A screening device and method for materials of different diameters

Abstract

A radial material screening device and method are disclosed, relating to the technical field of material screening devices. The device includes a primary screening mechanism, a secondary screening mechanism, a screening channel, and a screening aperture control unit. The secondary screening mechanism includes a wheel-type sieve aperture inner diameter control unit, which is equipped with an elastic mimicry insert. The method includes screening out waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits, and directionally dropping materials that meet the specified dimensions. This invention effectively solves the problem of poor adaptability of existing radial screening devices, which cannot be matched with automated production lines and affect subsequent processes. Through this invention, radial screening of materials can be achieved, removing waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits, ensuring that the screened materials are fully free of impurities. Therefore, it will not interfere with subsequent automated production lines and can greatly improve the working efficiency of the entire production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material screening device technology, and specifically to a screening device and screening method for diameter-type materials. Background Technology

[0002] The current material screening (pins, sleeves, rollers) mainly relies on vibratory feeders to force the materials through screens of different sizes, removing obviously different parts and impurities for preliminary screening. This method has relatively loose restrictions on material specifications, lacking dimensional control for materials with strict diameter requirements. This fails to effectively prevent material contamination, hindering subsequent automated processes. While there are relatively specialized screening devices on the market, such as image screening systems, these devices are highly independent and not effectively compatible with existing production processes, and their manufacturing and procurement costs are high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a screening device and method for diameter-type materials, aiming to solve the problems of poor screening effect, poor compatibility, and inability to achieve automated production line equipment in the prior art for diameter-type material screening devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A material screening device includes a primary screening mechanism for screening waste exceeding the radial dimension (i.e., upper limit waste) and a secondary screening mechanism for screening waste smaller than the radial dimension (i.e., lower limit waste). The primary screening mechanism is connected to the secondary screening mechanism via a main material channel. The primary screening mechanism has a screening channel for material passage and a screening aperture control unit for controlling the aperture of the screening channel. The screening aperture control unit only allows materials with a radial dimension conforming to a specified value or materials exceeding the lower limit to pass through during material screening. When upper limit waste passes through the screening channel, it is blocked. The screening aperture control unit removes the upper limit waste by instantaneously expanding the aperture of the screening channel. The secondary screening mechanism has a wheel-type screen aperture inner diameter control unit with an elastic mimicry insert. The elastic mimicry insert is used to block materials conforming to the specified size and remove lower limit waste.

[0006] Preferably, the lower end of the screening channel is connected to a discharge port, and a movable discharge pipe is provided between the discharge port and the main material channel. In the initial state, the movable discharge pipe, the discharge port, and the main material channel are coaxially opposite each other. The screening channel and the main material channel are connected by the movable discharge pipe, and the inner diameter of the movable discharge pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the screening channel. A double-stroke cylinder is provided on one side of the movable discharge pipe, and the piston rod end of the double-stroke cylinder is connected to the side wall of the movable discharge pipe. Under the control of the double-stroke cylinder, the movable discharge pipe moves at the first working position and... The movement between the two workstations: the first workstation refers to the position where the movable discharge pipe connects the outlet to the main material channel; the main material channel is also equipped with an over-limit waste collection trough on one side, and the lower end of the over-limit waste collection trough is connected to an over-limit waste discharge pipe; the second workstation refers to the position of the upper end of the over-limit waste collection trough. When the screen aperture control unit instantly expands the aperture of the screening channel, the over-limit waste falls into the movable discharge pipe and gets stuck. The double-stroke cylinder moves the over-limit waste to the second workstation and discharges it into the over-limit waste collection trough.

[0007] Preferably, the movable discharge pipe includes a first docking block and a second docking block arranged opposite each other. The opposite surfaces of the first docking block and the second docking block are respectively provided with semi-circular grooves. The two semi-circular grooves are connected to form the pipe hole of the movable discharge pipe. A slot is also provided horizontally between the opposite surfaces of the first docking block and the second docking block. A return spring is connected between the opposite slots. The outer wall of the first docking block facing the double-stroke cylinder is connected to the end of the piston rod of the double-stroke cylinder through a guide rod. A return spring rod is provided on the outer surface of the second docking block and opposite to the guide rod. The structure of the return spring rod satisfies the following condition: when the double-stroke cylinder pulls the movable discharge pipe above the upper limit waste collection tank, the return spring rod reaches the extension limit, the return spring is stretched, the first docking block and the second docking block are pulled apart, and the upper limit waste is discharged into the upper limit waste collection tank. When the movable discharge pipe returns to the first working position, the first docking block and the second docking block are tightly abutted under the tension of the return spring.

[0008] Preferably, the movable discharge pipe is provided with a top plate above it, the discharge port passes through the top plate, the fixed end of the double-stroke cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top plate, the guide rod passes through the guide plate and is slidably connected to the guide plate, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the reset spring rod away from the second docking block, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top plate, and a space sensor is embedded on the outer wall of the main material channel below the movable discharge pipe. The space sensor is used to detect the space information in the main material channel. When the movable discharge pipe is in the second working position, the second docking block blocks the main material channel and the discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, a hopper is fixedly installed above the top plate, and a discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the hopper. A force transmission plate is connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe, and a wheel vibrator is installed at the lower end of the force transmission plate. A vibrator drive wheel is installed at the bottom of the wheel vibrator. The central shaft of the vibrator drive wheel is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate through a fixed seat. The vibrator drive wheel is connected to a drive wheel via a transmission belt. The central shaft of the drive wheel is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate. The drive wheel is connected to a main drive wheel via a transmission belt. The screening channel is formed by the mating of two sets of upper limit screening inserts. The inner surface of each set of upper limit screening inserts has a semi-channel. The two semi-channels are mated to form the screening channel. A mating groove is also provided between the opposite faces of the two sets of upper limit screening inserts. One set of upper limit inserts has a reset elastic rod in its docking groove. The length of the upper limit insert with the reset elastic rod is greater than that of the other set of upper limit inserts, and both ends extend outward beyond the ends of the other set of upper limit inserts. Electromagnetic attraction devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the shorter set of upper limit inserts. The electromagnetic attraction devices cooperate with the longer upper limit inserts. In the initial state, the reset elastic rod is stuck in the docking groove on the opposite side and the two sets of upper limit inserts are tightly fitted. The bottom end of the longer upper limit insert is slidably connected to the upper surface of the top plate through a linear guide rail, and the shorter upper limit insert is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate. When it is necessary to release the stuck over-limit waste, the electromagnetic attraction device is de-energized, and the longer and shorter upper limit inserts separate from each other under the elastic force of the reset elastic rod.

[0010] Preferably, a workbench is provided below the top plate. The axle of the main drive wheel passes through the top plate longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the top plate. A variable frequency drive motor is provided at the upper end of the workbench. The bottom end of the axle is fixedly connected to the top end of the output shaft of the variable frequency drive motor. The inner diameter control unit of the wheel-type screen hole includes a fixed disk coaxially fixedly connected to the axle below the top plate. A plurality of evenly distributed elastic mimicry inserts are embedded in the fixed disk. The elastic mimicry inserts are tubular structures with an elastic layer on the inner wall of the tubular structure. The inner diameter of the elastic layer satisfies the condition that it just jams the material that meets the specified size, while allowing waste material exceeding the lower limit to pass through. Driven by the axle, each elastic mimicry insert... The elastic mimicry inserts, which are connected sequentially to the bottom of the main material channel, have an ultra-lower limit waste collection trough at their lower ends. The ultra-lower limit waste collection trough is connected to an ultra-lower limit waste discharge pipe at its bottom. A top feeder is also fixedly connected longitudinally to the lower surface of the top plate on one side of the main material channel. The top feeder includes an electrically controlled telescopic device and a pin connected to the bottom of the electrically controlled telescopic device. The pin pushes out the material stuck in the elastic mimicry insert. The lower end of the elastic mimicry insert, which is opposite to the pin, is also provided with a material collection pipe. The material collection pipe transports the qualified material to the designated position. During the process of the variable frequency drive motor driving the fixed disk to rotate, the material screening and collection and the drive of the wheel vibrator are realized at the same time.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a main control mechanism, wherein the empty space sensor, variable frequency drive motor, electrically controlled telescopic device, electromagnetic attraction device, and double-stroke cylinder are electrically connected to the main control mechanism, and the active mechanism is connected to a power module.

[0012] Preferably, the upper limit screening insert and the elastic mimicry insert are provided in various models according to the difference in the outer diameter of the material. The upper limit screening insert is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the top plate, and the elastic mimicry insert is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed plate.

[0013] A method for screening materials of different diameters, using a material screening device of different diameters, includes the following steps:

[0014] (1) The material is fed through the hopper and the wheel vibrator vibrates continuously to adjust the posture and orientation of the material so that the material can pass smoothly through the discharge pipe and enter the screening channel.

[0015] (2) When the material meets the specified size, it falls into the elastic mimic insert through the screening channel, the movable discharge pipe and the main material channel and is stuck; the stuck material is rotated to a set angle under the drive of the variable frequency drive motor, and is pushed out to the material collection pipe under the action of the ejector, and is transported to the designated position along the material collection pipe; while the waste material that is not stuck enters the waste material collection tank and is discharged to the designated position along the waste material discharge pipe.

[0016] (3) When waste exceeding the upper limit occurs, the waste exceeding the upper limit is stuck in the screening channel. The empty space sensor detects the empty space information. Under the control of the main control mechanism, the electromagnetic attraction device is de-energized, the screening channel is expanded, and the waste exceeding the upper limit falls on the movable discharge pipe and is stuck. The double-stroke cylinder is activated, pulling the movable discharge pipe above the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank. The reset spring rod reaches the extension limit, the reset spring is stretched, the first docking block and the second docking block are pulled apart, the waste exceeding the upper limit is discharged into the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank and discharged into the designated position along the waste exceeding the upper limit discharge pipe. At the same time, the electromagnetic attraction device is energized, the screening channel is reset, the movable discharge pipe returns to the first working position, the first docking block and the second docking block are tightly abutted, and the screening channel is connected to the main material channel.

[0017] (4) Repeat steps (1)-(3) to achieve radial screening of materials that meet the specified size and waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the screening device and method for diameter-type materials of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. This invention effectively solves the problem that existing radial screening devices have poor adaptability and cannot be matched with automated production lines, affecting subsequent processes. Through this invention, radial screening of materials can be achieved, removing waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits, and ensuring that the screened materials are fully free of impurities. Therefore, it will not cause interference to the subsequent automated production line and can greatly improve the working efficiency of the entire production line.

[0020] 2. By changing the models of the upper limit screening insert, the elastic mimicry insert, and related parts, this invention can be adapted to radial screening of various types of materials, has wide versatility, and high practical value.

[0021] 3. During the radial screening process, the present invention can achieve fixed frequency or variable frequency operation, accurately separate waste materials exceeding the upper limit, waste materials exceeding the lower limit, and materials. The materials can be directly introduced into the relevant positions of the production line through the material collection pipe, which not only facilitates the classification and collection of raw materials, but also makes it easy to quickly locate mechanical faults.

[0022] 4. The screening process of this invention relies mostly on the gravity of the material itself for screening. The mechanical structure is simple, and the various structural units coordinate and cooperate with each other under the control of the main control mechanism without interfering with each other. The failure rate is low, maintenance is convenient, and the screening efficiency is high. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the workflow of this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of the present invention (cut open from the fixed disk);

[0028] Figure 6 1. Schematic diagram of the movable discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A top view of the movable discharge pipe of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 A top view of the upper limit screening insert of the present invention;

[0031] 1: Feed hopper; 2: Main drive wheel; 3: Axle; 4: Fixed disc; 5: Variable frequency drive motor; 6: Force transmission plate; 7: Primary screening mechanism; 8: Electrically controlled telescopic device; 9: Material collection pipe; 10: Over-limit waste discharge device (including over-limit waste collection trough and over-limit waste discharge pipe); 11: Under-limit waste discharge pipe; 12: Assembly flow channel; 13: Workbench; 14: Discharge pipe; 15: Electromagnetic attraction device; 16: Transmission wheel; 17: Reset elastic rod fixing seat; 18: Wheel vibrator; 19: Lower end of discharge pipe; 20: Reset spring rod; 21: Transmission belt; 22: Double stroke cylinder; 23: Movable discharge pipe; 24: Limiter; 25: Top material feeder ; 26: Torque limiter; 27: Elastic mimicry insert; 28: Vacancy sensor; 29: Over-limit waste collection trough; 30: Over-limit waste discharge pipe; 31: Main material channel; 32: Upper limit screening insert; 32-1: Longer upper limit insert; 32-2: Shorter upper limit insert; 33: 3D view of elastic mimicry insert; 34: Connecting plate; 35: Elastic mimicry insert docking with main material channel; 36: Guide rod; 37: Discharge port; 38: Top plate; 39: First docking block; 40: Second docking block; 41: Pipe hole; 42: Guide plate; 43: Slot hole; 44: Return spring; 45: Screening channel; 46: Docking slot; 47: Return elastic rod; 48: Linear guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A screening device for materials of different diameters, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the system includes a primary screening mechanism 7 for screening waste exceeding the radial dimension of the material (i.e., waste exceeding the upper limit) and a secondary screening mechanism for screening waste smaller than the radial dimension of the material (i.e., waste exceeding the lower limit). The primary screening mechanism is connected to the secondary screening mechanism via a main material channel 31. The primary screening mechanism is equipped with a screening channel 45 for material passage and a screening aperture control unit for controlling the aperture of the screening channel. The screening aperture control unit only allows materials with radial dimensions that meet the specified requirements or materials exceeding the lower limit to pass through during material screening. When waste exceeding the upper limit is blocked when passing through the screening channel, the screening aperture control unit removes the waste exceeding the upper limit by instantly expanding the aperture of the screening channel. The secondary screening mechanism is equipped with a wheel-type screen aperture inner diameter control unit, which has an elastic mimicry insert 27. The elastic mimicry insert 27 is used to block materials that meet the specified dimensions and remove waste exceeding the lower limit.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] Based on Example 1, this example discloses:

[0037] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the lower end of the screening channel is connected to a discharge port 37. A movable discharge pipe 23 is provided between the discharge port and the main material channel 31. In the initial state, the inner diameters of the movable discharge pipe 23, the discharge port, and the main material channel 31 are the same and coaxially opposite. The screening channel and the main material channel 31 are connected by the movable discharge pipe 23, and the inner diameter of the movable discharge pipe is the same as that of the screening channel. A double-stroke cylinder 22 is provided on one side of the movable discharge pipe 23. The piston rod end of the double-stroke cylinder 22 is connected to the side wall of the movable discharge pipe 23. Under the control of the double-stroke cylinder 22, the movable discharge pipe 23... 3. The device moves between the first station and the second station. The first station refers to the position where the movable discharge pipe connects the discharge port to the main material channel 31. The main material channel is also provided with an upper limit waste collection trough 29 on one side. The lower end of the upper limit waste collection trough 29 is connected to the upper limit waste discharge pipe 30. The second station refers to the position of the upper port of the upper limit waste collection trough 29. When the screen aperture control unit instantly expands the aperture of the screening channel, the upper limit waste falls into the movable discharge pipe 23 and is stuck. The double stroke cylinder 22 moves the upper limit waste to the second station and discharges it into the upper limit waste collection trough 29.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] Based on Example 2, this example discloses:

[0040] like Figure 4-7 As shown, the movable discharge pipe 23 includes a first docking block 39 and a second docking block 40 arranged opposite each other. Semicircular grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40. The two semicircular grooves connect to form the pipe hole 41 of the movable discharge pipe. A horizontal slot 43 is also formed between the opposite surfaces of the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40. A return spring 44 is connected between the opposite slots 43. The outer wall of the first docking block 39 facing the double-stroke cylinder 22 is connected to the end of the piston rod of the double-stroke cylinder 22 via a guide rod 36. A reset spring rod 20 is provided on the outer surface of the two docking blocks 40 and opposite to the guide rod 36. The structure of the reset spring rod 20 satisfies the following condition: when the double-stroke cylinder 22 pulls the movable discharge pipe 23 above the upper limit waste collection tank 29, the reset spring rod 20 reaches the extension limit, the reset spring 44 is stretched, the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40 are pulled apart, and the upper limit waste is discharged into the upper limit waste collection tank 29. When the movable discharge pipe 23 returns to the first working position, the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40 are tightly abutted under the tension of the reset spring 44.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] Based on Example 3, this example discloses:

[0043] like Figure 4-6 As shown, a top plate 38 is provided above the movable discharge pipe 23, and the discharge port 37 passes through the top plate 38. The fixed end of the double-stroke cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate. A guide plate 42 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top plate 38. The guide rod 36 passes through the guide plate 42 and is slidably connected to the guide plate 42. A connecting plate 34 is fixedly connected to the end of the reset spring rod 20 away from the second docking block 40. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top plate 38. A space sensor 28 is embedded on the outer wall of the main material channel below the movable discharge pipe 23. The space sensor is used to detect the space information in the main material channel. When the movable discharge pipe 23 is in the second working position, the second docking block 40 blocks the main material channel and the discharge port.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] Based on Example 4, this example discloses:

[0046] like Figure 1-5As shown in Figure 8, a hopper 1 is fixedly installed above the top plate 38. A discharge pipe 14 is connected to the bottom of the hopper 1. A force transmission plate 6 is connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe 14. A wheel vibrator 18 is installed at the lower end of the force transmission plate. A vibrator drive wheel (not marked in the figure) is installed at the bottom of the wheel vibrator 18. The central shaft of the vibrator drive wheel is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate 38 via a fixed seat (not marked in the figure). The vibrator drive wheel is connected to a transmission wheel 16 via a transmission belt 21. The central shaft of the transmission wheel 16 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate 38. The transmission wheel 16 is connected to a main drive wheel 2 via a transmission belt. The screening channel 45 is formed by the mating of two sets of upper limit screening inserts 32. A semi-channel is opened on the inner surface of each set of upper limit screening inserts. The two semi-channels are mated to form the screening channel 45. A mating groove 46 is also provided between the opposing surfaces of the two sets of upper limit screening inserts 32. One set of upper limit inserts... A reset elastic rod 47 is provided in the docking groove 46. The length of the upper limit insert with the reset elastic rod 47 is greater than the length of the other set of upper limit inserts, and both ends extend outward beyond the ends of the other set of upper limit inserts. Electromagnetic attraction devices 15 are respectively arranged at both ends of the shorter set of upper limit inserts. The electromagnetic attraction devices 15 cooperate with the longer upper limit insert 32-1. In the initial state, the reset elastic rod 47 is stuck in the docking groove 46 on the opposite side, and the two sets of upper limit inserts 32 are tightly fitted. The bottom end of the longer upper limit insert 32-1 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the top plate 38 through the linear guide rail 48, and the shorter upper limit insert 32-2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the top plate 38. When it is necessary to release the stuck waste material exceeding the upper limit, the electromagnetic attraction device 15 is de-energized, and the longer upper limit insert 32-1 and the shorter upper limit insert 32-2 are separated from each other under the elastic force of the reset elastic rod 47, that is, the aperture of the screening channel increases instantaneously, and the waste material exceeding the upper limit is released.

[0047] Example 6

[0048] Based on Example 5, this example discloses:

[0049] Preferably, a workbench 13 is provided below the top plate 38. The axle 3 of the main drive wheel 2 passes through the top plate 38 longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the top plate 38. A variable frequency drive motor 5 is provided at the upper end of the workbench 13. The bottom end of the axle 3 is fixedly connected to the top end of the output shaft of the variable frequency drive motor 5. The inner diameter control unit of the wheel-type screen hole includes a fixed disk 4 coaxially fixedly connected to the axle 3 below the top plate 38. A plurality of evenly distributed elastic mimicry inserts 27 are embedded on the fixed disk 4. The elastic mimicry inserts 27 are tubular structures with an elastic layer on the inner wall of the tubular structure. The inner diameter of the elastic layer is such that it just holds the material that meets the specified size, while allowing the waste material below the lower limit to pass through. Driven by the axle 3, each elastic mimicry insert 27 sequentially connects to the bottom of the main material channel 31. The lower end of the elastic mimicry insert 27, which is vertically opposite to the lower end of the main material channel 31, is provided with a lower limit waste collection trough (not shown in the figure, but refer to the upper limit waste collection trough). The bottom end of the lower limit waste collection trough is connected to a lower limit waste discharge pipe 11. On the lower surface of the top plate 38 on one side of the main material channel 31, a top feeder 25 is also fixedly connected longitudinally. The top feeder 25 includes an electrically controlled telescopic device 8 and a pin connected to the bottom end of the electrically controlled telescopic device 8. The pin pushes out the material stuck in the elastic mimicry insert 27. The lower end of the elastic mimicry insert 27, which is opposite to the pin, is also provided with a material collection pipe 9. The material collection pipe 9 transports the qualified material to the designated position. During the process of the variable frequency drive motor 5 driving the fixed disk to rotate, the material screening and collection and the drive of the wheel vibrator are realized at the same time. The electrically controlled telescopic device can be a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric cylinder, electric push rod, or other mechanical structure that can realize the relevant functions.

[0050] Example 7

[0051] Based on Example 6, this example discloses:

[0052] like Figure 1-5 As shown, it also includes a main control mechanism. The empty space sensor 28, the variable frequency drive motor 5, the electric telescopic device, the electromagnetic attraction device 15, and the double-stroke cylinder 22 are all electrically connected to the main control mechanism. The active mechanism is connected to a power module.

[0053] Example 8

[0054] Based on Example 7, this example discloses:

[0055] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the upper limit screening insert 32 and the elastic mimicry insert 27 are available in various models according to the difference in the outer diameter of the material. The upper limit screening insert 32 is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the top plate 38, and the elastic mimicry insert 27 is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed plate 4.

[0056] Example 9

[0057] Based on Example 8, this example discloses:

[0058] A method for screening materials of different diameters, using a material screening device of different diameters, includes the following steps:

[0059] (1) The material is fed through the hopper 1 and the wheel vibrator 18 vibrates continuously to adjust the posture and orientation of the material so that the material can pass smoothly through the discharge pipe 14 and enter the screening channel 45.

[0060] (2) When the material meets the specified size, it falls into the elastic mimicry insert 27 through the screening channel 45, the movable discharge pipe 23, and the main material channel 31 and is stuck; the stuck material is rotated to a set angle under the drive of the variable frequency drive motor, and is pushed out to the material collection pipe 9 under the action of the ejector 25, and is transported to the designated position along the material collection pipe 9; while the waste material that is not stuck enters the waste material collection tank and is discharged to the designated position along the waste material discharge pipe.

[0061] (3) When waste exceeding the upper limit occurs, the waste exceeding the upper limit is stuck in the screening channel 45. The empty space sensor 28 detects the empty space information. Under the control of the main control mechanism, the electromagnetic attraction device 15 is de-energized, the screening channel 45 expands, and the waste exceeding the upper limit falls on the movable discharge pipe 23 and is stuck. The double-stroke cylinder 22 is activated, pulling the movable discharge pipe above the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank. The reset spring rod reaches the extension limit, the reset spring is stretched, the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40 are pulled apart, the waste exceeding the upper limit is discharged into the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank and discharged into the designated position along the waste exceeding the upper limit discharge pipe. At the same time, the electromagnetic attraction device 15 is energized, the screening channel 45 is reset, the movable discharge pipe 23 returns to the first station, the first docking block 39 and the second docking block 40 are tightly abutted, and the screening channel 45 is connected to the main material channel 31.

[0062] (4) Repeat steps (1)-(3) to achieve radial screening of materials that meet the specified size and waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits.

Claims

1. A screening device for materials of different diameters, characterized in that: The system includes a primary screening mechanism for removing waste exceeding the radial dimension (i.e., upper limit waste) and a secondary screening mechanism for removing waste smaller than the radial dimension (i.e., lower limit waste). The primary screening mechanism is connected to the secondary screening mechanism via a main material channel. The primary screening mechanism has a screening channel for material passage and a screen aperture control unit for controlling the aperture of the screening channel. The screen aperture control unit only allows materials with radial dimensions meeting the specified requirements or materials exceeding the lower limit to pass through during material screening. When upper limit waste passes through the screening channel, it is blocked. The screen aperture control unit removes the upper limit waste by instantaneously expanding the aperture of the screening channel. The secondary screening mechanism has a wheel-type screen aperture inner diameter control unit with an elastic mimicry insert. The elastic mimicry insert is used to block materials with the specified dimensions and remove lower limit waste. The screening channel is connected to a discharge port at its lower end. A movable discharge pipe is provided between the discharge port and the main material channel. In the initial state, the movable discharge pipe, the discharge port, and the main material channel are coaxially aligned. The screening channel and the main material channel are connected by the movable discharge pipe, and the inner diameter of the movable discharge pipe is the same as that of the screening channel. A double-stroke cylinder is provided on one side of the movable discharge pipe. The piston rod end of the double-stroke cylinder is connected to the side wall of the movable discharge pipe. Under the control of the double-stroke cylinder, the movable discharge pipe moves between the first and second positions. The movement between workstations: the first workstation refers to the position where the movable discharge pipe connects the outlet to the main material channel. The main material channel is also equipped with an over-limit waste collection trough on one side. The lower end of the over-limit waste collection trough is connected to the over-limit waste discharge pipe. The second workstation refers to the position of the upper end of the over-limit waste collection trough. When the screen aperture control unit instantly expands the aperture of the screening channel, the over-limit waste falls into the movable discharge pipe and gets stuck. The double-stroke cylinder moves the over-limit waste to the second workstation and discharges it into the over-limit waste collection trough.

2. A radial material screening device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable discharge pipe includes a first docking block and a second docking block arranged opposite each other. Semicircular grooves are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the first and second docking blocks. The two semicircular grooves connect to form the pipe hole of the movable discharge pipe. A horizontal slot is also formed between the opposite surfaces of the first and second docking blocks. A return spring is connected between the opposite slots. The outer wall of the first docking block facing the double-stroke cylinder is connected to the end of the piston rod of the double-stroke cylinder via a guide rod. A return spring rod is located on the outer surface of the second docking block and opposite to the guide rod. The structure of the return spring rod satisfies the following condition: when the double-stroke cylinder pulls the movable discharge pipe above the upper limit waste collection trough, the return spring rod reaches its elongation limit, the return spring is stretched, the first and second docking blocks are pulled apart, and the upper limit waste is discharged into the upper limit waste collection trough. When the movable discharge pipe returns to the first working position, the first and second docking blocks are tightly abutted together under the tension of the return spring.

3. A radial material screening device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: The movable discharge pipe is equipped with a top plate, and the discharge port passes through the top plate. The fixed end of the double-stroke cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the top plate. The guide rod passes through the guide plate and is slidably connected to the guide plate. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the reset spring rod away from the second docking block. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top plate. A space sensor is embedded on the outer wall of the main material channel below the movable discharge pipe. The space sensor is used to detect space information in the main material channel. When the movable discharge pipe is in the second working position, the second docking block blocks the main material channel and the discharge port.

4. The material screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hopper is fixedly installed above the top plate. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the hopper. A force transmission plate is connected to the outer wall of the discharge pipe. A wheel vibrator is installed at the lower end of the force transmission plate. A vibrator drive wheel is installed at the bottom of the wheel vibrator. The central shaft of the vibrator drive wheel is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate via a fixed seat. A drive wheel is connected to the vibrator drive wheel via a transmission belt. The central shaft of the drive wheel is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the top plate. The drive wheel is connected to the main drive wheel via a transmission belt. The screening channel is formed by the mating of two sets of upper limit screening inserts. Each set of upper limit screening inserts has a semi-channel on its inner surface. The two semi-channels are mated to form the screening channel. A mating groove is also provided between the opposing surfaces of the two sets of upper limit screening inserts. The upper limit insert of the set is equipped with a reset elastic rod in the docking groove. The length of the upper limit insert with the reset elastic rod is greater than the length of the other set of upper limit inserts, and both ends extend outward beyond the ends of the other set of upper limit inserts. Electromagnetic attraction devices are respectively arranged at both ends of the shorter set of upper limit inserts. The electromagnetic attraction devices cooperate with the longer upper limit inserts. In the initial state, the reset elastic rod is stuck in the docking groove on the opposite side and the two sets of upper limit inserts are tightly fitted. The bottom end of the longer upper limit insert is slidably connected to the upper surface of the top plate through a linear guide rail, and the shorter upper limit insert is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate. When it is necessary to release the stuck over-limit waste material, the electromagnetic attraction device is de-energized, and the longer and shorter upper limit inserts are separated from each other under the elastic force of the reset elastic rod.

5. The material screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A workbench is also provided below the top plate. The axle of the main drive wheel passes through the top plate longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the top plate. A variable frequency drive motor is provided at the upper end of the workbench. The bottom end of the axle is fixedly connected to the top end of the output shaft of the variable frequency drive motor. The inner diameter control unit of the wheel-type screen hole includes a fixed disk coaxially fixedly connected to the axle below the top plate. Several evenly distributed elastic mimicry inserts are embedded in the fixed disk. The elastic mimicry inserts are tubular structures with an elastic layer on the inner wall of the tubular structure. The inner diameter of the elastic layer is such that it just stops the material that meets the specified size, while allowing the waste material below the lower limit to pass through. Under the drive of the axle, each elastic mimicry insert moves sequentially. The lower end of the elastic mimicry insert, which is connected to the bottom of the main material channel and is vertically opposite to the lower end of the main material channel, is provided with a lower limit waste collection trough. The lower end of the lower limit waste collection trough is connected to a lower limit waste discharge pipe. A top feeder is also fixedly connected longitudinally on the lower surface of the top plate on one side of the main material channel. The top feeder includes an electrically controlled telescopic device and a top pin connected to the bottom end of the electrically controlled telescopic device. The top pin pushes out the material stuck in the elastic mimicry insert. The lower end of the elastic mimicry insert, which is opposite to the top pin, is also provided with a material collection pipe. The material collection pipe transports the qualified material to the designated position. During the process of the variable frequency drive motor driving the fixed disk to rotate, the material screening and collection and the drive of the wheel vibrator are realized at the same time.

6. The material screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a main control mechanism. The empty space sensor, variable frequency drive motor, electric telescopic device, electromagnetic attraction device, and double-stroke cylinder are all electrically connected to the main control mechanism, which is connected to a power module.

7. The material screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper limit screening insert and the elastic mimicry insert are available in various models according to the difference in the outer diameter of the material. The upper limit screening insert is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper end of the top plate, and the elastic mimicry insert is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed plate.

8. A method for screening materials of different diameters, characterized in that, The material screening device according to claim 7 comprises the following steps: (1) The material is fed through the hopper and the wheel vibrator vibrates continuously to adjust the posture and orientation of the material so that the material can pass smoothly through the discharge pipe and enter the screening channel. (2) When the material meets the specified size, it falls into the elastic mimic insert through the screening channel, the movable discharge pipe and the main material channel and is stuck; the stuck material is rotated to a set angle under the drive of the variable frequency drive motor, and is pushed out to the material collection pipe under the action of the ejector, and is transported to the designated position along the material collection pipe; while the waste material below the lower limit that is not stuck enters the waste material collection tank below the lower limit and is discharged to the designated position along the waste material discharge pipe below the lower limit. (3) When there is waste exceeding the upper limit, the waste exceeding the upper limit is stuck in the screening channel. The empty space sensor detects the empty space information. Under the control of the main control mechanism, the electromagnetic attraction device is de-energized, the screening channel is expanded, and the waste exceeding the upper limit falls on the movable discharge pipe and is stuck. The double-stroke cylinder is activated to pull the movable discharge pipe above the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank. The reset spring rod reaches the extension limit, the reset spring is stretched, the first docking block and the second docking block are pulled apart, the waste exceeding the upper limit is discharged into the waste exceeding the upper limit collection tank and discharged into the designated position along the waste exceeding the upper limit discharge pipe. At the same time, the electromagnetic attraction device is energized, the screening channel is reset, the movable discharge pipe returns to the first working position, the first docking block and the second docking block are tightly abutted, and the screening channel is connected to the main material channel. (4) Repeat steps (1)-(3) to achieve radial screening of materials that meet the specified size and waste materials exceeding the upper and lower limits.

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