A method of dredging and a dredging apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a dredging method and a dredging device, and belongs to the technical field of river dredging. The dredging method comprises the following steps: S1, moving a dredging boat at a dredging position, the dredging boat is used to slide a dredging plow on the silt by pulling a towing rope; S2, stopping the dredging boat in the sliding range of the dredging plow, and inserting a fixing pile into the silt to keep the dredging boat stationary; and S3, starting a dredging structure on the dredging boat, one end of the dredging structure is inserted into the silt to suck the silt. In the application, the dredging boat is used to drag the dredging plow to break the net-shaped garbage on the silt surface and the silt, and then the dredging structure on the dredging boat is used to suck the silt and the garbage, the silt and the garbage after being sucked are separated in a separator, and the silt is sprayed to a river bank through a spray pipe on a transport boat after being separated. Before being sucked, the silt and the garbage on the silt surface are broken by the dredging plow, so that the problem that the dredging structure is blocked by the garbage during the sucking process can be further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dredging method and equipment, belonging to the field of river dredging technology. Background Technology

[0002] Silt in riverbeds is usually removed using dredging vessels. When the dredging vessels are full of silt, the silt needs to be transferred a second time. After the second transfer, the silt is mostly disposed of by landfill. However, because the landfill piles of silt are located over long distances, the transportation costs of the second transfer of silt increase, which presents certain problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dredging method and dredging equipment, which solves the problem of increased transportation costs for secondary transfer of silt due to the long distance of silt landfill and stockpiling in the prior art.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a dredging method, the method comprising...

[0005] S1: Use a dredging vessel to move around the dredging site. The dredging vessel slides its dredging plow blades on the silt by pulling a tow rope.

[0006] S2: Use the dredging vessel to remain within the sliding range of the dredging plow blades, and use anchor piles inserted into the silt to keep the dredging vessel stationary.

[0007] S3: Activate the suction dredger on the dredging vessel. One end of the suction dredger is inserted into the silt to suck up the silt.

[0008] S4: The sludge sucked up by the suction structure is transported through pipelines to the separator on the screening vessel to screen the garbage and sludge.

[0009] S5: The sludge after being screened by the separator is transported to the transport ship through pipelines and sprayed out through nozzles.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a silt-breaking vessel is first used to tow a silt-breaking plow to break up the net-like debris and silt on the surface of the silt. Then, the suction chute on the dredging vessel is used to pump out the silt and debris. The pumped-out silt and debris enter a separator for separation. After separation, the silt is sprayed onto the riverbank through a nozzle on a transport vessel. The entire process has high cleaning efficiency, and using a silt-breaking plow to break up the silt and debris on the surface of the silt before pumping can further reduce the problem of the suction chute being blocked by debris during the pumping process. At the same time, transporting the separated silt through pipelines will not affect urban road traffic, and the transportation cost is low.

[0011] A dredging device for a dredging method, comprising a suction chute structure.

[0012] The installation unit is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel.

[0013] The regulating pipe is installed on the side of the installation section away from the dredging vessel.

[0014] The suspension assembly is fixedly installed on the dredging vessel and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the regulating pipe.

[0015] The mud suction pipe is fixed at the end of the regulating pipe furthest from the installation part, and is connected to the regulating pipe.

[0016] The sluice head is installed at the end of the sludge suction pipe furthest from the regulating pipe, and is coaxially arranged with the sludge suction pipe.

[0017] The cutter head is fixed to the suction head.

[0018] The drive element is installed inside the suction head.

[0019] The drive element drives the sluice head to rotate at the end of the sludge suction pipe, the suspension assembly keeps the regulating pipe in a horizontal and stationary state, and the cutter follows the rotation of the sluice head and disturbs the sludge.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving element drives the sluice head to rotate. At this time, the sluice head drives the sluice blade to rotate. During the suction process, the sluice blade breaks up large volumes of sludge and large volumes of garbage and then sucks them up, which further avoids the blockage of the sludge suction pipe and the regulating pipe, promotes the smooth progress of the dredging process, and helps to improve the dredging efficiency.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the hanging assembly includes

[0022] The suspended structure is fixed to the dredging vessel.

[0023] The lifting block is fixed to the opposite outer side of the regulating pipe.

[0024] The hoisting steel cable is fixed to the hoisting block, and the other end of the hoisting steel cable extends to the hanging structure, which is used to adjust the length of the hoisting steel cable.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the regulating pipe is connected to the hanging structure by a hoisting steel cable. After the connection, the hoisting steel cable will deform under pressure, and the regulating pipe can still move slightly. This makes it easier for the regulating pipe to move during use, which is conducive to changing the suction position of the mud suction pipe and expanding the suction range.

[0026] The present invention is further configured such that: the mounting part includes

[0027] Adjustable blocks are fixedly connected to the dredging vessel, and the adjustable blocks have openings on them.

[0028] A sliding cavity, within which a sliding connecting block is slidably disposed.

[0029] The conveying pipe has one end fixedly connected to the sliding connecting block, and the other end of the conveying pipe is connected to the separator.

[0030] A flexible connecting pipe is installed at the end of the regulating pipe furthest from the sludge suction pipe. The flexible connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the sliding connecting block and communicates with the conveying pipe.

[0031] The adjustment structure has at least two parts, symmetrically mounted on the adjustment block about the adjustment pipe, and the adjustment structure is connected to the adjustment pipe.

[0032] The adjustment structure allows the adjustment tube to be rotated horizontally along the flexible connecting tube to adjust the axial direction of the auger.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, since the adjusting block is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel, the sliding connecting block can be adjusted to slide in the sliding cavity. After the dredging vessel is fixed to the riverbed by the fixed pile, the relative position of the adjusting pipe can be adjusted slightly, thereby adjusting the suction position of the dredging pipe. This improves the convenience of adjusting the suction position and reduces the control of the dredging vessel's dwell accuracy.

[0034] The present invention is further configured such that: the adjusting structure includes

[0035] The support arm is fixed to the adjusting block.

[0036] The rotating shaft is mounted on the support arm.

[0037] The reel is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0038] The drive motor is fixed to the support arm and is axially connected to the rotating shaft.

[0039] The rope is wound around the reel, with one end of the rope passing through the adjusting block and fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting tube.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drive motor starts, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the winding wheel to rotate. As the winding wheel rotates, the rope can be wound onto or unwound from the winding wheel. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor, the length of the rope not wound onto the winding wheel can be controlled. When it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the adjusting tube, the rope on one side is tightened to wind onto the winding wheel. At this time, under the action of tension, the adjusting tube squeezes the flexible connecting tube on one side, causing the flexible connecting tube to deform. During this process, the hoisting steel cable only provides tension to keep the adjusting tube horizontal. Since the hoisting steel cable is flexible, the adjusting tube can be smoothly rotated, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the orientation of the adjusting tube.

[0041] The invention is further configured such that: an auxiliary structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the auger blade mounting head, the auxiliary structure including...

[0042] The auxiliary plate extends in the same direction as the reamer.

[0043] A metal strip is fixed at one end to the inside of the adjusting tube, and the other end of the metal strip extends to the inside of the auxiliary plate.

[0044] The connecting plate is fixed to one end of the fixing metal strip that extends to the inside of the auxiliary piece.

[0045] The threaded hole is located on the axis of rotation of the suction head, on the connecting plate.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the auger and auxiliary plates rotate during the rotation of the suction head, so that the sludge and garbage entering the sludge suction pipe can be impacted twice by the auger and auxiliary plates, further breaking up the sludge and garbage clumps, further preventing the accumulating sludge and garbage clumps from clogging the sludge suction pipe, and ensuring the stability of sludge suction and dredging.

[0047] The present invention is further configured such that: the same number of auger, auxiliary plate and fixed metal strip are provided, the end of the fixed metal strip away from the adjusting tube is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the end of the auxiliary plate away from the auger head is detachably fixedly connected to the threaded hole by bolts.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, when the auxiliary plate is not connected to the connecting plate by bolts, the auxiliary plate is in a free state. At this time, the auxiliary plate can perform secondary impact on the suctioned sludge and garbage, thereby further breaking up the sludge and garbage clumps. When the auxiliary plate is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts and threaded connection, the inner surface of the auxiliary plate is in contact with the outer surface of the fixed metal strip. During the rotation of the suction head, the fixed metal strip remains stationary, and the auxiliary plate rotates with the suction head. When the auxiliary plate passes the fixed metal strip, the auxiliary plate and the fixed metal strip form a shearing structure. When the garbage enters the shearing structure, it is cut off by the staggered shearing of the auxiliary plate and the fixed metal strip, thereby reducing the volume of garbage and preventing garbage from entering the sludge suction pipe and causing blockage.

[0049] The invention is further configured as follows: an extension plate extending toward the sludge suction pipe is fixed on the adjusting block; a first hinge rod is hinged to the extension plate; the first hinge rod is horizontally rotated along the hinge end of the extension plate; a second hinge rod is hinged to the end of the first hinge rod away from the extension plate; an auxiliary silt-breaking knife is fixed to the end of the second hinge rod away from the first hinge rod; the second hinge rod is vertically rotated along the hinge end of the first hinge rod; a synchronous support rod is fixedly connected between the first hinge rod and the sludge suction pipe; and a positioning structure is provided at the hinge point between the second hinge rod and the first hinge rod.

[0050] By adopting the above technical solution, under the constraint of the positioning structure, the second hinge rod and the first hinge rod are rigidly connected. At this time, when the above-mentioned adjusting pipe moves along the flexible connecting pipe, it drives the sludge suction pipe to move. The sludge suction pipe drives the first hinge rod to flip along the hinge of the extension plate through the synchronous support rod, thereby driving the auxiliary sludge breaking blade to change its orientation through the second hinge rod. During the movement of the auxiliary sludge breaking blade, it can further break up the sludge and the net-like debris in the sludge or make the net-like debris wrap around the auxiliary sludge breaking blade. At this time, it can avoid the net-like debris from completely wrapping around the auger and affecting the use of the auger or entering the sludge suction pipe and blocking the sludge suction pipe, thus further ensuring the normal progress of dredging.

[0051] The present invention is further configured such that: the positioning structure includes

[0052] The positioning hole allows the first hinge rod to pass horizontally through it, and the second hinge rod has a limiting hole that can be aligned axially with the positioning hole.

[0053] The positioning pin is detachably inserted into the positioning hole, with its end extending into the limiting hole.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, after aligning the limiting hole with the positioning hole opening and inserting the positioning pin, the second hinge rod and the first hinge rod cannot be flipped along the hinge point, thus ensuring the stability of the second hinge rod during use. When disassembling and storing, the positioning pin can be pulled out and the first and second hinge rods can be folded and stored, which helps to reduce the space occupied.

[0055] The present invention is further configured such that an auxiliary silt-clearing side plate is fixed on the outer side of the auxiliary silt-clearing blade.

[0056] By adopting the above technical solution, the auxiliary silt-breaking side plate enables the auxiliary silt-breaking blade to break through the silt more easily during horizontal movement.

[0057] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0058] 1. First, a silt-breaking boat is used to tow the silt-breaking plow blades to break up the net-like debris and silt on the surface of the silt. Then, the suction chute on the dredging boat is used to pump out the silt and debris. The pumped-out silt and debris enter the separator for separation. After separation, the silt is sprayed onto the riverbank through the nozzles on the transport boat. The whole process has a high cleaning efficiency, and using the silt-breaking plow blades to break up the silt and debris on the surface of the silt before pumping can further reduce the problem of the suction chute being blocked by debris during the pumping process.

[0059] 2. The driving element drives the sluice head to rotate. At this time, the sluice head drives the cutter to rotate. During the suction process, the cutter breaks up large volumes of sludge and large volumes of garbage and then sucks them up, which further avoids the blockage of the sludge suction pipe and the regulating pipe, promotes the smooth progress of the dredging process, and helps to improve the dredging efficiency.

[0060] 3. During the rotation of the suction head, the auger and auxiliary blades are driven to rotate, so that the sludge and garbage entering the sludge suction pipe can be impacted twice by the auger and auxiliary blades, further breaking up the sludge and garbage clumps, further preventing the sludge and garbage clumps from clogging the sludge suction pipe, and ensuring the stability of the sludge suction and dredging.

[0061] 4. When the auxiliary plate is not connected to the connecting plate by bolts, the auxiliary plate is in a free state. At this time, the auxiliary plate can perform secondary impact on the suctioned sludge and garbage to further break up the sludge and garbage clumps. When the auxiliary plate is fixed to the connecting plate by bolts and threaded connection, the inner surface of the auxiliary plate is in contact with the outer surface of the fixed metal strip. During the rotation of the suction head, the fixed metal strip remains stationary, and the auxiliary plate rotates with the suction head. When the auxiliary plate passes the fixed metal strip, the auxiliary plate and the fixed metal strip form a shearing structure. When the garbage enters the shearing structure, it is cut off by the staggered shearing of the auxiliary plate and the fixed metal strip, thereby reducing the volume of garbage and preventing garbage from entering the sludge suction pipe and causing blockage. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the strangulation structure in this invention;

[0064] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary piece at the suction head in the present invention when it is in a free state;

[0066] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the auxiliary piece at the suction head is installed on the connecting plate in this invention;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the auxiliary piece and the fixed metal strip form a shearing structure in this invention.

[0068] In the diagram: 10. Silt-breaking vessel; 11. Dredging vessel; 12. Screening vessel; 13. Transport vessel; 14. Towing rope; 15. Silt-breaking plow blade; 16. Cutter suction chute; 17. Fixed pile; 18. Separator; 19. Nozzle; 20. Adjusting block; 21. Conveying pipe; 22. Support arm; 23. Drive motor; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Winding reel; 26. Rope; 27. Sliding cavity; 28. Sliding connecting block; 29. ​​Lifting block; 3 0. Hoisting steel cable; 31. Mud pumping pipe; 32. Screw suction head; 33. Adjusting pipe; 34. Flexible connecting pipe; 40. Auxiliary structure; 41. Screw cutter; 42. Auxiliary plate; 43. Fixing metal strip; 44. Connecting plate; 45. Threaded hole; 50. Extension plate; 51. First hinge rod; 52. Second hinge rod; 53. Auxiliary silt-breaking knife; 54. Auxiliary silt-breaking side plate; 55. Synchronous support rod; 57. Positioning hole; 58. Positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0069] To facilitate a clear understanding of the technical means, creative features, objectives, and effects of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the arrows indicate the direction of the dredging process. One dredging method includes...

[0071] S1: The silt-breaking vessel 10, the dredging vessel 11, the screening vessel 12, and the transport vessel 13 are used in series. The series connection is only a sequential connection of the entities and there is no actual connection. First, the silt-breaking vessel 10 is used to move along the dredging area of ​​the river channel. The silt-breaking vessel 10 pulls the towing rope 14 to make the silt-breaking plow blade 15 slide on the silt. During the sliding process, the silt-breaking plow blade 15 breaks the silt at the bottom of the riverbed and breaks up the net-like garbage debris, such as steel wire, fishing net, cloth strips, large woven bags, nylon rope, etc. Using the silt-breaking plow blade 15 to break the silt and the garbage on the silt surface can further reduce the problem of the suction structure 16 being blocked by garbage during the suction process.

[0072] S2: Use the dredging vessel 11 to remain on the water surface within the sliding range of the dredging plow blade 15, and use the fixing pile 17 to insert into the silt to keep the dredging vessel 11 stationary.

[0073] S3: Start the high-power pumps such as the dredging pump on the dredging vessel 11, and simultaneously extract the silt and garbage from the riverbed through the end of the cutter suction structure 16 inserted into the silt.

[0074] S4: The sludge sucked by the suction structure 16 is transported through pipeline to the separator 18 on the screening vessel 12 to screen the garbage and sludge. After the separator 18 separates the sludge and garbage, the garbage is stored in the screening vessel 12, and then the sludge is transported to the transport vessel 13 through pipeline.

[0075] S5: After being screened by separator 18, the sludge is transported to transport vessel 13 via pipeline, and then sprayed into the sludge storage ponds reserved on both sides of the river channel through nozzle 19. In the above process, the pump body spraying the sludge can use a small culvert sludge pump to reduce the pipe blockage rate and wear of the sludge conveying pipe, and there is no need to transfer the sludge from transport vessel 13 to transport vehicles, thus improving the efficiency of dredging.

[0076] like Figure 2-6 As shown, the dredging equipment includes a suction chute structure 16, which comprises a sludge suction pipe 31, a suction head 32, an adjusting pipe 33, a cutter head 41, a mounting section, a hanging assembly, and a drive element. The mounting section is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel 11. The adjusting pipe 33 is installed on the side of the mounting section away from the dredging vessel 11. The hanging assembly is fixedly installed on the dredging vessel 11 and is fixedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting pipe 33. The sludge suction pipe 31 is fixed to the end of the adjusting pipe 33 away from the mounting section and communicates with the adjusting pipe 33. The suction head 32 is installed on the end of the sludge suction pipe 31 away from the adjusting pipe 33 and is coaxially arranged with the sludge suction pipe 31. The cutter head 41 is fixed to the suction head 32, and the drive element is installed inside the suction head 32. The drive element is a high-throughput, low-head mud pump to ensure smooth transport of the dredged material. The driving element drives the sluice head 32 to rotate at the end of the sludge suction pipe 31, the hanging assembly keeps the regulating pipe 33 in a horizontal and stationary state, and the cutter 41 follows the rotation of the sluice head 32 and disturbs the sludge.

[0077] The suspension assembly includes a lifting block 29, a lifting cable 30, and a suspension structure. The suspension structure is fixed to the dredging vessel 11. The suspension structure is a conventional pulley system that controls the length of the lifting cable 30 as it passes over pulleys, allowing it to lengthen or shorten. The lifting block 29 is fixed to the opposite outer side of the adjusting pipe 33. The lifting cable 30 is fixed to the lifting block 29, with its other end extending to the suspension structure. The suspension structure is used to adjust the length of the lifting cable 30. The suspension structure can control the pulley system via a motor, changing the extension length of the lifting cable 30 and thus altering the vertical height of the adjusting pipe 33. The lifting block 29 and the lifting cable 30 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the adjusting pipe 33 to ensure that the adjusting pipe 33 is horizontal.

[0078] like Figure 2-6As shown, the installation unit includes an adjusting block 20, a conveying pipe 21, a flexible connecting pipe 34, and an adjusting structure. The adjusting block 20 is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel 11. A sliding cavity 27 is provided on the adjusting block 20, which passes through the adjusting block 20. The penetrating direction of the sliding cavity 27 extends from the dredging vessel 11 away from it. A sliding connecting block 28 is slidably disposed within the sliding cavity 27. The sliding direction of the sliding connecting block 28 is perpendicular to the two opening directions of the sliding cavity 27. The sliding connecting block 28 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity 27 by bolts. One end of the conveying pipe 21 is fixedly disposed through the sliding connecting block 28, and the other end of the conveying pipe 21 extends to the screening vessel 12 and communicates with the separator 18. The flexible connecting pipe 34 is disposed at the end of the adjusting pipe 33 away from the sludge suction pipe 31. The flexible connecting pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the sliding connecting block 28 and communicates with the conveying pipe 21. At least two adjusting structures are provided, symmetrically mounted on the adjusting block 20 about the adjusting pipe 33, and the adjusting structures are connected to the adjusting pipe 33. The adjustment structure allows the adjustment tube 33 to be horizontally rotated along the flexible connecting tube 34 to adjust the axial direction of the auger 41.

[0079] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the adjustment structure includes a support arm 22, a drive motor 23, a rotating shaft 24, a reel 25, and a rope 26. The support arm 22 is fixed to the adjustment block 20 and extends vertically upwards. The support arm 22 can extend to the dredging vessel 11, or its vertical length may not extend to the dredging vessel 11. The rotating shaft 24 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the support arm 22, with one end extending horizontally. The reel 25 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 24, and the rotating shaft 24 and the reel 25 are coaxially arranged. The drive motor 23 is fixed to the support arm 22 and is axially poweredly connected to the rotating shaft 24, driving the rotating shaft 24 to rotate. When the support arm 22 does not extend to the dredging vessel 11, a waterproof motor should be selected for the drive motor 23, and the wiring of the drive motor 23 should be conventionally waterproofed to ensure that the drive motor 23 can be used underwater. One end of the rope 26 is wound around the reel 25, and the other end of the rope 26 passes through the adjusting block 20 and is fixedly connected to the horizontal outer end face of the adjusting tube 33. The connections of several ropes 26 to the horizontal outer end face of the adjusting tube 33 are symmetrical along the vertical plane of the axis of the adjusting tube 33.

[0080] like Figure 4-6As shown, an auxiliary structure 40 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the auger head 32 where the auger cutter 41 is mounted. The auxiliary structure 40 includes an auxiliary plate 42, a fixing metal strip 43, a connecting plate 44, and a threaded hole 45. The auxiliary plate 42 extends in the same direction as the auger cutter 41. One end of the fixing metal strip 43 is fixed to the inner side of the adjusting tube 33, and the other end of the fixing metal strip 43 extends to the inner side of the auxiliary plate 42. The connecting plate 44 is fixed to the end of the fixing metal strip 43 that extends to the inner side of the auxiliary plate 42. The threaded hole 45 is formed on the connecting plate 44 and is located on the rotation axis of the auger head 32. The auger 41, auxiliary plate 42, and fixing metal strip 43 are provided in equal numbers. The ends of the fixing metal strips 43 furthest from the adjusting tube 33 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 44. The end of the auxiliary plate 42 furthest from the suction head 32 is detachably fixedly connected to the threaded hole 45 by a bolt. The bolt passes through the end of the auxiliary plate 42 and is threaded into the threaded hole 45, thereby bringing the end of the auxiliary plate 42 into contact with the surface of the connecting plate 44, and thus making the auxiliary plate 42 and the fixing metal strip 43 fit and abut against each other. The bolt can be a conventional bolt, screw, or other threaded connector.

[0081] An extension plate 50 extending towards the sludge suction pipe 31 is fixed on the adjusting block 20. A first hinge rod 51 is hinged to the extension plate 50. The first hinge rod 51 rotates horizontally along the hinge end of the extension plate 50. A second hinge rod 52 is hinged to the end of the first hinge rod 51 away from the extension plate 50. An auxiliary sludge-breaking blade 53 is fixed to the end of the second hinge rod 52 away from the first hinge rod 51. An auxiliary sludge-breaking side plate 54 is fixed to the outside of the auxiliary sludge-breaking blade 53. The auxiliary sludge-breaking side plate 54 makes it easier for the auxiliary sludge-breaking blade 53 to break through the sludge during horizontal movement. The second hinge rod 52 rotates vertically along the hinge end of the first hinge rod 51. A synchronous support rod 55 is fixedly connected between the first hinge rod 51 and the sludge suction pipe 31. A positioning structure is provided at the hinge point between the second hinge rod 52 and the first hinge rod 51. The positioning structure includes a positioning hole 57 and a positioning pin 58. The positioning hole 57 horizontally passes through the first hinge rod 51, and the second hinge rod 52 has a limiting hole that can be axially aligned with the positioning hole 57. The positioning pin 58 is detachably inserted into the positioning hole 57, and its end extends into the limiting hole. Several positioning holes 57 are arranged in a circular array at equal angles along the hinge axis of the first hinge rod 51 and the second hinge rod 52. When the positioning pin 58 is inserted into the positioning hole 57 at different positions and into the limiting hole, the included angle between the first hinge rod 51 and the second hinge rod 52 is different.

[0082] The driving element drives the suction head 32 to rotate. At this time, the suction head 32 drives the cutter 41 to rotate. During the suction process, the cutter 41 breaks up large volumes of sludge and large volumes of garbage and then sucks them up, which further avoids the blockage of the sludge suction pipe 31 and the regulating pipe 33, promotes the smooth progress of the dredging process, and helps to improve the dredging efficiency.

[0083] The regulating pipe 33 is connected to the suspension structure via the hoisting steel cable 30. After connection, since the hoisting steel cable 30 does not bear load and deforms under pressure, the regulating pipe 33 can still move slightly. This makes it easier for the regulating pipe 33 to move during use, thereby facilitating the change of the suction position of the dredging pipe 31 and expanding the suction range. Since the regulating block 20 is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel 11, the sliding connecting block 28 can slide within the sliding cavity 27. After the dredging vessel 11 is fixed to the riverbed by the fixing pile 17, the relative position of the regulating pipe 33 can be adjusted slightly, thereby adjusting the suction position of the dredging pipe 31. This improves the ease of adjusting the suction position and reduces the control of the dredging vessel 11's dwell accuracy.

[0084] After the drive motor 23 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 24 to rotate, which in turn drives the winding wheel 25 to rotate. As the winding wheel 25 rotates, the rope 26 can be wound onto or unwound from the winding wheel 25. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the drive motor 23, the length of the rope 26 not wound onto the winding wheel 25 can be controlled. When it is necessary to adjust the orientation of the adjusting tube 33, the rope 26 on one side is tightened to wind onto the winding wheel 25. At this time, under the action of tension, the adjusting tube 33 squeezes the flexible connecting tube 34 on one side, and the flexible connecting tube 34 deforms. During this process, the hoisting cable 30 only provides tension to keep the adjusting tube 33 in a horizontal state. Since the hoisting cable 30 is flexible, the adjusting tube 33 can be smoothly rotated, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the orientation of the adjusting tube 33.

[0085] During the rotation of the suction head 32, the cutter 41 and auxiliary plate 42 are driven to rotate, so that the silt and garbage entering the sludge suction pipe 31 can be impacted twice by the cutter 41 and auxiliary plate 42, further breaking up the silt and garbage clumps, further preventing the clumps of silt and garbage from clogging the sludge suction pipe 31, and ensuring the stability of the suction and sludge removal.

[0086] When the auxiliary plate 42 is not connected to the connecting plate 44 by bolts, the auxiliary plate 42 is in a free state. At this time, the auxiliary plate 42 can perform secondary impact on the sucked sludge and garbage to further break up the sludge and garbage clumps. When the auxiliary plate 42 is fixed to the connecting plate 44 by bolts and threaded connection to the threaded hole 45, the inner surface of the auxiliary plate 42 is in contact with the outer surface of the fixed metal strip 43. During the rotation of the suction head 32, the fixed metal strip 43 remains stationary, and the auxiliary plate 42 rotates with the suction head 32. When the auxiliary plate 42 passes the fixed metal strip 43, the auxiliary plate 42 and the fixed metal strip 43 form a shearing structure. When the garbage enters the shearing structure, the garbage is cut off by the staggered shearing of the auxiliary plate 42 and the fixed metal strip 43, thereby reducing the volume of garbage and preventing garbage from entering the sludge suction pipe 31 and causing blockage. Under the constraint of the positioning structure, the second hinge rod 52 and the first hinge rod 51 are rigidly connected. At this time, when the above-mentioned adjusting pipe 33 moves along the flexible connecting pipe 34, it drives the sludge suction pipe 31 to move. The sludge suction pipe 31 drives the first hinge rod 51 to flip along the hinge of the extension plate 50 through the synchronous support rod 55. Thus, the second hinge rod 52 drives the auxiliary sludge breaking blade 53 to change its orientation. During the movement of the auxiliary sludge breaking blade 53, it can further break up the sludge and the net-like debris in the sludge or make the net-like debris wrap around the auxiliary sludge breaking blade 53. At this time, it can avoid the net-like debris from completely wrapping around the auger 41 and affecting the use of the auger 41 or entering the sludge suction pipe 31 and blocking the sludge suction pipe 31, thus further ensuring the normal progress of dredging.

[0087] Aligning the limiting hole with the opening of the positioning hole 57 and inserting the positioning pin 58 prevents the second hinge rod 52 and the first hinge rod 51 from flipping along the hinge, thus ensuring the stability of the second hinge rod 52 during use. When disassembling and storing, simply pull out the positioning pin 58 and fold the first hinge rod 51 and the second hinge rod 52 for storage, which helps to reduce the space occupied.

[0088] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dredging device, characterized in that: Includes a suction structure (16). The suction structure (16) includes: The installation unit is fixedly connected to the dredging vessel (11). The regulating pipe (33) is installed on the side of the installation unit away from the dredging vessel (11). The hanging assembly is fixedly installed on the dredging vessel (11), and the hanging assembly is fixedly connected to the outer side of the regulating pipe (33). The mud suction pipe (31) is fixed at the end of the regulating pipe (33) away from the installation part, and the mud suction pipe (31) is connected to the regulating pipe (33). The suction head (32) is installed at the end of the sludge suction pipe (31) away from the regulating pipe (33). The suction head (32) and the sludge suction pipe (31) are coaxially arranged. The auger (41) is fixed to the suction head (32). The drive element is installed inside the suction head (32). Among them, the driving element drives the sluice head (32) to rotate at the end of the sludge suction pipe (31), the hanging assembly keeps the regulating pipe (33) in a horizontal and static state, and the cutter (41) follows the sluice head (32) to rotate and disturb the sludge; An auxiliary structure (40) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the suction head (32) where the auger (41) is installed. The auxiliary structure (40) includes... The auxiliary piece (42) extends in the same direction as the reamer (41). A fixed metal strip (43) is fixed at one end to the inside of the adjusting tube (33), and the other end of the fixed metal strip (43) extends to the inside of the auxiliary piece (42). The connecting plate (44) is fixed to one end of the fixed metal strip (43) extending to the inner side of the auxiliary piece (42). A threaded hole (45) is provided on the connecting plate (44), and the threaded hole (45) is located on the rotation axis of the suction head (32); The cutter (41), auxiliary plate (42) and fixed metal strip (43) are provided in the same number of several. The ends of the fixed metal strip (43) away from the regulating tube (33) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (44). The end of the auxiliary plate (42) away from the snagging head (32) is detachably fixedly connected to the threaded hole (45) by bolts. The dredging method of the dredging equipment includes: S1: Using a dredging vessel (10), move the vessel (10) to the dredging site. The dredging vessel (10) slides the dredging plow (15) on the silt by pulling the towing rope (14). S2: Use the dredging vessel (11) to remain within the sliding range of the dredging plow (15), and use the anchoring stakes (17) inserted into the silt to keep the dredging vessel (11) stationary. S3: Activate the suction chute (16) on the dredging vessel (11). Insert one end of the suction chute (16) into the silt to suck up the silt. S4: The sludge sucked by the suction structure (16) is transported through pipelines to the separator (18) on the screening vessel (12) for screening of garbage and sludge. S5: The sludge after being screened by the separator (18) is transported through pipeline to the transport ship (13) and sprayed out through the nozzle (19).

2. The dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hanging components include The suspension structure is fixed to the dredging vessel (11). The lifting block (29) is fixed to the opposite outer side of the adjusting pipe (33). The hoisting cable (30) is fixed on the hoisting block (29), and the other end of the hoisting cable (30) extends to the hanging structure, which is used to adjust the length of the hoisting cable (30).

3. The dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Installation department includes Adjusting block (20) is fixedly connected to dredging vessel (11), and adjusting block (20) has openings on it. A sliding cavity (27) is provided with a sliding connecting block (28) inside the sliding cavity (27). The conveying pipe (21) is fixedly installed through the sliding connecting block (28) at one end, and the other end of the conveying pipe (21) is connected to the separator (18). A flexible connecting pipe (34) is connected to the end of the regulating pipe (33) away from the sludge suction pipe (31). The flexible connecting pipe (34) is fixedly connected to the sliding connecting block (28) and communicates with the conveying pipe (21). At least two adjustment structures are provided, symmetrically mounted on the adjustment block (20) about the adjustment tube (33), and the adjustment structures are connected to the adjustment tube (33). The adjustment structure causes the adjustment tube (33) to rotate horizontally along the flexible connecting tube (34) to adjust the axial direction of the auger (41).

4. The dredging equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes The support arm (22) is fixed on the adjusting block (20). The rotating shaft (24) is rotatably mounted on the support arm (22). The winding reel (25) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (24). The drive motor (23) is fixed on the support arm (22), and the drive motor (23) is axially connected to the rotating shaft (24). A rope (26) is wound around a reel (25), with one end of the rope (26) passing through an adjusting block (20) and fixedly connected to the outside of an adjusting tube (33).

5. The dredging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension plate (50) extending toward the sludge suction pipe (31) is fixed on the adjusting block (20). A first hinge rod (51) is hinged on the extension plate (50). The first hinge rod (51) rotates horizontally along the hinge end of the extension plate (50). A second hinge rod (52) is hinged to the end of the first hinge rod (51) away from the extension plate (50). An auxiliary silt-breaking knife (53) is fixed to the end of the second hinge rod (52) away from the first hinge rod (51). The second hinge rod (52) rotates vertically along the hinge end of the first hinge rod (51). A synchronous support rod (55) is fixedly connected between the first hinge rod (51) and the sludge suction pipe (31). A positioning structure is provided at the hinge point between the second hinge rod (52) and the first hinge rod (51).

6. The dredging equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Positioning structure includes The positioning hole (57) allows the first hinge rod (51) to pass through horizontally, and the second hinge rod (52) has a limiting hole that can be axially aligned with the positioning hole (57). The positioning pin (58) is detachably inserted into the positioning hole (57), and the end of the positioning pin (58) extends into the limiting hole.

7. A dredging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An auxiliary silt-breaking side plate (54) is fixed to the outside of the auxiliary silt-breaking knife (53).

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