A multi-stage regulated granular damper

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multistage regulation particle damper, including shell (1), particle level unit (2) being arranged at the top of shell (1) and gear shift unit (3) being installed in the inside of shell (1), particle transmission unit (4) and particle energy dissipation unit (5).Gear shift unit (3) is connected with the level structure (21) in particle level unit (2) by speed change line (33), is connected with the amplification gear (41) in particle transmission unit by chain (6), is connected with the flange rotating shaft (51) in particle energy dissipation unit (5) by gear shift gear set (31).Compared with prior art, the present application is provided with ingenious level mechanism and gear shift unit, realizes the multistage regulation function of particle damper, can reach high-efficiency particle collision when the main body structure is vibrated, thereby quickly dissipating the vibration energy of system, realizes the goal of vibration reduction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of structural vibration control, and particularly relates to a multi-stage adjusting granular damper. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, granular damping technology has been deeply researched and applied in the fields of machinery, aviation, civil engineering, etc. due to its advantages of wide tuning frequency band, good robustness and durability, suitability for harsh working environment, and easy maintenance. The granular damper fills a certain number of particles in a limited closed space or an additional cavity of a vibrating structure, and the particles dissipate the vibration energy of the system through the collision and friction between the particles, the container and the particles inside, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. However, the traditional granular damper has some drawbacks: (1) when the particle accumulation or filling rate in the container is low, the particle collision efficiency is low; (2) in order to achieve better vibration reduction effect, a larger additional mass is needed, and the control efficiency will be greatly reduced and the design cost will be increased; (3) the vibration reduction effect is related to multiple parameters, the parameters interact with each other, and the vibration reduction mechanism is relatively complex; (4) the traditional damper cannot achieve rapid and effective energy dissipation for different vibration conditions. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of granular damper to achieve multi-stage adjustment for different vibration conditions and improve the particle collision efficiency, so as to achieve better vibration reduction effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-stage adjusting granular damper for multi-stage adjustment for different vibration conditions and improving the particle collision efficiency.

[0004] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multi-stage adjusting granular damper is installed on a main structure as a whole, comprising a shell, a particle adjusting unit arranged at the top of the shell, and a gear transmission unit, a particle transmission unit and a particle energy dissipation unit arranged in the shell.

[0006] The gear transmission unit comprises a transmission gear set, a transmission and a transmission line, the transmission gear set is connected with the transmission through a chain, and the transmission line is arranged on the transmission.

[0007] The particle adjusting unit comprises a first particle container and an adjusting mechanism moving horizontally in the first particle container, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the transmission through the transmission line.

[0008] The particle transmission unit is connected with the transmission gear set through a chain.

[0009] The particle energy dissipation unit comprises a horizontal protruding edge shaft, and the protruding edge shaft is connected with the transmission gear set.

[0010] The particle level adjusting unit, the particle transmission unit and the particle energy consumption unit respectively include first particles, second particles and third particles for damping.

[0011] Further, the particle level adjusting unit includes a level adjusting structure, a first particle container, a first spring and first particles.

[0012] Further, the first particle container is provided with multiple level changing positions, and the first particle container is provided with a track for stretching the first spring and moving the first particles.

[0013] Further, one end of the first spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to the level adjusting structure, and the first particles can move in the track to push the level adjusting structure to move to the last level changing position of the first particle container.

[0014] Further, the first spring is in a natural elongation state, and under the impact of the first particles, it is elongated along the track of the first particle container and always maintains elastic deformation.

[0015] Further, the width direction of the track inside the first particle container ensures that only one first particle can be placed, and the number of first particles placed in the length direction of the track should be appropriate so that the level adjusting structure can move to the first level changing position of the first particle container under the impact of the first particles. The second level changing position to the last level changing position.

[0016] Further, the variable speed gear set is composed of multiple gears with increasing diameters, and the multiple gears are coaxially installed and fixedly connected between the gears.

[0017] Further, the number of gears of the variable speed gear set is one more than the number of level changing positions of the first particle container.

[0018] Further, the level adjusting structure includes a roller end plate, a level adjusting slide rail, a sliding block, a sliding block support shaft and a second spring.

[0019] Further, one end of the second spring is fixedly installed inside the level adjusting slide rail, and the other end is sequentially connected to the sliding block support shaft, the sliding block and the roller end plate.

[0020] Further, the bottom of the level adjusting slide rail is connected with the variable speed wire.

[0021] Further, a hole is provided at the lower end of the first particle container to allow the level adjusting slide rail to pull the variable speed wire at different positions.

[0022] Further, the second spring is in a compressed state, and when the second spring is naturally elongated, the roller end plate can move to the last level changing position of the first particle container.

[0023] Further, the transmission includes an upper level changing shell, a lower level changing shell, a limiting shaft screw, a traction piece, a stretching spring, a level changing gear and a guide gear.

[0024] Further, a tension spring is arranged between the upper and lower variable gear housings, and the variable gear wire is connected to the tension spring inside the upper variable gear housing.

[0025] Further, the upper and lower variable gear housings are connected by a limiting shaft screw and a traction piece, and the traction piece is movably connected to the upper variable gear housing.

[0026] Further, the variable gear and the guide gear are installed on the lower variable gear housing, and the variable gear set, the variable gear and the guide gear are connected by a chain.

[0027] Further, the transmission is installed inside the housing by a fixing rod.

[0028] Further, the distance of the movement of the lower variable gear housing in the transmission after each variable gear adjustment is the distance between the adjacent gears in the variable gear set, so that the variable gear can be kept in the same plane with the gears in the variable gear set after each variable gear adjustment.

[0029] Further, the particle transmission unit comprises an amplification gear for transmission, a gear support, a variable disc, a crank rocker, a second particle container, a second particle for vibration reduction, a transmission slide plate and a third spring.

[0030] Further, the amplification gear is installed on the gear support, and the amplification gear is connected to the crank rocker through the variable disc.

[0031] Further, the amplification gear is connected to the variable gear set and the transmission by a chain.

[0032] Further, the second particle container is provided with a track for the movement of the second particle and the expansion and contraction of the third spring. Further, one end of the third spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to the transmission slide plate, and the transmission slide plate can reciprocate under the impact of the second particle and the stretching of the third spring.

[0033] Further, the width direction of the track in the second particle container is designed to accommodate only one second particle, and the length direction of the track is designed to accommodate a number of second particles, so that the transmission slide plate can reciprocate in a larger range under the impact of the second particles.

[0034] Further, the crank rocker is connected to the transmission slide plate, and the crank rocker can realize circular motion with the reciprocating motion of the transmission slide plate.

[0035] Further, a long rod is installed in the housing above the particle transmission unit, the particle energy consumption unit is installed on the long rod by a bearing, and the variable gear set is coaxially installed on the long rod.

[0036] Further, the particle energy dissipation unit comprises a protruding edge rotating shaft, a third particle container, third particles and a buffer material.

[0037] Further, the protruding edge rotating shaft is coaxially installed on the long rod, and the protruding edge rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the gear shift gear set.

[0038] Further, the inner wall of the third particle container is covered with a layer of buffer material, and the third particles can collide and vibrate in the third particle container.

[0039] Further, the filling volume ratio of the third particles in the third particle container is 25% to 40%.

[0040] Further, the buffer material comprises one or more of rubber or foamed plastic.

[0041] Further, the particle energy dissipation unit comprises a protruding edge rotating shaft, a third particle container, third particles and a buffer material.

[0042] Further, the protruding edge rotating shaft is coaxially installed on the long rod, and the third particle container is sleeved on the protruding edge rotating shaft.

[0043] Further, the inner wall of the third particle container is covered with a layer of buffer material, and the third particles can collide and vibrate in the third particle container.

[0044] Further, the filling volume ratio of the third particles in the third particle container is 25% to 40%.

[0045] Further, the buffer material comprises one or more of rubber or foamed plastic.

[0046] Further, the first particles, the second particles and the third particles comprise one or more of ceramic balls, steel balls and tungsten carbide balls.

[0047] The application also provides an application of the multi-stage adjusted particle damper in the field of vibration control of civil and mechanical structures.

[0048] In the application, when the main structure vibrates, the first spring is elongated under the impact of the first particles, and when the elongation reaches a certain length, the level adjusting structure reaches the variable stage of the first particle container, the second spring pushes the level adjusting structure to elongate, and at the same time, the level adjusting structure pulls the variable speed wire to change the position of the variable speed gear, so as to realize multi-stage variable stage. The chain after variable stage is located on the smaller gear in the variable speed gear set, which amplifies the rotation rate of the variable speed gear set, accelerates the rotation of the third particle container three, and makes the third particles and the third particle container collide and rub more efficiently, so as to quickly dissipate the vibration energy of the system. At the same time, the collision and friction between the first particles and the first particle container and between the second particles and the second particle container also partially dissipate the vibration energy of the system.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) The present application sets up a clever multi-stage adjusting structure, which realizes multi-stage adjustment and energy consumption of the particle damper through effective cooperation of the adjusting mechanism and the gear transmission unit; at the same time, the particle adjusting unit, the transmission unit and the energy consumption unit of the present application all contain particles for impact damping, which can achieve efficient particle collision when the main structure is subjected to vibration, thereby quickly dissipating the vibration energy of the system and achieving the damping target.

[0051] (2) The present application combines the gear transmission mode in mechanical transmission, which can realize speed control and power transmission of the present application through the combination of different sizes of gear sets, and can realize a wide range of speed adjustment without changing the layout of the main structure of the present application, and can realize more precise speed adjustment through multiple gear combinations.

[0052] (3) The present application can realize multi-stage adjustment function without inputting external energy, has small use limitation, and can be applied to damping work of various civil and mechanical structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present application.

[0054] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present application.

[0055] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the particle adjusting unit of the present application.

[0056] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the adjusting structure variable level state of the present application.

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the adjusting structure A-A section of the present application.

[0058] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the transmission and the variable speed gear set of the present application.

[0059] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the inside of the transmission structure of the present application.

[0060] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the transmission structure of the present application.

[0061] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the gear and the chain of the present application.

[0062] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the particle transmission unit of the present application.

[0063] Figure 11 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the third particle container inside the structure of the present application.

[0064] Reference numerals in the drawings:

[0065] 1 - shell;

[0066] 2 - particle adjusting unit, 21 - adjusting structure, 211 - roller end plate, 212 - adjusting slide rail, 213 - slide block, 214 - slide block support shaft, 215 - second spring, 22 - first particle container, 23 - first spring, 24 - first particle;

[0067] 3 - gear shifting unit, 31 - shifting gear set, 32 - gear box, 321 - upper level adjusting shell, 322 - lower level adjusting shell, 323 - limit shaft screw, 324 - traction piece, 325 - tension spring, 326 - level adjusting gear, 327 - guide gear, 328 - fixed rod, 33 - shifting wire;

[0068] 4 - particle transmission unit, 41 - amplification gear, 42 - gear support, 43 - shifting disc, 44 - crank rocker, 45 - second particle container, 46 - second particle, 47 - transmission slide plate, 48 - third spring;

[0069] 5 - particle energy consumption unit, 51 - flange rotating shaft, 52 - third particle container, 53 - third particle, 54 - buffer material;

[0070] 6 - chain, 7 - long rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the basis of the technical solution of the present application, and gives a detailed implementation and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] The present embodiment provides a multi-stage adjusting particle damper, which is installed on the main structure as a whole. As shown in Fig. 1, the particle damper comprises a shell 1, a particle adjusting unit 2, a gear shifting unit 3, a particle transmission unit 4, a particle energy consumption unit 5, a chain 6 and a long rod 7. Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the particle damper includes a housing 1, a particle leveling unit 2 located on the top of the housing 1, and a gear transmission unit 3, a particle drive unit 4, and a particle energy dissipation unit 5 installed inside the housing 1. The gear transmission unit 3 includes a gear set 31, a gearbox 32, and a transmission cable 33. The gear set 31 is connected to the gearbox 32 via a chain 6, and the transmission cable 33 is mounted on the gearbox 32. The particle leveling unit 2 includes a first particle container 22 and a leveling mechanism 21 that moves horizontally within the first particle container 22. The leveling mechanism 21 is connected to the gearbox 32 via the transmission cable 33. The particle drive unit 4 is connected to the gear set 31 via a chain 6. The particle energy dissipation unit 5 includes a horizontally positioned protruding edge shaft 51 connected to the gear set 31. In this embodiment, the particle leveling unit 2, particle drive unit 4, and particle energy dissipation unit 5 each include a first particle 24, a second particle 46, and a third particle 53 for impact damping. In this embodiment, the gear transmission unit 3 is connected to the adjustment structure 21 in the particle adjustment unit 2 via the transmission line 33, connected to the particle transmission unit 4 via the chain 6, and connected to the protruding side rotating shaft 51 in the particle energy dissipation unit 5 via the transmission gear set 31, thus realizing the connection and multi-stage adjustment of the particle damper in this embodiment.

[0074] Example 2:

[0075] This embodiment provides a multi-stage adjustable particle damper. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the particle damper is installed on the main structure and consists of a housing 1, a particle level adjustment unit 2, a gear transmission unit 3, a particle transmission unit 4, and a particle energy dissipation unit 5.

[0076] The particle leveling unit 2 is mounted on the top of the housing 1 and includes a leveling structure 21, a first particle container 22, a first spring 23, and a first particle 24. Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first particle container 22 has three levels of transition points; the first particle container 22 also has five tracks, with the two outermost tracks each holding a stretchable first spring 23, and the three middle tracks holding first particles 24. One end of the first spring 23 is fixed inside the first particle container 22, and the other end is connected to the adjustment structure 21. The width direction of the tracks inside the first particle container 22 ensures that only one first particle 24 can be placed, and the number of first particles 24 placed along the length direction of the tracks is appropriate so that the adjustment structure 21 can move to the last level of transition point of the first particle container 22 when the first particle 24 has a large impact. During use, the first spring 23 is in a naturally extended state, and under the impact of the first particle 24, it extends along the tracks of the first particle container 22, always maintaining elastic deformation.

[0077] The level adjusting structure 21 comprises a roller end plate 211, a level adjusting slide rail 212, a sliding block 213, a sliding block support shaft 214 and a second spring 215. As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 The one end of the second spring 215 is fixedly installed inside the level adjusting slide rail 212, and the other end is sequentially connected with the sliding block support shaft 214, the sliding block 213 and the roller end plate 211. The bottom of the level adjusting slide rail 212 is connected with the gear shifting line 33, and the lower end of the first particle container 22 is provided with a channel, so that the level adjusting slide rail 212 can pull the gear shifting line 33 at different positions. The second spring 215 is in a compressed state when it is at rest, and when the second spring 215 is naturally elongated after being impacted, the roller end plate 211 can gradually move to the first level, the second level and the last level of the first particle container 22.

[0078] The gear shifting unit 3 is installed inside the shell 1. The gear shifting unit 3 comprises a gear shifting gear set 31, a gear shifter 32 and a gear shifting line 33. The gear shifting gear set 31 is connected with the gear shifter 32 through the chain 6, and the gear shifting line 33 is arranged on the gear shifter 32. As shown in Figure 6 In this embodiment, the gear shifting gear set 31 is composed of four gears with increasing diameters. The four gears are coaxially installed and fixedly connected with each other. In the initial state, the chain 6 is located on the gear with the largest diameter in the gear shifting gear set 31.

[0079] The gear shifter 32 comprises an upper level adjusting shell 321, a lower level adjusting shell 322, a limiting shaft screw 323, a traction piece 324, a stretching spring 325, a level adjusting gear 326, a guide gear 327 and a fixed rod 328. As shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 The gear shifter 32 is installed inside the shell 1 through the fixed rod 328. The stretching spring 325 is arranged between the upper level adjusting shell 321 and the lower level adjusting shell 322. One end of the stretching spring 325 is fixedly connected with the lower level adjusting shell 322, and the other end is connected with the rotatable end plate at the bottom of the upper level adjusting shell 321. The gear shifting line 33 penetrates into the inside of the upper level adjusting shell 321 and is connected with the stretching spring 325. The upper level adjusting shell 321 and the lower level adjusting shell 322 are connected through the limiting shaft screw 323 and the traction piece 324. A gasket is arranged between the limiting shaft screw 323 and the traction piece 324. The traction piece 324 can rotate by a small angle around the limiting shaft screw 323 under the action of the stretching spring 325. The level adjusting gear 326 and the guide gear 327 are installed on the lower level adjusting shell 322. As shown in Figure 9 The gear shifting gear set 31, the level adjusting gear 326, the guide gear 327 and the amplifying gear 41 are sequentially connected through the chain 6.

[0080] The particle transmission unit 4 is installed at the bottom of the inside of the shell 1. As shown in Figure 10As shown, the particle transmission unit 4 includes an amplification gear 41 for transmission, a gear support 42, a variable speed disc 43, a crank rocker 44, and a second particle container 45 for damping, a second particle 46, a transmission slide plate 47, and a third spring 48. The amplification gear 41 is mounted on the gear support 42, the amplification gear 41 is connected with the crank rocker 44 through the variable speed disc 43, and the amplification gear 41 is connected with the variable speed gear set 31 through the chain 6. In this embodiment, three layers of second particle containers 45 are provided for sufficient damping, each of the second particle containers 45 is internally provided with five tracks, and one second particle 46 is placed in each track. The width of the track inside the second particle container 45 ensures that only one second particle 46 can be placed in the track in the transverse direction. One end of the third spring 48 is fixed inside the second particle container 45, and the other end of the third spring 48 is connected with the transmission slide plate 47, which can reciprocate under the impact of the second particle 46 and the stretching of the third spring 48. The crank rocker 44 is connected with the transmission slide plate 47, and the crank rocker 44 can realize circular motion with the reciprocating motion of the transmission slide plate 47.

[0081] The particle energy dissipation unit 5 is mounted inside the housing 1 and includes a protruding edge rotating shaft 51, a third particle container 52, a third particle 53, and a buffer material 54. As shown, Figure 11 The housing 1 is internally provided with a long rod 7 arranged above the particle transmission unit 4, the particle energy dissipation unit 5 is mounted on the long rod 7 through a bearing, and the variable speed gear set 31 is coaxially mounted on the long rod 7. The protruding edge rotating shaft 51 is coaxially mounted on the long rod 7, the protruding edge rotating shaft 51 is fixedly connected with the variable speed gear set 31, and the third particle container 52 is sleeved on the protruding edge rotating shaft 51. The inner wall of the third particle container 52 is covered with a layer of buffer material 54 made of rubber, the third particle 53 can impact and damp in the third particle container 52, and the filling volume ratio of the third particle 53 in the third particle container 52 is 40%.

[0082] In this embodiment, the first particle 24 and the second particle 46 are steel balls, and the third particle 53 is a tungsten carbide ball.

[0083] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0084] 1、When the main structure vibrates, the second particles 46 in the particle transmission unit 4 begin to impact the transmission slide plate 47 in the track of the second particle container 45, the transmission slide plate 47 begins to reciprocate under the impact of the second particles 46 and the stretching of the third spring 48, and then drives the crank rocker 44 to make a circular motion with the reciprocating motion of the transmission slide plate 47. The crank rocker 44 then drives the amplification gear 41 and the chain 6 to start rotating, and then the speed change gear set 31 connected with the chain 6 starts to drive the edge rotating shaft 51 to rotate around the shaft. The third particle container 52 sleeved on the edge rotating shaft 51 starts to rotate, and the third particles 53 inside start to impact the inside of the third particle container 52 continuously, achieving efficient impact damping. At the same time, the collision and friction between the second particles 46 and the second particle container 45 also dissipate part of the vibration energy of the system.

[0085] 2、When the main structure vibrates, the first particles 24 in the particle level adjusting unit 2 begin to impact the level adjusting structure 21 in the track inside the first particle container 22. The second spring 215 begins to stretch under the impact of the first particles 24, and when the level adjusting slide rail 212 reaches the variable step of the first particle container 22, the second spring 215 inside the level adjusting slide rail 212 pushes the sliding block 213 and the roller end plate 211 to stretch along the sliding block support shaft 214, so that the level adjusting structure 21 can be clamped at the first variable step. At this time, the movement of the level adjusting slide rail 212 pulls the speed change wire 33 connected at the bottom, the speed change wire 33 pulls the rotatable end plate at the bottom of the upper variable level shell 321 to rotate, then pulls the stretching spring 325, the traction piece 324 rotates a small angle around the limiting shaft screw 323 at the upper variable level shell 321, moves the lower variable level shell 322, and then drives the variable level gear 326 to change position. The position change of the variable level gear 326 then drives the movement of the chain 6, and the position of the chain 6 is shifted from the largest diameter gear in the speed change gear set 31 to the next smaller diameter gear, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the speed change gear set 31, and thereby speeding up the rotation of the third particle container 52. With the impact of the first particles 24, the level adjusting slide rail 212 continues to be pushed to the next variable step until the last variable step, the speed change wire 33 pulls the level adjusting structure 21 until the chain 6 is shifted to the smallest diameter gear in the speed change gear set 31, at which time the rotation speed of the speed change gear set 31 is further increased, thereby speeding up the impact of the third particles 53 in the third particle container 52 to achieve the effect of sufficient damping. The distance of the movement of the lower variable level shell 322 in the speed changer 32 is the distance between the gears in the speed change gear set 31, so that the variable level gear 326 can be kept in the same plane after each variable level, and the collision and friction between the first particles 24 and the first particle container 22 also dissipate part of the vibration energy of the system.

[0086] Example 3:

[0087] A multi-stage regulating particle damper, comprising a shell 1, a particle regulating unit 2, a particle transmission unit 4, a particle energy dissipation unit 5 and a gear shifting unit 3. The particle regulating unit 2 comprises a first particle container 22, a regulating structure 21, a first spring 23 and a first particle 24, which are arranged at the top of the damper and fixedly connected with the shell 1. The particle transmission unit comprises a second particle container 45, a transmission sliding plate 47, a third spring 48, a second particle 46, a crank rocker 44, a shifting disc 43, an amplification gear 41 and a gear support 42, which are arranged at the bottom of the damper and fixedly connected with the shell 1. The gear shifting unit 3 comprises a shifting gear set 31, a gear shifter 32 and a shifting line 33, and the gear shifter 32 is fixedly connected with the shell 1 through a fixing rod 328. The particle energy dissipation unit 5 comprises a protruding edge rotating shaft 51, a third particle container 52, a third particle 53 and a buffer material 54, which are arranged in the middle of the damper and connected with a long rod 7 through a bearing, and the long rod 7 is fixedly connected with the shell 1.

[0088] The regulating structure 21 in the particle regulating unit 2 is connected with the shifting line 33 in the gear shifting unit 3, the amplification gear 41 in the particle transmission unit 4 is connected with the gear shifter 32 in the gear shifting unit 3 through a chain 6, and the protruding edge rotating shaft 51 in the particle energy dissipation unit 5 is fixedly connected with the shifting gear set 31 in the gear shifting unit 3.

[0089] The gear shifter 32 in the gear shifting unit 3 comprises a shifting gear 326, a guide gear 327, a lower shifting housing 322, a limiting shaft core screw 323, an upper shifting housing 321, a tensile spring 325 and a traction piece 324.

[0090] The regulating structure 21 comprises a roller end plate 211, a regulating sliding rail 212, a sliding block 213, a sliding block support shaft 214 and a second spring 215. The sliding block 213 is fixedly connected with the sliding block support shaft 214. The roller end plate 211 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 213. The roller end plate 211 is attached to the regulating sliding rail 212 without being connected. The second spring 215 is fixedly connected with the sliding block support shaft 214.

[0091] In this embodiment, five tracks are arranged inside the first particle container 22. The outermost two tracks are arranged with the first spring 23, and each of the middle tracks is arranged with two first particles 24. The width of the three middle tracks in the first particle container 22 is ensured to be able to only arrange one first particle 24. The number of first particles 24 arranged in the length direction of the track makes the regulating structure 21 move to the last stage of the first particle container 22 when the first particles 24 are impacted.

[0092] In this embodiment, the second particle container 45 is provided with 3 layers, and each layer is provided with five tracks inside the second particle container 45, and each track is provided with one second particle 46. The width of the track inside the second particle container 45 ensures that only one second particle 46 can be placed along the track in the transverse direction. The number of second particles 46 placed in the length direction of the track enables the transmission slide plate 47 to move back and forth in a large range when the second particle 46 is impacted greatly. The crank rocker 44 moves back and forth with the transmission slide plate 47 to realize the circular motion.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first spring 23 is in a natural elongation state, and the second spring 215 is in a compressed state. The first spring 23 is elongated along the track of the first particle container 22 under the impact of the first particle 24 and always maintains elastic deformation. When the second spring 215 is naturally elongated, the roller end plate 211 can move to the last stage of the first particle container 22.

[0094] In this embodiment, the filling volume of the third particle 53 in the third particle container 52 accounts for 25% of the third particle container 52. The first particle 24 and the second particle 46 are ceramic balls, and the third particle 53 is a steel ball. The material of the buffer material 54 is foamed plastic.

[0095] In this embodiment, the transmission line 33 is connected to the bottom of the level adjusting slide rail 212 in the level adjusting structure 21. The lower part of the first particle container 22 is provided with a channel to ensure that the level adjusting slide rail 212 can pull the transmission line 33 at different positions. The transmission line 33 is connected to the upper variable level shell 321 in the transmission 32.

[0096] In this embodiment, the tension spring 325 is arranged between the lower variable level shell 322 and the upper variable level shell 321. The traction piece 324 can pull the lower variable level shell 322 to move to a position.

[0097] In this embodiment, the distance of the position change of the lower variable level shell 322 in the transmission 32 is the distance between the gears in the transmission gear set 31 after the particle level adjusting unit completes a variable level each time, so that the variable level gear 326 can be kept in the same plane with the gears in the transmission gear set 31 after each variable level.

[0098] In this embodiment, the number of variable levels of the first particle container 22 is 3, and the number of gears in the transmission gear set is 4.

[0099] The above description of the embodiments is for the convenience of the ordinary skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage adjustable particle damper, integrally mounted on a main structure, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a particle leveling unit (2) located on the top of the housing (1), and a gear transmission unit (3), a particle transmission unit (4), and a particle energy consumption unit (5) installed inside the housing (1). The gear transmission unit (3) includes a gear set (31), a transmission (32) and a transmission cable (33). The gear set (31) is connected to the transmission (32) via a chain (6), and the transmission cable (33) is mounted on the transmission (32). The particle leveling unit (2) includes a first particle container (22) and a leveling mechanism (21) that moves horizontally within the first particle container (22). It also includes a first spring (23) and a first particle (24). The leveling mechanism (21) is connected to the gearbox (32) via a speed change cable (33). The first particle container (22) is provided with a multi-stage step change. The first particle container (22) is provided with a track for the first spring (23) to stretch and for the first particle (24) to move. One end of the first spring (23) is fixed, and the other end is connected to the leveling mechanism (21). 1) The gear set (31) consists of multiple gears with increasing diameters. The gears are coaxially mounted and fixedly connected. The number of gears in the gear set (31) is one more than the number of stages at the step change point of the first particle container (22). The first particle (24) can move in the track to push the adjustment mechanism (21) to move to the next step change point of the first particle container (22) until the last step change point. The speed change line (33) drives the chain (6) to transfer from the gear with the largest diameter to the next gear with a smaller diameter until the gear with the smallest diameter. The particle transmission unit (4) is connected to the gear set (31) via a chain (6); the particle transmission unit (4) includes a second particle container (45) for vibration damping, a second particle (46), a transmission slide plate (47), and a third spring (48); the second particle container (45) is provided with a track for the movement of the second particle (46) and the extension and retraction of the third spring (48); one end of the third spring (48) is fixed, and the other end is connected to the transmission slide plate (47), and the transmission slide plate (47) can reciprocate under the impact of the second particle (46) and the stretching of the third spring (48); The housing (1) is equipped with a long rod (7) mounted above the particle transmission unit (4). The particle energy dissipation unit (5) is mounted on the long rod (7) via bearings. The speed-changing gear set (31) is coaxially mounted on the long rod (7). The particle energy dissipation unit (5) includes a horizontally arranged protruding edge rotating shaft (51), a third particle container (52), and a third particle (53). The protruding edge rotating shaft (51) is coaxially mounted on the long rod (7). The protruding edge rotating shaft (51) is fixedly connected to the speed-changing gear set (31). The third particle container (52) is sleeved on the protruding edge rotating shaft (51). The third particle (53) can impact and dampen vibrations inside the third particle container (52).

2. The multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism (21) includes a roller end plate (211), an adjusting slide rail (212), a slider (213), a slider support shaft (214), and a second spring (215). One end of the second spring (215) is fixedly installed inside the adjusting slide rail (212), and the other end is connected in sequence to the slider support shaft (214), the slider (213) and the roller end plate (211). The bottom of the adjustment slide rail (212) is connected to the speed change line (33); The lower end of the first particle container (22) has a hole so that the speed adjustment slide rail (212) can pull the speed change line (33) at different positions.

3. The multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission (32) includes an upper transmission housing (321), a lower transmission housing (322), a limiting shaft screw (323), a traction plate (324), a tension spring (325), a transmission gear (326), a guide gear (327), and a fixing rod (328). A tension spring (325) is provided between the upper variable stage housing (321) and the lower variable stage housing (322), and the shift cable (33) passes through the interior of the upper variable stage housing (321) and is connected to the tension spring (325). The upper variable stage housing (321) and the lower variable stage housing (322) are connected by a limiting shaft screw (323) and a traction plate (324), and the traction plate (324) is movably connected to the upper variable stage housing (321). The variable gear (326) and guide gear (327) are mounted on the lower variable housing (322), and the variable gear set (31), variable gear (326) and guide gear (327) are connected in sequence by a chain (6); The transmission (32) is mounted inside the housing (1) via a fixing rod (328).

4. The multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle transmission unit (4) also includes an amplifying gear (41), a gear support (42), a speed-changing disc (43), and a crank rocker (44) for transmission. The amplifying gear (41) is mounted on the gear support (42). The amplifying gear (41) is connected to the crank rocker (44) through the speed change disc (43). The amplifying gear (41) is connected to the speed change gear set (31) and the gearbox (32) through the chain (6). The crank rocker arm (44) is connected to the transmission slide plate (47), and the crank rocker arm (44) can achieve circular motion with the reciprocating motion of the transmission slide plate (47).

5. The multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the third particle container (52) is covered with a layer of cushioning material (54); the cushioning material (54) includes one or more of rubber or foam plastic.

6. The multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling volume ratio of the third particle (53) in the third particle container (52) is 25%~40%.

7. A multi-stage adjustable particle damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first particle (24), the second particle (46) and the third particle (53) include one or more of ceramic balls, steel balls and tungsten carbide balls.

8. The application of a multi-stage adjustable particle damper as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the field of vibration control of civil and mechanical structures.

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