A hinge point automatically switchable two-section arm assembly and engineering machinery

Abstract

The application discloses a two-section arm assembly with automatically switchable hinge points and engineering machinery, wherein the two-section arm assembly with automatically switchable hinge points comprises a front arm body, a front arm body lug plate, a rear arm body, a stepped pin shaft and a connecting rod; the front arm body lug plate is arranged on the lower plane of the front arm body; a plurality of front arm body lug plate hinge point holes are arranged on the front arm body lug plate; hinge point hole sliding grooves are arranged between the front arm body lug plate hinge point holes; the stepped pin shaft comprises sequentially connected first shaft body, first sliding channel body, second shaft body and second sliding channel body; when the stepped pin shaft is in a fully retracted position, the first shaft body and the second shaft body are located in the current front arm body lug plate hinge point hole; when the stepped pin shaft is in a fully pushed-out position, the first sliding channel body and the second sliding channel body are located in the current front arm body lug plate hinge point hole; and in this state, the stepped pin shaft can slide along the hinge point hole sliding grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points and related construction machinery, belonging to the field of excavator technology. Background Technology

[0002] Excavators are crucial construction equipment in the engineering and construction field, widely used in municipal construction, mining, ditch excavation, river dredging, obstacle clearing, lifting and removal, emergency rescue, and other environments. They are characterized by high work efficiency, convenient configuration, and excellent maneuverability. The main work of an excavator is accomplished by its working device structure, and its reachable working range is a very important indicator of the excavator's overall performance. The conventional excavator working device structure consists of three main parts: the boom, the stick, and the bucket. However, in recent years, multi-section working device structures, formed by breaking the boom or stick into two sections, have become increasingly popular in the market. These structures offer flexible and variable working ranges, are easier to transport, and are suitable for construction in confined spaces.

[0003] Currently, the two-section booms of excavators on the market are often controlled by dedicated hydraulic cylinders. However, excavators experience complex force directions. During operation, the boom structure is sometimes subjected to pressure (lifting state) and sometimes to tension (digging state), and the magnitude of these forces is very large. The small chamber of the hydraulic cylinder controlling the effective length of the boom often cannot provide sufficient tension, resulting in limited digging or lifting capacity of the entire machine and significantly increasing manufacturing costs. Alternatively, the equivalent length can be changed by using a single connecting rod hinged to different holes, but this requires additional lifting equipment and manual operation. Switching hinge points is inefficient, dangerous, and requires specialized auxiliary equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a two-section boom assembly and engineering machinery with automatically switchable hinge points, thereby solving the problems of low hinge point switching efficiency and complex operation in existing two-section booms.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points includes a forearm body, a forearm body lug, a rear arm body, a stepped pin, and a connecting rod.

[0007] The forearm body ear plate is set on the lower plane of the forearm body. The forearm body ear plate is provided with several forearm body ear plate hinge point holes, and hinge point hole grooves are provided between the hinge point holes of the forearm body ear plate.

[0008] The stepped pin includes a first shaft body, a first slide body, a second shaft body, and a second slide body connected in sequence;

[0009] The diameter of the hinge point hole of the forearm body ear plate, the diameter of the first shaft and the diameter of the second shaft are D2, the diameter of the first slide body, the diameter of the second slide body and the width of the hinge point hole groove are d, and D2>d;

[0010] The thickness of the forearm body ear plate is t, the width of the first shaft body and the width of the second shaft body are L1, the width of the first slide body is L2, the stroke of the second slide body is L3, L1≤L3, L2≥t;

[0011] The forearm body is hinged to the rear arm body, and one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the forearm body ear plate through a stepped pin, while the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the rear arm body.

[0012] When the stepped pin is in the first position, the first shaft and the second shaft are located in the hinge point hole of the forearm body ear plate;

[0013] When the stepped pin is in the second position, the first slide body and the second slide body are located in the hinge point hole of the forearm body ear plate. In this state, the stepped pin can slide along the slide groove of the hinge point hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned also includes a hydraulic cylinder barrel, which includes a cylinder body and a piston connected to the end of the second slide body. The piston is located inside the cylinder body, and the outer diameter of the cylinder body is D1, where D1 > D2.

[0015] Furthermore, the aforementioned cylinder barrel also includes a cylinder barrel connecting plate, which is connected to the circumferential side of the cylinder barrel body. A stop seat is also provided on the lower plane of the forearm body. The stop seat is parallel to and spaced apart from the forearm body ear plate. The opening end of the cylinder barrel body and the cylinder barrel connecting plate are located between the stop seat and one side of the forearm body ear plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance from the central axis of the aforementioned cylinder body to the lower sealing plate of the forearm body is L4, and the distance from the edge of the cylinder connecting plate to the farthest point of the central axis of the cylinder body is L5, where L5 > L4.

[0017] Furthermore, the cross-section of the aforementioned cylinder connecting plate is trapezoidal.

[0018] Furthermore, a rear arm body ear plate is provided on the lower plane of the aforementioned rear arm body, and a rear arm body ear plate hinge point hole is provided on the rear arm body ear plate. The end of the connecting rod is hinged in the rear arm body ear plate hinge point hole through a rear pin.

[0019] Furthermore, the aforementioned connecting rod has hinge holes at both ends, and connecting rod bushings are provided in the hinge holes.

[0020] Furthermore, both the inner end of the first shaft and both ends of the second shaft are chamfered.

[0021] An engineering machine comprising a two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points, as described above.

[0022] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. A sliding groove structure is adopted, which realizes the change of hinge point position by moving the pin in the sliding groove. A stepped pin and a non-uniform width ear plate hole are used (the width of the hinge point hole and the sliding groove are different). By switching the large diameter end and the small diameter end of the stepped pin, the force requirements and hinge point changes can be met at the same time.

[0024] 2. This invention can automatically adjust the position of the connecting rod hinge point by a single driver operating a handle or button in the cab to meet the requirements of changing the equivalent length of the two-section boom. The process of switching the hinge point is quick and convenient and the operation is safe. Apart from operating the handle or button in the cab, there is no need for manual access to the working environment, nor is there any need for additional lifting equipment or climbing equipment.

[0025] 3. The two-section boom assembly adopts a triangular structure, which is suitable for adjusting the equivalent length of the two-section boom when working under high load and alternating force conditions. The structure is compact, does not occupy the boom body design space, and does not weaken the structural strength of the boom body. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the two-section arm assembly structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Enlarged view at point C;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Sectional view of AA;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the stepped pin of the present invention being pushed out.

[0030] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 1 BB section view;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the cylinder barrel of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped pin shaft of the present invention.

[0033] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 10-Forearm body; 11-Forearm body ear plate; 12-Forearm body ear plate hinge point hole; 13-Hinge point hole groove; 14-Stop seat; 20-Rear arm body; 21-Rear arm body ear plate; 22-Rear arm body ear plate hinge point hole; 30-Cylinder barrel; 31-Cylinder barrel body; 32-Cylinder barrel connecting plate; 40-Stepped pin; 41-First shaft; 42-First slide rail; 43-Second shaft; 44-Second slide rail; 45-Piston; 50-Connecting rod; 51-Connecting rod bushing; 60-Rear pin. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, rather than limitations thereof. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] This embodiment discloses a two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: forearm body 10, forearm body ear plate 11, forearm body ear plate hinge point hole 12, hinge point hole slide groove 13, stop seat 14; rear arm body 20, rear arm body ear plate 21, rear arm body ear plate hinge point hole 22; cylinder barrel 30, cylinder barrel body 31, cylinder barrel connecting plate 32; stepped pin 40, first shaft body 41, first slide rail body 42, second shaft body 43, second slide rail body 44, piston 45; connecting rod 50, connecting rod bushing 51; rear pin 60.

[0037] The forearm body ear plate 11 and the stop seat 14 are arranged parallel to each other on the lower plane of the forearm body 10; the rear arm body ear plate 21 is arranged on the lower plane of the rear arm body 20; as shown Figure 5 As shown, one end of the connecting rod 50 is connected to the rear arm body lug hinge hole 22 of the rear arm body lug 21 via the rear pin 60, as... Figure 6 As shown, the other end of the connecting rod 50 is connected to the hinge point hole 12 of the forearm body ear plate 11 via a stepped pin 40. Connecting rod bushings 51 are provided in the hinge holes at both ends of the connecting rod 50. The piston end of the stepped pin 40 is set inside the cylinder barrel 30. The cylinder barrel 30 is located between the forearm body ear plate 11 and the stop seat 14. The open end of the cylinder barrel 31 and the cylinder barrel connecting plate 32 are located between the stop seat 14 and the forearm body ear plate 11 on one side, ensuring that the gap is small.

[0038] The characteristics of each component are as follows: (1) The forearm body lug plate 11 is made of high-strength steel with a thickness of t, such as Figure 2 As shown, the forearm body ear plate 11 is provided with several forearm body ear plate hinge point holes 12, each with a diameter of D2. The hinge point hole groove 13 is located in the middle of each ear plate hinge point hole and connects each forearm body ear plate hinge point hole 12. The groove width of the hinge point hole groove 13 is d, and the end faces of the forearm body ear plate hinge point holes 12 and the hinge point hole groove 13 are provided with a hardened coating and coated with grease; (2) As Figure 6 As shown, the cylinder barrel 30 includes a cylinder body 31 and a cylinder connecting plate 32, and the cylinder connecting plate 32 is connected to the circumferential side of the cylinder body 31. The outer diameter of the cylinder body 31 is D1. The cylinder body 31 has oil inlet and oil return passages, which are not shown in detail in the figure; (3) As Figure 7As shown, the stepped pin 40 includes a first shaft body 41, a first slide body 42, a second shaft body 43, a second slide body 44, and a piston 45, wherein each part is a cylinder, and as shown... Figure 7 The connections shown are sequential. Combined Figure 3 It can be seen that the diameter of the first shaft 41 and the second shaft 43 is D2 (the same as the diameter of the hinge hole 12 of the forearm body ear plate) and the width is L1. The diameter of the first slide body 42 and the second slide body 44 is d, and the width of the first slide body 42 is L2. The inner side of the first shaft 41 and the second shaft 43 are both chamfered. (4) The cylinder barrel 30 and the stepped pin 40 can form a set of cylinder structures. The stroke of the cylinder structure is L3. The piston rod end includes the second slide body 44 and the piston 45. (5) According to the above description, the relationship between the dimensions is: D1>D2>d, L1≤L3, L2≥t. (6) In addition, the forearm body 10 and the rear arm body 20 are provided with holes and pins for connection with other parts of the machine and the cylinder. At the same time, the necessary cylinder pipelines and their layout are provided. These are all conventional connection structures and are not described here as special features of the present invention.

[0039] According to the aforementioned two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points, after connecting the components as described above, if it is necessary to switch hinge points, the operation can be performed as follows.

[0040] (1) Operate the cylinder handle in the cab to raise the bucket or other implement at the front of the machine and insert the teeth or other parts into the ground. Then fine-tune the other cylinders to reduce the load on each pin of the two-section boom assembly and put it in a relaxed state.

[0041] (2) The handle of the hydraulic cylinder 30 controls the oil inlet to the large chamber. Since the hydraulic cylinder 30 is blocked by the stop seat 14, the stepped pin 40 can be fully pushed out. At this time, the first slide body 42 and the second slide body 44 are exactly aligned with the hinge point hole groove 13. Figure 4 As shown;

[0042] (3) If the linkage 50 is required to switch to the previous hinge point, at this time, slowly operate the handle of the bucket or implement, or other front-end cylinder (hereinafter referred to as bucket cylinder), or make the whole machine move slightly forward, so that the front structure has a tendency to move backward. However, since step (1) makes the tooth tip or other parts insert into the ground, the two-section boom has a tendency to curl under the action of the reaction force. This reaction force will push the stepped pin 40 at the same time, so that the first slide body 42 and the second slide body 44 enter the front hinge point hole slide groove 13. Continue to operate the bucket cylinder in the same direction or slowly lift the entire two-section boom to ensure that the linkage 50 continues to slide forward relative to the forearm body 10 until the first slide body 42 and the second slide body 44 enter the next forearm body ear plate hinge point hole 12.

[0043] (4) Readjust each set of cylinders of the whole machine, raise the bucket or other implements at the front of the whole machine and insert the teeth or other parts into the ground, and reduce the load on each pin of the two-section boom assembly and put it in a relaxed state.

[0044] (5) The handle of the hydraulic cylinder 30 controls the oil inlet to the small chamber. Since the hydraulic cylinder 30 is blocked by the forearm body ear plate 11 (D1>D2), the stepped pin 40 can be fully retracted. Under the guidance of the chamfer, the first shaft 41 and the second shaft 43 can be inserted into the hinge point hole 12 of the current forearm body ear plate, restoring... Figure 3 The state shown;

[0045] (6) Since the hinge position of the connecting rod 50 and the forearm body 10 has been switched, the swing angle between the forearm body 10 and the rear arm body 20 is reduced at this time, and the equivalent length of the two-section arm is also reduced accordingly.

[0046] (7) Similarly, if the connecting rod 50 is required to switch to the next hinge point, on the basis of completing steps (1) and (2), the operation object shown in step (3) can be used to make the front end structure have a tendency to move forward, and to make the first slide body 42 and the second slide body 44 enter the rear hinge point hole slide groove 13, and then complete the remaining steps (4) and (5). At this time, the swing angle between the front arm body 10 and the rear arm body 20 increases, and the equivalent length of the two-section arm also increases accordingly.

[0047] (8) To prevent the stepped pin 40 from moving axially during operation, the small cavity of the boom body should be pressurized while the large cavity should be depressurized during operation. On the other hand, to prevent the stepped pin 40 from rotating within the hinge hole 12 during operation, the distance between the cylinder connecting plate 32 and the lower sealing plate of the forearm body 10 should be relatively close. Figure 2 As shown, after assembly, the distance from the central axis of the cylinder body 31 to the lower sealing plate of the forearm body 10 is denoted as L4, and the distance from the edge of the cylinder connecting plate 32 to the farthest point from the central axis of the cylinder body 31 is denoted as L5. L5 > L4, ensuring that the cylinder connecting plate 32 is obstructed by the lower sealing plate of the forearm body 10 during rotation. Due to the frictional resistance of the piston 45 and the general structure of the cylinder itself, the stepped pin 40 is also restricted from rotating inside the cylinder. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cylinder connecting plate 32 is designed in a trapezoidal shape.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment discloses an engineering machine, including the two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points as described in Embodiment 1.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points, characterized in that, It includes the forearm body (10), the forearm body ear plate (11), the rear arm body (20), the stepped pin (40), and the connecting rod (50). The forearm body ear plate (11) is disposed on the lower plane of the forearm body (10). The forearm body ear plate (11) is provided with a plurality of forearm body ear plate hinge point holes (12), and hinge point hole grooves (13) are provided between the forearm body ear plate hinge point holes (12). The stepped pin (40) includes a first shaft (41), a first slide body (42), a second shaft (43), and a second slide body (44) connected in sequence. The diameter of the hinge hole (12) of the forearm body ear plate, the diameter of the first shaft (41) and the diameter of the second shaft (43) are D2, the diameter of the first slide body (42), the diameter of the second slide body (44) and the width of the hinge hole groove (13) are d, and D2 > d; The thickness of the forearm body ear plate (11) is t, the width of the first shaft (41) and the width of the second shaft (43) are L1, the width of the first slide body (42) is L2, the stroke of the second slide body (44) is L3, and L1≤L3, L2≥t; The forearm body (10) is hinged to the front end of the rear arm body (20), and one end of the connecting rod (50) is hinged to the ear plate (11) of the forearm body through a stepped pin (40). The other end of the connecting rod (50) is hinged to the rear arm body (20). When the stepped pin (40) is in the first position, the first shaft (41) and the second shaft (43) are located in the hinge hole (12) of the forearm body ear plate; When the stepped pin (40) is in the second position, the first slide body (42) and the second slide body (44) are located in the hinge point hole (12) of the forearm body ear plate. In this state, the stepped pin (40) can slide along the hinge point hole groove (13).

2. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hydraulic cylinder barrel (30), which includes a cylinder body (31). The end of the second slide body (44) is also connected to a piston (45), which is located inside the cylinder body (31). The outer diameter of the cylinder body (31) is D1, where D1 > D2.

3. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder barrel (30) also includes a cylinder barrel connecting plate (32), which is connected to the circumferential side of the cylinder barrel body (31). A stop seat (14) is also provided on the lower plane of the forearm body (10). The stop seat (14) is parallel to and spaced apart from the forearm body ear plate (11). The opening end of the cylinder barrel body (31) and the cylinder barrel connecting plate (32) are located between the stop seat (14) and the forearm body ear plate (11) on one side.

4. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance from the central axis of the cylinder body (31) to the lower sealing plate of the forearm body (10) is L4, and the distance from the edge of the cylinder connecting plate (32) to the central axis of the cylinder body (31) is L5, where L5 > L4.

5. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the cylinder connecting plate (32) is trapezoidal.

6. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower plane of the rear arm body (20) is provided with a rear arm body ear plate (21), and the rear arm body ear plate (21) is provided with a rear arm body ear plate hinge hole (22). The end of the connecting rod (50) is hinged in the rear arm body ear plate hinge hole (22) through a rear pin (60).

7. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (50) has hinge holes at both ends, and a connecting rod bushing (51) is provided in the hinge holes.

8. The two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner end of the first shaft (41) and both ends of the second shaft (43) are chamfered.

9. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, Includes a two-section boom assembly with automatically switchable hinge points as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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