A new energy automobile charging wire connector

Abstract

The application discloses a new energy automobile charging wire connector in the field of wire connectors, which comprises a plug and a socket, the socket comprises a connecting seat and a first shell, a heat dissipation cavity is formed in the side wall of the first shell, the heat dissipation cavity is arranged around the side wall of the first shell, a breather pipe is fixedly connected in the heat dissipation cavity, the cross section of the breather pipe is in the shape of a sandglass, annular bimetallic sheets are fixedly connected to the two sides of the breather pipe, a compressed air cavity is formed between the annular bimetallic sheets on the two sides of the breather pipe, the breather pipe is in communication with the connecting cavity and the outside of the first shell, a first compressed air hole is arranged at one end of the breather pipe close to the outer side wall of the first shell, the first compressed air hole is in communication with the inside of the breather pipe and the compressed air cavity, the rest of the heat dissipation cavity is divided into exhaust cavities by the annular bimetallic sheets, and the exhaust cavities are in communication with the outside of the heat dissipation cavity. The application can keep the connecting part of the wire connector in good heat dissipation effect, and avoid line faults or short circuits caused by high temperature of the connecting part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wire connectors, specifically a new energy vehicle charging cable connector. Background Technology

[0002] A charging cable connector for new energy vehicles is a component used to connect circuits, typically consisting of a plug and a socket. Its main functions are to transmit electrical energy and control signals.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous development of new energy vehicle technology, various charging cable connectors have emerged. For example, Chinese patent document CN115732989A describes a new energy vehicle charging cable connector that improves the connection and installation structure of the plug and socket parts, enabling a more stable connection. However, with the increase in charging power of new energy vehicles and the emergence of many fast charging technologies, which transmit greater amounts of electrical energy, the charging cable connector not only needs to maintain good contact and a stable connection between the plug and socket, but also needs heat dissipation to prevent overheating from causing circuit failures or short circuits.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new energy vehicle charging cable connector with good heat dissipation at the plug-socket connection point to ensure the safety of new energy vehicles during charging. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a new energy vehicle charging cable connector that can maintain good heat dissipation at the connection point and prevent overheating at the connection point from causing circuit failure or short circuit.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A new energy vehicle charging cable connector includes a plug and a socket. The socket includes a connector and a first housing. A partition is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first housing. The connector is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition. The partition divides the first housing into a connection cavity and a wiring cavity. A first through hole is provided on the partition, which connects the connection cavity and the wiring cavity. The wiring cavity is connected to the outside of the first housing through a second through hole. A heat dissipation cavity is provided inside the side wall of the first housing. The heat dissipation cavity surrounds the side wall of the first housing. A vent pipe is fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation cavity. The vent pipe has an hourglass-shaped cross-section. Annular bimetallic strips are fixedly connected to both sides of the vent pipe, and a compressed air cavity is formed between the annular bimetallic strips on both sides of the vent pipe. The vent pipe connects the connection cavity to the outside of the first housing. A first compressed air hole is provided at one end of the vent pipe near the outer side wall of the first housing. The first compressed air hole connects the inside of the vent pipe to the compressed air cavity. The remaining area of ​​the heat dissipation cavity is divided into exhaust cavities by the annular bimetallic strips. All exhaust cavities are connected to the outside of the heat dissipation cavity.

[0007] The plug includes a connector and a second housing. A terminal block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connector. The terminal block is rotatably connected to the second housing. After the plug is inserted into the socket, a heat dissipation space is formed between the connector and the inner wall of the first housing.

[0008] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows: After the plug is inserted into the socket, the heat dissipation space between the connector and the inner wall of the first housing is connected to all the vent pipes. At room temperature, the airflow between the vent pipes and the second through hole dissipates heat from the connection cavity and the wiring cavity. During charging, due to the large amount of electrical energy transmitted, the connector will gradually heat up. When the temperature reaches the bimetallic strip deformation temperature, the bimetallic strip deforms. This deformation puts pressure on the air in the compressed air cavity, causing the air in the compressed air cavity to be compressed through the first compression port and discharged into the vent pipe. As the compressed air cavity is discharged, according to the Coanda effect, the vent pipe draws a larger amount of air from outside the first housing into the heat dissipation space, accelerating the airflow in the heat dissipation space and expelling the hot air accumulated inside the connector. This dissipates heat from the connector and the connector seat inside the connector. When the temperature is lower than the bimetallic strip temperature, the bimetallic strip returns to its original shape. When the temperature is too high again, the above process is repeated, thereby continuously dissipating heat from the inside of the connector.

[0009] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, this solution can maintain basic air circulation inside the connector at room temperature. As the connector heats up, a larger amount of air is automatically introduced into the connector, and the air flows rapidly inside the connector to dissipate heat. After heat dissipation is complete and the connector temperature drops, it will return to basic air circulation. Then, after the next temperature rise, a larger amount of air will be introduced into the connector again to dissipate heat. This cycle of heat dissipation is repeated to reduce the connector temperature and prevent circuit faults or short circuits.

[0011] This solution utilizes the small space of the connector to introduce a larger amount of external air into the connector, and the introduced air has a faster flow rate, which improves the heat dissipation effect of the connector. Through special design, the heat generated by the connector during operation can be dissipated quickly and effectively, avoiding heat accumulation.

[0012] Furthermore, the second through hole also has an hourglass-shaped cross-section, and the second through hole is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber through the second compressed air hole.

[0013] Beneficial effects: During the resetting process after the annular bimetallic strip is deformed by heat, pressure is generated on the air in the exhaust chamber. This causes the air in the exhaust chamber adjacent to the second through hole to be compressed by the second compression air hole and discharged into the second through hole. The air in the wiring chamber is then accelerated to be discharged to the outside of the first housing. As the air in the wiring chamber is discharged at an accelerated rate, the air in the heat dissipation space also flows at an accelerated rate into the wiring chamber and is finally discharged through the second through hole. This further increases the air circulation in the heat dissipation space and improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0014] Furthermore, a support portion is provided on the inner wall of the first outer shell, and the support portion has several strip grooves that penetrate through the support portion, and the support portion abuts against the outer wall of the connector.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The support part supports the connector inserted into the socket, increasing the stability between the connector and the connector and ensuring good contact.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer wall of the second outer shell is fitted with the inner wall of the first outer shell with a clearance. The outer wall of the second outer shell is fixedly connected with a fixing protrusion, and the inner wall of the first outer shell is provided with an L-shaped sliding groove. The fixing protrusion is inserted into the bottom of the L-shaped sliding groove and rotated to fix the first outer shell and the second outer shell.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The L-shaped groove prevents the first and second housings from sliding outwards after they are connected, keeping the relative positions of the contact pins and contact pieces between the connector and the connector fixed, thus improving contact stability and reducing overheating of the connector.

[0018] Furthermore, a third through hole is provided at each corner of the L-shaped chute, and the third through hole is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber.

[0019] Beneficial effects: During the process of the annular bimetallic strip being deformed by heat and then resetting, pressure is generated on the air in the exhaust chamber, causing the air in the exhaust chamber adjacent to the third through hole to be discharged into the L-shaped groove, and then through the L-shaped groove to contact the outer wall of the second outer shell, promoting the flow of hot air accumulated near the surface of the second outer shell and reducing the temperature rise of the second outer shell.

[0020] Furthermore, both the outer walls of the first and second outer shells are fitted with anti-slip sleeves.

[0021] Beneficial effect: The anti-slip sleeve facilitates the docking and rotation fixation when connecting the socket and plug.

[0022] Furthermore, both the wiring terminals of the first and second housings are equipped with protective sleeves.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The cable sleeve reduces bending at the connection between the power cord and the socket and plug, preventing the power cord from being excessively squeezed.

[0024] Furthermore, after the first outer shell and the second outer shell are connected and fixed, the connecting seat abuts against the partition.

[0025] Beneficial effects: After the socket and plug are connected, the connection base and the partition can abut against each other, which can make the relative position of the connection base and the connector more stable and can limit the insertion depth of the connector.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer wall of the terminal block and the inner wall of the second housing are provided with corresponding ball grooves, and balls are provided in the ball grooves. The second housing is rotatably connected to the terminal block through the ball grooves and the balls.

[0027] Beneficial effect: The second outer shell is rotatably connected to the terminal block, preventing the terminal block from rotating during the connection process between the socket and the plug, which would cause twisting of the power cord connected to the terminal block.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the new energy vehicle charging cable connector of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the socket structure of an embodiment of the new energy vehicle charging cable connector of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram (A) of an embodiment of the new energy vehicle charging cable connector of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the plug structure of an embodiment of the new energy vehicle charging cable connector of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0037] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: socket 1, first housing 101, L-shaped groove 102, third through hole 103, heat dissipation cavity 104, anti-slip sleeve 105, exhaust cavity 106, second compressed air hole 107, second through hole 108, partition 109, connecting seat 110, support part 111, strip groove 112, annular bimetallic strip 113, compressed air cavity 114, vent pipe 115, first compressed air hole 116, plug 2, second housing 201, terminal block 202, ball groove 203, ball 204, fixing protrusion 205, connector 206, and cable sleeve 3.

[0038] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1-4 As shown: A new energy vehicle charging cable connector 206 includes a plug 2 and a socket 1. The socket 1 includes a connector 110 and a first outer shell 101. Both the connector 110 and the first outer shell 101 are cylindrical structures. A partition 109 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first outer shell 101. The connector 110 is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition 109. The partition 109 divides the first outer shell 101 into a connection cavity and a wiring cavity. A first through hole is provided on the partition 109, which connects the connection cavity and the wiring cavity. The wiring cavity is connected to the outside of the first outer shell 101 through a second through hole 108. The connection cavity is used to mate with the plug 2, and the wiring cavity is used to connect the power cord. The connected power cord passes through the first outer shell 101.

[0039] A heat dissipation cavity 104 is provided inside the side wall of the first outer shell 101. The heat dissipation cavity 104 is arranged around the side wall of the first outer shell 101. Two sets of vent pipes 115 are fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation cavity 104. The cross-section of the vent pipe 115 is hourglass-shaped. An annular bimetallic strip 113 is fixedly connected to both sides of the vent pipe 115. In this embodiment, the bimetallic strip will deform when it reaches its deformation temperature. Since the temperature of the connector 206 is not recommended to exceed 60°C when charging new energy vehicles, the deformation temperature of the annular bimetallic strip 113 in this embodiment is 40°C, and the reset temperature is 35°C. That is, when the temperature of the connector 206 is higher than 40°C, the temperature is conducted to the annular bimetallic strip 113, and the annular bimetallic strip 113 will deform. When the temperature of the annular bimetallic strip 113 is lower than 35°C, the annular bimetallic strip 113 will reset.

[0040] A compressed air cavity 114 is formed between the annular bimetallic strips 113 on both sides of the vent pipe 115. The vent pipe 115 connects the connecting cavity to the outside of the first housing. A first compressed air hole 116 is provided at the end of the vent pipe 115 near the outer wall of the first housing 101, and the first compressed air hole 116 connects the inside of the vent pipe 115 to the compressed air cavity 114. (See attached diagram) Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment has four annular bimetallic strips 113, forming two compressed air chambers 114. The space between the two adjacent annular bimetallic strips 113 in the middle is an exhaust chamber 106. The space formed by the annular bimetallic strips 113 at both ends and the side walls at both ends of the heat dissipation chamber 104 is also an exhaust chamber 106. The exhaust chambers 106 are all connected to the outside of the heat dissipation chamber 104.

[0041] The plug 2 includes a connector 206 and a second housing 201. A terminal block 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connector 206. The terminal block 202 is used to connect the power cord. The terminal block 202 is fixedly connected to the connector 206 and rotatably connected to the second housing 201. After the plug 2 is inserted into the socket 1, a heat dissipation space is formed between the connector 206 and the inner wall of the first housing 101. This heat dissipation space is used for air circulation.

[0042] The specific implementation process is as follows: the plug 2 is inserted into the socket 1, and the heat dissipation space between the connector 206 and the inner wall of the first outer shell 101 is connected to all the vent pipes 115. Under normal temperature conditions, the connection cavity and wiring cavity are cooled by the air flow between the vent pipes 115 and the air flow through the second through hole 108.

[0043] During charging, due to the large amount of electrical energy transmitted, the connector 206 will gradually heat up. When the temperature reaches the bimetallic strip deformation temperature (40℃), combined with the attached... Figure 3 As indicated by the arrow, the bimetallic strip deforms, and this deformation puts pressure on the air in the compressed air chamber 114. This causes the air in the compressed air chamber 114 to be compressed through the first compressed air hole 116 and discharged into the vent pipe 115. As the compressed air in the compressed air chamber 114 is discharged, according to the Coanda effect principle, the vent pipe 115 draws a larger amount of air from outside the first housing into the heat dissipation space, accelerating the airflow in the heat dissipation space and causing the hot air accumulated inside the connector 206 to be discharged. This dissipates heat from the connector 206 and the connector seat 110 inside the connector 206. When the temperature is lower than the temperature of the bimetallic strip (35°C), the bimetallic strip returns to its original shape. When the temperature is too high again, the above process is repeated, thereby continuously dissipating heat from the inside of the connector 206.

[0044] Example 2: As shown in the attached document Figure 2As shown: Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that the cross-section of the second through hole 108 is also hourglass-shaped, and the second through hole 108 is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber 106 through the second compressed air hole 107, that is, it is connected to the exhaust chamber 106 formed between the rightmost annular bimetallic strip 113 and the rightmost sidewall of the heat dissipation chamber 104.

[0045] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the process of the annular bimetallic strip 113 being deformed by heat and then resetting, pressure is generated on the air in the exhaust chamber 106. This causes the air in the exhaust chamber 106 adjacent to the second through hole 108 to be compressed by the second compression air hole 107 and discharged into the second through hole 108. The air in the wiring chamber is then accelerated to be discharged to the outside of the first outer shell 101. As the air in the wiring chamber is accelerated to be discharged, the air in the heat dissipation space also accelerates to flow into the wiring chamber and is finally discharged through the second through hole 108. This further increases the air circulation in the heat dissipation space and improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0046] Example 3: As shown in the attached document Figure 2 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 2, the difference is that the inner sidewall of the first outer shell 101 is integrally formed with a support portion 111. The support portion 111 divides the connecting cavity into upper and lower parts. The support portion 111 has a plurality of strip grooves 112 that penetrate the support portion 111. The two parts of the connecting cavity are connected by the strip grooves 112. The support portion 111 abuts against the outer sidewall of the connector 206.

[0047] The specific implementation process is as follows: When the socket 1 and plug 2 are connected, the support part 111 supports the connector 206 inserted into the socket 1. The airflow between the upper and lower parts of the connection cavity is carried out through the strip groove 112, which increases the connection stability of the socket 1 and plug 2. The flowing air comes into contact with the outer wall of the connector 206 and generates heat.

[0048] Example 4: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 3, the difference is that the outer wall of the second outer shell 201 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the first outer shell 101, a fixing protrusion 205 is welded and fixed on the outer wall of the second outer shell 201, and an L-shaped groove 102 is opened on the inner wall of the first outer shell 101. The fixing protrusion 205 is inserted into the bottom of the L-shaped groove 102 and rotated to fix the first outer shell 101 and the second outer shell 201.

[0049] The specific implementation process is as follows: the horizontal part of the L-shaped slide 102 guides the second outer shell 201 inserted into the first outer shell 101, and the vertical part of the L-shaped slide 102 locks the second outer shell 201 inserted into the first outer shell 101, thus achieving a stable connection between the first outer shell 101 and the second outer shell 201.

[0050] Example 5: As attached Figure 2As shown: Compared with Embodiment 4, the difference is that a third through hole 103 is provided at the corner of the L-shaped slide groove 102. The third through hole 103 is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber 106, that is, it is connected to the exhaust chamber 106 formed by the leftmost annular bimetallic strip 113 and the leftmost sidewall of the heat dissipation chamber 104.

[0051] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the process of the annular bimetallic strip 113 being deformed by heat and then resetting, pressure is generated on the air in the exhaust chamber 106, causing the air in the exhaust chamber 106 adjacent to the third through hole 103 to be discharged into the L-shaped slide groove 102, and then through the L-shaped slide groove 102 to contact the outer wall of the second outer shell 201, promoting the flow of hot air accumulated near the surface of the second outer shell 201 and reducing the temperature rise of the second outer shell 201.

[0052] Example 6: As attached Figure 1 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 5, the difference is that the outer walls of the first outer shell 101 and the second outer shell 201 are both fitted with anti-slip sleeves 105 tubes.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows: The anti-slip sleeve 105 tube facilitates the docking and rotational fixing when connecting socket 1 and plug 2.

[0054] Example 7: As attached Figure 1 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 6, the difference is that the wiring terminals of the first housing 101 and the second housing 201 are both provided with wire protection sleeves 3.

[0055] The specific implementation process is as follows: The cable sleeve 3 reduces the bending at the connection between the power cord and the socket 1 and plug 2, preventing the power cord from being excessively squeezed.

[0056] Example 8: As attached Figure 1 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 7, the difference is that after the first outer shell 101 and the second outer shell 201 are connected and fixed, the connecting seat 110 abuts against the partition 109.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: After the socket and plug 2 are connected to each other, the connection socket 110 and the partition 109 abut against each other, which can make the relative position of the connection socket 110 and the connector 206 more stable, and can limit the insertion amount of the connector 206.

[0058] Example 9: As attached Figure 4 As shown: Compared with Embodiment 8, the difference is that the outer side wall of the terminal block 202 and the inner side wall of the second housing 201 are provided with corresponding ball grooves 203, and ball 204 is provided in the ball grooves 203. The second housing 201 is rotatably connected to the terminal block 202 through the ball grooves 203 and the ball 204.

[0059] The specific implementation process is as follows: The second outer shell 201 is rotatably connected to the terminal block 202 to prevent the connector 110 from rotating during the docking process of the socket 1 and the plug 2, which would cause the power cord connected to the terminal block 202 to twist.

[0060] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and / or characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A charging cable connector for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The device includes a plug and a socket. The socket includes a connector and a first housing. A partition is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the first housing. The connector is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the partition. The partition divides the first housing into a connection cavity and a wiring cavity. A first through hole is provided on the partition, which connects the connection cavity and the wiring cavity. The wiring cavity is connected to the outside of the first housing through a second through hole. A heat dissipation cavity is provided inside the side wall of the first outer shell. The heat dissipation cavity is arranged around the side wall of the first outer shell. A vent pipe is fixedly connected inside the heat dissipation cavity. The vent pipe has an hourglass-shaped cross section. Annular bimetallic strips are fixedly connected to both sides of the vent pipe, and a compressed air cavity is formed between the annular bimetallic strips on both sides of the vent pipe. The vent pipe connects the connecting cavity to the outside of the first outer shell. A first compressed air hole is provided at one end of the vent pipe near the outer wall of the first outer shell. The first compressed air hole connects the inside of the vent pipe to the compressed air cavity. The remaining area of ​​the heat dissipation cavity is divided into exhaust cavities by the annular bimetallic strips. All exhaust cavities are connected to the outside of the heat dissipation cavity. The plug includes a connector and a second housing. A terminal block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connector. The terminal block is rotatably connected to the second housing. After the plug is inserted into the socket, a heat dissipation space is formed between the connector and the inner wall of the first housing. The second through hole also has an hourglass-shaped cross section, and the second through hole is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber through the second compressed air hole; the inner side wall of the first outer shell is provided with a support part, and the support part has several strip grooves that penetrate the support part, and the support part abuts against the outer side wall of the connector. When the bimetallic strip reaches its deformation temperature, the deformation of the bimetallic strip exerts pressure on the air in the compressed air chamber, causing the air in the compressed air chamber to be compressed through the first compression port and discharged into the vent pipe, thus expelling the hot air accumulated inside the connector and dissipating heat from the connector and connector seat inside the connector; when the bimetallic strip is below the reset temperature, the bimetallic strip is restored; when the temperature reaches the deformation temperature again, the above process is repeated.

2. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second outer shell is fitted with the inner wall of the first outer shell with a clearance. The outer wall of the second outer shell is fixedly connected with a fixing protrusion. The inner wall of the first outer shell is provided with an L-shaped sliding groove. The fixing protrusion is inserted into the bottom of the L-shaped sliding groove and rotated to fix the first outer shell and the second outer shell.

3. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each corner of the L-shaped chute is provided with a third through hole, which is connected to the adjacent exhaust chamber.

4. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the outer walls of the first and second outer shells are fitted with anti-slip sleeves.

5. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first and second outer casings have cable protection sleeves at their terminals.

6. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the first and second outer shells are connected and fixed, the connecting seat abuts against the partition.

7. The new energy vehicle charging cable connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the terminal block and the inner wall of the second housing are provided with corresponding ball grooves, and balls are provided in the ball grooves. The second housing is rotatably connected to the terminal block through the ball grooves and the balls.

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