A correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices and its construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a deviation correction device and its construction method for bridges adjacent to foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices. The deviation correction device includes a force balancing module and a prestressed damping device. The first end of the force balancing module is connected to the retaining structure of the foundation pit through the prestressed damping device, a first force transmission module, and an enlarged block. The second end of the force balancing module is connected to the bridge abutment through the prestressed damping device, a second force transmission module, and an enlarged block. The force balancing module is equipped with a fixed anchor rod located at the bottom. This invention specifically solves the problem of safety protection for bridge structures adjacent to foundation pits. By using a prestressed damping device, it achieves the effect of limiting bridge displacement while reducing the displacement of the source retaining structure, and also reasonably controls the bending moment of the bridge piles. At the same time, it protects the safety of the cap beam and bridge piles, solving a series of problems related to bridge deviation correction, such as source control, path cutting, and damping energy consumption. It is adaptable to various construction scenarios and provides a new approach to the field of bridge deviation correction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge alignment technology, and in particular to an alignment device and construction method for a bridge with an adjacent foundation pit based on a prestressed damping device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the accelerating pace of urbanization, the impact of urban underground space development has become increasingly significant. When unloading occurs in lateral foundation pits, the soil undergoes substantial horizontal displacement, inducing significant displacement in bridge pile foundations and abutments. Bridge pier structures with prestressed portal frame cap beams are a common structural form, and their standards for controlling concrete tensile stress and cracking are extremely stringent. Differential displacement between the bottoms of two piers under the same cap beam will induce significant additional stress in the cap beam, causing cracking and endangering the safety of the bridge structure. Therefore, for bridge structures, if deviations are not corrected in time, significant displacement of bridge pile foundations and abutments will seriously affect the bridge structure and operational safety. Furthermore, if strong limiting measures are used to control the displacement of bridge abutments, the abutments will become fixed ends, causing excessive bending moments on the bridge piles, leading to cracking and affecting the overall bearing capacity of the bridge structure. Therefore, this invention uses a prestressed damping device to provide soft contact limiting for bridge abutments, restricting bridge structural displacement while relaxing hard contact with the abutments, effectively reducing the bending moment of the bridge pile foundations, and further ensuring that the stress and displacement of the bridge structure and bridge piles are within a safe range.

[0003] Literature review reveals that existing bridge alignment correction devices are limited and primarily used for traction during the completed bridge phase. These devices are bulky, costly, and difficult to use, severely impacting traffic flow on viaducts. Therefore, they are unsuitable for protecting bridges during lateral construction disturbances. Furthermore, existing correction devices lack sensitivity in displacement detection, failing to provide timely and accurate data feedback to on-site personnel and the devices themselves. The devices struggle to adjust based on real-time stress and displacement, exhibiting significant time lag. Thus, implementing real-time monitoring and adjustment of the device structure is impractical. Moreover, for bridge alignment under lateral disturbances, the forced movement of the bridge largely depends on the source of the disturbance. Existing bridge alignment correction devices generally do not constrain the source deformation of the retaining structure in the foundation pit; they only limit movement from the bridge's perspective, failing to control the impact at its source.

[0004] In this context, by actively comparing the two bridge active correction devices, we can see that the "Active Correction Device for Bridges Adjacent to Foundation Pit and Its Construction Method" (application number 202110119931.3) uses an intelligent jack device to monitor bridge displacement in real time and apply force for jacking. However, the intelligent jack correction device is highly dependent on the accuracy and timeliness of the monitoring data. Monitoring methods often have a lag, and when the retaining structure's displacement velocity is high, the lag in force control makes it extremely difficult to prevent bridge structure displacement. Furthermore, for bridge structures with small control values ​​and rapid displacement development, timely and accurate correction is difficult. Simultaneously, this control method prevents the bridge abutment from shifting. With the abutment becoming a fixed end, the additional bending moment generated by the bridge pile foundation is greatly increased, potentially causing pile foundation cracks or even damage, posing a threat to the safety of the bridge structure. The patent application No. 202110013844.X, entitled "A Traction-Type Bridge Correction Device and Its Construction Method," adopts the principle of traction-type correction by connecting the abutments of the near and far pile foundations, increasing the overall rigidity and thus reducing the overall displacement. However, it is impossible to actively control the bridge structure. Faced with large lateral disturbances, it is difficult to ensure the safety of the bridge structure. Furthermore, since two bridge piers are connected, the entire structure may even overturn. Therefore, this patent ignores the large displacement and excessively fast displacement caused by the source disturbance. The lack of active control also means that the safety of the bridge cannot be reliably guaranteed, and the effectiveness is unclear.

[0005] In summary, current bridge correction devices are rarely used primarily to protect bridges from disturbances caused by surrounding construction. Furthermore, existing devices suffer from difficulties in construction, delayed real-time control, heavy loads on bridge piles, and difficulty in controlling the source of the problem, making it difficult to assess their effectiveness. Therefore, they are difficult to use in actual engineering projects and achieve the desired protective effect. There is a lack of a bridge correction device specifically designed for bridges near foundation pits that is easy to control, easy to implement, reduces the source of the problem, and simultaneously protects both the bridge and the bridge pile structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing technology, the primary objective of this invention is to provide a correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices that is easy to control, easy to implement, reduces the impact of the source, and at the same time protects the bridge and bridge pile structure.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for the above-mentioned correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping supports.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A correction device for a bridge near a foundation pit based on a prestressed damping device includes a force balancing module and a prestressed damping device. The first end of the force balancing module is connected to the retaining structure of the foundation pit via the prestressed damping device, a first force transmission module, and an enlarged block. The second end of the force balancing module is connected to the bridge abutment via the prestressed damping device, a second force transmission module, and an enlarged block. The force balancing module is equipped with a fixed anchor rod located below, used to balance the prestress on both sides and cut off the displacement of the retaining structure on the bridge structure. To enhance the control effect, the prestress of the prestressed damping device is initially set to apply a thrust to the retaining structure, thereby compensating for the imbalance of the limiting force on the retaining structure during the support pouring process and reducing the horizontal displacement of the source retaining structure. For the prestressed damping device between the bridge structure and the force balancing module, the prestress and reasonable stiffness are also initially set to apply a thrust to the bridge pile structure, limiting bridge displacement, while damping and stiffness are used to dissipate the energy during bridge displacement.

[0010] Furthermore, the prestressed damping device is connected by lock holes on both sides.

[0011] Furthermore, a locking module is provided between the second force transmission modules. The locking module and the second force transmission module are connected by a tongue and groove joint. When the displacement value of the prestressed damping device reaches the set threshold, the locking module will lock with the adjacent second force transmission module to achieve the locking effect and protect the safety of the bridge.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed anchor bolts and the force balance module are connected by concrete casting.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixed anchor bolts are specifically constructed by installing vertical anchor bolts on the retaining structure side and inclined anchor bolts on the bridge side, with the angle of the inclined anchor bolts specifically ranging from 15 degrees to 45 degrees.

[0014] Furthermore, the prestressed damping device is multi-channel, which can be dual-channel, triple-channel, quad-channel, etc.

[0015] Furthermore, the correction device includes multiple first force transmission modules and second force transmission modules, with prestressed damping devices provided between adjacent first force transmission modules and prestressed damping devices also provided between adjacent second force transmission modules.

[0016] Furthermore, the enlarged block is welded to the foundation and the pit retaining structure; all connections are reinforced with sealant.

[0017] A construction method for a correction device for a bridge near a foundation pit based on a prestressed damping device includes the following steps:

[0018] 1) Excavate the soil around the foundation and retaining structure down to the bottom elevation of the foundation;

[0019] 2) Install the enlarged block and ensure it fits tightly against the outer side of the foundation and the outer side of the retaining structure;

[0020] 3) Install the reinforcement module inside the retaining structure and at the joint of the adjacent retaining structure, and connect it to the supporting structure;

[0021] 4) Construction force balance module and its lower fixed anchor bolts;

[0022] 5) Based on the horizontal clearance between the foundation pit retaining structure, the pile cap and the force balance module, install an appropriate number of first force transmission modules and second force transmission modules, and install locking modules between adjacent second force transmission modules.

[0023] 6) Based on the pre-calculated prestress value and the stiffness and damping of the device, insert the prestressed damping device into the preset holes of the first force transmission module and the second force transmission module on both sides.

[0024] 7) Optimize the prestress of the locking module and prestressed damping device appropriately based on the monitoring data during use;

[0025] 8) Restore the road surface with the cover plate according to the actual road surface requirements and activate the whole device.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) This invention is specifically designed for the engineering practice of bridges adjacent to foundation pits. By applying prestress and adopting the idea of ​​force balance module, the source influence of retaining structure displacement can be effectively reduced. While cutting off the displacement of the retaining structure on the bridge, the bridge is allowed to generate partial displacement to reduce the constraint influence. Furthermore, damping and stiffness are adopted to consume the energy of bridge displacement, and a set of correction devices that can be fully prefabricated and conveniently installed is formed.

[0028] (2) In this invention, the application of prestress and control of bridge pile displacement will affect the stress on the retaining structure. The local reinforcement module can effectively reinforce the retaining structure on the side of the device. At the same time, considering the joint problem between adjacent retaining structures, the reinforcement module will be used to strengthen the joint. The reinforcement module is connected to the support structure, which not only makes the installation quick, but also greatly improves the structural reliability and ensures the safety of the foundation pit.

[0029] (3) The force transmission module and prestressed damping device in this invention can be adapted to different spacing conditions by setting different quantities. They can be produced and assembled in a modular manner. They can be recycled after use, which is convenient for factory loading and transportation, on-site stacking and installation. This greatly improves the versatility and ease of use of this device.

[0030] (4) The locking module in this invention is fixed on the force transmission module and connected through the corresponding tongue and groove. The length of the locking module can be customized by setting the control value in advance, and it can be spliced ​​on site, which improves the convenience of construction.

[0031] (5) The enlarged blocks on both sides of the present invention can be configured according to the different positional relationships of the foundation pit and the bridge to ensure the single linearity of force transmission in the device, thereby improving the adaptability of the device under different complex conditions.

[0032] (6) The force balance module adopted in this invention can not only control the displacement by taking prestress in different directions on both sides, but also cut off the retaining structure side correction device and lock the bridge side correction device when the displacement reaches the control displacement. The subsequent displacement of the retaining structure cannot be transmitted to the bridge structure through the device, thus ensuring the safety of the bridge.

[0033] (7) The prestressed damping device in this invention adopts prestressed intervention in advance because the support strength develops slowly during the foundation pit excavation process, and the axial force is insufficient, resulting in a larger deformation of the retaining structure than usual. The use of prestressing effectively balances the support axial force on the retaining structure and effectively reduces the source displacement of the retaining structure. Furthermore, if the bridge displacement is completely restricted, it will have a significant impact on the bearing capacity of the bridge piles. Therefore, the damping device is adopted to allow partial displacement of the bridge piles to reduce the burden on the bearing capacity. In addition, the device greatly increases the effectiveness of the device and the safety of the bridge through energy dissipation by damping and stiffness during the process.

[0034] (8) The monitoring module of the present invention can collect and analyze the force and displacement monitoring data of bridges, force balance modules and foundation pit retaining structures, ensure the normal operation of the correction device, and can set up a base station to transmit data in real time, which can ensure that the actual effect of the device implementation reaches the expected level. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the correction device for a bridge near a foundation pit based on a prestressed damping device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the reinforcement module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the enlarged block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is an overall three-dimensional view of the prestressed damping device and force transmission module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is an overall three-dimensional view of the force balance module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is an overall three-dimensional view of the locking module and the force transmission module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of data transmission of the monitoring module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the invention when there is an angle between the foundation pit and the enlarged block of the foundation.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the prestressed damping device and force transmission module in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the prestressed damping device and force transmission module in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0046] In the diagram: 1—Reinforcement module; 2—Retaining structure monitoring module; 3—Prestressed damping device; 4—First force transmission module; 5—Second force transmission module; 6—Monitoring module of force balance module; 7—Force balance module; 8—Vertical anchor; 9—Inclined anchor; 10—Locking module; 11—Enlarged block; 12—Bridge monitoring module; 13—Pier; 14—Pile cap; 15—Bridge pile; 16—Support; 17—Cap beam; 18—Foundation pit retaining structure; 19—Retaining structure joint; 20—Keyhole; 21—Processor; 22—Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Example 1

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The diagram shows a bridge deviation correction device adjacent to a foundation pit according to the present invention. The foundation pit support structure system consists of a support 16, a cap beam 17, a foundation pit retaining structure 18, and a reinforcement module 1. Figure 2 As shown, the reinforcement module 1 is formed by casting a thickened cap beam or waist beam at the corresponding location of the device, and steel plates are used to reinforce the joints of the adjacent retaining structures. By enhancing the overall rigidity, the reinforcement module 1 and the foundation pit retaining structure 18 can be subjected to force as a whole, which can effectively improve the overall rigidity of the foundation pit retaining structure 18.

[0049] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the enlarged block 11 is connected to the foundation pit cap beam 17 and the foundation 14 by welding to reduce the influence of the axial force of the device on the concentrated force of the foundation pit structure and the foundation. The prestressed damping device 3 is connected through the pre-reserved locking holes 20 on the enlarged block 11, and is also connected to the first force transmission module 4 and the second force transmission module 5 through the interlocking of the locking holes 20. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the stiffness and displacement of the overall device, the entire prestressed damping device 3 and the first force transmission module 4 and the second force transmission module 5 are divided into several modules according to the net distance and spliced ​​together. The net distance, damper length and preset prestress are calculated in advance, and the overall device is assembled after adjustment. The prestressed damping devices 3 are all equipped with the first force transmission module 4 or the second force transmission module 5 to prevent the prestressed damping devices 3 from deflecting, so as to ensure that the force transmission between the foundation pit retaining structure 18 and the foundation 14 is axial force transmission.

[0050] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the force balancing module 7 typically consists of vertical anchor rods 8, inclined anchor rods 9, and cast-in-place concrete on top. First, the positioned vertical anchor rods 8 and inclined anchor rods 9 are inserted, and then the concrete structure on top is poured to achieve a stable connection of the force balancing module 7. The front and rear ends of the force balancing module 7 are equipped with locking holes for connection to the prestressed damping device 3, thus achieving the connection between the force balancing module 7 and the prestressed damping device 3. The force balancing module 7 achieves its own stability and balance with the initial force through the positioned vertical anchor rods 8 and inclined anchor rods 9, achieving the stability of the entire device. The locking module 10 is fixed to the second force transmission module 5 on the side of the bridge pile via a tongue and groove joint. The length of the locking module 10 is determined by the displacement control value of the bridge pile. When the bridge pile reaches the preset control value, the locking module 10 locks the prestressed damping device 3 and the second force transmission module 5, ensuring overall safety.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the monitoring module consists of a retaining structure monitoring module 2, a force balance module monitoring module 6, a bridge monitoring module 12, a processor 21, and an alarm 22. The retaining structure monitoring module 2 is installed on the retaining structure 18 of the foundation pit to measure the axial force and displacement on the device throughout the entire process; the force balance module monitoring module 6 is used to monitor the displacement and axial force of the force balance module 7; and the bridge monitoring module 12 is used on the bridge pile cap 14 to measure the displacement and axial force acting on the bridge pile.

[0052] After obtaining displacement and axial force data from the retaining structure monitoring module 2, the force balance module monitoring module 6, and the bridge monitoring module 12, the processor 21 issues corresponding commands to subsequently correct the prestress of the prestressed damping device 3 and the length of the locking module 10. The goal is to keep the bridge pile displacement within the control range and effectively reduce the source displacement of the retaining structure. When the displacement measured by the displacement sensor exceeds the set threshold, the locking module 10 will lock the device, turning it into a fixed constraint. The threshold is the alarm value set for the project, and the threshold varies depending on the specific project.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the application scenarios are different. In this embodiment, there is an angle between the foundation pit and the enlarged block 11 of the foundation 14. By changing the shape of the force balance module 7, the prestressed damping device 3, the first force transmission module 4, and the second force transmission module 5 can effectively apply the load. Even when there is an angle between the foundation pit and the foundation 14, this device can still be used to correct the deviation, so as to adapt the device to various different positional relationships between the foundation pit and the bridge.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] like Figure 9 As shown, the main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the prestressed damping device adopts a three-channel arrangement. Figure 9 In this embodiment, a three-channel arrangement is adopted. When the distance is limited and the required overall device stiffness is large, the number of channels is increased to ensure that the prestressed damping device 3 can effectively limit the bridge displacement. Even when the foundation pit and the abutment 14 are close, the device can still be used for correction, so as to adapt the device to various different positional relationships between the foundation pit and the bridge.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] like Figure 10 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 lies in the arrangement of the three channels. Embodiment 3 uses a triangular arrangement, while this embodiment uses a parallel arrangement.

[0059] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices, characterized in that... The system includes a force balancing module and a prestressed damping device. The first end of the force balancing module is connected to the retaining structure of the foundation pit through the prestressed damping device, the first force transmission module, and the enlarged block. The second end of the force balancing module is connected to the bridge abutment through the prestressed damping device, the second force transmission module, and the enlarged block. The force balancing module is equipped with a fixed anchor rod located below, which is used to balance the prestress on both sides and cut off the displacement of the retaining structure on the bridge structure.

2. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the prestressed damping device are connected by keyholes.

3. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking module is provided between the second force transmission modules. The locking module and the second force transmission module are connected by a tongue and groove joint. When the displacement value of the prestressed damping device reaches the set threshold, the locking module will lock with the adjacent second force transmission module to achieve the locking effect.

4. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed anchor bolts and the force balance module are connected by concrete casting.

5. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed anchor bolts are specifically installed as vertical anchor bolts on the retaining structure side and inclined anchor bolts on the bridge side, with the angle of the inclined anchor bolts being 15 degrees to 45 degrees.

6. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed damping device is multi-channel.

7. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 6, characterized in that: The prestressed damping device is dual-channel.

8. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes multiple first force transmission modules and second force transmission modules. A prestressed damping device is provided between adjacent first force transmission modules, and a prestressed damping device is also provided between adjacent second force transmission modules.

9. The correction device for bridges near foundation pits based on prestressed damping devices according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The enlarged block is welded to the foundation and the pit retaining structure; all connections are reinforced with sealant.

10. A construction method for a correction device for a bridge adjacent to a foundation pit based on a prestressed damping device according to claim 3, comprising the following steps: 1) Excavate the soil around the foundation and retaining structure down to the bottom elevation of the foundation; 2) Install the enlarged block and ensure it fits tightly against the outer side of the foundation and the outer side of the retaining structure; 3) Install the reinforcement module inside the retaining structure and at the joint of the adjacent retaining structure, and connect it to the supporting structure; 4) Construction of the force balance module and its lower fixed anchor bolts; 5) Based on the horizontal clearance between the foundation pit retaining structure, the pile cap and the force balance module, install an appropriate number of first force transmission modules and second force transmission modules, and install locking modules between adjacent second force transmission modules. 6) Based on the pre-calculated prestress value and the stiffness and damping of the device, insert the prestressed damping device into the preset holes of the first force transmission module and the second force transmission module on both sides. 7) Optimize the prestress of the locking module and prestressed damping device appropriately based on the monitoring data during use; 8) Restore the road surface with the cover plate according to the actual road surface requirements and activate the whole device.

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