Deep foundation pit supporting structure and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a deep foundation pit supporting structure, which comprises four anchor rods, one anchor rod is arranged at each corner of the deep foundation pit, and the lower end of the anchor rod is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; a plurality of supporting mechanisms are arranged in the deep foundation pit in the vertical direction at intervals; the lowermost supporting mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; each supporting mechanism comprises four positioning cylinders and four pairs of supporting rods; a plurality of retaining mechanisms are arranged at each side wall of the deep foundation pit, one side of each retaining mechanism is in abutment with the plurality of supporting rods, the other side is in abutment with the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit. The application can be applied to the supporting of deep foundation pits of various sizes, occupies a smaller internal space of the deep foundation pit, causes a smaller damage range to the soil layer of the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the whole supporting structure is convenient to store and transport.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of foundation pit construction. More particularly, the present application relates to a deep foundation pit supporting structure and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The stability of deep foundation pit supporting technology is a key factor affecting the smooth progress of deep foundation pit construction. Deep foundation pit supporting technology is a kind of supporting construction technology for reinforcing, supporting and protecting the side wall and surrounding environment of deep foundation pit. The deep foundation pit supporting method mainly includes flat support, inclined support and reverse anchoring support. Flat support needs to occupy a large space inside the foundation pit, affecting the progress of other construction operations inside the foundation pit. Inclined support has a long construction period and poor support effect. Reverse anchoring support is prone to group anchor effect, has small safety factor and poor stability, and has complicated construction process and long construction period. In addition, the existing deep foundation pit supporting structure has fixed size and cannot be adjusted, and can only be applied to deep foundation pit supporting with suitable size, which greatly limits the application range of the supporting structure. In addition, the existing deep foundation pit supporting structure seriously damages the soil layer of the foundation pit during supporting construction and later demolition construction.

[0003] The invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN113494093B discloses a deep foundation pit supporting structure. When supporting the foundation pit, the inserting rod is inserted into the soil body of the side wall of the foundation pit, and the concrete slurry can flow into the soil body near the inserting rod through the grouting hole, the fixing hole and the flow guide hole. The supporting structure provided by the above-mentioned patent technology occupies a small space inside the foundation pit. However, when supporting the foundation pit, the inserting rod needs to be inserted into the soil body of the side wall of the foundation pit, and the slurry also needs to be injected inward, which seriously damages the side wall of the foundation pit, and the supporting structure is troublesome to disassemble later. SUMMARY

[0004] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.

[0005] Another object of the present application is to provide a deep foundation pit supporting structure and a construction method to solve the technical problems described in the background art.

[0006] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present application, the present application provides a deep foundation pit supporting structure, which comprises:

[0007] Four anchor rods, one anchor rod is arranged corresponding to each corner of the deep foundation pit, and the lower end of the anchor rod is vertically inserted into the soil of the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0008] A plurality of supporting mechanisms are arranged in the deep foundation pit along the vertical direction; the lowermost supporting mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; each supporting mechanism comprises:

[0009] Four positioning cylinders, one for each anchoring rod; each positioning cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the anchoring rod;

[0010] Four pairs of support rods, one pair for each adjacent positioning cylinder; the adjacent ends of each pair of support rods are hingedly connected to each other, and the other ends are hingedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the adjacent positioning cylinder; each support rod is a telescopic rod body;

[0011] A plurality of blocking mechanisms, one for each side wall of the deep foundation pit; one side of each blocking mechanism is in abutment with the corresponding plurality of support rods, and the other side is in abutment with the side wall of the corresponding deep foundation pit; the bottom of the blocking mechanism is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit.

[0012] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure, each anchoring rod comprises:

[0013] A hollow rod, which is a hollow structure with open ends; the hollow rod is vertically arranged at the position corresponding to the corner of the deep foundation pit;

[0014] A plurality of pairs of elastic mechanisms, one pair for each support mechanism; each pair of elastic mechanisms is respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the positioning cylinder of the corresponding support mechanism; each elastic mechanism comprises a plurality of elastic members arranged in the circumferential direction; each elastic member is elastically connected to the side wall of the hollow rod in the radial direction; one end of each elastic member is located inside the hollow rod, and the other end can extend out of the hollow rod to the outside of the hollow rod in the radial direction; the top and bottom of each positioning cylinder are in contact with the other end of the plurality of elastic members; the end face of each elastic member is a wedge-shaped structure, and the ends of the plurality of elastic members form a conical structure gap;

[0015] An anchor rod, which is coaxially sleeved in the hollow rod; the lower end of the anchor rod is a conical structure matched with the gap; the lower end of the anchor rod vertically penetrates through the plurality of gaps and extrudes and pushes away the plurality of elastic members, so that the other end of the elastic member extends to the outside of the hollow rod; the lower end of the anchor rod is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit.

[0016] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure, a plurality of hole groups are arranged on the hollow rod in the vertical direction; each elastic mechanism corresponds to a hole group; each hole group comprises a plurality of holes arranged in the circumferential direction; each hole penetrates in the radial direction; each elastic member corresponds to a hole;

[0017] Each elastic member comprises:

[0018] A movable rod, one end of which is located inside the hollow rod, and the other end of which can extend to the outside of the hollow rod through the hole; one end of the movable rod is a wedge-shaped structure;

[0019] A spring, which is sleeved on one end of the movable rod; one end of the spring is connected to the end of the movable rod, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the hollow rod.

[0020] A first rolling ball is embedded on the end face of the other end of the movable rod.

[0021] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure comprises:

[0022] A fixed plate is parallel to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit, and the lower end of the fixed plate is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit;

[0023] An air bag is arranged on the side of the fixed plate close to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit;

[0024] A plurality of retaining plates are arranged on the side of the air bag close to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit, and any two adjacent retaining plates are hinged by a hinge.

[0025] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure comprises:

[0026] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure comprises:

[0027] Preferably, the deep foundation pit support structure comprises:

[0028] The application further provides a construction method of the deep foundation pit support structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: vertically inserting an anchor rod into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit at the position of each corner of the deep foundation pit;

[0030] Step two, flatten each support mechanism by pressing down four pairs of support rods, so that each pair of support rods is in a horizontal line along the direction parallel to the side wall of the deep foundation pit; according to the horizontal length of each side wall of the deep foundation pit, adjust the length of each support rod, so that the length of each pair of support rods and the radius of the positioning cylinder are equal to the horizontal length of the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; four positioning cylinders of the unfolded support mechanism are respectively sleeved on four anchor rods, and the height of the support mechanism is adjusted, and the lowermost support mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit.

[0031] Step three, insert a retaining mechanism between each side wall of the deep foundation pit and the corresponding plurality of support rods, the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil of the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, and one side is in abutment with the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the other side is in abutment with the plurality of pairs of support rods.

[0032] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1、The present application sets adjustable size support mechanism, so that the support structure is suitable for supporting deep foundation pits of different sizes, and further the support mechanism is fixed by four anchor rods located at the top corners of the foundation pit, which occupies less internal space of the deep foundation pit, and the present application can effectively reinforce, support and protect the side wall of the deep foundation pit through the cooperation of the four retaining mechanisms and the support mechanism, while the damage range of the soil layer of the side wall of the deep foundation pit is small; when disassembled later, only the plurality of support mechanisms need to be lifted up from the four anchor rods and disassembled, and then the four retaining mechanisms and the four anchor rods are pulled up to complete the disassembly of the support structure, and the plurality of support mechanisms can be folded like a baby carriage in common knowledge, and the four sides are folded to facilitate the storage of the entire support structure.

[0034] 2、The present application discloses the specific structure of each anchor rod, the anchor rod comprises a hollow rod, an elastic mechanism spaced apart in the vertical direction on the hollow rod and an anchor rod inserted in the hollow rod, the elastic mechanism comprises a plurality of elastic members which can be radially ejected, the elastic mechanism is used for clamping and fixing the positioning cylinder of the corresponding support mechanism, so as to avoid the shaking and displacement of the positioning cylinder, and the elastic members are ejected to the outside of the hollow rod under the ejection of the anchor rod, so as to realize the stable clamping of the positioning cylinder.

[0035] 3. The specific structure of the elastic mechanism is disclosed, each elastic piece comprises a movable rod movably arranged in a through hole of a hollow rod in a radial direction, one end of the movable rod is located in the interior of the hollow rod, the other end passes through the through hole and can extend to the exterior of the hollow rod in the radial direction, one end of the movable rod is connected with the inner wall of the hollow rod through a spring, the other end is provided with a first ball, the two sides of the movable rod can be slidably connected with the inner wall of the through hole in the radial direction through a sliding block, one end of the movable rod is provided in a wedge-shaped structure, and a plurality of movable rods form a conical gap, so that the anchor rod can more smoothly pass through the plurality of movable rods and push the movable rods outward in the radial direction; the spring is arranged to realize the elastic sliding connection of the movable rod and the hollow rod, so that the movable rod can move in the radial direction relative to the hollow rod, and can also automatically recover under the action of the spring, the other end of the movable rod is provided with a spherical first ball, so that when the supporting mechanism passes through the elastic piece downward or upward, the movable rod can be squeezed and restored to the through hole, so that the supporting mechanism can freely pass through the plurality of elastic pieces under the action of external force (downward pressing force or upward lifting force), and after the supporting mechanism is moved to the position and the external force is removed, the supporting mechanism can be clamped between a corresponding pair of elastic mechanisms.

[0036] 4. The specific structure of each guard mechanism is disclosed, each guard mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a plurality of guard plates and an air bag arranged between the fixed plate and the guard plate, the plurality of guard plates are hingedly connected to form a whole flexible plate body corresponding to the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the guard plate can be more closely attached to the side wall of the deep foundation pit by inflating the air bag with gas, so that the reinforcing and supporting effect of the guard mechanism on the side wall of the deep foundation pit is improved.

[0037] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be apparent from the following description, and will be understood by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the deep foundation pit supporting structure described in one technical solution of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the deep foundation pit supporting structure described in another technical solution of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the deep foundation pit supporting structure described in another technical solution of the present application is shown; Figure 1 The local enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism in the unfolded state in another technical solution of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the supporting mechanism in the folded state in another technical solution of the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor rod structure in another technical solution of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of part B in the image.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Side wall of deep foundation pit; 2-Anchor rod; 21-Hollow rod; 22-Anchor rod; 3-Support mechanism; 31-Positioning cylinder; 32-Support rod; 321-Outer rod; 322-Inner rod; 323-Locking plate; 324-Pin; 325-Handle; 326-Second ball bearing; 4-Guarding mechanism; 41-Fixing plate; 411-Anchor nail; 42-Airbag; 43-Guarding plate; 5-Elastic element; 51-Through hole; 52-Modible rod; 53-Spring; 54-First ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0047] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0048] In the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a deep foundation pit support structure, which includes:

[0050] Four anchor rods 2 are installed at each corner of the deep foundation pit, with the lower end of the anchor rod 2 vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit.

[0051] Multiple support mechanisms 3 are vertically spaced within the deep foundation pit; the lowest support mechanism 3 is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; each support mechanism 3 includes:

[0052] Four positioning cylinders 31 are provided, one positioning cylinder 31 is provided for each anchor rod 2; each positioning cylinder 31 is coaxially sleeved on the anchor rod 2;

[0053] Four pairs of support rods 32, a pair of support rods 32 is arranged between any adjacent two positioning barrels 31, the adjacent ends of each pair of support rods 32 are hinged to each other, and the other ends away from each other are hinged to the circumferential side wall of the adjacent positioning barrel 31; each support rod 32 is a telescopic rod body;

[0054] A plurality of retaining mechanisms 4, one retaining mechanism 4 is arranged on each side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit, one side of each retaining mechanism 4 abuts against the corresponding plurality of support rods 32, and the other side abuts against the corresponding side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit, and the bottom of the retaining mechanism 4 is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit.

[0055] In the above technical solution, the present application provides a deep foundation pit support structure (suitable for a square structure deep foundation pit), which comprises four anchor rods, one anchor rod is arranged at each of the four corners of the deep foundation pit, and the anchor rod is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; the four anchor rods serve as four positioning points, a plurality of support mechanisms are sleeved on the four anchor rods, each support mechanism comprises four side edges (a pair of support rods) corresponding to the four side walls of the deep foundation pit respectively, the length of each pair of support rods is adjustable, thereby making the deep foundation pit support structure suitable for supporting deep foundation pits of different sizes, in addition, a pair of support rods can be folded at the connection, thereby realizing folding and storage of the support mechanism, each support mechanism is sleeved on the four anchor rods by four positioning barrels, each pair of support rods is adjacent to the side wall of the deep foundation pit, then a retaining mechanism is inserted between the plurality of support rods on the same side (the side on which a side wall of the deep foundation pit is located) and the side wall of the deep foundation pit, the retaining mechanism is clamped between two positioning barrels in the horizontal direction, and is clamped between the plurality of support rods and the side wall of the deep foundation pit in the thickness direction, thereby realizing effective reinforcement and support protection of the side wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0056] The working principle of each support mechanism is as follows: the ends of a pair of support rods away from each other are bent downward, the pair of support rods rotates by 90 degrees about the connection point, and each support rod rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state, that is, a pair of support rods are folded and stored, four pairs of support rods are operated in the same way, and the entire support mechanism can be folded into a state in which the four positioning barrels are adjacent, each support rod is in a vertical state of folding and storage, and the volume is small, thereby facilitating storage and carrying; when support is needed, the connection of each pair of support rods is pressed downward, the end of each support rod connected with the positioning barrel rotates upward to a horizontal state of the support rod, four pairs of support rods are operated in the same way, and the entire support mechanism can be unfolded into a quadrilateral frame structure.

[0057] In the above technical solution, the deep foundation pit support structure is used in the construction process as follows:

[0058] Step A, vertically downwardly inserting one anchor rod at each of the positions of the four corners of the deep foundation pit to be supported, so that the lower end of the anchor rod is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0059] Step B, press down each support mechanism four pairs of support rods to flatten, so that each pair of support rods is in a linear structure horizontally along the direction parallel to the side wall of the deep foundation pit; according to the horizontal length of each side wall of the deep foundation pit, the length of each support rod 32 is adjusted, so that the length of each pair of support rods and the radius of the positioning cylinder are equal to the horizontal length of the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; the four positioning cylinders of the unfolded support mechanism are respectively sleeved on the four anchor rods, and the height of the support mechanism is adjusted, and the lowermost support mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0060] Step C, insert a retaining mechanism between each side wall of the deep foundation pit and the corresponding plurality of support rods, the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil of the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, one side of the retaining mechanism abuts against the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the other side abuts against the plurality of pairs of support rods.

[0061] The present application provides a kind of deep foundation pit support structure, comprising: a plurality of support mechanisms, each support mechanism includes: four pairs of support rods, each pair of support rods is connected to the corresponding positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder is connected to the corresponding anchor rod; the support mechanism is fixed to the corresponding anchor rod by the positioning cylinder; the support mechanism is used to support the side wall of the deep foundation pit by the four pairs of support rods.

[0062] The present application provides a kind of deep foundation pit support structure, comprising: a plurality of support mechanisms, each support mechanism includes: four pairs of support rods, each pair of support rods is connected to the corresponding positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder is connected to the corresponding anchor rod; the support mechanism is fixed to the corresponding anchor rod by the positioning cylinder; the support mechanism is used to support the side wall of the deep foundation pit by the four pairs of support rods.

[0063] Another technical solution, the deep foundation pit support structure, each anchor rod 2 includes:

[0064] Hollow rod 21, which is a hollow structure with open ends, is vertically arranged at the corresponding corner position of the deep foundation pit;

[0065] A plurality of elastic mechanisms, one pair of elastic mechanisms is arranged for each support mechanism 3, each pair of elastic mechanisms is arranged for the top and bottom of the positioning cylinder of the corresponding support mechanism, each elastic mechanism comprises a plurality of elastic members 5 arranged in the circumferential direction, each elastic member 5 is elastically and slidably connected to the side wall of the hollow rod 21 in the radial direction, one end of each elastic member 5 is located inside the hollow rod 21, and the other end can extend to the outside of the hollow rod 21 in the radial direction, and the top and bottom of each positioning cylinder 31 are in contact with the other end of the plurality of elastic members 5; one end face of each elastic member 5 is a wedge-shaped structure, and the plurality of elastic members 5 form a conical structure gap at one end;

[0066] An anchor rod 22 is coaxially sleeved in the hollow rod 21, the lower end of the anchor rod 22 is a conical structure matched with the gap, the lower end of the anchor rod 22 vertically penetrates through the plurality of gaps and extrudes and pushes away the plurality of elastic members 5, so that the other end of the elastic member 5 extends to the outside of the hollow rod 21, and the lower end of the anchor rod 22 is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit.

[0067] In the above technical solution, the specific structure of each anchor rod is disclosed, the anchor rod comprises a hollow rod, an elastic mechanism arranged on the hollow rod in the vertical direction and an anchor rod inserted into the hollow rod, the elastic mechanism comprises a plurality of elastic members that can be popped out in the radial direction, the elastic mechanism is used for clamping and fixing the positioning cylinder of the corresponding support mechanism, so that the positioning cylinder is prevented from shaking and shifting, and the elastic member is popped out to the outside of the hollow rod under the insertion and resistance of the anchor rod, so that the positioning cylinder is stably clamped;

[0068] Specifically, before the anchor rod of the anchor rod is inserted into the hollow rod, the elastic member is in a natural elongation state, one end of the movable rod is located inside the hollow rod, the other end penetrates through the through hole and is located outside the hollow rod, a small section of the other end protrudes outside the hollow rod, and under the vertical downward extrusion force, the small section can be automatically retracted into the through hole; when the anchor rod is inserted into the hollow rod, the lower end of the anchor rod extrudes each elastic member in the radial direction when passing through the plurality of elastic members of each elastic mechanism in turn, the other end of the elastic member moves in the radial direction away from the hollow rod, the elastic member is compressed, and after the anchor rod is inserted in place, the length of the other end of the plurality of elastic members of each elastic mechanism located outside the hollow rod is increased, and under the action of the anchor rod, the elastic member is fixed and cannot move in the radial direction, and each positioning cylinder is arranged with one elastic mechanism at the top and the bottom, so that the positioning cylinder can be well fixed, unnecessary movement of the positioning cylinder is avoided, and the supporting effect is affected;

[0069] When the support structure is supported, first, four hollow tubes are inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit, and then the unfolded support mechanism is sleeved on the four hollow tubes through the four positioning tubes. When each support mechanism passes through the elastic mechanism, it is pressed downward, and the plurality of elastic members are radially retracted under the thrusting force of the downward movement of the positioning tube. The support mechanism moves downward to the position after passing through the upper elastic mechanism, and the bottom of the positioning tube of the support mechanism is placed on the other end of the plurality of elastic members at the lower part, and the top is in contact with the other end of the plurality of elastic members at the upper part. After the plurality of support mechanisms are installed in place by such operation, an anchor rod is vertically inserted into the inside of each hollow rod, and the lower end of the anchor rod pushes the plurality of elastic members radially outward when passing through each elastic mechanism, and the other end of each elastic member protrudes more from the hollow rod. After the lower end of the anchor rod is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit, each elastic member is compressed and positioned, and each positioning tube is clamped between a corresponding pair of elastic mechanisms.

[0070] When the support mechanism is disassembled, the anchor rod is pulled upward, each elastic member is bounced back radially inward under the restoring force of the elastic force, the length of the other end of the elastic member protruding from the hollow rod returns to the initial position, and after the four anchor rods are pulled out, the plurality of support mechanisms are lifted upward from top to bottom. During the lifting process, the elastic member is retracted radially inward under the extrusion of the positioning tube, the positioning tube passes through the elastic member and moves above the elastic member. After the plurality of support mechanisms are lifted and removed by such operation, the plurality of hollow rods are finally pulled upward.

[0071] In another technical solution, the deep foundation pit support structure, a plurality of hole groups are provided on the hollow rod 21 in the vertical direction, and each elastic mechanism corresponds to a hole group. Each hole group includes a plurality of through holes 51 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and each through hole 51 extends radially. Each elastic member 5 corresponds to a through hole 51;

[0072] Each elastic member includes:

[0073] The movable rod 52 has one end inside the hollow rod 21 and the other end extending to the outside of the hollow rod 21 through the through hole 51. One end of the movable rod 52 is a wedge-shaped structure.

[0074] The spring 53 is sleeved on one end of the movable rod 52, one end of the spring 53 is connected with the end of the movable rod 52, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the hollow rod 21.

[0075] The first ball 54 is rollingly embedded on the end face of the other end of the movable rod 52.

[0076] In the technical scheme, the specific structure of the elastic mechanism is disclosed, each elastic piece comprises a movable rod movably arranged in a through hole of the hollow rod in the radial direction, one end of the movable rod is located inside the hollow rod, the other end of the movable rod passes through the through hole and can extend to the outside of the hollow rod in the radial direction, one end of the movable rod is connected to the inner wall of the hollow rod through a spring, the other end of the movable rod is provided with a first ball, the two sides of the movable rod are slidably connected to the inner wall of the through hole in the radial direction through a sliding block, one end of the movable rod is provided in a wedge-shaped structure, and a plurality of movable rods form a conical gap, so that the anchor rod can more smoothly pass through the plurality of movable rods and push the movable rods outward in the radial direction; the spring is arranged to achieve elastic sliding connection of the movable rod and the hollow rod, so that the movable rod can move in the radial direction relative to the hollow rod, and the movable rod can also automatically recover under the action of the spring; the other end of the movable rod is provided with a spherical first ball, so that when the support mechanism passes through the elastic piece downward or upward, the movable rod can be squeezed and compressed back into the through hole, so that the support mechanism can freely pass through the plurality of elastic pieces under the action of external force (downward pressing force or upward lifting force), and after the support mechanism is moved to the position and the external force is removed, the support mechanism can be clamped between a corresponding pair of elastic mechanisms.

[0077] Before the support structure is supported and constructed, the anchor rod is not inserted into the hollow rod, the spring of each elastic piece is in a natural elongation state, one end of the movable rod is located inside the hollow rod, and the plurality of movable rods form a conical structure coaxial with the hollow rod, and the first ball on the other end protrudes from the circumferential side wall of the hollow tube; when each support mechanism is lowered or lifted, the positioning cylinder of the support mechanism squeezes through the plurality of elastic pieces located on the upper part of the positioning cylinder, and after the support mechanism is installed and lowered to the position, the positioning cylinder is clamped between a corresponding pair of elastic mechanisms; it should be noted that the spring force of the elastic piece is set to be insufficient to compress the elastic piece inward to the standard of the weight of the entire support structure, and an external force applied to the support mechanism can compress the elastic piece inward.

[0078] In another technical scheme, the deep foundation pit support structure, each retaining mechanism 4 comprises:

[0079] A fixed plate 41 parallel to the side wall 1 corresponding to the deep foundation pit, the lower end of the fixed plate 41 is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit;

[0080] An air bag 42 arranged on one side of the fixed plate 41 close to the side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit;

[0081] A plurality of retaining plates 43 arranged on one side of the air bag 42 close to the side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit, and any two adjacent retaining plates 43 are hinged through a hinge.

[0082] In the technical scheme, the application further discloses a specific structure of each retaining and protecting mechanism, each retaining and protecting mechanism comprising a fixed plate, a plurality of retaining and protecting plates and an air bag arranged between the fixed plate and the retaining and protecting plates, the plurality of retaining and protecting plates being hingedly connected to form a flexible plate body corresponding to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit, and the retaining and protecting plates can be closely attached to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit by inflating the air bag, thereby improving the reinforcing and retaining effect of the retaining and protecting mechanism on the sidewall of the deep foundation pit.

[0083] Before the construction of the supporting structure, the air bag is not inflated, and the thickness of the entire retaining and protecting mechanism is small, facilitating the insertion of the retaining and protecting mechanism; during the construction of the supporting structure, the retaining and protecting mechanism is inserted between the anchoring rods and the supporting rods after the construction of the anchoring rods and the supporting rods is completed, the air bag is inflated after the retaining and protecting mechanism is inserted in place, so that the plurality of retaining and protecting plates can be closely attached to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit; and the air in the air bag is discharged when the supporting structure is disassembled after the supporting is completed, and the retaining and protecting mechanism can be pulled out upward.

[0084] In another technical scheme, the deep foundation pit supporting structure, a plurality of anchoring nails 411 are arranged at the bottom of each fixed plate 41 along the length direction of the fixed plate 41. The plurality of anchoring nails 411 are arranged at the bottom of the fixed plate, and each anchoring nail is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit, thereby improving the stability of the fixed plate and the stability of the entire supporting structure.

[0085] In another technical scheme, the deep foundation pit supporting structure, each supporting rod 32 comprises two outer rods 321 and an inner rod 322 connecting the two outer rods 321, the two ends of the inner rod 322 are slidably sleeved at one end of the two outer rods 321, respectively, one end of each outer rod 321 of each supporting rod 32 is hingedly connected to a corresponding positioning cylinder 31, and the other end of the other outer rod 321 is hingedly connected to the other outer rod 321 of an adjacent supporting rod; a plurality of second rolling balls 326 are arranged on one side of each outer rod 321 close to the sidewall of the deep foundation pit. The sliding arrangement of the outer rod and the inner rod of each supporting rod can refer to the design structure of a conventional tape measure, that is, the outer rod can be pulled out relative to the inner rod under the action of an external force, but cannot be retracted, and can be automatically retracted by pushing a spring piece; other conventional technical means can also be used to design the supporting rod, as long as the outer rod and the inner rod can slide relative to each other, and the sliding is not automatically retracted after being in place, but needs to be retracted under the action of an external force; the second rolling balls are arranged on one side of the outer rod, facilitating the insertion of each retaining and protecting mechanism, reducing the frictional resistance between the retaining and protecting plates and the outer rod, and thereby improving the construction efficiency of the supporting structure.

[0086] In another technical solution, one of the two mutually hinged outer rods 321 is provided with a locking piece 323, one end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the outer rod 321, when the locking piece 323 is rotated to the side where the other end is away from the other outer rod 321, the locking piece 323 does not interfere with the other outer rod 321, when the locking piece 323 is rotated to the side where the other end is close to the other outer rod 321, the other end of the locking piece 323 abuts against the top of the other outer rod 321. The top of the locking piece is provided with an L-shaped handle 325, which facilitates the rotation of the locking piece. When each pair of support rods is unfolded, the locking piece can be rotated to the side where the other end abuts against the top of the other outer rod, and the unfolded pair of support rods are temporarily positioned by the locking piece, avoiding unnecessary bending of the support rods during the supporting process, when the support rods need to be stored, the locking piece is rotated to be completely located on one of the outer rods, and the locking piece does not interfere with the other outer rod, and the two support rods are rotated along the connecting point to be folded and stored.

[0087] The application also provides a construction method of the deep foundation pit supporting structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0088] Step one, vertically downwardly insert an anchoring rod 2 at the position where each of the four corners of the deep foundation pit is located, so that the lower end of the anchoring rod 2 is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0089] Step two, press and flatten each of the four pairs of support rods 32 of each support mechanism 3 downwardly, so that each pair of support rods 32 is horizontally arranged in a straight line along the direction parallel to the corresponding side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit; according to the horizontal length of each side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit, the length of each support rod 32 is adjusted, so that the sum of the length of each pair of support rods 32 and the radius of the positioning cylinder 31 is equal to the horizontal length of the corresponding side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit; the four positioning cylinders 31 of the unfolded support mechanism 3 are respectively sleeved on the four anchoring rods 2, and the height of the support mechanism 3 is adjusted, so that the lowermost support mechanism 3 is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0090] Step three, insert a retaining mechanism 4 between each side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit and the corresponding plurality of support rods 32, the bottom of the retaining mechanism 4 is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, one side of the retaining mechanism 4 abuts against the side wall 1 of the deep foundation pit, and the other side abuts against the plurality of pairs of support rods 32.

[0091] In the technical scheme, the deep foundation pit supporting construction method is provided, the deep foundation pit supporting device is used, the soil layer of the deep foundation pit is not damaged greatly in the whole construction process, too much space in the deep foundation pit is not occupied, the safety and normal operation of other construction operations in the deep foundation pit are ensured, the construction method is simple and easy to operate, the construction period is greatly shortened, and the construction efficiency of the deep foundation pit supporting is improved on the basis of effectively supporting the deep foundation pit.

[0092] The construction process of the present application is as follows:

[0093] Step S1, a hollow rod is vertically inserted downward at the position of each of the four corners of the deep foundation pit to be supported, so that the lower end of the hollow rod is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0094] Step S2, four pairs of support rods of each support mechanism are pressed downward and flattened, and each pair of support rods is locked and positioned by the locking piece, so that each pair of support rods is horizontally arranged in a linear structure along the direction parallel to the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; the length of each support rod is adjusted according to the horizontal length of each side wall of the deep foundation pit, so that the sum of the length of each pair of support rods and the radius of the positioning cylinder is equal to the horizontal length of the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; four positioning cylinders of the unfolded support mechanism are respectively sleeved on the four hollow rods, and in the sleeving process, the support mechanism is pressed downward, the positioning cylinder of the support mechanism extrudes the corresponding elastic piece to retract radially, so that the support mechanism can be pressed downward by the elastic mechanism located above the support mechanism to the designed position, and the lowermost support mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; the lowermost elastic mechanism is sunk into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit;

[0095] Step S3, an anchor rod is vertically inserted into each hollow rod, the lower end of the anchor rod pushes the multiple elastic pieces of each elastic mechanism radially outward, the other end of the movable rod protrudes from the hollow rod, and after the anchor rod is inserted into position, each movable rod is also fixed, the positioning cylinder is clamped between a pair of elastic mechanisms and does not shake;

[0096] Step S4, a retaining mechanism is inserted between each side wall of the deep foundation pit and the corresponding multiple support rods, the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, the anchoring nails at the lower end of the fixing plate are inserted into the soil at the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, then the air bag is inflated, so that the retaining plate abuts against the side wall of the deep foundation pit.

[0097] The disassembly process of the deep foundation pit supporting structure of the present application is as follows: the gas in the air bag is discharged, the retaining mechanism is vertically pulled upward, then the four anchor rods are pulled upward, then the multiple support mechanisms are pulled upward from top to bottom, and finally the multiple hollow rods are pulled upward, each support mechanism can be folded by folding the pair of support rods.

[0098] The number of devices and processing stages described herein are used to simplify the description of the application. Applications, modifications and variations of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the general concept of the application.

[0099] While the embodiments of the application have been disclosed in connection with the specification and examples herein, it should be understood that they are not limited to the particular details described but rather can be practiced with modifications and changes apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. It is therefore contemplated to cover any and all modifications, changes, and equivalents coming within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deep foundation pit support structure, characterized by, The utility model relates to a deep foundation pit support structure, including: Four anchor rods, one is arranged in each corner of the deep foundation pit, and the lower end of the anchor rod is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit; A plurality of support mechanisms are spaced apart in the vertical direction within the deep foundation pit; the lowermost support mechanism is in contact with the bottom of the deep foundation pit; each support mechanism includes: Four positioning barrels, one is arranged in each anchor rod; each positioning barrel is coaxially sleeved on the anchor rod; Four pairs of support rods, one pair of support rods is arranged between any two adjacent positioning barrels, the adjacent ends of each pair of support rods are hinged to each other, and the other ends away from each other are hinged to the circumferential side wall of the adjacent positioning barrel; each support rod is a telescopic rod body; A plurality of retaining mechanisms, one is arranged on each side wall of the deep foundation pit, one side of each retaining mechanism is in abutment with the corresponding plurality of support rods, the other side is in abutment with the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit; Each anchor rod includes: A hollow rod, which is a hollow structure with open ends, the hollow rod is vertically arranged at the corresponding corner of the deep foundation pit; A plurality of pairs of elastic mechanisms, one pair of elastic mechanisms is arranged for each support mechanism, each pair of elastic mechanisms is respectively for the top and bottom of the positioning barrel of the corresponding support mechanism, each elastic mechanism includes a plurality of elastic members arranged in the circumferential direction, each elastic member is elastically connected to the side wall of the hollow rod in the radial direction, one end of each elastic member is located inside the hollow rod, the other end extends out of the hollow rod in the radial direction, the top and bottom of each positioning barrel are in contact with the other end of the plurality of elastic members; one end face of each elastic member is a wedge structure, and the one end of the plurality of elastic members forms a gap of a conical structure; An anchor rod, which is coaxially sleeved in the hollow rod, the lower end of the anchor rod is a conical structure matched with the gap, the lower end of the anchor rod vertically penetrates through the plurality of gaps and extrudes and pushes away the plurality of elastic members, so that the other end of the elastic member extends to the outside of the hollow rod, and the lower end of the anchor rod is inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit; Each retaining mechanism includes: A fixed plate parallel to the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit, the lower end of the fixed plate is vertically inserted into the soil at the bottom of the deep foundation pit; An air bag arranged on one side of the fixed plate close to the side wall of the deep foundation pit; A plurality of retaining plates arranged on one side of the air bag close to the side wall of the deep foundation pit, any two adjacent retaining plates are hinged by a hinge.

2. The deep excavation support structure of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of hole groups are arranged on the hollow rod in the vertical direction, one hole group is arranged for each elastic mechanism, each hole group includes a plurality of holes arranged in the circumferential direction, each hole penetrates in the radial direction, and one hole is arranged for each elastic member; Each elastic member includes: A movable rod, one end of which is located inside the hollow rod, and the other end extends to the outside of the hollow rod through the hole; one end of the movable rod is a wedge structure; A spring, which is sleeved on one end of the movable rod, one end of the spring is connected with the end of the movable rod, and the other end is connected with the inner wall of the hollow rod; A first ball, which is rollingly embedded on the end face of the other end of the movable rod.

3. The deep excavation support structure of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of anchor nails are spaced apart in the length direction at the bottom of each fixed plate.

4. The deep excavation support structure of claim 1, wherein, Each support rod comprises two outer rods and an inner rod connecting the two outer rods, two ends of the inner rod are respectively sleeved on one end of the two outer rods, the other end of one of the outer rods of each support rod is hinged to the corresponding positioning cylinder, and the other end of the other outer rod is hinged to the other outer rod of the adjacent support rod; a plurality of second rolling balls are embedded on one side of each outer rod close to the deep foundation pit side wall.

5. The deep excavation support structure of Claim 4, wherein, One of the two outer rods is provided with a locking piece, one end of the locking piece is rotatably connected to the top of the outer rod, when the locking piece is rotated to the other end away from the side of the other outer rod, the locking piece and the other outer rod do not interfere with each other, when the locking piece is rotated to the other end close to the other side of the other outer rod, the other end of the locking piece abuts against the top of the other outer rod.

6. The construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, vertically downwardly insert an anchoring rod at the position where each of the four corners of the deep foundation pit is located, so that the lower end of the anchoring rod is inserted into the soil of the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; Step two, press and flatten each support mechanism downwardly, so that each pair of support rods is horizontally arranged in a straight line along the direction parallel to the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; adjust the length of each support rod according to the horizontal length of each side wall of the deep foundation pit, so that the sum of the length of each pair of support rods and the radius of the positioning cylinder is equal to the horizontal length of the corresponding side wall of the deep foundation pit; sleeve the four positioning cylinders of the unfolded support mechanism on the four anchoring rods, and adjust the height of the support mechanism, the lowermost support mechanism is in contact with the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit; Step three, insert a retaining mechanism between each side wall of the deep foundation pit and the corresponding plurality of support rods, the bottom of the retaining mechanism is inserted into the soil of the bottom surface of the deep foundation pit, one side of the retaining mechanism abuts against the side wall of the deep foundation pit, and the other side of the retaining mechanism abuts against the plurality of pairs of support rods.

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