Two-chamber pressure regulating chamber structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and in particular to a double-chamber surge tank structure with a small cross-sectional area for individual surge tanks, thus adapting to complex engineering geological conditions and special geological conditions such as fractured bedrock. The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a double-chamber surge tank structure, including a surge tank and a water diversion tunnel, wherein the surge tank includes at least a first surge tank and a second surge tank, which are located at the same horizontal level and are respectively connected to the water diversion tunnel through their own independent connecting wells. This invention is particularly suitable for surge tank arrangements in complex engineering geological conditions and special geological conditions such as fractured bedrock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower facilities, and in particular to a dual-chamber surge tank structure. Background Technology

[0002] A surge tank is a device in a hydroelectric power station used to adjust and maintain a stable water flow pressure entering the hydraulic machinery. It is typically located downstream of the turbine unit, or between the guide section and the air inlet, playing a crucial role in regulating water flow, controlling flow rate, and balancing pressure. In practice, the main functions of a surge tank are: 1. Effectively protecting the hydraulic machinery: Hydraulic turbine units require a stable water flow during operation. Excessive or insufficient water flow can damage the machinery, especially excessive flow, which may cause catastrophic accidents such as unit vibration, collisions, or contact, leading to overload or destructive oscillations. The surge tank regulates the water flow, stabilizing the pressure and ensuring the safe operation of the hydraulic machinery. 2. Reducing the operational risks of the hydroelectric power station: Hydroelectric power stations face many risks during operation, such as overcapacity, unexpected power outages, and foreign objects in the intake channel. These risks can cause fluctuations in water flow pressure, and the surge tank can mitigate these risks by stabilizing the water flow pressure, ensuring the normal operation of the hydraulic machinery and thus reducing the overall operational risks of the hydroelectric power station.

[0003] Existing surge tanks mostly adopt a single-chamber structure or a double-chamber structure at different heights. These surge tanks have a large cross-sectional area and are not suitable for areas with complex engineering geological conditions and fractured bedrock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a double-chamber pressure regulating chamber structure with a small cross-sectional area of ​​a single pressure regulating chamber, which is suitable for complex engineering geological conditions and special geological conditions such as fractured bedrock.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a dual-chamber pressure regulating chamber structure, including a pressure regulating chamber and a water diversion tunnel. The pressure regulating chamber includes at least a first pressure regulating chamber and a second pressure regulating chamber. The first pressure regulating chamber and the second pressure regulating chamber are set at the same horizontal level. The first pressure regulating chamber and the second pressure regulating chamber are respectively connected to the water diversion tunnel through their respective independent connecting wells.

[0006] Furthermore, the location of the port connecting the connecting well to the first pressure regulating chamber is higher than the location of the port connecting the connecting well to the water diversion tunnel.

[0007] Furthermore, the location of the port connecting the connecting well to the second pressure regulating chamber is higher than the location of the port connecting the connecting well to the water diversion tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the extension directions of the first and second surge chambers are consistent with those of the water diversion tunnel.

[0009] Furthermore, the first and second surge chambers are located on both sides of the water diversion tunnel.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, by setting up at least two pressure regulating chambers, namely a first pressure regulating chamber and a second pressure regulating chamber, the cross-sectional area of ​​each pressure regulating chamber structure can be designed to be smaller, thus allowing the pressure regulating chambers to adapt to complex engineering geological conditions and special geological conditions of fractured bedrock, and providing corresponding layout flexibility. Second, the first and second pressure regulating chambers are set at the same horizontal level, ensuring that the pressure regulating chambers can be activated simultaneously when needed. Compared with the traditional structure of multiple pressure regulating chambers set at different heights, this structure has a stronger response capability and a stronger pressure regulating capability. This invention is particularly suitable for the layout of pressure regulating chambers in engineering geological conditions with complex engineering geological conditions and special geological conditions of fractured bedrock. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0013] The following are marked in the diagram: pressure regulating chamber 1, first pressure regulating chamber 11, second pressure regulating chamber 12, connecting well 2, water diversion tunnel 3, tunnel inner wall 4. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The dual-chamber pressure regulating chamber structure shown includes a pressure regulating chamber 1 and a water diversion tunnel 3. The pressure regulating chamber 1 includes at least a first pressure regulating chamber 11 and a second pressure regulating chamber 12. The first pressure regulating chamber 11 and the second pressure regulating chamber 12 are located at the same horizontal level. The first pressure regulating chamber 11 and the second pressure regulating chamber 12 are respectively connected to the water diversion tunnel 3 through their respective independent connecting wells 2.

[0016] This dual-chamber surge tank structure allows for smaller cross-sectional areas in both the first surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12, making it adaptable to complex geological conditions and fractured bedrock. Each surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12 is equipped with an independent connecting well 2. During startup, the water in the surge tanks can quickly replenish the water supply channel (including the water diversion tunnel and pressure pipeline), rapidly suppressing pressure drops within the channel. During shutdown, the water in the water diversion channel (including the water diversion tunnel and pressure pipeline) quickly enters the surge tanks, rapidly suppressing pressure increases and thus more quickly smoothing pressure fluctuations within the channel, resulting in more stable power quality from the hydropower station. To better achieve the desired surge tank response, the first surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12 are located on either side of the water diversion tunnel 3. This design ensures that the distances from the first pressure regulating chamber 11 and the second pressure regulating chamber 12 to the water diversion tunnel 3 are equal, as are the distances from their respective connecting wells 2, thereby guaranteeing consistent response.

[0017] In practical design, to smoothly guide water from the surge tank into the water diversion tunnel 3, the following scheme can be selected: the port where the connecting well 2 connects to the first surge tank 11 is higher than the port where the connecting well 2 connects to the water diversion tunnel 3. Based on the same concept, the following scheme can be selected: the port where the connecting well 2 connects to the second surge tank 12 is higher than the port where the connecting well 2 connects to the water diversion tunnel 3. Generally, it is preferable that the extension direction of the first surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12 is consistent with that of the water diversion tunnel 3.

[0018] like Figure 1 , Figure 2The illustrated dual-chamber surge tank structure includes a first surge tank 11 and a second surge tank 12. When the surge tank is activated, it replenishes the water in the water diversion tunnel 3. When the surge tank is deactivated, it stores the water in the water diversion channel. A connecting well 2 connects the surge tank 1 and the water diversion tunnel 3 as a water movement channel. The water diversion tunnel 3 is a low-pressure channel for diverting water from the reservoir to the power station. Additionally, a pressure pipeline connected to the water diversion tunnel 3 is a high-pressure channel for diverting water from the reservoir to the power station. Based on this, a smaller surge tank 1 is installed on each side of the water diversion tunnel 3, namely the first surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12. The elevation of the surge tanks is determined based on surge wave calculations. Both the first surge tank 11 and the second surge tank 12 are connected by a connecting well 2, which connects to the water diversion tunnel 3, serving as a channel for water movement between the surge tank 1 and the water diversion tunnel 3. When the power station starts up, the water volume in the pressure pipeline suddenly decreases, causing a sudden drop in pressure. The water in the surge tank quickly replenishes the pressure pipeline, rapidly stabilizing the pressure drop. When the power station shuts down, the water volume in the water diversion tunnel 3 suddenly decreases, causing a sudden increase in pressure. The water in the water diversion tunnel 3 quickly overflows into the surge tank 1, rapidly stabilizing the pressure increase in the water diversion tunnel 3.

Claims

1. A dual-chamber surge tank structure, comprising a surge tank (1) and a water diversion tunnel (3), characterized in that: The pressure regulating chamber (1) includes at least a first pressure regulating chamber (11) and a second pressure regulating chamber (12). The first pressure regulating chamber (11) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) are located at the same horizontal level. The first pressure regulating chamber (11) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) are respectively connected to the water diversion tunnel (3) through their respective independent connecting wells (2). The position of the port of the connecting well (2) connected to the first pressure regulating chamber (11) is higher than the position of the port of the connecting well (2) connected to the water diversion tunnel (3). The location of the port at the end of the connection well (2) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) is higher than the location of the port at the end of the connection well (2) and the water diversion tunnel (3); the extension direction of the first pressure regulating chamber (11) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) is consistent with that of the water diversion tunnel (3); the first pressure regulating chamber (11) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) are respectively located on both sides of the water diversion tunnel (3), and the distances from the first pressure regulating chamber (11) and the second pressure regulating chamber (12) to the water diversion tunnel (3) are equal.

Images