A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve

Abstract

This invention provides a pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve, belonging to the technical field of cryogenic refrigerators. It includes a linear compressor, a refrigerator cooling finger, and a phase adjustment mechanism. The phase adjustment mechanism is a novel combined phase adjustment mechanism comprising a discharger assembly and a small-hole valve assembly. The small-hole valve can be flexibly arranged between the compression chamber, the first-stage expansion chamber, and the second-stage expansion chamber via a connecting pipe. By adjusting the opening of the small-hole valve, the phase difference between the pressure wave and mass flow at the hot end of the two-stage pulse tube is maintained at an optimal value under varying operating conditions, achieving higher refrigeration performance and solving the problem of poor flexibility in pneumatic dischargers. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has a simple device, high adjustability, and can achieve efficient operation under varying operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cryogenic refrigeration machines, and specifically discloses a pulse tube refrigeration machine with combined phase adjustment of the discharge device and valve. Background Technology

[0002] Pulse tube refrigerators have no moving parts at low temperatures, and have advantages such as simple structure, long life and high reliability. They have important applications in quantum computing, astronomical observation and nuclear magnetic resonance.

[0003] Phase adjustment mechanisms are typically located at the hot end of the pulse tube, playing a role in regulating the phase difference between pressure waves and mass flow, and have a significant impact on refrigeration performance. They have undergone several innovations, including the orifice type, bidirectional inlet type, inertial tube gas reservoir type, multi-bypass type, and discharge type. Discharge type phase adjustment mechanisms have been widely used in recent years. The discharge piston is generally located between the expansion chamber at the hot end of the pulse tube and the compression chamber of the compressor. It can recover the expansion acoustic energy at the end of the pulse tube to the compression chamber, while simultaneously enhancing phase adjustment capabilities to a certain extent, and has gradually gained attention.

[0004] There are two types of phase adjustment mechanisms for dischargers: pneumatic and active. In an active discharger, the piston movement is controlled by a motor, allowing for better control of the phase difference to achieve an optimal value and thus efficient operation. However, in a pneumatic discharger, the piston movement is passive and significantly affected by damping, spring stiffness, and system pressure, increasing the difficulty of phase adjustment. Furthermore, in actual operation, the discharger parameters are fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharge device and valve, which can overcome the defect of poor flexibility of pneumatic discharge devices under varying operating conditions, keep the phase difference between the pressure wave and the mass flow at the optimal value, and obtain higher refrigeration performance.

[0006] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharge device and valves mentioned above includes a linear compressor, a refrigerator cooling finger, and a phase adjustment mechanism.

[0007] The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cold finger structure; the first stage cold finger includes a main room temperature heat exchanger, a first stage regenerator, a first stage cold end heat exchanger, a first stage pulse tube, and a first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger connected in sequence; the second stage cold finger includes a second stage regenerator, a second stage cold end heat exchanger, a second stage pulse tube, and a second stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger connected in sequence.

[0008] Furthermore, the two-stage cold terminals are connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold-end heat exchanger connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator.

[0009] The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharge assembly and the orifice valve assembly.

[0010] The discharge assembly is a two-stage independent discharge unit, including a first-stage discharge piston, a first-stage support leaf spring, a second-stage discharge piston, a second-stage support leaf spring, and a discharge cylinder. The first-stage support leaf spring flexibly supports the first-stage discharge piston, and the second-stage support leaf spring flexibly supports the second-stage discharge piston. The outer end face of the first-stage discharge piston forms a compression chamber with the compression piston of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder, and the compression chamber is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger. The inner end face of the first-stage discharge piston forms a first-stage expansion chamber with the outer end face of the second-stage discharge piston and the discharge cylinder, and the first-stage expansion chamber is connected to the first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger. The inner end face of the second-stage discharge piston forms a second-stage expansion chamber with the discharge cylinder, and the second-stage expansion chamber is connected to the second-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger.

[0011] The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and an orifice valve; the two ends of the orifice valve are connected to different chambers through the connecting pipe, including the following six connection methods.

[0012] The first connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and orifice valve I; one end of orifice valve I is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0013] The second connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and orifice valve II; one end of orifice valve II is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0014] The third connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and orifice valve III; one end of orifice valve III is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0015] The fourth connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve I and orifice valve II; one end of orifice valve I is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe; one end of orifice valve II is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0016] The fifth connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve I and orifice valve III; one end of orifice valve I is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe; one end of orifice valve III is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0017] The sixth connection method: The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve II and orifice valve III; one end of orifice valve II is connected to the compression chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe; one end of orifice valve III is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber through the connecting pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the orifice valves I, II, and III have an asymmetrical structure.

[0019] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] Based on the phase adjustment of the discharge unit assembly, a small orifice valve assembly is added to form a combined phase adjustment mechanism. The small orifice valve can be flexibly arranged between the compression chamber, the first-stage expansion chamber, and the second-stage expansion chamber through connecting pipes. By adjusting the opening of the small orifice valve, the phase difference between the pressure wave at the hot end of the pulse tube and the mass flow under varying operating conditions can be adjusted to obtain a suitable phase, maintain high refrigeration efficiency, and solve the problem of poor flexibility of pneumatic discharge units. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 11. Small orifice valve I; 12. Small orifice valve II; 13. Small orifice valve III; 21. First-stage discharger piston; 22. First-stage expansion chamber; 23. First-stage support leaf spring; 24. Second-stage discharger piston; 25. Second-stage expansion chamber; 26. Second-stage support leaf spring; 27. Discharger cylinder; 31. Main room temperature heat exchanger; 32. First-stage regenerator; 33. First-stage pulse tube; 34. First-stage cold end heat exchanger; 35. Second-stage regenerator; 36. Second-stage cold end heat exchanger; 37. Second-stage pulse tube; 38. Second-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger; 39. First-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger; 41. Compression piston; 42. Compression chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This invention adds a small-hole valve assembly to the conventional discharge unit phase adjustment mechanism, forming a combined phase adjustment mechanism. The position of the small-hole valve can be flexibly adjusted to achieve partial series communication of the working fluid. The small-hole valve has an asymmetrical structure, which can control the DC direction, and the valve opening can be adjusted according to requirements to achieve efficient refrigeration under varying operating conditions.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 1 As shown, it includes a linear compressor, a refrigeration unit, and a phase adjustment mechanism. The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharge assembly and the orifice valve assembly.

[0033] The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cold finger structure. The first-stage cold finger includes a main room temperature heat exchanger 31, a first-stage regenerator 32, a first-stage cold-end heat exchanger 34, a first-stage pulse tube 33, and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger 39, connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator 35, a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger 36, a second-stage pulse tube 37, and a second-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger 38, connected in sequence. The two stages of the cold finger are gas-coupled, with the first-stage cold-end heat exchanger 34 connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator 35.

[0034] The discharge assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston 21, a first-stage support leaf spring 23, a second-stage discharger piston 24, a second-stage support leaf spring 26, and a discharger cylinder 27.

[0035] The outer end face of the first-stage discharge piston 21 forms a compression chamber 42 between the compression piston 41 and the discharge cylinder 27 of the linear compressor, and the compression chamber 42 is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger 31; the inner end face of the first-stage discharge piston 21 forms a first-stage expansion chamber 22 between the outer end face of the second-stage discharge piston 24 and the discharge cylinder 27, and the first-stage expansion chamber 22 is connected to the first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger 39; the inner end face of the second-stage discharge piston 24 forms a second-stage expansion chamber 25 between the discharge cylinder 27, and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 is connected to the second-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger 38.

[0036] The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and an orifice valve I11; one end of the orifice valve I11 is connected to the compression chamber 42 through the connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber 22 through the connecting pipe.

[0037] Working principle: The compression piston 41 of the linear compressor reciprocates, and the working fluid helium gas forms periodic pressure fluctuations in the system; the output power of the linear compressor enters the main room temperature heat exchanger 31, passes through the first-stage regenerator 32 and the first-stage cold-end heat exchanger 34, and the temperature gradually decreases, thus obtaining cooling capacity; the working fluid is split at the first-stage cold-end heat exchanger 34, with one part entering the second-stage regenerator 35 and the other part entering the first-stage pulse tube 33;

[0038] The gas entering the second-stage regenerator 35 passes through the second-stage cold-end heat exchanger 36, where its temperature decreases again and it gains cooling capacity. The expansion work passes through the second-stage pulse tube 37 and the second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger 38 into the second-stage expansion chamber 25, and is recovered to the first-stage expansion chamber 22 by the second-stage discharge piston 24.

[0039] The gas entering the first-stage pulse tube 33 passes through the first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger 39 and then enters the first-stage expansion chamber 22, where it merges with the expansion acoustic energy from the hot end of the second-stage pulse tube and is then recycled to the compression chamber 42.

[0040] The orifice valve I11 connects the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the compression chamber 42 via a connecting pipe. The working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the working gas in the first-stage expansion chamber 22 are partially interconnected. The orifice valve I11 has an asymmetrical structure, which can control the direct current direction. The orifice valve I11 works in conjunction with the discharge assembly for phase adjustment. By adjusting the valve opening, the flow rate is changed to ensure a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment eliminates the orifice valve I 11 and connecting pipe from Embodiment 1. Instead, an orifice valve II 12 is installed between the compression chamber 42 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 via a connecting pipe, allowing partial communication between the working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25. The orifice valve II 12 has an asymmetrical structure, allowing control of the direct current direction. The orifice valve II 12 works in conjunction with the discharge assembly for phase adjustment; by adjusting the valve opening, the flow rate is changed, ensuring a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator, thereby improving refrigeration efficiency. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 3As shown, this embodiment eliminates the orifice valve I11 and connecting pipe from Embodiment 1. Instead, an orifice valve III13 is installed between the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 via a connecting pipe, allowing partial communication between the working gas in the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25. The orifice valve III13 has an asymmetrical structure, allowing control of the direct current direction. The orifice valve III13 works in conjunction with the discharge assembly for phase adjustment; by adjusting the valve opening, the flow rate is changed, ensuring a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator, thereby improving refrigeration efficiency. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with a small-hole valve II 12 installed between the compression chamber 42 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 via a connecting pipe. This allows for partial communication between the working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the first-stage expansion chamber 22, as well as partial communication between the working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25. Both small-hole valves I 11 and II 12 have asymmetrical structures, allowing for control of the direct current direction. The small-hole valves I 11 and II 12, along with the discharge assembly, work together to adjust the phase distribution. By adjusting the valve opening, the flow rate is changed, ensuring a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator and thus improving refrigeration efficiency. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0047] Example 5:

[0048] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, with a small-hole valve III13 installed between the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 via a connecting pipe. This allows for partial communication between the working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the first-stage expansion chamber 22, as well as partial communication between the working gas in the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25. Both small-hole valves I11 and III13 have asymmetrical structures, allowing for control of the direct current direction. The small-hole valves I11 and III13, along with the discharge assembly, work together to adjust the phase, changing the flow rate by adjusting the valve opening to ensure a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator, thereby improving refrigeration efficiency. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharger and valve provided in this embodiment has the following structural cross-sectional view: Figure 6As shown, this embodiment is based on Embodiment 2. A small-hole valve III13 is installed between the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25 via a connecting pipe. This allows for partial communication between the working gas in the compression chamber 42 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25, as well as partial communication between the working gas in the first-stage expansion chamber 22 and the second-stage expansion chamber 25. Both small-hole valves II12 and III13 have asymmetrical structures, allowing for control of the direct current direction. The small-hole valves II12 and III13, along with the discharge assembly, work together to adjust the phase distribution. By adjusting the valve opening, the flow rate is changed, ensuring a reasonable phase distribution within the regenerator, thereby improving refrigeration efficiency. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 2.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and an orifice valve I (11); One end of the small orifice valve I (11) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe.

2. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and an orifice valve II (12); One end of the small orifice valve II (12) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe.

3. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe and an orifice valve III (13); One end of the small orifice valve III (13) is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe.

4. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve I (11) and orifice valve II (12); One end of the small orifice valve I (11) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe; One end of the small orifice valve II (12) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe.

5. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve I (11) and orifice valve III (13); One end of the small orifice valve I (11) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe; One end of the small orifice valve III (13) is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe.

6. A pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of discharge device and valve, characterized in that, Includes linear compressors, refrigeration unit cooling index, and phase adjustment mechanism; The refrigeration unit has a two-stage cooling finger structure. The first-stage cold section includes a main room temperature heat exchanger (31), a first-stage regenerator (32), a first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34), a first-stage pulse tube (33), and a first-stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39) connected in sequence. The second-stage cold finger includes a second-stage regenerator (35), a second-stage cold-end heat exchanger (36), a second-stage pulse tube (37), and a second-stage sub-room temperature heat exchanger (38) connected in sequence. The two-stage cold finger structure is connected by gas coupling, with the first-stage cold end heat exchanger (34) connected to the hot end of the second-stage regenerator (35); The phase adjustment mechanism is a combined phase adjustment mechanism of the discharger assembly and the orifice valve assembly; The discharger assembly is a two-stage independent discharger, including a first-stage discharger piston (21), a first-stage support leaf spring (23), a second-stage discharger piston (24), a second-stage support leaf spring (26), and a discharger cylinder (27). The first-stage support leaf spring (23) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the first-stage discharge piston (21), providing flexible support for the first-stage discharge piston (21); The second-stage support leaf spring (26) connects the discharge cylinder (27) and the second-stage discharge piston (24), providing flexible support for the second-stage discharge piston (24); The outer end face of the first stage discharge piston (21) forms a compression chamber (42) between the compression piston (41) of the linear compressor and the discharge cylinder (27), and the compression chamber (42) is connected to the main room temperature heat exchanger (31). The inner end face of the first stage discharger piston (21) and the outer end face of the second stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a first stage expansion chamber (22), which is connected to the first stage secondary room temperature heat exchanger (39). The inner end face of the second-stage discharger piston (24) and the discharger cylinder (27) form a second-stage expansion chamber (25), which is connected to the second-stage room temperature heat exchanger (38). The orifice valve assembly includes a connecting pipe, orifice valve II (12) and orifice valve III (13); One end of the small orifice valve II (12) is connected to the compression chamber (42) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe; One end of the small orifice valve III (13) is connected to the first-stage expansion chamber (22) through a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to the second-stage expansion chamber (25) through a connecting pipe.

7. The pulse tube refrigerator with combined phase adjustment of the discharge device and valve according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The orifice valve has an asymmetrical structure.

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