A method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of organic chemistry technology, and specifically discloses a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste. The separation method provided by the present invention, by the technical means of extracting high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste after emulsification, the layered emulsion is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer has a higher calorific value and chlorine content, the middle layer has a lower calorific value and chlorine content than the upper layer, and the calorific value and chlorine content of the lower layer are the lowest; by partially concentrating and extracting high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, the upper layer obtains a good concentration effect, reducing the disposal amount of high-chlorine hazardous waste, and the middle and lower layers have good water solubility and homogeneity, and relatively low calorific value and chlorine content, and can be directly incinerated or used for supercritical compatibility; solves the problems of large disposal amount, slow disposal speed, difficult processing and easy secondary pollution in the existing high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, realizes the utilization of high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to the greatest extent, and improves economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic chemistry, and in particular to a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the separation and purification of organic compounds has mostly been achieved through extraction processes using organic substances such as dichloromethane or methanol. However, while this method separates and purifies the organic matter, the remaining extract also becomes a new organic matter mixing unit. When the extraction capacity decreases or is no longer available, it can only be further disposed of as hazardous waste. However, most hazardous wastes have the characteristics of high calorific value and high chlorine content. Currently, the treatment of chlorine-containing organic hazardous wastes is mostly harmless treatment such as direct incineration or supercritical water oxidation. However, during direct incineration, some organic matter is not completely burned, which will cause secondary pollution. During supercritical water oxidation treatment, due to the high chloride ion content in chlorine-containing organic hazardous waste, the compatibility ratio is very low, which will seriously affect the disposal speed. In addition, most substances in chlorine-containing organic hazardous waste are insoluble in water, making it difficult to achieve homogenization, which further affects the stability of disposal operations. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a method that can efficiently separate high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to meet the requirements of incineration or supercritical compatibility and maximize the compatibility ratio of hazardous waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a method for separating high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste. By determining the chloride ion content in specific high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste and combining it with specific emulsifiers and extractants, the method solves the problems of existing high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste, such as large disposal volume, slow disposal speed, difficult disposal, and easy secondary pollution during the disposal process. It maximizes the utilization of high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste and improves economic benefits.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, comprising adding an emulsifier with an HLB value of 11-15 to the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, mixing the mixture evenly, adding water, and allowing the mixture to stand to obtain a layered emulsion.

[0006] The chloride ion content in the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 15×10 4 ~20×10 4 mg / kg.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste provided by the present invention first uses a specific emulsifier to emulsify the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, which can form countless emulsions of moderate size from the oil and organic matter in the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste; further, the present invention selects water as the extractant and adds it to the emulsion to extract part of the chlorine-containing organic matter, thereby forming two layers. After further standing treatment, the emulsion part contained in the upper layer is unstable in the emulsifier, resulting in demulsification. It naturally separates in the emulsion according to the density and interaction characteristics, obtaining a three-layered emulsion, thereby achieving the preliminary separation of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste and accelerating the disposal speed. The present invention breaks away from the design concept of existing technologies. By means of technical means of emulsifying and then extracting high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, the layered emulsion is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, wherein the upper layer has a higher calorific value and chlorine content, the middle layer has a lower calorific value and chlorine content than the upper layer, and the lower layer has the lowest calorific value and chlorine content; by partially concentrating and extracting the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, the upper layer obtains a good concentration effect, reducing the disposal amount of the high-chlorine hazardous waste, while the middle and lower layers have good water solubility and homogeneity, and relatively low calorific value and chlorine content, and can be directly incinerated or used for supercritical compatibility; the separation method of high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste provided by the present invention solves the problems of the existing high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, such as large disposal amount, slow disposal speed, difficult disposal and easy secondary pollution in the disposal process, thereby realizing the utilization of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to the greatest extent and improving economic benefits.

[0008] Preferably, the calorific value of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 28MJ / kg to 32MJ / kg.

[0009] Preferably, the emulsifier is a mixture of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier and sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier to the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate emulsifier in the emulsifier is 1:(0.9-1.1).

[0011] The preferred emulsifier can form countless emulsions of moderate size from the oil and organic matter in the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, thereby improving the water extraction effect and achieving effective separation of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste. The inventors found through a large number of experiments that the selection of emulsifier has a great influence on the separation of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste. If the emulsification effect is particularly stable, the high-chlorine substances cannot be separated, resulting in the chlorine content of the upper and lower layers being equivalent. If the emulsification effect is not stable enough, more water-insoluble organic matter cannot be dissolved in water, which ultimately leads to the inability to separate the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to the emulsifier is 1:(0.01-0.02).

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to water is 1:(0.5-0.6).

[0014] Preferably, the standing time is 12 hours to 15 hours.

[0015] Preferably, the layered emulsion is divided into three layers.

[0016] The method for separating high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste provided by the present invention solves the problems of existing high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste, such as large disposal volume, slow disposal speed, difficult disposal, and easy secondary pollution during the disposal process. It maximizes the utilization of high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste and improves economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with implementation examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] This embodiment provides a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste:

[0020] Add emulsifier (4 g) to high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste (400 g), mix well, add water (200 g), let it stand for 12 hours, and then layer the emulsion;

[0021] Among them, the chloride ion content in high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 15.7×10 4 mg / kg, calorific value is 29MJ / kg;

[0022] The emulsifier is a mixture of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier and sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0023] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0024] Layering Weight (g) Calorific value (MJ / kg) Chlorine content (mg / kg) upper layer 210 30.6 177000 Middle level 112 24.3 121000 Lower level 270 7.6 16000

[0025] Example 2

[0026] This embodiment provides a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste:

[0027] Add emulsifier (8 g) to high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste (400 g), mix well, add water (240 g), let it stand for 15 hours, and then separate the emulsion into layers;

[0028] Among them, the chloride ion content in high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 15×10 4mg / kg, calorific value is 32MJ / kg;

[0029] The emulsifier is a mixture of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier and sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier in a mass ratio of 1:0.9;

[0030] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0031] Layering Weight (g) Calorific value (MJ / kg) Chlorine content (mg / kg) upper layer 200 30.3 167000 Middle level 175 22.6 115000 Lower level 256 8.5 12000

[0032] Example 3

[0033] This embodiment provides a method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste:

[0034] Add emulsifier (6 g) to high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste (400 g), mix well, add water (220 g), let it stand for 13 hours, and then layer the emulsion;

[0035] Among them, the chloride ion content in high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 20×10 4 mg / kg, calorific value is 28MJ / kg;

[0036] The emulsifier is a mixture of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier and sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier in a mass ratio of 1:1.1;

[0037] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0038] Layering Weight (g) Calorific value (MJ / kg) Chlorine content (mg / kg) upper layer 230 29.5 215000 Middle level 126 24 128000 Lower level 255 6.2 8550

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example is different in that: the emulsifier is EL-20;

[0041] The other steps and ingredients are exactly the same as in Example 1;

[0042] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0043] Layering Weight (g) Calorific value (MJ / kg) Chlorine content (mg / kg) upper layer 270 30.8 165000 Middle level 165 25.5 108000 Lower level 152 6.8 4560

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the chloride ion content in the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is increased to 30×10 4 mg / kg;

[0046] The other steps and ingredients are exactly the same as in Example 1;

[0047] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0048] Layering Weight (g) Calorific value (MJ / kg) Chlorine content (mg / kg) upper layer 259 30.5 325000 Middle level 113 25.2 136500 Lower level 218 9.3 14560

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] Compared with Example 1, this comparative example differs in that: the emulsifier is AEO-3;

[0051] The other steps and ingredients are exactly the same as in Example 1;

[0052] The composition of the layered emulsion is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Judging from the separation results of Examples 1-3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-3, Comparative Example 1 uses the EL-20 emulsifier, which results in a decrease in the chlorine content concentration in the upper layer of the stratified emulsion, resulting in the inability to better concentrate the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste. The upper layer content of the stratified emulsion is increased, which further increases the disposal time and reduces the disposal speed; the middle layer content of the stratified emulsion is increased to a certain extent compared with Example 1, which also increases the disposal time to a certain extent, and the lower layer content of the stratified emulsion is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the utilization rate of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 increases the chloride ion content in the high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste. It can be seen that due to the deterioration of the emulsification effect, the content of the upper layer of the stratified emulsion is significantly increased, and the chlorine content is greatly increased, thereby increasing the difficulty of disposing of the upper layer of the stratified emulsion and reducing the disposal speed; the content of the lower layer of the stratified emulsion is reduced to a certain extent, reducing the utilization rate of the high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste.

[0056] In comparative example 3, AEO-3 was selected as the emulsifier. The results showed that the stratification of the emulsion only reached two layers, and the upper layer contained a large amount of chlorine-containing hazardous waste, thereby increasing the disposal volume of high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste and reducing the disposal speed.

[0057] In summary, the method for separating high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste provided by the present invention solves the problems of large disposal volume, slow disposal speed, difficult disposal, and easy secondary pollution in the existing high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste by determining the chloride ion content in specific high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste and combining it with specific emulsifiers and extractants. It maximizes the utilization of high-chloride organic liquid hazardous waste and improves economic benefits.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, characterized in that: Add an emulsifier with an HLB value of 11-15 to the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste, mix well, add water, let it stand, and form a layered emulsion; The chloride ion content in the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 15×10 4 ~20×10 4 mg / kg; The emulsifier is a mixture of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier and sodium lauryl sulfate emulsifier.

2. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calorific value of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste is 28MJ / kg to 32MJ / kg.

3. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the castor oil polyoxyethylene ether emulsifier to the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate emulsifier in the emulsifier is 1:(0.9-1.1).

4. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to the emulsifier is 1:(0.01-0.02).

5. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste to water is 1:(0.5-0.6).

6. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The standing time is 12 hours to 15 hours.

7. The method for separating high-chlorine organic liquid hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered emulsion is divided into three layers.

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