A super-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a super-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace, which comprises a yellow phosphorus electric furnace mainly composed of a furnace body and an electrode group, the cross section of the furnace wall of the furnace body is in the shape of a runway, the electrode group is arranged in the furnace body and is uniformly and evenly distributed in the shape of a runway, the distance between the electrode and the furnace wall is the same, two inlet material openings are symmetrically arranged near each electrode, the electrodes in the electrode group are grouped into three or six, and each group of electrodes is powered by a power supply. Compared with the prior art, the circumferential distribution design of the furnace body and the electrode group in the shape of a runway, the length of the middle furnace body can be randomly lengthened, the number of electrodes can be increased, the production capacity of the yellow phosphorus furnace is no longer limited by the furnace body, and a solid foundation is provided for the construction of a larger production line. Moreover, the electrodes can be powered by 35V transformers, one furnace is provided with multiple transformers, the power of each transformer is not large, and the safety is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of yellow phosphorus preparation, and more particularly to an ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of yellow phosphorus, the production capacity is determined by the electric arc furnace. Previously, three-phase, three-electrode electric arc furnaces with an annual output of 1000 tons were used, but this gradually increased to 10,000-15,000 tons. The 15,000 KVA yellow phosphorus plant in China is a large-capacity electrode electric arc furnace developed from smaller yellow phosphorus plants. It has many advantages: firstly, it retains the advantages of smaller electric arc furnaces, such as a short process flow, simple equipment structure, and convenient operation; secondly, it uses imported 600mm diameter ultra-high power graphite electrodes, changing the situation where large electric arc furnaces could only use self-baking electrodes. More than 30 15,000 KVA electric arc furnaces in China use this process.

[0003] References: Application of three-phase six-electrode in yellow phosphorus electric furnace, Journal of Chemical Technology and Economics, Shu Long, Xu Xianhai, Wan Yuan, Peng Jiuhong. In recent years, my country has developed and designed a set of domestically produced three-phase six-electrode electrodes with a diameter of 500 mm to replace the three-phase three-electrode imported electrodes. This not only solves the problems of difficult and expensive electrode procurement, but also improves the power factor of the electric furnace and the effective utilization rate of the electric furnace. The first three-phase six-electrode 16500KVA yellow phosphorus electric furnace was put into operation in August 1999. After 20 months of production practice, the electrodes have balanced work in the furnace, the electrode rise and fall are average, the furnace gas temperature and the furnace bottom and furnace wall temperatures are stable, the furnace space utilization rate is high, the daily output reaches more than 26 tons, and the annual output is 10,000 tons. The economic indicators are better than those of the three-phase three-electrode system.

[0004] Therefore, in the past two years, three-phase six-electrode yellow phosphorus electric furnaces have been adopted in China, with an annual output of tens of thousands of tons. Moreover, one furnace can only correspond to one transformer. In order to increase production capacity, some places have had to continuously increase the transmission power of transformers, upgrading 35KV transformers to 110KV transformers. High-voltage operation has greatly increased the danger. The current production capacity of 110KV transformers can only be increased to a maximum of 15,000 tons, and cannot be further increased.

[0005] Currently, the annual output of a single large yellow phosphorus furnace is 10,000 tons. If the capacity is to reach 80,000 tons, 8 furnaces are needed. By increasing the electrode power, the output can be increased to about 1.5 tons per furnace. The way to increase yellow phosphorus output is to increase the electrode power.

[0006] Currently, the main method for increasing production capacity is to upgrade the power of individual transformers, with little research and development focused on the design of yellow phosphorus electric furnaces. This is because yellow phosphorus electric furnaces have always been cylindrical. The circular structure allows the electrodes to be distributed in a ring within the furnace, ensuring uniform heating throughout the furnace during electrode heating. Furthermore, since the electrodes are suspended within the furnace, the circular furnace uses simultaneous feeding from the center and the outer perimeter of the electrodes, ensuring even feeding on both sides and preventing electrode skew. Therefore, the cylindrical furnace structure has remained in use to this day without a better design. However, this structure has a significant drawback: for higher-volume yellow phosphorus production, the cylindrical structure cannot be expanded further, requiring the addition of another furnace. Adding an additional furnace necessitates adding another production line, increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace that solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace, comprising a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, the yellow phosphorus electric furnace mainly composed of a furnace body and an electrode assembly. The furnace body is composed of three parts: a left furnace body, a middle furnace body, and a right furnace body. The cross-section of the furnace wall of the furnace body is racetrack-shaped. The cross-sections of the left and right furnace bodies are semi-circular, and the cross-section of the middle furnace body is square. An electrode assembly is provided inside the furnace body. The electrode assembly consists of several electrodes, which are evenly spaced in a racetrack shape within the furnace body. The electrodes are vertically arranged inside the furnace body, and the distance between the electrodes and the furnace wall is the same. Several furnace gas outlets and several feed inlets are provided on the top of the furnace body. Two feed inlets are symmetrically arranged near each electrode. One feed inlet is located inside the electrode assembly, and the other feed inlet is located outside the electrode assembly. The electrodes within the electrode assembly are grouped into groups of three or six, and each group of electrodes is powered by a power supply.

[0009] Preferably, the furnace gas outlet is located in the middle of the inner side of the electrode group and is arranged at intervals along the length of the furnace body.

[0010] Preferably, there are three electrodes in the right furnace body, with the center of the right furnace body diameter as the center, one located at the midpoint of the radius at 30°, one at the midpoint of the radius at 90°, and one at the midpoint of the radius at 150°. The two electrodes at the rightmost end of the middle furnace body are located at 330° and 210° respectively.

[0011] The left furnace body has three electrodes, with the center of the left furnace body diameter as the center. One electrode is located at the midpoint of the radius at 210°, one at the midpoint of the radius at 270°, and one at the midpoint of the radius at 330°. The two electrodes at the leftmost end of the middle furnace body are located at 30° and 150° respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the inner layer of the furnace body is a refractory brick protective layer, and the outer layer is an electric furnace shell.

[0013] Preferably, the lower part of the furnace wall and the bottom of the furnace body are provided with a carbon brick protective layer.

[0014] Preferably, a gap is left between the lower end of the electrode and the carbon brick protective layer at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention abandons the existing cylindrical structural design and divides the furnace body into three parts: a left furnace body, a middle furnace body, and a right furnace body. The electrodes in the left and right furnace bodies are distributed in an arc shape, ensuring balanced heating of the left and right furnace bodies. The electrodes in the middle furnace body are arranged in two parallel groups, combined with the electrodes in the left and right furnace bodies to form a racetrack-shaped circumferential distribution design. This design allows for arbitrary lengthening of the middle furnace body, and the number of electrodes that can be arranged can also increase with the length of the middle furnace body. Therefore, the furnace body design can be customized according to production capacity requirements. Thus, the production capacity of the yellow phosphorus furnace is no longer limited by the furnace body, providing a solid foundation for the construction of larger production lines. Moreover, the electrodes can be grouped into groups of 3 or 6, with each group powered by a 35V transformer, enabling multiple transformers to be used in one furnace. The power of each transformer is small, ensuring good safety. Furthermore, the design of the feed inlet and furnace gas outlet positions ensures uniform feeding and exhaust of the furnace body. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Furnace body; 11. Left furnace body; 12. Middle furnace body; 13. Right furnace body; 2. Electrode assembly; 3. Furnace gas outlet; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Electric furnace shell; 6. Refractory brick protective layer; 7. Carbon brick protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The invention will be further described below. A super-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace, see [link to previous description]. Figures 1-3The system includes a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, which mainly consists of a furnace body 1 and an electrode assembly 2. The furnace body 1 is composed of three parts: a left furnace body 11, a middle furnace body 12, and a right furnace body 13. The furnace wall of the furnace body 1 has a racetrack-shaped cross-section, the left furnace body 11 and the right furnace body 13 have semi-circular cross-sections, and the middle furnace body 12 has a square cross-section. The electrode assembly 2 is installed inside the furnace body 1. The electrode assembly 2 consists of several electrodes that are evenly spaced in a racetrack shape within the furnace body 1. The electrodes are vertically positioned within the furnace body 1, and the distance between the electrodes and the furnace wall is uniform to ensure consistent voltage with the carbon brick protective layer 7, thereby balancing the voltage across all parts of the furnace body 1. The heating temperature is uniform. The furnace body 1 has several gas outlets 3 and several feed inlets 4 on the top of the furnace. Two feed inlets are symmetrically arranged near each electrode. One feed inlet 4 is located inside the electrode group 2, and the other feed inlet 4 is located outside the electrode group 2. The feed inlets 4 are designed according to the distribution of the electrodes. Two feed inlets 4 are symmetrically arranged near each electrode. When feeding, the two feed inlets 4 feed at the same time to ensure that the feed at both ends of the electrode is uniform and to avoid the electrode group 2 from tilting due to material accumulation. The electrodes in the electrode group 2 are grouped into groups of three or six. Each group of electrodes is powered by a power supply, which uses a 35V transformer.

[0021] This invention abandons the existing cylindrical structural design, dividing the furnace body 1 into three parts: a left furnace body 11, a middle furnace body 12, and a right furnace body 13. The electrodes in the left and right furnace bodies 11 and 13 are arranged in an arc shape, ensuring balanced heating within each part. The electrodes in the middle furnace body 12 consist of two parallel sets of electrodes, integrated with the electrode groups 2 in the left and right furnace bodies 11 and 13. Both the furnace body 1 and the electrode groups 2 are designed with a racetrack-shaped circumferential distribution. The length of the middle furnace body 12 can be arbitrarily increased, allowing for an increase in the number of electrodes that can be arranged. The furnace body 1 can be designed according to production capacity requirements, thus freeing the yellow phosphorus furnace from capacity limitations and providing a solid foundation for the construction of larger production lines. Furthermore, the electrodes can be grouped into groups of 3 or 6, each group powered by a 35V transformer, enabling multiple transformers to be used with a single furnace. The power of each transformer is relatively low, ensuring good safety.

[0022] The furnace gas outlet 3 is located in the middle of the inner side of the electrode group 2 and is arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the furnace body 1. Since the furnace body 1 is long and narrow, in order to ensure uniform gas flow, multiple furnace gas outlets 3 are provided. The multiple furnace gas outlets 3 in the middle of the inner side of the electrode group 2 can be connected to a furnace gas main pipe through furnace gas pipes.

[0023] As a preferred design: The right furnace body 13 has three electrodes, with the midpoint of its diameter as the center: one at the midpoint of a radius at 30°, one at the midpoint of a radius at 90°, and one at the midpoint of a radius at 150°. The two rightmost electrodes of the middle furnace body 12 are located at 330° and 210° respectively. The left furnace body 11 has three electrodes, with the midpoint of its diameter as the center: one at the midpoint of a radius at 210°, one at the midpoint of a radius at 270°, and one at the midpoint of a radius at 330°. The two leftmost electrodes of the middle furnace body 12 are located at 30° and 150° respectively. See [reference needed]. Figure 1 The furnace body 1 designed in this way can ensure that the electrodes are evenly distributed within the furnace body 1 and can achieve uniform heating of all parts of the furnace body 1. The consistent spacing between the electrodes minimizes mutual interference and avoids localized low temperatures.

[0024] The inner layer of the furnace body 1 is a refractory brick protective layer 6, which serves as heat insulation and protection, while the outer layer is an electric furnace shell 5, which serves as a fixing and shaping function. The lower part of the furnace wall and the bottom of the furnace body 1 are provided with carbon brick protective layers 7. A gap is left between the lower end of the electrode and the carbon brick protective layer 7 at the bottom of the furnace body 1, so that a voltage is generated between the electrode and the electrode, thereby realizing high-temperature heating of yellow phosphorus ore.

[0025] The above provides a detailed description of an ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Modifications and improvements to the present invention are possible without exceeding the concept and scope specified in the appended claims. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace, comprising a yellow phosphorus electric furnace, wherein the yellow phosphorus electric furnace mainly consists of a furnace body and an electrode assembly, characterized in that: The furnace body is composed of three parts: a left furnace body, a middle furnace body, and a right furnace body. The cross-section of the furnace wall is racetrack-shaped. The cross-sections of the left and right furnace bodies are semi-circular, while the cross-section of the middle furnace body is square. Electrode groups are installed inside the furnace body. Each electrode group consists of several electrodes evenly spaced in a racetrack pattern within the furnace body. The right furnace body contains three electrodes: one at the midpoint of a radius at 30°, one at the midpoint of a radius at 90°, and one at the midpoint of a radius at 150°, with the midpoint of the right furnace body's diameter as the center. The two rightmost electrodes in the middle furnace body are located at 330° and 210°, respectively. The left furnace body contains three electrodes, centered on the midpoint of the left furnace body's diameter. One electrode is located at the midpoint of a radius at 210°, another at the midpoint of a radius at 270°, and the third at the midpoint of a radius at 330°. Two electrodes are located at the leftmost end of the central furnace body, one at 30° and the other at 150°. These electrodes are vertically positioned within the furnace body, with equal spacing between them and the furnace wall. The furnace top has several gas outlets and several feed inlets. Two feed inlets are symmetrically located near each electrode, one inside the electrode group and the other outside. Electrodes within each group are arranged in groups of three or six, each group powered by a separate power supply. The gas outlets are located in the middle of the inner side of the electrode group and are spaced apart along the length of the furnace body.

2. The ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner layer of the furnace body is a refractory brick protective layer, and the outer layer is an electric furnace shell.

3. The ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The furnace body has a carbon brick protective layer on the lower part of the furnace wall and the bottom of the furnace body.

4. The ultra-large yellow phosphorus electric furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gap is left between the lower end of the electrode and the carbon brick protective layer at the bottom of the furnace body.

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