A crushing and shaping device and crushing and shaping method for waste sanitary ceramics

Abstract

The present invention provides a crushing and shaping device and method for waste sanitary ceramics, belonging to the technical field of shaping machines. The device solves the problem of high needle-like particle content in sanitary ceramic waste after being crushed by traditional crushing equipment. The device comprises a crusher housing, a ceramic waste crushing mechanism, a ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism, a ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism, and a ceramic aggregate discharge mechanism. The upper and lower ends of the crusher housing are connected to a feed channel and a discharge channel, respectively. The ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism, and the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism are arranged from top to bottom within the crusher housing. The feed channel is connected to the feed port at the upper end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism is disposed within the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The guide channel at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism faces the feed space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism, and the discharge space is connected to the discharge channel. The present invention is suitable for crushing and shaping ceramics, minerals, and stones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shaping machines, and in particular relates to a crushing and shaping device and a crushing and shaping method for waste sanitary ceramics. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic solid waste is a significant component of my country's bulk solid waste, with sanitary ceramics accounting for a significant proportion. Made primarily of non-metallic compounds such as silicon oxide, sanitary ceramics are formed from minerals such as clay fired at high temperatures. Their material potential, including high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and low thermal conductivity, has garnered widespread attention. In recent years, crushed sanitary ceramic solid waste can replace coarse and fine aggregates and be used in the development of pavement solid concrete materials. Currently, the most common crushing method involves a jaw crusher in conjunction with an impact crusher or cone crusher. Due to the brittle nature of sanitary ceramics and the heterogeneity of their enamel and body layers, the crushed recycled ceramic aggregate contains a high content of needle-like particles, resulting in a low proportion of well-shaped aggregate, reducing material availability. Optimizing the crushing process for sanitary ceramics, reducing the content of needle-like particles, and improving the shape of the crushed aggregate can effectively reduce crushed aggregate waste, improve the utilization rate of sanitary ceramic solid waste, and safeguard the molding quality and material properties of cement or asphalt concrete for pavements. Current crushing processes and equipment are primarily targeted at high-quality rock materials, lacking effective treatment options for sanitary ceramic solid waste. Therefore, in response to the above problems, it is necessary to develop a crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics to solve the problem that the content of needle-like particles in sanitary ceramic waste is high after being crushed by traditional crushing equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution created by the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics, comprising a crusher housing, a waste ceramic crushing mechanism, a primary ceramic aggregate shaping mechanism, a secondary ceramic aggregate shaping mechanism, and a ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism.

[0006] The upper end of the crusher housing is connected to the feed channel, and the lower end is connected to the discharge channel. The ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism and the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism are arranged from top to bottom in the crusher housing. The feed channel is connected to the feed port at the upper end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism is arranged inside the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The guide channel at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is opposite to the feed space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism. The discharge space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism is connected to the discharge channel. The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism is arranged in the discharging channel, the ceramic waste crushing mechanism includes a crusher rotor, which performs preliminary crushing on the ceramic waste to form ceramic coarse particles through the crusher rotor, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism includes a grinding and shaping turntable, which performs preliminary shaping on the ceramic coarse particles through the grinding and shaping turntable, the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism includes a plurality of grinding and shaping rollers, which performs secondary shaping on the ceramic particles after the primary shaping through the plurality of grinding and shaping rollers, and the ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism sends the secondary shaped ceramic particles out of the discharging channel at a uniform speed.

[0007] Furthermore, a screen is provided between the primary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregate and the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregate. The screen is detachably installed in the crusher case, and a number of circular screen holes or square screen holes are evenly arranged on the screen; a receiving and dividing structure is provided between the primary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregate and the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregate. The powder receiving mechanism guides the ceramic particles coming out of the material guide channel into the feed space of the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregate, and performs secondary shaping on the ceramic particles through the grinding and shaping rollers.

[0008] Furthermore, the ceramic waste crushing mechanism also includes a side wall impact box, two crusher rotors are installed inside the side wall impact box, the crusher rotors are driven by a motor arranged outside the crusher box, a number of hammers are evenly arranged on the circumference of each crusher rotor, and a tooth roller-type protrusion is provided on the surface of the crusher rotor between two adjacent hammers. When the crusher rotor is running, the inner wall of the side wall impact box cooperates with the crusher rotor to crush the ceramic waste. The inner wall of the side wall impact box is a four-section broken line structure, and the horizontal inclination angles of the inner wall of the side wall impact box from top to bottom are 34°, 63°, 81° and 90° respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism also includes a transmission plate and a grinding and shaping turntable, the grinding and shaping turntable is driven by motor 1, and spiral guide grooves are evenly provided on the circumferential side of the grinding and shaping turntable. Two transmission plates are provided, and the two transmission plates are symmetrically inclined. The transmission plates guide the ceramic coarse particles into the spiral guide grooves of the grinding and shaping turntable, and the inner side wall of the guide channel at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is inclined to form a necking structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism also includes two symmetrically arranged conveyor belt mechanisms, and the upper ends of the two conveyor belt mechanisms are arranged far apart, and the lower ends are arranged close to each other to form a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the wide upper end is opposite to the discharge port of the material guide channel. A feed baffle is provided on both sides of the conveyor belt of each conveyor belt mechanism, and three grinding and shaping rollers are evenly arranged between the two feed baffles in the same group. The surface of the grinding and shaping roller is provided with a texture structure with alternating horizontal stripes and oblique stripes, and the grinding and shaping roller is driven by motor 2.

[0011] Furthermore, the ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism includes a connecting cylinder and a plurality of material-diverting plates, wherein the plurality of material-diverting plates are installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder, and the connecting cylinder is driven to rotate by a built-in motor.

[0012] Furthermore, the crushing and shaping device also includes a supporting mechanism, which is supported on the discharge channel of the crusher box. The supporting mechanism includes three supporting frames, and a supporting foot is installed at the bottom end of each supporting frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the feed channel is a conical structure with an upper cross-section larger than a lower cross-section, and the lower cross-sectional area of the feed channel is smaller than the upper opening cross-sectional area of the side wall impact box. The discharge channel includes an equal-diameter cylindrical channel and a variable-diameter channel integrally arranged from top to bottom, and the variable-diameter channel is a conical structure with an upper cross-section smaller than a lower cross-section.

[0014] Furthermore, the motor 1 drives the grinding and shaping turntable and the crusher rotor to rotate through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes three sets of direction-changing transmission gear sets.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a crushing and shaping method for a crushing and shaping device of waste sanitary ceramics, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Place the crushing and shaping device on the horizontal ground with the support frame and support feet;

[0017] S2, turn on motor 1 and motor 2 in sequence, and preheat the instrument until the motor power is stable;

[0018] S3, pouring the blocky waste ceramics into the feeding channel, and the crusher rotor drives the crushing hammer to rotate under the drive of the motor 1, and the side wall impacts the inner wall of the box to coarsely crush the waste ceramics;

[0019] S4. The coarsely crushed ceramic particles enter the primary shaping mechanism along the transmission plate and enter the guide trough on the side of the grinding and shaping turntable under the action of gravity. During the rotation of the grinding and shaping turntable, the needle-shaped waste ceramic particles are crushed and ground in the process of stress concentration and deformation energy release, and are then transferred to the screen surface through the material guide channel;

[0020] S5. The ceramic granules after the primary shaping accumulate on the surface of the screen and enter the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism through the round or square screen holes;

[0021] S6. The ceramic granules that have passed through the sieve holes enter the conveyor mechanism under the guidance of the powder receiving mechanism and are transported downwards by the conveyor with the assistance of the feeding baffle. During the transportation process, they are ground and shaped in sequence by three sets of grinding and shaping rollers. The cross-texture grinding on the surface of the grinding and shaping rollers grinds the sharp edges and corners of the aggregates.

[0022] S7. The ceramic particles that have undergone secondary shaping enter the discharge port of the discharge channel at a uniform speed under the movement of the shifting plate, thus completing the crushing and shaping of the waste ceramics.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics created by the present invention are:

[0024] (1) The present invention creates a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics. The device is developed based on the principle of synergistic action between a crusher and a shaping device, thereby achieving effective crushing of ceramic solid waste and achieving a discharge product in the shape of a cube or a regular polyhedron. This reduces the content of needle-like particles in the discharge product, increases crushing efficiency, and improves the utilization rate of ceramic solid waste.

[0025] (2) In this application, the needle-shaped ceramic aggregate collides with the side wall in the grinding and shaping turntable, breaks it, and squeezes it. The particle shape is close to the shape of a regular polyhedron. According to the requirements of the highway engineering aggregate industry standards, a round hole or square hole sieve is set for screening. Aggregates that do not meet the passing requirements are further crushed in the mechanism.

[0026] (3) The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics created by the present invention can be used for other minerals and stones that are relatively brittle and contain a large amount of needle-like particles after coarse crushing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic front and cross-sectional view of a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic side cross-sectional view of a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3A schematic structural diagram of a grinding and shaping roller in a crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the surface of the grinding and shaping roller in the crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding and shaping turntable in a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a motor driving a crusher rotor and a crushing and shaping turntable in a crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the principle of six grinding and shaping rollers driven by motor 2 in a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the built-in motor driving the connecting cylinder to drive the material stripping plate to rotate.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Feed channel; 2. Side wall impact box; 3. Crusher rotor; 4. Transmission plate; 5. Grinding and shaping turntable; 6. Material guide channel; 7. Feed baffle; 8. Grinding and shaping roller; 9. Conveyor belt mechanism; 10. Equal diameter cylindrical channel; 11. Connecting cylinder; 12. Material shifting plate; 13. Discharge channel; 14. Support frame; 15. Support foot; 16. Screen; 17. Material distribution structure; 18. Motor 1; 19. Motor 2; 20. Crusher box; 21. Transmission gear set; 22. Synchronous toothed belt drive wheel set; 23. Built-in motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics includes a crusher housing 20, a waste ceramic crushing mechanism, a primary shaping mechanism for ceramic aggregates, a secondary shaping mechanism for ceramic aggregates, and a discharging mechanism for ceramic aggregates.

[0043] The upper end of the crusher housing is connected to the feed channel 1, and the lower end is connected to the discharge channel 13. The ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism and the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism are arranged from top to bottom in the crusher housing 20. The feed channel 1 is connected to the feed port at the upper end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism is arranged inside the ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the guide channel 6 at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is opposite to the feed space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism, and the discharge space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism is connected to the discharge channel. The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism is arranged in the discharging channel, the ceramic waste crushing mechanism includes a crusher rotor 3, and the ceramic waste is preliminarily crushed by the crusher rotor 3 to form ceramic coarse particles. The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism includes a grinding and shaping turntable 5, and the ceramic coarse particles are initially shaped by the grinding and shaping turntable 5. The ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism includes a plurality of grinding and shaping rollers 8, and the ceramic particles after the primary shaping are secondary shaped by the plurality of grinding and shaping rollers 8. The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism sends the secondary shaped ceramic particles out of the discharging channel 13 at a uniform speed.

[0044] After the ceramic waste is poured into the feed channel 1, it is centrifuged by the crusher rotor 3, so that the ceramic waste and the side wall impact box 2, as well as the ceramic waste, are squeezed and collided with each other to achieve preliminary crushing; the crushed ceramic granules enter the primary shaping mechanism through the transmission plate 4, and are initially shaped by the grinding and shaping turntable 5. The granules after the initial shaping enter the secondary shaping mechanism through the threaded guide groove on the side wall of the shaping turntable component 5. During the transportation process of the conveyor belt mechanism 9, three groups of grinding and shaping rollers 8 with cross stripes perform secondary grinding and shaping on the sharp edges of the granules, and enter the discharge channel 13. The discharge channel 13 is provided with a motor-controlled rotating shift plate 13 to discharge the ceramic granules that have been secondary shaped at a uniform speed from the discharge port, so that the discharged product is in the shape of a cube or a regular polyhedron, which solves the problem of a high content of needle-like particles after the sanitary ceramic waste is crushed by traditional processes, and improves the material crushing efficiency and granular quality.

[0045] A screen 16 is installed between the primary and secondary ceramic aggregate shaping mechanisms. It is removably mounted within the crusher housing and features a uniform pattern of circular or square apertures. Once the ceramic scrap undergoes crushing, primary shaping, and secondary shaping, it is broken down into approximately cubic or regular polyhedron shapes. The screen is positioned to screen the desired particle size according to industry standards.

[0046] A receiving and distributing structure 17 is provided between the primary and secondary ceramic aggregate shaping mechanisms. This receives and distributes the ceramic particles from the material guide channel 6 and directs them above the two conveyor belt mechanisms. The particles are then subjected to secondary shaping by three grinding and shaping rollers 8 on either side. The receiving and distributing structure 17 is a quadrangular prism with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section and is fixed to the inner wall of the crusher housing 20.

[0047] The ceramic waste crushing mechanism also includes a side wall impact box 2, two crusher rotors 3 are installed inside the side wall impact box 2, each crusher rotor 3 is driven by a motor 18 arranged outside the crusher box, a number of hammers are evenly arranged on the circumference of each crusher rotor 3, and a tooth roller type protrusion is provided on the surface of the crusher rotor 3 between two adjacent hammers. When the crusher rotor 3 is running, the inner wall of the side wall impact box 2 cooperates with the crusher rotor 3 to crush the ceramic waste. The inner wall of the side wall impact box 2 is a four-section broken line structure, and the horizontal inclination angles from top to bottom are 34°, 63°, 81° and 90° respectively. The material in the cavity is projected onto the impact plate through the rotation of the crushing hammer head. The approximate vertical projection of the material is achieved by setting the inclination angle of the impact plate as mentioned above, so that the material collides with the impact plate, thereby realizing the crushing of the ceramic material.

[0048] The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism also includes a transmission plate 4 and a grinding and shaping turntable 5. The grinding and shaping turntable 5 is driven by a motor 18. A plurality of spiral guide grooves are evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the grinding and shaping turntable 5. Two transmission plates 4 are provided. The two transmission plates 4 are symmetrically inclined, and the transmission plates 4 guide the ceramic coarse particles into the spiral guide grooves of the grinding and shaping turntable 5. The inner side wall of the guide channel 6 at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is inclined to form a necking structure.

[0049] The ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism also includes two symmetrically arranged conveyor belt mechanisms 9, and the upper ends of the two conveyor belt mechanisms 9 are arranged far apart, and the lower ends are arranged close to each other to form a structure with a wide mouth at the upper end and a narrow mouth at the lower end, and the wide mouth at the upper end is directly opposite to the outlet of the material guide channel. A feed baffle 7 is provided on both sides of the conveyor belt of each conveyor belt mechanism 9, and three grinding and shaping rollers 8 are evenly arranged between the two feed baffles 7 of the same group. The surface of the grinding and shaping roller 8 is provided with a texture structure with horizontal stripes and oblique stripes alternately arranged, which grinds the sharp edges and corners of the crushed granular material for secondary shaping of the granular material; the grinding and shaping roller 8 is driven by motor 2 19, and all the grinding and shaping rollers are uniformly controlled by one motor 2 19, and the synchronous toothed belt drive wheel group 22 is driven by motor 2 19 to realize that one motor 2 19 drives six grinding and shaping rollers 8 to operate simultaneously, and the synchronous toothed belt drive wheel group 2 2 includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a first belt, and a second belt. The driving gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second motor 19, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. The driving pulley of the first belt is sleeved on the output shaft, one group of grinding and shaping rollers 8 is arranged on the first belt, and the other group of grinding and shaping rollers is arranged on the second belt. The driving pulley of the second belt is arranged and installed on the output shaft of the driven gear. The first belt and the second belt are also provided with a plurality of driven pulleys. The output shaft of the second motor 19 rotates to drive the first belt to operate, so that the first group of grinding and shaping rollers rotates. The output shaft of the second motor 19 simultaneously drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate and the output shaft of the driven gear rotates, thereby driving the second belt to operate. The second belt drives the second group of grinding and shaping rollers to rotate. The belt can be a toothed belt, and the wheel matched with the belt is a toothed wheel to facilitate the transmission of motion.

[0050] The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism includes a connecting cylinder 11 and several material-discharging plates 12 . The several material-discharging plates 12 are installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder 11 . The connecting cylinder 11 is controlled to rotate by a built-in motor 23 . The housing of the built-in motor 23 is welded and fixed to the side wall of the discharging channel 13 .

[0051] The crushing and shaping device also includes a supporting mechanism, which is used to place and fix the crushing and shaping equipment. The supporting mechanism is supported on the discharge channel of the crusher box. The supporting mechanism includes three supporting frames 14, and a supporting foot 15 is installed at the bottom end of each supporting frame 14.

[0052] The feed channel 1 is a truncated cone structure with a larger cross-section at the upper end than at the lower end, and the cross-sectional area at the lower end of the feed channel 1 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the upper end opening of the side wall impact box 2. The discharge channel 13 includes an equal-diameter cylindrical channel 10 and a variable-diameter channel integrally arranged from top to bottom, and the variable-diameter channel is a truncated cone structure with a smaller cross-sectional area at the upper end than at the lower end.

[0053] The motor 18 drives the grinding and shaping turntable 5 and the crusher rotor 3 to rotate through a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes three sets of direction-changing transmission gear sets 21, which are driven by the motor 18. The grinding and shaping turntable 5 and one of the crusher rotors 3 are driven to rotate through the three sets of direction-changing transmission gear sets. The other crusher rotor is driven to rotate separately by another motor 1.

[0054] The crusher box 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, with a length, width and height of 100 cm, 100 cm and 150 cm respectively.

[0055] A crushing and shaping method of a crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics specifically comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1. Fix the crushing and shaping device on the horizontal ground through the support frame 14 and the support feet 15;

[0057] S2, start motor 1 18 and motor 2 19 in sequence, and preheat the instrument until the motor power is stable;

[0058] S3, pouring the blocky waste ceramics into the feed channel 1, and driving the motor 18 through the crusher rotor 3 to drive the crushing hammer to rotate, and the side wall impacts the inner wall of the box 2 to coarsely crush the waste ceramics;

[0059] S4, the coarsely crushed ceramic particles enter the primary shaping mechanism along the transmission plate 4, and enter the guide groove on the side of the grinding and shaping turntable 5 under the action of gravity. During the rotation of the grinding and shaping turntable 5, the needle-shaped waste ceramic particles are crushed and polished under the action of the grinding and shaping turntable 5 and the inner wall of the lower end of the side wall impact box 2 in the process of stress concentration and deformation potential energy release, and are transmitted to the surface of the screen 16 through the guide channel 6;

[0060] S5, the ceramic granules after the primary shaping are accumulated on the surface of the screen 16 and enter the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism through the circular or square sieve holes;

[0061] S6. The ceramic granules passing through the sieve holes enter the conveyor mechanism under the guidance of the powder receiving mechanism 17 and are transported downward by the conveyor with the assistance of the feeding baffle 7. During the transportation process, they are ground and shaped in sequence by three sets of grinding and shaping rollers 8. The cross-texture grinding on the surface of the grinding and shaping rollers 8 grinds the sharp edges and corners of the aggregates.

[0062] S7. The ceramic granules after the secondary shaping enter the discharge port of the discharge channel 13 at a uniform speed under the movement of the material shifting plate 12, thus completing the crushing and shaping of the waste ceramics.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Numerous modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention.

Claims

1. A crushing and shaping device for waste sanitary ceramics, characterized by: It comprises a crusher housing (20), a ceramic waste crushing mechanism, a ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism, a ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism and a ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism. The upper end of the crusher housing is connected to a feed channel (1), and the lower end is connected to a discharge channel (13). The ceramic waste crushing mechanism, the ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism and the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism are arranged from top to bottom in the crusher housing (20). The feed channel (1) is connected to the feed port at the upper end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism is arranged inside the ceramic waste crushing mechanism. The guide channel (6) at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is opposite to the feed space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism. The discharge space of the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism is connected to the discharge channel. The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism is arranged in a discharging channel. The ceramic waste crushing mechanism comprises a crusher rotor (3), which performs preliminary crushing on the ceramic waste to form ceramic coarse granules through the crusher rotor (3). The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism comprises a grinding and shaping turntable (5), which performs primary shaping on the ceramic coarse granules through the grinding and shaping turntable (5). The ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism comprises a plurality of grinding and shaping rollers (8), which performs secondary shaping on the ceramic granules after primary shaping through the plurality of grinding and shaping rollers (8). The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism uniformly sends the secondary shaped ceramic granules out of the discharging channel (13).

2. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screen (16) is provided between the primary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregates and the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregates. The screen (16) is detachably installed in the crusher housing, and a plurality of circular sieve holes or square sieve holes are evenly arranged on the screen (16); a receiving and distributing structure (17) is provided between the primary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregates and the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregates. The receiving and distributing structure (17) guides the ceramic particles coming out of the material guide channel (6) into the feed space of the secondary shaping mechanism of ceramic aggregates, and performs secondary shaping on the ceramic particles through the grinding and shaping roller (8).

3. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic waste crushing mechanism also includes a side wall impact box (2), two crusher rotors (3) are installed inside the side wall impact box (2), each crusher rotor (3) is driven by a motor (18) arranged outside the crusher box, a plurality of hammers are evenly arranged on the circumference of each crusher rotor (3), and a tooth roller type protrusion is provided on the surface of the crusher rotor (3) between two adjacent hammers. When the crusher rotor (3) is running, the inner wall of the side wall impact box (2) cooperates with the crusher rotor (3) to crush the ceramic waste. The inner wall of the side wall impact box (2) is a four-section broken line structure, and the horizontal inclination angles of the inner wall of the side wall impact box from top to bottom are 34°, 63°, 81° and 90° respectively.

4. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic aggregate primary shaping mechanism also includes a transmission plate (4) and a grinding and shaping turntable (5), wherein the grinding and shaping turntable (5) is driven by a motor (18), and spiral guide grooves are evenly arranged on the circumferential side of the grinding and shaping turntable (5). Two transmission plates (4) are provided, and the two transmission plates (4) are symmetrically inclined. The transmission plates (4) guide the ceramic coarse particles into the spiral guide grooves of the grinding and shaping turntable (5), and the inner side wall of the guide channel (6) at the bottom end of the ceramic waste crushing mechanism is inclined to form a necking structure.

5. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism also includes two symmetrically arranged conveyor belt mechanisms (9), and the upper ends of the two conveyor belt mechanisms (9) are arranged far apart, and the lower ends are arranged close to each other to form a structure with a wide upper end and a narrow lower end, and the wide upper end is directly opposite to the outlet of the material guide channel. A feed baffle (7) is provided on both sides of the conveyor belt of each conveyor belt mechanism (9), and three grinding and shaping rollers (8) are evenly arranged between the two feed baffles (7) in the same group. The surface of the grinding and shaping roller (8) is provided with a texture structure with horizontal stripes and oblique stripes alternately arranged, and the grinding and shaping roller (8) is driven by motor 2 (19).

6. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ceramic aggregate discharging mechanism comprises a connecting cylinder (11) and a plurality of material-diverting plates (12). The plurality of material-diverting plates (12) are installed at the bottom of the connecting cylinder (11). The connecting cylinder (11) is driven to rotate by a built-in motor (23).

7. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and shaping device also includes a supporting mechanism, which is supported on the discharge channel of the crusher box. The supporting mechanism includes three supporting frames (14), and a supporting foot (15) is installed at the bottom end of each supporting frame (14).

8. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed channel (1) is a truncated cone structure with an upper cross-section larger than a lower cross-section, and the lower cross-sectional area of the feed channel (1) is smaller than the upper opening cross-sectional area of the side wall impact box (2). The discharge channel (13) comprises a constant diameter cylindrical channel (10) and a variable diameter channel integrally arranged from top to bottom, and the variable diameter channel is a truncated cone structure with an upper cross-sectional area smaller than a lower cross-sectional area.

9. The device for crushing and shaping waste sanitary ceramics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motor 1 (18) drives the grinding and shaping turntable (5) and the crusher rotor (3) to rotate through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism includes three sets of direction-changing transmission gear sets (21).

10. The crushing and shaping method of the waste sanitary ceramics crushing and shaping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. The crushing and shaping device is fixedly placed on a horizontal ground through a support frame (14) and a support foot (15); S2, start motor 1 (18) and motor 2 (19) in sequence, and preheat the instrument until the motor power is stable; S3, pouring the blocky waste ceramics into the feed channel (1), and driving the crusher rotor (3) to rotate the crushing hammer under the drive of the motor 1 (18), and coarsely crushing the waste ceramics by cooperating with the side wall to impact the inner wall of the box body (2); S4, the coarsely crushed ceramic granules enter the primary shaping mechanism along the transmission plate (4), and enter the guide groove on the side of the grinding and shaping turntable (5) under the action of gravity. During the rotation of the grinding and shaping turntable (5), the needle-shaped waste ceramic granules are crushed and ground in the process of stress concentration and deformation energy release, and are transmitted to the surface of the screen (16) through the guide channel (6); S5, the ceramic granules after the primary shaping are accumulated on the surface of the screen (16) and enter the ceramic aggregate secondary shaping mechanism through the circular or square screen holes; S6. The ceramic granules passing through the sieve holes enter the conveyor mechanism under the guidance of the receiving and distributing mechanism (17), and are transported downwards via the conveyor with the assistance of the feeding baffle (7). During the transportation process, the granules are ground and shaped in sequence by three groups of grinding and shaping rollers (8). The cross-grained grinding on the surface of the grinding and shaping rollers (8) grinds the sharp edges and corners of the aggregates; S7. The ceramic granules after the secondary shaping enter the discharge port of the discharge channel (13) at a uniform speed under the movement of the material shifting plate (12), thus completing the crushing and shaping of the waste ceramics.

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