Mechanical testing device applied to quaternary stratum engineering investigation and use method thereof
By using in-hole testing equipment integrated with the drill pipe in Quaternary strata exploration, combined with automatic data collection and timed reminders from external equipment, the problems of existing exploration equipment being limited by site conditions, limited depth, high labor intensity, and large data errors have been solved, achieving efficient and accurate exploration data acquisition.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHANGJIANG GEOTECHNICAL ENG CORP
- Filing Date
- 2023-08-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
Smart Images
Figure CN117211774B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering drilling testing technology, and more specifically to a mechanical testing device applied to Quaternary strata engineering exploration. The invention also relates to a method of using this mechanical testing device applied to Quaternary strata engineering exploration. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, in the field of engineering geological exploration, in-situ mechanical testing of Quaternary strata through boreholes mainly includes: standard penetration test, dynamic penetration test, static cone penetration test, and pressure meter test.
[0003] Static cone penetration testing requires a reaction force, and medium-sized trucks are generally used as the base and transport vehicle. It is greatly affected by site conditions and has a limited depth. When the test depth exceeds 30m, problems such as probe breakage or insufficient reaction force are likely to occur.
[0004] The pressure-meter test requires specialized equipment and professional testing personnel. It has high requirements for the integrity of the borehole wall and requires a special cable to be run in during the test.
[0005] Standard penetration test (SPT) and dynamic penetration test (DPPT) are commonly used formation testing methods in drilling operations. The SPT device (or dynamic probe) needs to be connected to the drill pipe and lowered to the bottom of the borehole. A SPT hammer is then used on the surface to strike the borehole, and the number of SPT blows at a depth of 30cm (or 10cm) is measured. The main disadvantages of this testing method are: 1) It requires lowering the test device and drill pipe to the bottom of the borehole for testing, and then raising them to the surface after the test. When the borehole depth is large, raising and lowering the drill pipe takes a long time and is labor-intensive; 2) Using a SPT hammer on the surface is difficult. The SPT hammer weighs 63.5kg, and with the core rod, it weighs approximately 80kg, making it difficult to transport, especially in areas with poor transportation conditions, requiring 2-3 people to carry it with great difficulty; 3) Due to factors such as rod length and drill pipe joints, the energy consumed by the hammer blows on the drill pipe is relatively large and difficult to accurately determine. Therefore, although methods such as rod length correction are used to reduce the energy, the error is still relatively large; 4) Due to depth limitations, the burial depth of the formation tested is generally less than 20m. Domestic relevant standards specify a maximum SPT rod length correction depth of 21m.
[0006] Therefore, it is essential to develop a mechanical testing device and its usage method for Quaternary strata engineering exploration that can be lowered into the borehole together with the drill pipe and drill string, requiring only a stop in drilling during testing without the need for additional drilling or lowering, thus significantly improving efficiency; eliminating the need for drill pipe force transmission, resulting in very low energy loss and ensuring the reliability of test data; automatically collecting and storing test data, ensuring high data accuracy and a low probability of misalignment; not being limited by borehole depth; having wide applicability; and being easy to use and familiar to drilling operators. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology and to provide a mechanical testing device applicable to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata.
[0008] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method of using this mechanical testing device applied to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata.
[0009] A third objective of this invention is to provide a method for using a mechanical testing device applied to Quaternary strata engineering exploration for testing a specific stratum.
[0010] To achieve the aforementioned first objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a mechanical testing device applied to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata, characterized in that it includes an in-hole testing device and an out-of-hole device; the upper part of the in-hole testing device is connected to the drill rod, and the lower part is connected to the drill string; the in-hole testing device is cylindrical, and the in-hole testing device includes a through circular hole located at the center and an annular cavity located between the outer shell of the in-hole testing device and the through circular hole.
[0011] The annular cavity is provided with, from top to bottom, a data collection, storage and trigger control system, a test mechanical system connected to the data collection, storage and trigger control system, and a power supply connected to the test mechanical system;
[0012] The testing mechanical system consists of two parallel, retractable, and reverse-arranged miniature probes;
[0013] The data collection, storage, and triggering control system includes a data collection system, a storage system, and a triggering control system.
[0014] The external device is a surface clock system capable of providing multiple timed reminders.
[0015] In the above technical solution, the diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod, and the outer diameter of the in-hole testing equipment is the same as the outer diameter of the drill bit.
[0016] In the above technical solution, a charging power interface is provided at the bottom of the annular cavity.
[0017] In the above technical solution, a data interface, a time setting button, and a display screen are provided on the top of the annular cavity.
[0018] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, a method for using a mechanical testing device applied to Quaternary stratigraphic engineering exploration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0019] Step 1: Assemble the in-hole testing equipment between the drill pipe and the drill string;
[0020] Step 2: Based on the drilling depth, set appropriate start-up and completion test trigger times for the in-hole testing equipment through the trigger control system in the data collection, storage, and trigger control system;
[0021] At the same time, set the interval for the timed reminder of the external device. The test start time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minute earlier than the test start trigger time set for the internal device. The test completion time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minute later than the test completion trigger time set for the internal device.
[0022] Step 3: Lower the borehole testing equipment, drill rod, and drill bit into the borehole as a whole;
[0023] Step 4: Begin drilling;
[0024] Step 5: When the drilling operator receives the test start reminder set by the external equipment, drilling stops and the drill rod and drill bit are stationary; when the test equipment inside the borehole reaches the set start test trigger time, the two miniature probes of the test mechanical system are inserted into the borehole wall soil layer. The mechanical sensor transmits the probe resistance to the storage system, and the data collection system collects detection data according to the extension length of the miniature probe, once every 1cm or 0.5cm.
[0025] The test ends when the micro probes are fully extended and the last data is collected. After the test, the two micro probes retract into the test device inside the hole, waiting for the next trigger.
[0026] Step 6: The drilling operator records the test number, time, and hole depth on the drilling shift report;
[0027] Step 7: When the drilling operator receives the test end time reminder set by the external equipment, the internal testing equipment has completed the test and data collection and has been reset;
[0028] Step 8: Repeat steps 4-7 to complete this drilling cycle; remove the in-hole testing equipment, drill rod, and drill bit from the surface; remove the in-hole testing equipment and transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via the data interface; or after completing one or several holes, transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via the data interface.
[0029] Step 9: Combine the shift reports recorded by the drilling operators and the test records of the in-hole testing equipment to form complete test data, including borehole number, test sequence number, borehole depth, cone tip resistance of the micro-penetration probe, and sidewall friction.
[0030] In the above technical solution, in step 2, the time interval between the test start time and the test completion time set by the external device is 3-5 minutes.
[0031] In the above technical solution, in step 5, when the cone tip resistance of the micro probe reaches 50N, the test data is recorded, and the micro probe retracts into the test equipment inside the hole.
[0032] In the above technical solution, in step 2, the time interval between the start-up test trigger time and the completion test trigger time of the in-hole test equipment should be greater than the drilling time and less than the time of one drilling cycle, to ensure that the test location is within the required formation depth range.
[0033] To achieve the third objective mentioned above, a method for using a mechanical testing device applied to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata is characterized by the following steps when testing a specific stratum is required:
[0034] Step 1: Lower the in-hole testing equipment, drill pipe, and drill bit into the borehole as a whole; based on the drilling depth, set appropriate start and finish test trigger times for the in-hole testing equipment through the trigger control system in the data collection, storage, and trigger control system; simultaneously set the interval for the timed reminders of the external equipment. The test start time set for the external equipment should be 0.5-1 minute earlier than the start test trigger time set for the in-hole testing equipment, and the test finish time set for the external equipment should be 0.5-1 minute later than the finish test trigger time set for the in-hole testing equipment.
[0035] Step 2: Position the borehole testing equipment within the required formation depth and wait for the ground clock system to provide a timed reminder;
[0036] Step 3: When the drilling operator receives the test start reminder set by the external equipment, the drill rod and drill string are stationary; when the test equipment inside the borehole reaches the set start test trigger time, the two miniature probes of the test mechanical system are inserted into the borehole wall soil layer, and the mechanical sensor transmits the probe resistance to the storage system. The data collection system collects detection data according to the extension length of the miniature probe, once every 1cm or 0.5cm.
[0037] The test ends when the micro probes are fully extended and the last data is collected. After the test, the two micro probes retract into the test device inside the hole, waiting for the next trigger.
[0038] Step 4: The drilling operator records the test number, time, and hole depth on the drilling shift report;
[0039] Step 5: When the drilling operator receives the test end time reminder set by the external equipment, the internal testing equipment has completed the test and data collection and has been reset;
[0040] Step 6: Repeat steps 3-5 to remove the borehole testing equipment, drill rod, and drill bit from the surface; remove the borehole testing equipment and transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via the data interface; transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via the data interface.
[0041] Step 7: Combine the shift reports recorded by the drilling operators and the test records of the in-hole testing equipment to form complete test data, including borehole number, test sequence number, borehole depth, cone tip resistance of the micro-penetration probe, and sidewall friction.
[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0043] 1) The present invention uses a time synchronization scheme to solve the problem of triggering the in-hole testing device and coordinating with ground drilling operators.
[0044] 2) This invention is easy to operate and master, has low equipment costs, significantly reduces the labor intensity and time consumption of drilling and testing, and provides highly reliable data. It has the advantages of high efficiency, economy, accuracy, and wide applicability. It is of great significance for the exploration and testing of Quaternary strata.
[0045] 3) The in-hole testing equipment used in this invention is lowered into the borehole together with the drill rod and drill bit. During testing, drilling only needs to be stopped, without the need for additional drilling or lowering, which greatly improves efficiency.
[0046] 4) This invention does not require drill pipe to transmit force, resulting in very low energy loss and ensuring the reliability of test data.
[0047] 5) The test data of this invention is automatically collected and stored, resulting in high data accuracy and a low probability of misalignment.
[0048] 6) This invention is not limited by drilling depth and has wide applicability.
[0049] 7) The method of using this invention is simple and easy for drilling operators to learn and master.
[0050] 8) This invention can be used to test a specific stratum, and is flexible and convenient to use. Attached Figure Description
[0051] Figure 1 This diagram shows the connection relationships between the in-hole testing equipment, drill pipe, and drilling tools.
[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the in-hole testing equipment.
[0053] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA.
[0054] Figure 4When testing the inside of a miniature probe retractable hole Figure 2 Sectional view at point BB.
[0055] Figure 5 When inserting micro-penetrating boreholes into soil layers Figure 2 Sectional view at point BB.
[0056] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point CC.
[0057] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point DD.
[0058] Among them, 1-in-hole testing equipment, 2-drill rod, 3-drill tool, 11-through circular hole, 12-annular cavity, 121-charging power interface, 122-data interface, 123-time setting button and display screen, 13-data collection, storage and trigger control system, 14-test mechanical system, 141-micro probe, 142-micro motor, 15-power supply. Detailed Implementation
[0059] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but these descriptions are not intended to limit the invention and are merely illustrative. The advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through this description.
[0060] Referring to the attached drawings, the mechanical testing device used in Quaternary strata engineering exploration includes an in-hole testing device 1 and an out-of-hole device; the upper part of the in-hole testing device 1 is connected to the drill rod 2, and the lower part is connected to the drill string 3. The in-hole testing device 1 is cylindrical and includes a through circular hole 11 located in the center and an annular cavity 12 located between the outer shell of the in-hole testing device 1 and the through circular hole 11.
[0061] The annular cavity 12 is provided with, from top to bottom, a data collection, storage and triggering control system 13, a test mechanical system 14 connected to the data collection, storage and triggering control system 13, and a power supply 15 connected to the test mechanical system 14;
[0062] The testing mechanical system 14 consists of two parallel, retractable, and reverse-arranged miniature probes 141. The borehole testing device 1 tests the mechanical properties of the borehole wall soil. Power is supplied by a power source 15, and a miniature motor 142 drives the two parallel miniature probes 141 inside the device to insert into the borehole wall soil layer. The mechanical sensor transmits the probe resistance to the storage system. After the test is completed, the two miniature probes 141 are reset and enter the borehole testing device 1, ready for the next trigger.
[0063] The data collection, storage, and triggering control system 13 includes a data collection system, a storage system, and a triggering control system;
[0064] The external device is a surface clock system capable of providing multiple timed reminders.
[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the through hole 11 is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod 2 to ensure that the drilling flushing fluid flow pipeline is unobstructed; the outer diameter of the in-hole testing device 1 is the same as the outer diameter of the drill bit 3, which is generally 110mm.
[0066] A charging power interface 121 is provided at the bottom of the annular cavity 12.
[0067] The top of the annular cavity 12 is provided with a data interface 122, a time setting button and a display screen 123.
[0068] A method for using a mechanical testing device applied to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata, characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0069] Step 1: Assemble the in-hole testing device 1 between the drill pipe 2 and the drill string 3;
[0070] Step 2: Based on the drilling depth, set appropriate start-up and completion test trigger times for the in-hole testing equipment 1 through the trigger control system in the data collection, storage, and trigger control system 13;
[0071] At the same time, the interval of the timed reminder for the external device is set. The test start time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minutes earlier than the start test trigger time set for the internal test device 1. The test completion time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minutes later than the test completion trigger time set for the internal test device 1.
[0072] Step 3: Lower the borehole testing device 1, drill rod 2, and drill string 3 into the borehole as a whole, ensuring that the borehole testing device 1 is in the reset state before drilling begins.
[0073] Step 4: Begin drilling;
[0074] Step 5: When the drilling operator receives the test start reminder set by the external equipment, drilling stops, drill rod 2 and drill tool 3 are stationary, and drilling work is halted, that is, drill rod 2 is in a prohibited state, with no vertical displacement or rotation; when the test equipment 1 in the borehole reaches the set start test trigger time, the two miniature probes 141 of the test mechanical system 14 are inserted into the borehole wall soil layer, and the probe resistance is transmitted to the storage system using mechanical sensors. The data collection system collects detection data according to the extension length of the miniature probes 141, collecting data once every 1cm or 0.5cm.
[0075] The test ends when the micro probe 141 is fully extended and the last data acquisition is completed. After the test is completed, the two micro probes 141 retract into the test device 1 inside the hole, waiting for the next trigger.
[0076] Step 6: The drilling operator records the test number, time, and hole depth on the drilling shift report;
[0077] Step 7: When the drilling operator receives the test end time reminder set by the external equipment, the internal testing equipment 1 has completed the test and data collection and has been reset;
[0078] Step 8: Repeat steps 4-7 to complete this drilling cycle; remove the in-hole testing device 1, drill rod 2, and drill tool 3 from the ground; remove the in-hole testing device 1 and transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via data interface 122; or after completing one or several holes, transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via data interface 122.
[0079] Step 9: Combine the shift reports recorded by the drilling operators and the test records of the in-hole testing equipment 1 to form complete test data, including borehole number, test sequence number, borehole depth, cone tip resistance of micro probe 141, and sidewall friction.
[0080] In step 2, the time interval between the test start time and the test completion time set for the external device is 3-5 minutes.
[0081] In step 5, when the cone tip resistance of the micro probe 141 reaches 50N, the test data is recorded, and the micro probe 141 retracts into the test device 1 inside the hole.
[0082] In step 2, the time interval between the start-up test trigger time and the completion test trigger time of the in-hole test equipment 1 should be greater than the drilling time and less than the time of one drilling cycle, to ensure that the test location is within the required formation depth range.
[0083] The method of using a mechanical testing device applied to Quaternary strata engineering exploration, if testing is required on a specific stratum, includes the following steps:
[0084] Step 1: Lower the in-hole testing device 1, drill rod 2, and drill tool 3 into the borehole as a whole; according to the drilling depth, set an appropriate start test trigger time and completion test trigger time for the in-hole testing device 1 through the trigger control system in the data collection, storage, and trigger control system 13; at the same time, set the interval of the timed reminder time for the external device. The test start time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minute earlier than the start test trigger time set for the in-hole testing device 1, and the test completion time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minute later than the completion test trigger time set for the in-hole testing device 1.
[0085] Step 2: Position the borehole testing equipment 1 within the required formation depth and wait for the ground clock system to provide a timed reminder;
[0086] Step 3: When the drilling operator receives the test start reminder set by the external equipment, drill rod 2 and drill string 3 are stationary. If the vibration of the ground power system affects the test, it should also be stopped. However, to prevent the drill from getting stuck, the mud circulation system can operate normally. When the test equipment 1 in the borehole reaches the set start test trigger time, the two miniature probes 141 of the test mechanical system 14 are inserted into the borehole wall soil layer. The mechanical sensor transmits the probe resistance to the storage system. The data collection system collects test data according to the extension length of the miniature probes 141, collecting data once every 1 cm or 0.5 cm.
[0087] The test ends when the micro probe 141 is fully extended and the last data acquisition is completed. After the test is completed, the two micro probes 141 retract into the test device 1 inside the hole, waiting for the next trigger.
[0088] Step 4: The drilling operator records the test number, time, and hole depth on the drilling shift report;
[0089] Step 5: When the drilling operator receives the test end time reminder set by the external equipment, the internal testing equipment 1 has completed the test and data collection and has been reset;
[0090] Step 6: Repeat steps 3-5 to lift the borehole testing device 1, drill rod 2, and drill tool 3 out of the ground; remove the borehole testing device 1 and transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via data interface 122; transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive, or computer via data interface 122.
[0091] Step 7: Combine the shift reports recorded by the drilling operators and the test records of the in-hole testing equipment 1 to form complete test data, including borehole number, test sequence number, borehole depth, cone tip resistance of micro probe 141, and sidewall friction resistance.
[0092] All other unspecified parts belong to the prior art.
Claims
1. A method for using a mechanical testing device applied to engineering exploration of Quaternary strata, characterized in that: The invention includes a mechanical testing device for engineering exploration of Quaternary strata. The mechanical testing device for engineering exploration of Quaternary strata includes an in-hole testing device (1) and an out-of-hole device. The upper part of the in-hole testing device (1) is connected to the drill rod (2), and the lower part is connected to the drill string (3). The in-hole testing device (1) is cylindrical and includes a through circular hole (11) located in the center and an annular cavity (12) located between the outer shell of the in-hole testing device (1) and the through circular hole (11). The annular cavity (12) is provided with a data collection, storage and triggering control system (13), a test mechanical system (14) connected to the data collection, storage and triggering control system (13), and a power supply (15) connected to the test mechanical system (14) in sequence from top to bottom. The test mechanical system (14) consists of two parallel, retractable, and reverse-arranged miniature probes (141); The data collection, storage, and trigger control system (13) includes a data collection system, a storage system, and a trigger control system; The external device is a surface clock system capable of providing multiple timed reminders. The diameter of the through hole (11) is the same as the inner diameter of the drill rod (2), and the outer diameter of the in-hole testing device (1) is the same as the outer diameter of the drill bit (3); The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the in-hole testing equipment (1) between the drill pipe (2) and the drill string (3); Step 2: Based on the drilling depth, set appropriate start test trigger time and completion test trigger time for the in-hole test equipment (1) through the trigger control system in the data collection, storage, and trigger control system (13); At the same time, the interval of the timed reminder time for the external device is set. The test start time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minutes earlier than the start test trigger time set for the internal test device (1). The test completion time set for the external device should be 0.5-1 minutes later than the completion test trigger time set for the internal test device (1). Step 3: Lower the borehole testing equipment (1), drill rod (2), and drill string (3) into the borehole as a whole; Step 4: Begin drilling; Step 5: When the drilling operator receives the test start reminder set by the external equipment, the drilling stops and the drill rod (2) and drill string (3) are stationary; when the test equipment (1) in the borehole reaches the set start test trigger time, the two micro probes (141) of the test mechanical system (14) are inserted into the borehole wall soil layer, and the mechanical sensor transmits the probe resistance to the storage system. The data collection system collects test data according to the extension length of the micro probes (141), and collects data once every 1 cm or 0.5 cm. The test ends when the micro probes (141) are fully extended and the last data acquisition is completed; after the test is completed, the two micro probes (141) are retracted into the test device (1) inside the hole, waiting for the next trigger. Step 6: The drilling operator records the test number, time, and hole depth on the drilling shift report; Step 7: When the drilling operator receives the test end time reminder set by the external equipment, the internal testing equipment (1) has completed the test and data collection and has been reset; Step 8: Repeat steps 4-7 to complete this drilling cycle; remove the in-hole testing equipment (1), drill rod (2) and drill tool (3) from the ground; remove the in-hole testing equipment (1) and transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive or computer via the data interface (122); or after completing one or several holes, transfer the test data to a USB flash drive, external hard drive or computer via the data interface (122). Step 9: Based on the combination of the shift report recorded by the drilling operator and the test record of the in-hole testing equipment (1), complete test data is formed, including borehole number, test sequence number, borehole depth, cone tip resistance of micro-penetration probe (141), and sidewall friction.
2. The method of using the mechanical testing device for engineering exploration of Quaternary strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: A charging power interface (121) is provided at the bottom of the annular cavity (12).
3. The method of using the mechanical testing device for Quaternary strata engineering exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the annular cavity (12) is provided with a data interface (122), a time setting button and a display screen (123).
4. The method of using the mechanical testing device for engineering exploration of Quaternary strata according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the time interval between the test start time and the test completion time set for the external device is 3-5 minutes.
5. The method of using the mechanical testing device for Quaternary strata engineering exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 5, when the cone tip resistance of the micro probe (141) reaches 50N, the test data is recorded, and the micro probe (141) retracts into the test device (1) inside the hole.
6. The method of using the mechanical testing device for Quaternary strata engineering exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 2, the time interval between the start-up test trigger time and the completion test trigger time of the in-hole test equipment (1) should be greater than the drilling time and less than the time of one drilling cycle, to ensure that the test location is within the required formation depth range.