fall from the chute at a velocity of 0 m / s, and the falling position is directly above the jet gas flow. Usually, the calculation is up to 5 smelting time. -10 Then, a coupled discrete element method (DEM) and VOF (Variable Object Flow) multiphase flow calculation method was used to solve the multiphase flow field and particle motion field of the gas matte slag. The motion of concentrate particles was calculated using DEM modeling. The coupling relationship between particles and fluid is achieved through drag force in the momentum equation. The volume fraction of particles was calculated using the Monte Carlo method. Transient calculations were performed, with a multiphase fluid time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, all residuals converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The time step for particle calculations is 10. -5 ~10 -4 The fluid calculation time step is an integer multiple of the particle calculation time step. Using the above calculations, the motion and distribution of particles in the multiphase flow field of the gas matte slag under different injection conditions can be obtained, and the pressure and stress distribution at the spray gun avoidance points can also be obtained.

[0120] Optionally, the key fields of the solid mushroom head growth process at the bottom-blowing spray gun in S3 are coupled and calculated, including:

[0121] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0122] The geometry of the irregular, loose, porous medium generated by the spray gun tip is simplified to a cuboid, the middle part of the loose, porous medium is set as a gas channel, and the surrounding mesh of the loose, porous medium is densified.

[0123] In one feasible implementation, the growth of the solid mushroom head at the bottom-blown lance in step (6) is as follows: Under the influence of the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the oxygen lance in the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, an irregular, loose, porous medium called a "mushroom head" will be generated at the end of the oxygen lance. The mushroom head can prevent oxygen lance erosion, and effectively controlling its growth can improve the furnace lining life and improve the flow field distribution. For the growth process of the solid mushroom head at the bottom-blown lance, the model used is the same as that in step (1). The geometry of the mushroom head is reasonably simplified in the model. Although the shape and structure of the mushroom head at the oxygen lance outlet are very complex and it is very difficult to determine its geometry, there is still a main outlet for gas to be ejected. The mushroom head is set as a cuboid, the middle of the mushroom head is set as a gas channel, and the mesh near the mushroom head is densified. Through the establishment of the above model, the growth process of the bottom-blown mushroom head under various conditions and the flow field characteristics after the formation of a stable mushroom head can be studied, providing a reference for the growth and control of the mushroom head.

[0124] To obtain precise gas-liquid-slag phase composition and flow velocity distribution within the furnace, quantitatively analyze furnace injection parameters, and directly study furnace reactions, this invention employs numerical simulation to analyze the smelting process. Considering current hardware and software capabilities, and to achieve high-precision and efficient simulation of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process, this invention proposes a modeling and simulation method based on key field coupling. This method simulates and analyzes the interaction and particle movement between gas, melt, and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate is added to the furnace, extracting key fields at different stages of the process. To improve computational convergence and efficiency, this invention simplifies non-key fields, thereby achieving efficient and accurate analysis of key field information at different stages. This solves the problems of model complexity, convergence difficulties, and long computation times encountered in modeling and simulating multi-field strongly coupled systems. This efficient and accurate analysis of key field information at different stages enables efficient and accurate control of actual production.

[0125] This invention provides a relatively efficient and accurate modeling and simulation method for precisely studying the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process. By decomposing the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process into six stages and extracting the key fields of each stage, the simulation calculation process can avoid the complex and unknown multiphase field coupling system within the furnace, reducing the difficulty of modeling. Simplifying non-critical fields improves the convergence of the calculation, and employing a coupling calculation method corresponding to the key fields significantly improves the efficiency of the calculation. This invention, through modeling and simulation calculations of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process based on key field coupling, establishes a mathematical calculation model that can quantitatively analyze the changes in process parameters over time. This invention helps to understand the production status within the furnace, providing a reference for practical production and a basis for parameter control. This invention provides adjustment directions for process operation and optimization, improving the accuracy of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process.

[0126] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a modeling and simulation device 300 for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. This device 300 is used to implement a modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. The device 300 includes:

[0127] The decomposition module 310 is used to decompose the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process into multiple stages.

[0128] The feature extraction module 320 is used to extract features from each of the multiple stages to obtain the key fields of each stage.

[0129] Output module 330 is used to perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each stage to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on the coupling of key fields.

[0130] Optionally, multiple stages include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag formation, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun.

[0131] Optionally, the key fields in the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun.

[0132] The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag.

[0133] The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase.

[0134] The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom-blown matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction.

[0135] The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field.

[0136] The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

[0137] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0138] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0139] Using steady-state calculations, the residuals of the equation converge to 10. -4 ~10-5 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0140] Alternatively, transient calculation can be used, with the time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%.

[0141] The velocity at the nozzle exit, the density and viscosity of the gas at the nozzle exit were calculated.

[0142] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0143] Based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet cross-section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established; the area of ​​the spray gun is simplified into a square cross-section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross-section; the velocity inlet boundary of the spray gun is adopted, and the velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet obtained from the calculation of the spraying link of the compressible gas in the spray gun are equivalently transformed to obtain the velocity at the spray gun outlet, the density and viscosity of the gas at the spray gun outlet in the multiphase motion link of the gas matte slag inside the bottom-blown furnace.

[0144] Multiphase flow field calculations were performed using the fluid volumetric model (VOF) with transient calculations and a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 .

[0145] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0146] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0147] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0148] Using the mean field as the transient flow field within the molten pool, select any location within the molten pool, add a component of a preset concentration, and solve the concentration diffusion equation of the component under the mean field.

[0149] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -1 ~10 2 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0150] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0151] A model of the area where the bottom-blown furnace melt pool is located is established based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun.

[0152] The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-slag multiphase motion process in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period.

[0153] Establish the kinetic equations for the reactions between different phases during the smelting process, and calculate the component equations and energy equations.

[0154] Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

[0155] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0156] The EDEM-Fluent bidirectional coupling calculation method was used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas, melt and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate was fed into the furnace, as well as the particle movement process.

[0157] Optionally, the output module 330 is further used for:

[0158] The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model.

[0159] The geometry of the irregular, loose, porous medium generated by the spray gun tip is simplified to a cuboid, the middle part of the loose, porous medium is set as a gas channel, and the surrounding mesh of the loose, porous medium is densified.

[0160] This invention provides a relatively efficient and accurate modeling and simulation method for precisely studying the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process. By decomposing the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process into six stages and extracting the key fields of each stage, the simulation calculation process can avoid the complex and unknown multiphase field coupling system within the furnace, reducing the difficulty of modeling. Simplifying non-critical fields improves the convergence of the calculation, and employing a coupling calculation method corresponding to the key fields significantly improves the efficiency of the calculation. This invention, through modeling and simulation calculations of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process based on key field coupling, establishes a mathematical calculation model that can quantitatively analyze the changes in process parameters over time. This invention helps to understand the production status within the furnace, providing a reference for practical production and a basis for parameter control. This invention provides adjustment directions for process operation and optimization, improving the accuracy of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting process.

[0161] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 400 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 400 can vary considerably due to different configurations or performance. It may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) 401 and one or more memories 402. The memory 402 stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor 401 to implement the following modeling and simulation method for oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on key field coupling:

[0162] S1. The oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process is broken down into multiple stages.

[0163] S2. Extract features from each of the multiple stages to obtain the key fields of each stage.

[0164] S3. Perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each stage to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling.

[0165] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory including instructions that can be executed by a processor in a terminal to complete the above-described modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, or optical data storage device.

[0166] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0167] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modeling and simulation method for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. The oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process is broken down into multiple stages; S2. Extract features from each of the multiple steps to obtain the key fields of each step; S3. Perform coupling calculations on the key fields of each link to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on the coupling of key fields; The multiple stages in S1 include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun. The key fields of the compressed gas injection process in the spray gun in S2 include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun. The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include: the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag; The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase; The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom blowing matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction; The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field; The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key field coupling calculation in S3 for the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun includes: The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model. Using steady-state calculations, the residuals of the equation converge to 10. -4 ~10 -5 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%; Alternatively, transient calculation can be used, with the time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 The change in the calculation result shall not exceed ±1%; The velocity at the nozzle exit, the density and viscosity of the gas at the nozzle exit were calculated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key fields of the multiphase motion of the gas-molten laitance in the bottom-blown furnace in S3 are coupled and calculated, including: Based on the furnace wall surface of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet cross-section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established; the area of ​​the spray gun is simplified into a square cross-section according to the equivalent area of ​​the cross-section; the velocity inlet boundary of the spray gun is adopted, and the velocity at the outlet of the spray gun, the density and viscosity of the gas at the outlet of the spray gun obtained from the calculation of the spraying link of the compressible gas in the spray gun are equivalently transformed to obtain the velocity at the outlet of the spray gun, the density and viscosity of the gas at the outlet of the spray gun in the multiphase motion link of the gas matte slag inside the bottom-blown furnace; Multiphase flow field calculations were performed using the fluid volumetric model (VOF) with transient calculations and a time step of 10. -3 ~10 -4 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -3 ~10 -4 .

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key fields of the bottom blowing process charge mixing stage in S3 are coupled and calculated, including: Based on the furnace wall of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established. The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-molten matte slag multiphase motion link in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period. Using the mean field as the transient flow field within the molten pool, select any location within the molten pool, add a component of a preset concentration, and solve the concentration diffusion equation of the component under the mean field. Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -1 ~10 2 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key fields of the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom blowing matte and slag formation in S3 are coupled and calculated, including: Based on the furnace wall of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace, the structure of the molten pool inside the bottom-blown furnace, and the gas inlet section of the spray gun, a model of the area where the molten pool of the bottom-blown furnace is located is established. The mean field is obtained by calculating the average values ​​of the velocity, phase distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate in three orthogonal directions of the gas-molten matte slag multiphase motion link in the bottom-blown furnace over a preset statistical time period. Establish the kinetic equations for the reactions between different phases during the smelting process, and calculate the component equations and energy equations; Transient calculations were used, with a time step set to 10. -3 ~10 -1 s, the residuals of the equation converge to 10 -4 ~10 -5 .

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process in S3 are coupled and calculated, including: The EDEM-Fluent bidirectional coupling calculation method was used to simulate and analyze the interaction between gas, melt and copper ore particles after solid copper concentrate was fed into the furnace, as well as the particle movement process.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key field coupling calculations for the growth of the solid mushroom head at the bottom-blowing spray gun in S3 include: The single-phase flow field of the compressible gas in the spray gun is used for calculation. Temperature boundary conditions are given on the spray gun wall, pressure inlet boundary conditions are used for the gas inlet, and pressure outlet boundary conditions are used for the gas outlet to establish a bottom-blowing spray gun model. The geometry of the irregular, loose, porous medium generated by the spray gun tip is simplified to a cuboid, the middle part of the loose, porous medium is set as a gas channel, and the surrounding mesh of the loose, porous medium is densified.

8. A modeling and simulation device for an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting furnace based on key field coupling, characterized in that, The device includes: The decomposition module is used to break down the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown smelting process into multiple stages. The feature extraction module is used to extract features from each of the multiple steps to obtain the key fields of each step. The output module is used to perform coupled calculations on the key fields of each link to obtain the modeling and simulation results of the oxygen-enriched bottom-blown melting furnace based on the coupling of key fields. The multiple stages include: the injection of compressible gas in the spray gun, the multiphase movement of gas and slag in the bottom-blown furnace, the mixing of furnace charge during the bottom-blown process, the heterogeneous reaction of bottom-blown matte and slag, the feeding of concentrate particles into the bottom-blown furnace, and the growth of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blown spray gun. The key fields in the compressed gas injection process of the spray gun include: the single-phase flow field of the injected gas in each of the multiple spray guns and the temperature field inside the spray gun. The key fields in the multiphase motion of gas-mâteau matte and slag in the bottom-blown furnace include: the multiphase flow field of gas-mâteau matte and slag; The key fields in the bottom blowing process of furnace charge mixing include: the gas-matte-slag multiphase flow field and the component fields in each phase; The key fields in the heterogeneous reaction process of bottom blowing matte and slag formation include: the multiphase flow field of gas matte and slag and the component field of the heterogeneous reaction; The key fields in the bottom-blown furnace concentrate particle feeding process include: the gas-matte multiphase flow field and the particle motion field; The key fields in the growth process of solid mushroom heads at the bottom-blowing spray gun include: the growth process of the irregular loose porous medium generated at the end of the spray gun and the flow field after stabilization.

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