A method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetle

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetle, which relates to the technical field of pest biological control and solves the technical problem that the flat grain beetle is difficult to raise on a large scale. The raising method includes a raising device, which is equipped with a breeding matrix. The materials of the breeding matrix include wheat, flour, oats, glutinous rice, bran and distiller's yeast, wherein: the wheat is cracked wheat, the volume ratio of wheat is 20-40%, the volume ratio of flour is 20-30%, the volume ratio of oats is 20-30%, the volume ratio of glutinous rice is 20-30%, the volume ratio of bran is 5-10%, and the volume ratio of distiller's yeast is 0.5-5%. In the raising device, the humidity of the breeding matrix is ​​easy to control and not easy to rot, which is conducive to the large-scale breeding of the flat grain beetle; when the pest bark beetle occurs before or when the number is small, the predatory natural enemy flat grain beetle is slowly released in stages and batches, which can keep the pest population under control at a low level for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological pest control, in particular to a method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp. Background Art

[0002] Among the major hidden pests that harm plants, besides longhorn beetles, are bark beetles. These bark beetles are numerous and diverse, including the mulberry shoot beetle, the hairy shoot beetle, the larch eight-toothed beetle, and the wood beetle, which attack deciduous economic trees; and the cypress bark beetle, the vertical pit cutting beetle, the tooth beetle, the spruce beetle, the eight-toothed spruce beetle, the six-toothed beetle, the Armand pine beetle, and the star-hole pit beetle, which attack evergreen conifers. These insects live in hiding, making them difficult to detect for a period of time.

[0003] In prevention and control, chemical control is difficult to be effective because the small beetle lives in secret, and the side effects of chemical control also violate the guiding ideology of IPM.

[0004] Using natural enemies for pest control effectively prevents the serious pollution of water, air, and soil by many chemical pesticides, which can then enter the human body through the food chain and harm human health. Biological control is a low-cost, highly effective, pollution-free, and environmentally friendly integrated pest control measure. Predatory natural enemies are highly safe. They are non-toxic to humans and animals, relatively safe to crops and other natural enemies, and do not pollute the environment or promote pest resistance. Their effective pest control reduces or eliminates the use of chemical pesticides, making them a crucial measure to mitigate the drawbacks of chemical pest control.

[0005] To achieve biological control of bark beetles, researchers have been working on artificial feed-based breeding of predatory natural enemies such as the cypress bark beetle, the pinhole star pit beetle, the mulberry branch beetle, and the fruit bark beetle. These studies primarily use silkworm pupae and wheat flour, mixed in a specific ratio, steamed, and fermented before inoculation and feeding.

[0006] The applicant has discovered that the existing technology suffers from at least the following technical problems: When raising predatory natural enemies of bark beetles, the feed materials are prone to rotting and deterioration, which affects the scale of reproduction and is difficult to obtain. Consequently, large-scale rearing of natural enemies of bark beetles is difficult, making it difficult to use these natural enemies for biological control of bark beetles. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a method for rearing and controlling the flat grain beetle, a natural enemy of bark beetles, to address the technical problem of the existing art that flat grain beetles are difficult to rear on a large scale. The various technical effects that can be achieved by the preferred technical solution among the various technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetle, comprising:

[0010] Remove plant material from plants weakened or dying naturally due to bark beetles to find the appropriate stage of the flat grain beetle;

[0011] placing the appropriate insect stage of the flat grain beetle into a breeding device, and placing the breeding device in a breeding environment with suitable temperature and humidity;

[0012] Obtaining the target flat grain beetle stage and placing it into a release container;

[0013] Placing the release container in an ecological environment to be treated for bark beetles and releasing them in stages and batches;

[0014] The breeding device is equipped with a breeding matrix, which includes wheat, flour, oats, glutinous rice, bran and distiller's yeast. The wheat is cracked wheat, the volume proportion of the wheat is 20-40%, the volume proportion of the flour is 20-30%, the volume proportion of the oats is 20-30%, the volume proportion of the glutinous rice is 20-30%, the volume proportion of the bran is 5-10%, and the volume proportion of the distiller's yeast is 0.5-5%.

[0015] Preferably, a one-way pass is provided in the breeding device, and the one-way pass is located above the breeding matrix, and the one-way pass only allows the adults of the flat grain beetle to pass through upwards.

[0016] Preferably, an anti-escape device is provided in the breeding device, and the anti-escape device is arranged above the one-way pass device and is spaced apart from the one-way pass device in the vertical direction, so as to intercept the adult flat grain beetles from escaping from the breeding device.

[0017] Preferably, the anti-escape device is a sheet-like structure, and the sheet-like structure is provided with air holes, and the size of the air holes does not allow adult flat grain beetles to pass through.

[0018] Preferably, the mouth of the feeding device is covered with a breathable material portion.

[0019] Preferably, the release container comprises a release bag, in which an instrument for containing the flat grain beetle is placed, the bag opening of the release bag is closed, and a portion to be cut is provided at the end corner of the bag opening, and the portion to be cut is used to release the flat grain beetle after cutting.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the breeding environment is 20-35° C., and the relative humidity of the breeding environment is 35-85%.

[0021] Preferably, when obtaining the target stage of the flat grain beetle, the adults located above the one-way pass device in the breeding device are collected into a release container, or the larvae in the breeding matrix are sieved and then centrally packaged.

[0022] Preferably, the release container is stored at 0-14° C. before being placed in the ecological environment to be treated for release of bark beetles in stages and batches.

[0023] The breeding and control method of the flat grain beetle, a natural enemy of the bark beetle, provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the existing technology: the starch content of the above-mentioned breeding matrix can meet the growth requirements of the flat grain beetle, and the use of oats, cracked wheat and bran to loosen the breeding matrix is ​​conducive to the flat grain beetle's movement in the breeding matrix, thereby meeting the flat grain beetle's growth space requirements; the koji can degrade a part of organic matter, which is conducive to fermentation and provides the flat grain beetle with the nutrients required for growth; the humidity of the breeding matrix is ​​easy to control and is not easy to rot, and the flat grain beetle can be bred on a large scale in a breeding device containing the above-mentioned breeding matrix.

[0024] Before bark beetles emerge or when their numbers are low, slowly releasing the predatory natural enemy, the flat grain beetle, in stages and batches can keep the pest population at a low level for a long time. Predatory natural enemies are highly safe, have a large appetite, strong reproductive capacity, and long-lasting control effects. They are economically viable, can achieve better economic benefits, and produce positive ecological effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the feeding device;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural side view of the one-way device;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the one-way pass device at the beginning;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the release bag.

[0030] In the figure, 1 is a breeding device; 2 is a breeding matrix; 3 is a one-way pass device; 30 is a plate body; 31 is a through hole; 32 is a push plate; 4 is an anti-escape device; 5 is a breathable material part; 6 is a release bag; 61 is a part to be cut; 7 is an instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "width," "height," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," and "side" and the like, indicating positions or location relationships, are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0033] Using natural enemies to control pests effectively prevents the serious pollution of water, air, and soil by many chemical pesticides, which then enter the human body through the food chain and harm human health. Biological control is a low-cost, highly effective, pollution-free, and environmentally friendly integrated pest control measure. The flat grain beetle, a natural enemy of bark beetles, thrives in natural plants weakened or killed by bark beetles. However, as an insect in its natural environment, it is difficult to rear on a large scale in captivity.

[0034] Existing techniques primarily use silkworm pupae and wheat flour, mixed in a specific proportion, steamed, and fermented before inoculation and feeding. However, this steamed feed material is highly humid and difficult to dehumidify. In a humid environment, it rots, deteriorates, and emits an odor over time, making it difficult for the beetles to survive. Consequently, the survival rate is low, making large-scale breeding difficult.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for rearing and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetles. The flat grain beetles are reared in a rearing device containing the above-mentioned breeding substrate, which facilitates large-scale breeding. After being released as required, the pest population can be controlled at a low level for a long time.

[0036] The following combination Figure 1-Figure 4 The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in more detail.

[0037] The present embodiment provides a method for rearing and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetle, comprising: removing plant material from plants weakened or dead by bark beetles to find suitable stages of the flat grain beetle (which can be different stages); placing the suitable stages of the flat grain beetle into a rearing device, and placing the rearing device in a suitable temperature and humidity rearing environment; obtaining the target stage of the flat grain beetle and placing it into a release container; and placing the release container in an ecological environment where the bark beetles are to be controlled and releasing them in stages and batches.

[0038] The breeding device 1 contains a breeding matrix 2, and the materials of the breeding matrix 2 include wheat, flour, oats, glutinous rice, bran and distiller's yeast, wherein: the wheat is cracked wheat, the volume proportion of wheat is 20-40%, the volume proportion of flour is 20-30%, the volume proportion of oats is 20-30%, the volume proportion of glutinous rice is 20-30%, the volume proportion of bran is 5-10%, and the volume proportion of distiller's yeast is 0.5-5%.

[0039] Considering that in the prior art, silkworm pupae and wheat flour are mixed in a certain proportion, steamed, and fermented before inoculation and breeding, the breeding material has a high humidity after steaming, and is prone to rot, deterioration, and odor over time. In the breeding device 1 of this embodiment, the existing breeding matrix is ​​no longer used, but a new breeding matrix 2 suitable for large-scale breeding of flat grain beetles is prepared.

[0040] In the materials used to prepare the propagation matrix, it was found that if cornmeal was used instead of wheat or flour, the survival rate of the flat grain beetle would decrease. This is believed to be due to the insufficient starch content in the cornmeal. This shows that the growth and reproduction of the flat grain beetle requires sufficient starch, and the materials of the propagation matrix 2 need to meet sufficient starch content. Among the materials of the above-mentioned propagation matrix 2, a variety of materials such as wheat, flour, and glutinous rice are mixed to ensure that the starch content in the propagation matrix 2 is sufficient.

[0041] During the experiment, it was also found that when the wheat was not in a broken state, the survival rate of the flat grain beetle decreased. Therefore, it was shown that a loose propagation matrix 2 is beneficial to the survival and growth of the flat grain beetle. Among the materials of the above-mentioned propagation matrix 2, the wheat is in a broken state. Using a pulverizer to crush the wheat to a certain extent makes the propagation matrix 2 looser. The oats and bran in the propagation matrix 2 also help the propagation matrix 2 to be looser. The loose propagation matrix 2 allows the flat grain beetle to move freely therein, ensuring sufficient oxygen, which is beneficial to the survival of the flat grain beetle.

[0042] The material composition of the propagation matrix 2 is shown in the table below:

[0043] Feed type Volume ratio (%) wheat 20-40 flour 20-30 oat 20-30 Sticky rice 20-30 bran 5-10 yeast 0.5-5

[0044] Wheat, glutinous rice, and flour are all dry and pollution-free, and the rest are all dry. Among them, wheat needs to be crushed to a certain degree using a crusher. After the above materials are evenly mixed, they are loaded into the feeding device 1.

[0045] In the composition of the breeding matrix for the natural enemy of the bark beetle, the flat grain beetle, in this embodiment, broken wheat accounts for the largest proportion, followed by flour, oats, and glutinous rice, which can ensure the starch content in the breeding matrix 2; the starch content of the above-mentioned breeding matrix 2 can meet the growth needs of the flat grain beetle, and the use of oats, broken wheat and bran makes the breeding matrix 2 loose, which is conducive to the flat grain beetle's movement in the breeding matrix 2, meeting the growth space requirements of the flat grain beetle.

[0046] The koji can degrade some organic matter, facilitate fermentation, and provide the nutrients needed for the growth of the flat grain beetle; the humidity of the breeding matrix 2 is easy to control and not easy to rot, which is conducive to large-scale breeding of the flat grain beetle in the breeding device 1 containing the above-mentioned breeding matrix 2.

[0047] Before bark beetles emerge or when their numbers are low, slowly releasing predatory natural enemies, such as the flat grain beetle, in phases and batches can keep pest populations at a low level for a long time. Predatory natural enemies are highly safe, have large appetites, strong reproductive capacity, and long-lasting control effects. They are economically viable, can achieve better economic benefits, and produce positive ecological effects.

[0048] Experiments have shown that the survival rate of flat grain beetles is high when the breeding device with the above-mentioned breeding matrix 2 is used to breed and reproduce flat grain beetles. About 100,000 flat grain beetles can be bred in a breeding device 1 that is greater than 20 cm in height and 12-15 cm in diameter, which can realize large-scale breeding of flat grain beetles.

[0049] Moreover, the above-mentioned propagation matrix 2 has suitable humidity and is easy to regulate. Under the conditions of meeting the starch content required by the flat grain beetle and being loose and able to pass through the growth environment, it is not easy to rot and can remain fresh for a long time, with a shelf life of up to two years.

[0050] Plants weakened or killed by bark beetles are selected from forestry, gardening, agricultural ecology and other environments. Since bark beetles exist in plants weakened or killed by bark beetles, and the bark beetle's predatory natural enemy, the flat grain beetle, is also present to a large extent in the natural environment, the flat grain beetle can be easily collected from such plants.

[0051] The single insect stage or mixed insect stage insects of flat grain beetles collected outdoors are placed in the breeding matrix 2 and allowed to move and feed on their own. When a certain number of insects is reached, the insects of the same insect stage or mixed insect stage can be transferred to another breeding device 1 with the same result for breeding.

[0052] Using its predatory natural enemy, the flat grain beetle, to control bark beetles in forestry, gardening, and agricultural ecosystems is an important biological control method. Biological control is a low-cost, highly effective, pollution-free, and integrated control measure that contributes to ecological protection.

[0053] The method for raising and controlling the flat grain beetle, a natural enemy of bark beetles, in this embodiment can improve the survival rate of the flat grain beetle and achieve large-scale breeding of the flat grain beetle. Before the bark beetle outbreak or when its numbers are small, the predatory natural enemy, the flat grain beetle, is slowly released in stages and batches, which can keep the pest population under control at a low level for a long time. The predatory natural enemy is highly safe, has a large appetite, strong reproductive capacity, and a long-lasting preventive effect. It has good economic efficiency, can achieve better economic benefits, and produces good ecological effects.

[0054] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, a one-way pass 3 is provided in the breeding device 1, and the one-way pass 3 is located above the breeding matrix 2. The one-way pass 3 only allows the adults of the flat grain beetle to pass through upward.

[0055] The one-way pass device 3 can be placed in the breeding device 1 after the flat grain beetle is raised to a certain scale.

[0056] The one-way passage 3 in this embodiment can be taken out from the breeding device 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the one-way passage device 3 includes a plate body 30, which is provided with a through hole 31. A push plate 32 is covered on the through hole 31. One end of the push plate 32 is rotatably connected to one side of the through hole 31, and the open end of the push plate 32 is placed on the upper edge of the other side of the through hole 31. The push plate 32 can rotate under the push of the adult flat grain beetle, thereby opening the through hole 31. Specifically, a sealing ring can be provided around the plate body 30. The plate body 30 is clamped into the breeding device 1 through the sealing ring and can also be removed under the action of an external force.

[0057] When the beetle becomes an adult, it can push the push plate 32 to rotate and climb above the one-way pass 3. The larvae cannot push the push plate 32. When the beetle is above the one-way pass 3, the open end of the push plate 32 is placed on the upper edge of the other side of the passage hole 31, so the adult beetle will not fall under the one-way pass 3. The above structure can separate the larval and adult stages of the beetle, making it convenient for users to select different stages for bark beetle control.

[0058] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, an anti-escape device 4 is provided in the breeding device 1. The anti-escape device 4 is arranged above the one-way pass device 3 and is spaced apart from the one-way pass device 3 in the vertical direction to intercept the adult flat grain beetles from escaping from the breeding device 1.

[0059] The anti-escape device 4 can prevent the flat grain beetle from escaping from the breeding device 1 and intercept the flat grain beetle adults in the breeding device 1.

[0060] As an optional embodiment, the escape prevention device 4 is a sheet structure, and the sheet structure is provided with air holes, and the size of the air holes does not allow the adult flat grain beetles to pass through. The escape prevention device 4 of the above structure can allow air to pass through, ensuring sufficient air for the survival of the flat grain beetles, and can also intercept the flat grain beetles inside to prevent the adult flat grain beetles from escaping.

[0061] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the mouth of the feeding device 1 is covered with a breathable material portion 5. The breathable material portion 5 can be a breathable material such as non-woven fabric. The mouth of the feeding device 1 is sealed with the breathable material portion 5, which can further achieve the effect of ventilation and preventing the flat grain beetle from escaping.

[0062] After the flat grain beetles are raised to a certain scale, a one-way pass device 3 is placed above the breeding matrix 2; and an anti-escape device 4 is placed above the one-way pass device 3 to facilitate the collection, storage and release of the flat grain beetles.

[0063] According to the occurrence of the pest bark beetle, make a good forecast and release the beetles before they occur or when their number is small. Use the bag release method.

[0064] As an alternative embodiment, see Figure 4 As shown, the release container includes a release bag 6, in which a container 7 for containing the flat grain beetle is placed. The container 7 can be a bottle, a can, etc. The mouth of the release bag 6 is closed, and a portion to be cut 61 is provided at the end corner of the bag mouth. The portion to be cut 61 is used to release the flat grain beetle after cutting.

[0065] The bag 6 can be released and fixed on the tree trunk, and the bag 6 openings can be sealed. The cut will be cut so that the flat grain beetle can climb out from there.

[0066] As an optional embodiment, the temperature of the breeding environment is 20-35° C., and the relative humidity of the breeding environment is 35-85%. In addition, the breeding environment is clean and under effective ventilation conditions.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, when obtaining the target stage of the flat grain beetle, the adults located above the one-way pass 3 in the breeding device 1 are collected into a release container, or the larvae in the breeding matrix 2 are sieved and then collectively packaged. Insects of different stages can be conveniently collected, making it easier for users to select according to actual conditions.

[0068] As an optional implementation, before the release container is placed in the ecological environment to be managed for release in stages and batches, the release container is stored at 0-14°C to facilitate the normal survival of the flat grain beetle.

[0069] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0070] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, the flat grain beetle, characterized in that: The method includes: Remove plant material from plants weakened or dying naturally due to bark beetles to find the appropriate stage of the flat grain beetle; placing the appropriate insect stage of the flat grain beetle into a breeding device, and placing the breeding device in a breeding environment with suitable temperature and humidity; Obtaining the target flat grain beetle stage and placing it into a release container; Placing the release container in an ecological environment to be treated for bark beetles and releasing them in stages and batches; The breeding device is equipped with a breeding matrix, wherein the materials of the breeding matrix include wheat, flour, oats, glutinous rice, bran and distiller's yeast, wherein the wheat is cracked wheat, the volume ratio of the wheat is 20-40%, the volume ratio of the flour is 20-30%, the volume ratio of the oats is 20-30%, the volume ratio of the glutinous rice is 20-30%, the volume ratio of the bran is 5-10%, and the volume ratio of the distiller's yeast is 0.5-5%; A one-way pass device is provided in the breeding device, and the one-way pass device is located above the breeding matrix, and the one-way pass device only allows the adult flat grain beetles to pass upward; An anti-escape device is provided in the breeding device. The anti-escape device is arranged above the one-way pass device and is spaced apart from the one-way pass device in the vertical direction to intercept the adult flat grain beetles from escaping from the breeding device.

2. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The anti-escape device is a sheet-like structure, and air holes are provided on the sheet-like structure. The size of the air holes does not allow the adult flat grain beetles to pass through.

3. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 2, is characterized in that: The mouth of the feeding device is covered with a breathable material portion.

4. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The release container includes a release bag, in which an instrument for containing the flat grain beetle is placed. The bag opening of the release bag is closed, and a portion to be cut is provided at the end corner of the bag opening. The portion to be cut is used to release the flat grain beetle after cutting.

5. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The temperature of the breeding environment is 20-35° C., and the relative humidity of the breeding environment is 35-85%.

6. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 1, is characterized in that: When obtaining the target stage of the flat grain beetle, the adults located above the one-way pass device in the breeding device are collected into a release container, or the larvae in the breeding matrix are sieved and then centrally packaged.

7. The method for raising and controlling the natural enemy of bark beetles, Pseudotsuga spp., according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Before the release container is placed in the ecological environment to be treated for release in stages and batches, the release container is stored at 0-14°C.

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