Switching device and method for cooling and lubrication of a cutting process

Abstract

The application discloses a switching device and method for cooling and lubricating modes in cutting processing, and relates to the technical field of cutting. The device comprises a control assembly, a regulation and control assembly and a supply assembly. The supply assembly comprises a plurality of supply components, and different supply components are used for supplying different cooling media to realize different cooling and lubricating modes. The control assembly is connected with a machine tool and the regulation and control assembly, and is used for receiving a cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction input by an operator. The regulation and control assembly is also connected with each supply component, and is used for controlling the opening and closing states of each supply component by regulating the gas pressure or flow of the cooling media based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction input by the operator. The application can realize the quick switching of multiple cooling and lubricating modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cutting technology, and in particular to a switching device and method for cooling and lubricating modes in cutting processing. Background Art

[0002] When machining a specific material, the optimal cooling and lubrication method must be determined by comprehensively considering factors such as machining efficiency, surface quality, and tool life. However, in a mixed-flow production line, faced with the conditions of small-batch production of multiple varieties, there is a problem of coordinating the mixed-flow production line with the multi-variety working conditions. Different cold cutting and lubrication methods may be required for different working conditions. Therefore, in the actual processing process, it is necessary to add a cooling and lubrication method switching device to quickly switch the cooling and lubrication method to meet processing needs.

[0003] At present, there are several existing technologies as follows: Patent No. 202111436084.X, named as an internal and external cooling switching system for tool processing; Patent No. 202011241667.2, named as an internal cooling and external cooling intelligent switching system and method based on minimal lubrication; Patent No. 202022580231.8, named as a cutting cooling device for machine tools; Patent No. 201710434607.4, named as a tool internal cooling and spindle cooling cycle switching system for a five-axis machine tool; Patent No. 201720525491.0, named as a minimal lubrication system. Although the above-mentioned technical solutions have realized the cooling and lubrication methods of internal cooling and external cooling for machine tools, and the conversion between external cooling and internal cooling can be achieved through special structures. However, the external cooling method is single and cannot meet the needs of mixed flow processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for switching cooling and lubrication modes in cutting processing, so as to realize rapid switching of multiple cooling and lubrication modes.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a switching device for cooling and lubricating modes in cutting processing, which is arranged on a machine tool, and includes a control component, a regulating component, and a supply component;

[0007] The supply assembly includes a plurality of supply components, and different supply components are used to supply different cooling media to achieve different cooling and lubrication methods;

[0008] The control component is connected to the machine tool and the regulating component respectively, and is used to receive a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator;

[0009] The control component is connected with each supply component respectively, and is used for controlling the opening and closing states of each supply component by regulating the gas pressure or flow of the cooling medium based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling lubrication mode selection instruction from the operator input.

[0010] In a second aspect, the application provides a switching method of a cutting machining cooling lubrication mode, which is applied to a switching device of the cutting machining cooling lubrication mode, and the method comprises the following steps of:

[0011] Turning on the machine tool and a control component;

[0012] Obtaining a cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and a cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator to the control component;

[0013] Controlling the opening and closing states of each supply component in a supply component by regulating the gas pressure or flow of a cooling medium based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator to the control component.

[0014] According to the embodiments of the application, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0015] The application discloses a switching device and method of a cutting machining cooling lubrication mode, which receives a cooling opening instruction from a machine tool and a cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator through a control component, regulates the gas pressure or flow of a cooling medium based on the two instructions, and controls the opening and closing states of each supply component in a supply component, so that the conversion between internal cooling and external cooling is not needed, and the quick switching of different cooling lubrication modes can be realized only by adjusting instruction data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the switching device of the cutting machining cooling lubrication mode of the application;

[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a man-machine interface schematic diagram of a touch screen in the device of the application.

[0019] Symbol explanation:

[0020] 1-green cutting fluid supply component, 2-first pneumatic regulating valve, 3-second pneumatic regulating valve, 4-low temperature CO2 supply component, 5-minimal quantity lubrication supply component, 6-two-position two-way directional valve, 7-proportional pressure reducing valve, 8-pressure reducing valve, 9-dryer, 10-filter, 11-air cooler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] To solve the problem of cooperation between the mixed flow production line and the multi-variety working condition existing in the multi-variety small-batch production, low temperature CO2 and minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) can be externally arranged outside the machine tool, the M function instruction of the machine tool is used, and the directional valve is controlled by the PLC program to realize the rapid switching of the gas / mist / liquid cooling and lubricating modes.

[0023] Based on this, the present application provides a switching device and method for the cooling and lubricating mode of cutting machining. Before machining starts, the PLC in the control assembly is turned on, a cooling and lubricating mode is selected, and the gas pressure / flow of the cooling and lubricating mode is set. Then, the machine tool running program is turned on, and the control assembly is started when the program runs to the M function instruction. During the machining process, the operator can change the cooling and lubricating mode through the touch screen, and can also check and adjust the real-time changes of the minimal quantity lubrication gas pressure and the flow of other cooling modes.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Embodiment one

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a switching device for the cooling and lubricating mode of cutting machining, which is arranged on a machine tool. The device comprises a control assembly, a regulating and controlling assembly and a supply assembly.

[0027] The supply assembly includes a plurality of supply components, different supply components are used to supply different cooling media to achieve different cooling and lubrication modes. The supply assembly includes a micro-lubrication supply component 5, a low-temperature CO2 supply component 4, and a green cutting fluid supply component 1; the green cutting fluid supply component 1 is arranged inside the machine tool, and the micro-lubrication supply component 5 and the low-temperature CO2 supply component 4 are arranged outside the machine tool. The above three supply components provide different cooling media through their respective structural arrangements to cool and lubricate the machining area in different ways to meet the needs of different working conditions. And in specific practical applications, the green cutting fluid supply component 1 is a component of the machine tool itself.

[0028] The control assembly is connected with the machine tool and the regulation and control assembly respectively, and is used to receive a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator. The control assembly includes a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Specifically, the control assembly is mainly used to realize cooling mode switching, and the control of the machine tool and the electromagnetic valve is completed by setting an M function instruction in the three-coordinate machine tool to realize the on-off of the cooling system. The input end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the PLC, the output end of the PLC is connected with the proportional pressure reducing valve / pneumatic regulating valve of the corresponding cooling circuit, and the switching of the cooling and lubrication system is completed by the program configuration inside the PLC.

[0029] The regulation and control assembly is also connected with each of the supply components, and is used to control the opening and closing states of each of the supply components by regulating the gas pressure or flow of the cooling medium based on the cooling start instruction from the machine tool and the cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator.

[0030] Specifically, the regulation and control assembly includes a first pneumatic regulating valve 2, a second pneumatic regulating valve 3, a two-position two-way reversing valve 6, a proportional pressure reducing valve 7, a pressure reducing valve 8, a dryer 9, a filter 10, and an air cooler 11.

[0031] The first pneumatic regulating valve 2 is connected with the green cutting fluid supply component 1, and the first pneumatic regulating valve 1 is also electrically connected with the control assembly; the first pneumatic regulating valve 2 is used to adjust the valve port size to change the output flow of the green cutting fluid based on the cooling start instruction from the machine tool and the cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator; at the same time, the output flow data of the green cutting fluid is collected and sent to the control assembly.

[0032] The second pneumatic regulating valve 3 is connected with the low-temperature CO2 supply component 4, and is also electrically connected with the control assembly; the second pneumatic regulating valve 3 is used for adjusting the valve opening size to change the output flow of the low-temperature CO2 based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator, and collecting the output flow data of the low-temperature CO2 and sending the output flow data to the control assembly.

[0033] That is, when the green cutting fluid or the low-temperature CO2 cooling lubrication mode is selected, the corresponding first pneumatic regulating valve 2 or the second pneumatic regulating valve 3 is opened, and the valve opening size is controlled according to the flow size set by the user. The pneumatic regulating valve mainly controls the flow and uploads an analog signal to the PLC, and the analog signal received by the PLC is converted into a digital signal and uploaded to the touch screen for display.

[0034] One end of the two-position two-way directional valve 6 is connected with the micro-lubrication supply component 5, and the other end of the two-position two-way directional valve 6 is sequentially connected with the proportional pressure reducing valve 7, the pressure reducing valve 8, the dryer 9, the filter 10 and the air cooler 11; the air cooler 11 is also connected with an external gas source.

[0035] In actual work, the proportional pressure reducing valve 7 controls the gas power of MQL, when the two-position two-way directional valve 6 of MQL is opened, the gas sprayed from the external gas source passes through the filter 10, the dryer 9, the pressure reducing valve 8, and then is regulated by the proportional pressure reducing valve 7, and finally drives the micro-lubrication oil to be sprayed to the worktable of the machine tool.

[0036] The proportional pressure reducing valve 7 and the two-position two-way directional valve 6 are also electrically connected with the control assembly, and the proportional pressure reducing valve 7 is used for controlling the gas pressure transmitted from the external gas source to the two-position two-way directional valve to adjust the flow of the micro-lubrication oil sprayed to the machine tool via the two-position two-way directional valve based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator, and collecting the gas pressure data and sending the gas pressure data to the control assembly. That is, the proportional pressure reducing valve 7 mainly controls the gas pressure of MQL and uploads an analog signal to the analog input and output module of the PLC, and the analog input and output module of the PLC converts the received analog signal into a digital signal and uploads the digital signal to the touch screen for display.

[0037] The two-position two-way directional valve 6 is also used for collecting the flow data of the micro-lubrication oil sprayed to the machine tool and sending the flow data to the control assembly.

[0038] In a specific actual application, the device further comprises a touch screen; the touch screen is connected with the control assembly, and the touch screen is used for:

[0039] 1) The operator sets a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction and sends it to the control component; the cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction includes the selected cooling and lubrication mode and the corresponding set value, so that the operator can modify the gas pressure / flow of the current cooling and lubrication mode on the touch screen.

[0040] After the operator changes the gas pressure / flow value for the current cooling and lubrication mode on the touchscreen, the PLC sends the corresponding cooling and lubrication mode selection command to the control component, which analyzes the command to control the opening size of each valve. Specifically, the PLC sends an electrical signal to the proportional pressure reducing valve 7 and other components. The proportional pressure reducing valve 7 / pneumatic control valve converts the electrical signal into an analog signal and sets the valve opening size, thereby controlling the gas pressure / flow.

[0041] 2) Displaying the output flow rate data of the green cutting fluid, the output flow rate data of the low-temperature CO2, the gas pressure data, and the flow rate data of the trace lubricant injected onto the machine tool in real-time digital form. Specifically, the PLC module processes the data to convert analog signals such as the output flow rate data of the green cutting fluid, the output flow rate data of the low-temperature CO2, the gas pressure data, and the flow rate data of the trace lubricant injected onto the machine tool into signal quantities, which are then transmitted to the touch screen for digital display, allowing the operator to view the gas pressure / flow rate of the current cooling and lubrication mode in real time via the touch screen.

[0042] 3) Obtain gas pressure data within a preset time period and construct a real-time pressure change curve.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, in an actual application, the upper left corner of the touch screen is the real-time display of gas pressure (corresponding to Figure 2 The gas pressure in the touch screen) and the low-temperature CO2 / green cutting fluid flow rate are displayed in real time (when it is low-temperature CO2 cooling and lubrication, the CO2 flow rate is displayed; when it is green cutting fluid cooling and lubrication, the green cutting fluid flow rate is displayed). The input box on the right side of the touch screen is used to set the MQL gas pressure value and the low-temperature CO2 / green cutting fluid flow rate. The operator first determines the cooling and lubrication mode to be selected, and then sets the corresponding MQL gas pressure / low-temperature CO2 / green cutting fluid flow rate to determine the valve port size of the proportional pressure reducing valve / pneumatic control valve. The cooling and lubrication mode selection button (including green cutting fluid, MQL and CO2 cooling and lubrication) is provided on the lower side of the touch screen. When the operator clicks on the selected cooling method, the PLC will open the corresponding reversing valve according to the command and close the reversing valve of the current cooling method; at the bottom of the touch screen there is a real-time pressure change curve (corresponding to Figure 2 Click the button to view the real-time gas pressure of MQL.

[0044] In another example, the machine tool and the control assembly are connected through a relay; an M function instruction is arranged in the machine tool; the M function instruction is used to generate a cooling start instruction to make the working state of the control assembly be a start working state, and generate a cooling end instruction to make the working state of the control assembly be an end working state. Specifically, the M function instruction is used to control the working state of the device, and a signal is sent to the PLC through the relay, the signal is converted into an electrical signal through an analog input and output module, and the PLC starts the switching cooling device after receiving the signal. The operator can select a suitable cooling and lubricating mode through the screen to work.

[0045] Further, when the machine tool runs and executes the M function instruction, the corresponding cooling start instruction or cooling end instruction is sent to the PLC through the relay, and the PLC controls the start and stop of the subsequent cooling and lubrication by analyzing the received instruction. In other words, the machine tool controls the PLC by writing the M key function instruction reserved by the machine tool, and the instruction sent by the machine tool is converted into an analog signal and transmitted to the PLC through the relay; the machine tool continues to execute the set machining program after sending the signal, and processes the workpiece material. After receiving the instruction sent by the machine tool, the PLC executes the program and sends corresponding instructions to the two-position two-way directional valve 6 / first pneumatic regulating valve 2 / second pneumatic regulating valve 3, and the two-position two-way directional valve 6 / first pneumatic regulating valve 2 / second pneumatic regulating valve 3 switches the cooling and lubricating mode according to the received instruction, so as to realize the quick switching of the cooling and lubricating mode.

[0046] Before executing the program, the PLC prompts the operator to select a cooling mode, and if the operator does not operate, the default cooling mode is used, which can be one of green cutting fluid cooling and lubrication, low-temperature CO2 cooling and lubrication, and micro-lubricating oil cooling and lubrication.

[0047] In summary, the present application controls two pneumatic pressure reducing valves and a proportional pressure reducing valve based on the PLC. The proportional pressure reducing valve controls the gas power of MQL, and when the PLC opens the MQL supply component, the gas sprayed from the gas source passes through the filter 10, the dryer 9 and the pressure reducing valve 8, and then is artificially controlled by the proportional pressure reducing valve 7, and finally drives the micro-lubricating oil to be sprayed to the machine tool workbench. The proportional pressure reducing valve 7 mainly controls the gas pressure of MQL, so as to facilitate the adjustment of appropriate pressure. The pneumatic pressure reducing valve mainly controls the flow of low-temperature CO2 and green cutting fluid, and when the PLC opens the green cutting fluid supply component or the low-temperature CO2 supply component, the liquid sprayed from the supply component passes through the pneumatic pressure reducing valve for flow control. The pneumatic pressure reducing valve controls the flow by controlling the size of the valve, so as to realize the quick switching of different cooling and lubricating modes.

[0048] Example two

[0049] In order to realize the technical solutions in the first embodiment and achieve the corresponding functions and technical effects, the present embodiment further provides a switching method of the cutting machining cooling and lubricating mode, which is applied to the switching device of the cutting machining cooling and lubricating mode in the first embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps.

[0050] Step 1, turn on the machine tool and the control assembly. Specifically, after the machine tool CNC is turned on, when the machine tool runs to the M function instruction, the touch screen sends a prompt sound, at this time, the cooling mode needs to be switched through the touch screen and the gas pressure / flow rate needs to be set, no operation is performed before this operation, and the system default cooling mode is used. Moreover, when the switching device of the cutting machining cooling and lubricating mode starts to work, the machine tool CNC continues to execute the machining instruction.

[0051] Step 2, obtain the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction input by the operator to the control assembly.

[0052] Step 3, based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction input by the operator to the control assembly, the opening and closing states of each supply component in the supply assembly are controlled by regulating the gas pressure or flow rate of the cooling medium.

[0053] After the machine tool CNC completes the machining instruction, the machine tool CNC runs to the M function instruction to close the cooling system, and when the machine tool is completely closed, the PLC is closed.

[0054] In one example, the method further comprises:

[0055] 1) when the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool is obtained, and the cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction input by the operator to the control assembly is not obtained, based on the cooling opening instruction from the machine tool and the preset cooling and lubricating mode, the opening and closing states of each supply component in the supply assembly are controlled by regulating the gas pressure or flow rate of the cooling medium.

[0056] 2) the operator sets the cooling and lubricating mode selection instruction through the touch screen and sends it to the control assembly.

[0057] In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0058] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the art, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed according to the idea of the present application. In conclusion, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A switching device for cooling and lubrication mode of cutting processing, arranged on a machine tool, characterized in that: The device includes a control component, a regulating component and a supply component; The supply assembly includes a plurality of supply components, and different supply components are used to supply different cooling media to achieve different cooling and lubrication methods; The control component is connected to the machine tool and the regulating component respectively, and is used to receive a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator; The regulating assembly is further connected to each of the supply components, and is used to control the opening and closing states of each of the supply components by regulating the gas pressure or flow of the cooling medium based on a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator; The supply assembly includes a minimal lubrication supply component, a low-temperature CO2 supply component and a green cutting fluid supply component; the green cutting fluid supply component is arranged inside the machine tool, and the minimal lubrication supply component and the low-temperature CO2 supply component are arranged outside the machine tool; The control assembly includes a first pneumatic control valve, a second pneumatic control valve, a two-position two-way reversing valve, a proportional pressure reducing valve, a pressure reducing valve, a dryer, a filter and an air cooler; The first pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the green cutting fluid supply component and is also electrically connected to the control component. The first pneumatic regulating valve is configured to adjust the valve opening size to change the output flow rate of the green cutting fluid based on a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator. Simultaneously, the valve adjusts the output flow rate data of the green cutting fluid and transmits it to the control component. The second pneumatic regulating valve is connected to the low-temperature CO2 supply component and is also electrically connected to the control component. The second pneumatic regulating valve is configured to adjust the valve opening size to change the output flow rate of the low-temperature CO2 based on a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator; and simultaneously collect output flow rate data of the low-temperature CO2 and transmit it to the control component. One end of the two-position two-way reversing valve is connected to the minimal lubrication supply component, and the other end of the two-position two-way reversing valve is connected to the proportional pressure reducing valve, the pressure reducing valve, the dryer, the filter and the air cooler in sequence; the air cooler is also connected to an external air source; The proportional pressure reducing valve and the two-position two-way reversing valve are both electrically connected to the control assembly. The proportional pressure reducing valve is used to: control the pressure of the gas transmitted from the external gas source to the two-position two-way reversing valve based on a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator, so as to adjust the flow rate of the trace lubricating oil injected onto the machine tool through the two-position two-way reversing valve; and at the same time, collect the gas pressure data and send it to the control assembly; The two-position two-way reversing valve is also used to collect flow data of the trace lubricating oil injected onto the machine tool and send it to the control component; The machine tool and the control component are connected via a relay; an M function instruction is set in the machine tool; the M function instruction is used to: generate a cooling start instruction to enable the working state of the control component to be started; generate a cooling end instruction to enable the working state of the control component to be ended.

2. The switching device for cooling and lubrication mode of cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a touch screen; The touch screen is connected to the control component, and the touch screen is used to: The operator is provided with a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction, and the instruction is sent to the control component; the cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction includes the selected cooling and lubrication mode and the corresponding setting value; The output flow data of the green cutting fluid, the output flow data of the low-temperature CO2, the gas pressure data and the flow data of the trace lubricating oil injected onto the machine tool are all displayed digitally in real time.

3. The switching device for the cooling and lubrication mode of cutting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The touch screen is also used to obtain gas pressure data within a preset time period and construct a real-time gas pressure change curve.

4. A method for switching a cooling and lubrication mode for cutting processing, applied to the switching device for cooling and lubrication mode for cutting processing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Methods include: Open the machine tool and control components; Obtaining a cooling start instruction from the machine tool and a cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction input by an operator into the control component; Based on the cooling start instruction from the machine tool and the cooling lubrication mode selection instruction input by the operator to the control component, the gas pressure or flow of the cooling medium is regulated to control the opening and closing status of each supply component in the supply component.

5. The method for switching the cooling and lubrication mode of cutting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method also includes: When a cooling start instruction is obtained from the machine tool and no cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction is input by the operator to the control component, based on the cooling start instruction from the machine tool and the preset cooling and lubrication mode, the gas pressure or flow of the cooling medium is adjusted to achieve control of the opening and closing status of each supply component in the supply component.

6. The method for switching the cooling and lubrication mode of cutting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method also includes: The operator sets the cooling and lubrication mode selection instruction through the touch screen and sends it to the control component.

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