A light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device for oil-water separation

Abstract

The application discloses a light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device for oil and emulsion separation and relates to the technical field of chemical production. The device comprises a support, a buffer tank, a light hydrocarbon receiving tank, a buffer assembly, a control assembly, a primary liquid separation assembly, an emulsion layer separation assembly and a secondary liquid separation assembly. The buffer assembly can prevent the liquid entering the buffer tank from impacting, reduce the generation of emulsions, reduce the standing time, and clean the inside of the device after the emulsion layer separation assembly separates. The secondary liquid separation assembly can recover the material of the emulsion layer again, improve the recovery efficiency of the device, and has high automation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of chemical production, in particular to a light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device for oil emulsion separation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Stable light hydrocarbon is an oil product mainly composed of pentane and heavier hydrocarbons, which is a raw material for petroleum chemical industry and has an important industrial position. In the production of stable light hydrocarbon, some uncontrollable conditions such as limited raw material gas composition, technical defects of production device, and human operation errors may produce viscous emulsion impurities. These impurities may mix with part of stable light hydrocarbon to enter the stable light hydrocarbon storage tank through the pipeline, and long-term accumulation may cause deposition in the storage tank, resulting in blockage of the loading system and safety risks.

[0003] The existing technical solution has the following disadvantages: the inside of the chemical device cannot be cleaned by the staff, and in the auxiliary separation device, the liquid is directly poured into the separation device from a high place, which causes more emulsion, longer static time, and the presence of water and oil layers in the discharged emulsion layer, which cannot accurately determine whether the separation is complete. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device capable of automatically and quickly separating stable light hydrocarbon, sewage and emulsion in the mixture.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is a light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device for oil emulsion separation, comprising a support, a buffer tank, a light hydrocarbon receiving tank, a buffer assembly, a control assembly, a primary liquid separation assembly, an emulsion layer separation assembly and a secondary liquid separation assembly. The buffer tank, light hydrocarbon receiving tank, control assembly, primary liquid separation assembly are all arranged on the support. The buffer assembly is located at the top end and arranged inside the buffer tank. The control assembly is arranged below the buffer assembly. The primary liquid separation assembly is arranged below the control assembly. The primary liquid separation assembly and the emulsion layer separation assembly are both arranged inside the light hydrocarbon receiving tank.

[0006] Further, the buffer assembly comprises a single item conveying mechanism and a detection assembly. The single item conveying mechanism is used to slow down the impact speed of the mixed liquid entering the buffer tank. The detection assembly is arranged on the single item conveying mechanism and is used to detect the discharge condition of each component.

[0007] Further, the single delivery mechanism comprises a first motor, a pressing column, a threaded rod, a piston, a support column, a first rack, a first gear, a water seal plate, a support frame, the first motor is fixedly installed above the buffer tank, the threaded rod is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor, two pressing columns are symmetrically fixed on both ends of the threaded rod, the lower pressing column is rotatably installed on the support frame, the support frame is fixed on the bottom of the buffer tank, three support columns are uniformly fixed in the buffer tank, the support columns are uniformly distributed around the threaded rod, the piston is slidably installed on the support column, the piston is threadedly connected with the threaded rod, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the piston for liquid flow, the first rack and the water seal plate are slidably installed on the piston, the first rack and the water seal plate are provided with teeth, the teeth of the first rack and the water seal plate are engaged with the first gear rotatably installed on the piston, and the water seal plate can block the through holes on the piston to block the liquid.

[0008] Further, the detection assembly comprises a light receiver, a kerosene box and a multi-directional laser, the kerosene box is sleeved on one of the kerosene boxes in the buffer assembly, the multi-directional laser is fixedly installed on the piston, and the light receiver is fixedly installed in the buffer tank.

[0009] Further, the control assembly comprises an opening and closing mechanism and a valve mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a second motor, a cylindrical shaft, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a limiting block, a first tooth ring and a second tooth ring, the second motor is fixedly installed on the support frame, the cylindrical shaft is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor, the cylindrical shaft and the fourth gear are rotatably installed on the buffer tank, the second gear and the third gear are fixed on the cylindrical shaft, the second gear is engaged with the fourth gear, the limiting block is fixed on the support frame, the first tooth ring and the second tooth ring are rotatably installed on the limiting block, the first tooth ring and the second tooth ring are internally provided with incomplete teeth, the first tooth ring is engaged with the fourth gear, and the second tooth ring is engaged with the third gear.

[0010] Further, the valve mechanism comprises an upper sealing cover, a lower sealing cover and a fifth gear, the valve mechanism is arranged between the buffer assembly and the primary liquid distribution assembly, the upper sealing cover is fixed at the outlet of the buffer assembly, the fifth gear is fixed at the inlet of the primary liquid distribution assembly, the lower sealing cover is rotatably installed between the upper sealing cover and the fifth gear, the lower sealing cover is engaged with the incomplete teeth in the first tooth ring and the second tooth ring, the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover are provided with baffles, and the position of the lower sealing cover can control whether the liquid passes through the valve assembly.

[0011] Further, the primary separation assembly comprises a water pipe, an emulsion pipe, an oil pipe and a storage tank, three of the storage tanks are evenly distributed around the light hydrocarbon receiving tank, the outlet ends of the water pipe and the oil pipe are arranged on the storage tank, the outlet end of the emulsion pipe is arranged on the feed ring pipe, the water pipe passes through a water layer, the emulsion pipe passes through an emulsion layer liquid, and the oil pipe passes through an oil layer.

[0012] Further, the emulsion layer separation assembly comprises a centrifugal mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a third motor, a double-threaded rod, a second gear, a third gear, a pawl, a rotating block, a cross partition, a centrifugal cylinder, and a feed ring pipe, the third motor is fixedly installed on a support, a double-threaded rod is fixed on the output shaft of the third motor, the feed ring pipe is fixed in the light hydrocarbon receiving tank, the centrifugal cylinder is rotatably installed on the feed ring pipe, the feed ring pipe is fixed on the emulsion pipe, a liquid inlet is arranged on the centrifugal cylinder, a ratchet is fixed on the double-threaded rod, an outer shell and a rotating block are rotatably installed on the double-threaded rod, the outer shell and the rotating block are fixedly installed, a pawl is rotatably installed in the outer shell, the centrifugal cylinder is connected to the rotating block by means of a spline, the side surface of the centrifugal cylinder is partially provided with a sieve hole, the cross partition is fixedly installed in the centrifugal cylinder, and a filter membrane is arranged on the inner surface of the centrifugal cylinder, the overall device is driven by the motor to separate the liquid in the device.

[0013] Further, the cleaning mechanism comprises a scraper, a guide block, a sliding ring, a connecting rod, a closure plate and a spring, the scraper is slidably installed on the cross partition, the guide block is rotatably installed on the scraper, the guide block can slide in the thread of the double-threaded rod, the sliding ring is slidably installed in the groove of the cross partition, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably installed on the sliding ring, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably installed on the closure plate, the spring is arranged below the sliding ring, the other end of the spring is fixed on the cross partition, four groups of the connecting rod, the closure plate and the spring are evenly distributed on the sliding ring, and the closure plate is rotatably installed at the bottom of the centrifugal cylinder.

[0014] Further, the secondary separation assembly comprises a flow guide ring plate, a separation plate, an emulsion receiving tank and a sewage receiving tank, the flow guide ring plate is fixed on the feed ring pipe, the flow guide ring plate can guide the separated liquid onto the separation plate, the separation plate is rotatably installed below the sieve hole part of the centrifugal cylinder, a barrier layer is arranged in the middle of the separation plate, the emulsion receiving tank is fixed on the sewage receiving tank, and the sewage receiving tank is fixed on the separation plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: (1) the present application is provided with a pressing column, a threaded rod, a piston, a supporting column, a first rack, a first gear, a water seal plate and a supporting frame, the threaded rod is driven by a motor to change the fitting state of the water seal plate and the piston when the piston is raised or lowered, so that the liquid entering the buffer tank does not produce impact, the time for the liquid to stand is reduced, and the efficiency of separating the liquid is improved.

[0016] (2) the present application is provided with a light receiver, a kerosene box and a multi-directional laser, the density difference between the emulsion layer and the water layer is utilized to separate the sewage, the opening and closing state of the valve mechanism is controlled by utilizing the characteristic that the emulsion layer can reflect light in the oil layer and the emulsion layer, so that the automation characteristic of the device is realized, and the separation effect of the device is improved.

[0017] (3) the present application is provided with an emulsion layer separation assembly and a secondary liquid separation assembly, the self-cleaning function of the device can be realized, and the oil and sewage mixture flowing out of the emulsion layer separation assembly can be separated by the secondary liquid separation assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is an external structure schematic view of the oil and emulsion separation light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device.

[0019] Figure 2 is a single conveying mechanism structure schematic view of the buffer tank.

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a cross-sectional schematic view.

[0021] Figure 4 is a control assembly structure schematic view.

[0022] Figure 5 is a meshing structure schematic view of the second gear ring.

[0023] Figure 6 is a meshing structure schematic view of the first gear ring.

[0024] Figure 7 is a valve mechanism structure schematic view.

[0025] Figure 8 is a liquid separation assembly structure schematic view.

[0026] Figure 9 is an emulsion layer separation assembly structure schematic view.

[0027] Figure 10 is a centrifugal mechanism part structure schematic view.

[0028] Figure 11 is Figure 10 a schematic view of another perspective of .

[0029] Figure 12 is a schematic view of the cleaning mechanism structure.

[0030] Figure 13 is a schematic view of the secondary separation assembly structure.

[0031] Reference signs: 1- support; 2- buffer tank; 3- light hydrocarbon receiving tank; 101- first motor; 102- pressing column; 103- threaded rod; 104- piston; 105- support column; 106- light receiver; 107- first rack; 108- first gear; 109- water seal plate; 110- kerosene box; 111- multi-directional laser; 112- support frame; 201- second motor; 202- cylindrical shaft; 203- second gear; 204- third gear; 205- fourth gear; 206- limiting block; 207- first gear ring; 208- second gear ring; 301- upper sealing cover; 302- lower sealing cover; 303- fifth gear; 401- water pipe; 402- emulsion pipe; 403- oil pipe; 404- storage tank; 501- third motor; 502- double-threaded rod; 503- ratchet wheel; 504- housing; 505- pawl; 506- rotating block; 507- scraper; 508- guide block; 509- cross partition; 510- sliding ring; 511- connecting rod; 512- closing plate; 513- centrifugal cylinder; 514- feed ring pipe; 515- spring; 601- flow guide ring plate; 602- separation plate; 603- emulsion receiving tank; 604- sewage receiving tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and through specific embodiments.

[0033] Wherein, the drawings are only used for exemplary illustration, the representation is only a schematic view, not a physical drawing, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present application, some components of the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings can be omitted.

[0034] Embodiment: as Figures 1-13As shown, a light hydrocarbon purification and recovery device for oil-water separation includes a support 1, a buffer tank 2, a light hydrocarbon receiving tank 3, a buffer assembly, a control assembly, a primary separation assembly, an emulsion layer separation assembly, and a secondary separation assembly. The buffer tank 2, the light hydrocarbon receiving tank 3, the control assembly, the primary separation assembly, and the emulsion layer separation assembly are all arranged on the support 1. The buffer assembly is located at the top end and is arranged inside the buffer tank 2. The control assembly is arranged below the buffer assembly. The primary separation assembly is arranged below the control assembly. The primary separation assembly and the emulsion layer separation assembly are both arranged inside the light hydrocarbon receiving tank 3. The buffer assembly includes a single conveying mechanism and a detection assembly. The single conveying mechanism is used to slow down the impact speed of the mixed liquid entering the buffer tank 2. The detection assembly is arranged on the single conveying mechanism and is used to detect the discharge of each component.

[0035] As shown, Figures 2-3 The first motor 101 is fixedly installed above the buffer tank 2. The threaded rod 103 is fixed on the output shaft of the first motor 101. Two pressing columns 102 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the threaded rod 103. The lower pressing column 102 is rotatably installed on the support frame 112, which is fixed to the bottom of the buffer tank 2. Three support columns 105 are uniformly fixed inside the buffer tank 2 and surround the threaded rod 103. The piston 104 is slidably installed on the support column 105 and is threadedly connected with the threaded rod 103. The piston 104 is provided with a plurality of through holes for liquid flow. The first rack 107 and the water seal plate 109 are slidably installed on the piston 104. The first rack 107 and the water seal plate 109 are both provided with teeth. The teeth of the first rack 107 and the water seal plate 109 are both engaged with the first gear 108 rotatably installed on the piston 104. The water seal plate 109 can block the through holes on the piston 104 to prevent liquid from passing through.

[0036] The detection assembly includes a light receiver 106, a kerosene box 110, and a multi-directional laser 111. The kerosene box 110 is sleeved on one of the support columns 105 in the buffer assembly. The multi-directional laser 111 is fixedly installed on the piston 104. The light receiver 106 is fixedly installed inside the buffer tank 2. The intersection of the area irradiated by the multi-directional laser 111 and the inner surface of the buffer tank 2 is the installation position of the light receiver 106.

[0037] As shown, Figures 4-6As shown, the control assembly includes an on-off mechanism and a valve mechanism, the on-off mechanism includes a second motor 201, a cylindrical shaft 202, a second gear 203, a third gear 204, a fourth gear 205, a limiting block 206, a first gear ring 207, and a second gear ring 208, the second motor 201 is fixedly installed on the support 1, the output shaft of the second motor 201 is fixedly installed with the cylindrical shaft 202, the cylindrical shaft 202 and the fourth gear 205 are both rotatably installed on the buffer tank 2, the cylindrical shaft 202 is fixedly installed with the second gear 203 and the third gear 204, the second gear 203 is engaged with the fourth gear 205, the limiting block 206 is fixedly installed on the support 1, the first gear ring 207 and the second gear ring 208 are rotatably installed on the limiting block 206, the first gear ring 207 and the second gear ring 208 are both internally distributed with incomplete teeth, the first gear ring 207 is engaged with the fourth gear 205, and the second gear ring 208 is engaged with the third gear 204.

[0038] As shown in Figure 7 The valve mechanism includes an upper sealing cover 301, a lower sealing cover 302, and a fifth gear 303, the valve mechanism is arranged between the buffer assembly and the primary liquid distribution assembly, the upper sealing cover 301 is fixedly installed at the outlet of the buffer assembly, the fifth gear 303 is fixedly installed at the inlet of the primary liquid distribution assembly, the lower sealing cover 302 is rotatably installed between the upper sealing cover 301 and the fifth gear 303, the lower sealing cover 302 is engaged with the internal incomplete teeth of the first gear ring 207 and the second gear ring 208, the upper sealing cover 301 and the lower sealing cover 302 are both provided with baffles, and the position of the lower sealing cover 302 can control whether the liquid passes through the valve assembly.

[0039] As shown in Figure 8 The primary liquid distribution assembly includes a water pipe 401, an emulsion pipe 402, an oil pipe 403, and a storage tank 404, the storage tank 404 is evenly distributed with three around the light hydrocarbon receiving tank 3, the outlet end of the water pipe 401 and the oil pipe 403 is arranged on the storage tank 404, the outlet end of the emulsion pipe 402 is arranged on the feed ring pipe 514, the water layer passes through the water pipe 401, the emulsion layer liquid passes through the emulsion pipe 402, and the oil layer passes through the oil pipe 403.

[0040] As shown in Figures 9-12As shown, the emulsion layer separation assembly includes a centrifugal mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The centrifugal mechanism includes a third motor 501, a double-threaded rod 502, a second gear 203, a third gear 204, a ratchet pawl 505, a rotating block 506, a cross partition 509, a centrifugal cylinder 513, and a feed ring tube 514. The third motor 501 is fixedly installed on the support 1. A double-threaded rod 502 is fixed on the output shaft of the third motor 501. The feed ring tube 514 is fixed in the light hydrocarbon receiving tank 3. The centrifugal cylinder 513 is rotatably installed on the feed ring tube 514. The feed ring tube 514 is fixed on the emulsion pipe 402. A liquid inlet is formed in the centrifugal cylinder 513. A ratchet 503 is fixed on the double-threaded rod 502. An outer shell 504 and a rotating block 506 are rotatably installed on the double-threaded rod 502. The outer shell 504 and the rotating block 506 are fixedly installed. The ratchet pawl 505 is rotatably installed in the outer shell 504. The centrifugal cylinder 513 is connected to the rotating block 506 by means of a spline. The centrifugal cylinder 513 is partially provided with a sieve hole on the side surface. The cross partition 509 is fixedly installed in the centrifugal cylinder 513. A filter membrane is laid on the inner surface of the centrifugal cylinder 513. The overall device is driven by the motor to separate the liquid in the device.

[0041] The cleaning mechanism includes a scraper 507, a guide block 508, a sliding ring 510, a connecting rod 511, a closing plate 512, and a spring 515. The scraper 507 is slidably installed on the cross partition 509. The scraper 507 is rotatably installed with the guide block 508. The guide block 508 can slide in the thread of the double-threaded rod 502. The sliding ring 510 is slidably installed in the groove of the cross partition 509. One end of the connecting rod 511 is rotatably installed on the sliding ring 510. The other end of the connecting rod 511 is rotatably installed on the closing plate 512. The spring 515 is arranged below the sliding ring 510. The other end of the spring 515 is fixed on the cross partition 509. Four groups of the connecting rod 511, the closing plate 512, and the spring 515 are uniformly distributed on the sliding ring 510. The closing plate 512 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the centrifugal cylinder 513.

[0042] As shown in Figure 13 The secondary liquid separation assembly includes a flow ring plate 601, a liquid separation plate 602, an emulsion receiving tank 603, and a sewage receiving tank 604. The flow ring plate 601 is fixed on the feed ring tube 514. The flow ring plate 601 can guide the separated liquid onto the liquid separation plate 602. The liquid separation plate 602 is rotatably installed below the sieve hole part of the centrifugal cylinder 513. A barrier layer is arranged in the middle of the liquid separation plate 602. The emulsion receiving tank 603 is fixed on the sewage receiving tank 604. The sewage receiving tank 604 is fixed on the liquid separation plate 602.

[0043] The working principle of the present application is as follows: when in use, the position of the piston 104 is at the highest position, the water seal plate 109 is in close contact with the piston 104, the mixed liquid is introduced into the inlet of the buffer tank 2, the first motor 101 is started and rotated in the forward direction, the threaded rod 103 is rotated, the threaded rod 103 drives the piston 104 to slide downward on the support column 105, at this time, the water seal plate 109 and the piston 104 are in close contact, the liquid is slowly injected into the device from above, until the first rack 107 abuts against the pressing column 102 below, so that the first rack 107 slides relatively in the piston 104, the first gear 108 is rotated, and finally the water seal plate 109 is gradually separated from the piston 104, after reversing the motor, the piston 104 starts to rise, the mixed liquid above the piston 104 flows to the position below the piston 104 through the through hole of the piston 104, through the above steps, the standing time of the liquid in the device can be reduced, and when the piston 104 is lowered again, the liquid below the piston 104 can be discharged into the next step.

[0044] The kerosene box 110 contains kerosene, the density of which is between that of the emulsion and the sewage, so the position of the kerosene box 110 is between the emulsion layer and the sewage layer, the position sensor is arranged on the kerosene box 110, when the kerosene box 110 reaches the bottom of the buffer tank 2, the second motor 201 is started to close the corresponding valve mechanism, and because the emulsion layer can only reflect light, so the light scattered by the multi-directional laser 111 is reflected after passing through the emulsion layer, the light receiver 106 can receive the light signal, so as to open the emulsion layer sewage discharge valve to discharge, until the light receiver 106 cannot receive the light signal for a long time, then the corresponding valve is closed, so as to achieve the preliminary separation effect.

[0045] When the second motor 201 is driven to rotate forward, the second gear 203 and the third gear 204 are rotated through the cylindrical shaft 202, the second gear 203 rotates the fourth gear 205, and finally the third gear 204 rotates the second gear ring 208, and the fourth gear 205 rotates the first gear ring 207, so that the rotating directions of the first gear ring 207 and the second gear ring 208 are always opposite, at this time the first gear ring 207 controls the valve to close, and the second gear ring 208 controls the valve to open, part of the inner teeth of the first gear ring 207 and the second gear ring 208 are engaged with the lower sealing cover 302, but they will not act on the same lower sealing cover 302 at the same time, and the lower sealing cover 302 can control whether the liquid can flow out of the fifth gear 303 after rotating a certain angle on the upper sealing cover 301, driving the second motor 201 will make the three lower sealing covers 302 in the state of opening first and closing later, and only when one valve mechanism is closed, another valve will be opened, and the starting signal of the second motor 201 is derived from the position signal of the kerosene box 110 and whether the light receiver 106 can receive the light signal, when the piston 104 descends once for liquid discharge once, when the second motor 201 is driven to open and close the valve mechanism for the second time of liquid discharge, at this time the first gear ring 207 controls the valve to open, and the second gear ring 208 controls the valve to close.

[0046] The sewage is transported to a storage tank 404 through the water pipe 401, the oil layer is transported to another storage tank 404 through the oil pipe 403, and the emulsion layer liquid is transported to the feed ring pipe 514 through the emulsion pipe 402. The cross partition plate 509 fixed in the centrifugal cylinder 513 divides the inside of the centrifugal cylinder 513 into four chambers, the feed ring pipe 514 can disperse the emulsion layer liquid to the inside of the centrifugal cylinder 513, the third motor 501 is started to rotate forward to drive the double-threaded rod 502 to rotate, the double-threaded rod 502 drives the ratchet wheel 503 to rotate, the ratchet wheel 503 drives the outer shell 504 to rotate through the ratchet pawl 505, the outer shell 504 drives the rotating block 506 to rotate, and finally drives the centrifugal cylinder 513 to rotate on the feed ring pipe 514, wherein the centrifugal cylinder 513 is internally provided with a filter membrane, after centrifugal separation, the oil and the sewage flow from the empty space of the centrifugal cylinder 513 to the space formed by the centrifugal cylinder 513 and the flow guide ring plate 601, and finally flow to the surface of the separation plate 602, the filter membrane is laid on the sieve hole of the separation plate 602, so that when the oil-water mixture passes through the sieve hole, the water flows to the sewage receiving tank 604 and the emulsion receiving tank 603, the outlet connecting pipe arranged at the bottom end of the emulsion receiving tank 603 makes the sewage flow to the corresponding storage tank 404, and the liquid oil flows to the other side of the separation layer after passing through the separation layer on the separation plate 602. The pipeline is arranged outside the separation plate 602 to flow to the corresponding storage tank 404.

[0047] When the emulsified material in the centrifugal cylinder 513 is cleaned, the third motor 501 is driven to reverse, at this time the third motor 501 only rotates the double-threaded rod 502, so that the guide block 508 slides on the bidirectional thread on the double-threaded rod 502, the guide block 508 drives the scraper 507 to slide on the rotating block 506, thereby scraping the emulsified impurities on the cross partition plate 509 and the centrifugal cylinder 513, finally the scraper 507 drives the sliding ring 510 to slide downward on the sliding groove on the cross partition plate 509 after contacting the sliding ring 510, and compresses the feeding ring pipe 514, drives the connecting rod 511 to descend, so that the closing plate 512 rotates on the centrifugal cylinder 513, opens the opening below the centrifugal cylinder 513, the emulsified impurities flows from below the centrifugal cylinder 513 to the emulsion receiving tank 603, and flows to the corresponding storage tank 404 through the pipeline outside the emulsion receiving tank 603, the double-threaded rod 502 continues to rotate and finally can reset other parts. The present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes without creative labor based on the above concept, which all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A light hydrocarbon purification and recovery apparatus for oil-water separation, characterized by: The device comprises a support (1), a buffer tank (2), a light hydrocarbon receiving tank (3), a buffer assembly, a control assembly, a primary liquid separation assembly, an emulsion layer separation assembly, and a secondary liquid separation assembly. The buffer tank (2), the light hydrocarbon receiving tank (3), the control assembly, the primary liquid separation assembly, and the emulsion layer separation assembly are all arranged on the support (1). The buffer assembly is located at the top end and is arranged inside the buffer tank (2). The control assembly is arranged below the buffer assembly. The primary liquid separation assembly is arranged below the control assembly. The primary liquid separation assembly and the emulsion layer separation assembly are both arranged inside the light hydrocarbon receiving tank (3). The buffer assembly comprises a single-item conveying mechanism and a detection assembly. The single-item conveying mechanism is used to slow down the impact speed of the mixed liquid entering the buffer tank (2). The detection assembly is arranged on the single-item conveying mechanism and is used to detect the discharge condition of each component. The single-item conveying mechanism comprises pressing columns (102), threaded rods (103), pistons (104), support columns (105), first racks (107), first gears (108), water seal plates (109), and support frames (112). The threaded rods (103) are symmetrically provided with two pressing columns (102) at both ends. The pressing column (102) at the lower end is provided with a support frame (112) at the bottom. The support frame (112) is fixed to the bottom of the buffer tank (2). Three support columns (105) are uniformly fixed inside the buffer tank (2). The support columns (105) are uniformly distributed around the threaded rods (103). The support columns (105) are provided with pistons (104). The pistons (104) are threadedly connected with the threaded rods (103). The pistons (104) are provided with a plurality of through holes for liquid flow. The first racks (107) and the water seal plates (109) are slidingly installed on the pistons (104). The first racks (107) and the water seal plates (109) are both provided with teeth. The teeth of the first racks (107) and the water seal plates (109) are all engaged with a first gear (108) that is rotatably installed on the piston (104). The water seal plates (109) can block the through holes on the pistons (104) to prevent liquid from passing through.

2. A hydrocarbon purification and recovery unit for separating oil from water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly comprises light receivers (106), kerosene boxes (110), and multi-directional lasers (111). The kerosene boxes (110) are sleeved on one of the support columns (105) in the buffer assembly. The multi-directional lasers (111) are fixedly installed on the pistons (104). The light receivers (106) are arranged inside the buffer tank (2). The intersection between the area irradiated by the multi-directional lasers (111) and the inner surface of the buffer tank (2) is the installation position of the light receivers (106).

3. The apparatus for purification and recovery of light hydrocarbons separated from oil emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly includes an opening and closing mechanism and a valve mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism includes a cylindrical shaft (202), a second gear (203), a third gear (204), a fourth gear (205), a limiting block (206), a first gear ring (207), a second gear ring (208), the cylindrical shaft (202) and the fourth gear (205) are both rotatably installed on the buffer tank (2), the cylindrical shaft (202) is fixed with the second gear (203) and the third gear (204), the second gear (203) is engaged with the fourth gear (205), the limiting block (206) is fixed on the support (1), the first gear ring (207) and the second gear ring (208) are rotatably installed on the limiting block (206), the first gear ring (207) and the second gear ring (208) are internally distributed with incomplete teeth, the first gear ring (207) is engaged with the fourth gear (205), and the second gear ring (208) is engaged with the third gear (204).

4. A hydrocarbon purification and recovery unit for separating oil from water according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve mechanism includes an upper sealing cover (301), a lower sealing cover (302) and a fifth gear (303), the valve mechanism is arranged between the buffer assembly and the primary liquid distribution assembly, the upper sealing cover (301) is fixed at the outlet of the buffer assembly, the fifth gear (303) is fixed at the inlet of the primary liquid distribution assembly, the lower sealing cover (302) is arranged between the upper sealing cover (301) and the fifth gear (303), the lower sealing cover (302) is engaged with the internal incomplete teeth of the first gear ring (207) and the second gear ring (208), the upper sealing cover (301) and the lower sealing cover (302) are both provided with baffles, and the position of the lower sealing cover (302) is rotated to control whether the liquid passes through the valve assembly.

5. The apparatus for purification and recovery of light hydrocarbons separated from oil emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary liquid distribution assembly includes a water pipe (401), an emulsion pipe (402), an oil pipe (403) and a storage tank (404), the storage tank (404) is evenly distributed around the light hydrocarbon receiving tank (3), the outlet ends of the water pipe (401) and the oil pipe (403) are arranged on the storage tank (404), and the outlet end of the emulsion pipe (402) is arranged on the feed ring pipe (514).

6. The hydrocarbon purification and recovery apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The emulsion layer separation assembly comprises a centrifugal mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a double-threaded rod (502), a second gear (203), a third gear (204), a ratchet pawl (505), a rotating block (506), a cross partition (509), a centrifugal cylinder (513), a feed ring (514) fixed in a light hydrocarbon receiving tank (3), the feed ring (514) is arranged on an emulsion pipe (402), the feed ring (514) is rotatably provided with the centrifugal cylinder (513), the centrifugal cylinder (513) is provided with a liquid inlet, the double-threaded rod (502) is fixed with a ratchet wheel (503), the double-threaded rod (502) is rotatably provided with a shell (504) and the rotating block (506), the shell (504) and the rotating block (506) are fixedly installed, the shell (504) is rotatably provided with the ratchet pawl (505), the rotating block (506) is spline-connected with the centrifugal cylinder (513), the centrifugal cylinder (513) is partially provided with a sieve hole in the side surface, the cross partition (509) is fixedly installed in the centrifugal cylinder (513), and the inner surface of the centrifugal cylinder (513) is paved with a filter membrane.

7. A hydrocarbon purification and recovery unit for separating oil from water according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises a scraper (507), a guide block (508), a sliding ring (510), a connecting rod (511), a closing plate (512) and a spring (515), the scraper (507) is slidably installed on the cross partition (509), the scraper (507) is rotatably provided with the guide block (508), the guide block (508) can slide in the thread of the double-threaded rod (502), the sliding ring (510) is slidably installed in the groove of the cross partition (509), one end of the connecting rod (511) is arranged on the sliding ring (510), and the other end of the connecting rod (511) is arranged on the closing plate (512), the spring (515) is arranged below the sliding ring (510), the other end of the spring (515) is fixed on the cross partition (509), four groups of the connecting rod (511) and the closing plate (512) are uniformly distributed on the sliding ring (510), and the closing plate (512) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the centrifugal cylinder (513).

8. The hydrocarbon purification and recovery apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The secondary liquid separation assembly comprises a flow guide ring plate (601), a liquid separation plate (602), a milk receiving tank (603) and a sewage receiving tank (604), the flow guide ring plate (601) is arranged on the feed ring (514), the flow guide ring plate (601) can guide the separated liquid to the liquid separation plate (602), the liquid separation plate (602) is rotatably installed below the sieve hole part of the centrifugal cylinder (513), the middle of the liquid separation plate (602) is provided with a barrier layer, the milk receiving tank (603) is fixed on the sewage receiving tank (604), and the sewage receiving tank (604) is fixed on the liquid separation plate (602).

Images