A method for brazing ceramic or ceramic matrix composite to metal with biomimetic structure interface strengthening

Abstract

The application relates to a method for strengthening the brazing of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites and metal by using a bionic structure interface, and relates to bionic microstructure preparation and heterogeneous material connection methods. In order to solve the problems of poor brazing material wettability of the surface of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites and large residual stress of the brazing joint, the application is based on the structural characteristics and functions of the impact area of mantis shrimp toe rods, adopts ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing technology, and prepares a bionic structure on the surface of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites to be connected in a mode of multiple groups of layers, multiple scans and multiple feeds, and then carries out brazing connection. The method of the application effectively improves the wettability of the brazing material on the surface of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites, improves the uniformity of the residual stress of the brazing interface on the side of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites, strengthens the brazing interface, improves the strength of the brazing joint, and realizes high-quality connection of ceramics or ceramic matrix composites and metal materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of connecting dissimilar materials, in particular to a method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with bionic structure interface reinforcement. Background Art

[0002] During the brazing process of ceramics or ceramic-based composites and metals, due to the large differences in thermal expansion coefficients and elastic moduli between the two, the ceramics or ceramic-based composites and metals exhibit different shrinkage trends during the cooling process after welding, thereby generating large residual stresses at the joints, inducing joint cracking, and thus reducing the joint strength. At the same time, alloy brazing filler metals are easier to spread and wet on metals with the same bond type, but for ceramics or ceramic-based composites with covalent bonds as the main component, they exhibit poor wettability, making it difficult for the metal to form an effective metallurgical reaction with them. Therefore, achieving good wetting of the alloy brazing filler metal on the surface of the ceramics or ceramic-based composites, forming a dense metallurgical reaction layer, and solving the problem of residual stress caused by thermal mismatch between the ceramics or ceramic-based composites and the brazing filler metal are the primary tasks for obtaining reliable brazed joints of metals / ceramics or ceramic-based composites.

[0003] The "spear and shield"-like struggle for survival between predators and prey in nature has led organisms to evolve structural materials that combine lightweight, high strength, high toughness, and high impact resistance. For example, using mantis shrimp and shells as biological prototypes, the study examined their microscopic interface structural characteristics, revealing the relationship between structure and performance. Research has shown that the impact zone of the mantis shrimp's toe club is composed of mineralized chitin fibers connected to organic matter via a quasi-sinusoidal interface. When subjected to external loads, the quasi-sinusoidal structure deforms, allowing stress to be transferred along the fibers, thereby achieving effective stress equalization. Similarly, the wavy morphology between adjacent aragonite blocks in mother-of-pearl shells creates an interlocking interface that effectively transfers stress and increases the toughness of the nacre. Furthermore, numerous studies have demonstrated that constructing complex interface-inspired biomimetic structures can effectively resolve the conflict between material strength and toughness. Therefore, based on the interface structure and toughening mechanism of the mantis shrimp impact zone and the mother-of-pearl shell, a complex interface bionic structure was designed and prepared, and applied to brazing, so that the residual stress generated in the brazed joint during the cooling process can be homogenized, thereby obtaining a reliable brazed joint and improving the shear strength of the joint, which has important guiding significance for the connection of dissimilar materials such as metal / ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials.

[0004] However, the hardness and brittleness of ceramics or ceramic-based composites, as well as the characteristics of fiber composites, increase the difficulty of structural preparation, making it difficult to achieve high-precision structural processing using technologies such as mechanical processing, diamond wire cutting, and short-pulse laser processing. At the same time, the structural dimensions required for brazing joints are on the micron level, which further increases the difficulty of preparing high-quality and high-precision bionic structures on the surfaces of ceramics and metals. Therefore, a bionic structure that effectively relieves the residual stress of metal / ceramic or ceramic-based composite brazing joints and realizes its controllable, high-quality and high-precision processing is proposed, which is of great significance for achieving effective connection of metal / ceramic or ceramic-based composites. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art of joint cracking caused by thermal mismatch and large difference in elastic modulus when connecting metal to ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials, as well as difficulty in spreading and poor wetting of active brazing material on the surface of ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials. A method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials and metal using a bionic structure interface reinforcement is proposed. The present invention can effectively improve the wettability of active brazing material on the surface of ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials, alleviate the residual stress at the joint of dissimilar materials, improve the joint strength, avoid joint cracking, and achieve high-quality connection of dissimilar materials.

[0006] The method of brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement is carried out in the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Pre-treat the surface to be welded of the material to be welded, and then use ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment to process the bionic structure on the surface to be welded to obtain a single sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0008] The processing method of the bionic structure is as follows: characteristic parameters and trajectory files characterizing the bionic structure are imported into a processing device, a laser and a shielding gas are turned on after fixing the material to be welded, and the laser beam is made to form a waveform surface on the surface to be welded along a preset trajectory file. The waveform surface formed is a quasi-sine structure, and the quasi-sine structure satisfies the formula: In the formula, A is the bionic structure amplitude, A = 12-100 μm; λ is the bionic structure wavelength, λ = 90-120 μm; x is the relative position of the bionic structure processing, and the starting point of the bionic structure processing is x = 0;

[0009] The characteristic parameters are the wavelength λ of the quasi-sinusoidal structure and the amplitude A of the quasi-sinusoidal structure;

[0010] The trajectory file comprises a scanning strategy and process parameters; the scanning strategy is: dividing the surface of the material to be welded into a plurality of scanning structures, arranging a plurality of parallel scanning lines in each scanning structure, grouping the scanning lines in each scanning structure from the outer side to the center of the scanning structure, each group comprising 2-4 scanning lines symmetrically arranged with the center of the scanning structure; zigzag scanning is performed on the scanning lines in each group as the walking path of the laser beam spot during laser scanning; the scanning is sequentially performed in groups from the outer side to the inner side, the scanning speed of the outer side group is higher than that of the inner side group, and the number of feedings of the outer side group is lower than that of the inner side group; the process parameters are: laser power, scanning speed, laser pulse repetition frequency, scanning number, scanning line spacing, scanning line width, feeding number, feeding distance, structure spacing;

[0011] Step two: repeating step one after changing the direction of the scanning line to be perpendicular to the scanning line of step one to obtain a double-sine biomimetic structure;

[0012] Step three: ultrasonic cleaning the material to be welded obtained in step two by using acetone, and then coating the brazing filler metal between the welding surfaces of the material to be welded to form a welding piece;

[0013] Step four: placing the welding piece obtained in step three into a vacuum brazing furnace, applying pressure to fix, turning on the brazing equipment, and performing brazing connection; the brazing connection process is: controlling the vacuum degree to be 1*10 -3 Pa, heating to 840-900 DEG C at a heating rate of 1-10 DEG C / min and maintaining for 10-30 min, then cooling to 350 DEG C at a cooling rate of 5 DEG C, and then cooling to room temperature with the furnace.

[0014] The principles and beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0015] The present application is based on ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser, photochemistry and photothermal effect of materials, and utilizes the high precision and high controllability of laser processing characteristics, adopts ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing technology to prepare a biomimetic structure, thereby obtaining a biomimetic structure with controllable structural characteristic parameters on the surface of metal, ceramic, and ceramic matrix composite materials, and applying the biomimetic structure to the field of dissimilar connection of metal materials and ceramic or ceramic matrix composite materials, which can effectively relieve the internal residual stress of the joint, improve the joint strength, and realize high-quality connection of dissimilar materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a microstructure photo of the existing mantis shrimp toe rod impact area;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a sine-like structure curve of the waveform surface formed on the surface of the material to be welded in the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural division and scanning line setting of the surface of the material to be welded in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the surface morphology of a scanning structure on the surface of a material to be welded before and after ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single sinusoidal bionic structure formed by processing the welding surface of the material to be welded;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the double-sinusoidal bionic structure formed by processing the welding surface of the material to be welded;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy image of a single sinusoidal biomimetic structure;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy image of the double-sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a micrograph of the interface structure of the brazed joint with a double-sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0025] Figure 10 is the wetting angle of the surface of the ceramic matrix composite material without biomimetic structure in the comparative example;

[0026] Figure 11 is the wetting angle of the surface of the ceramic matrix composite material with a single sinusoidal biomimetic structure in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 12 is the wetting angle of the surface of the ceramic-based composite material with a double-sinusoidal biomimetic structure in the embodiment;

[0028] Figure 13 Graph showing the mechanical properties of the brazed joint in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific implementation methods.

[0030] Specific embodiment 1: This embodiment uses a bionic structure interface to strengthen the brazing method of ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials and metals in the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Pre-treat the surface to be welded of the material to be welded, and then use ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment to process the bionic structure on the surface to be welded to obtain a single sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0032] The processing method of the bionic structure is as follows: characteristic parameters and trajectory files characterizing the bionic structure are imported into a processing device, a laser and a shielding gas are turned on after fixing the material to be welded, and the laser beam is made to form a waveform surface on the surface to be welded along a preset trajectory file. The waveform surface formed is a quasi-sine structure, and the quasi-sine structure satisfies the formula: In the formula, A is the bionic structure amplitude, A = 12-100 μm; λ is the bionic structure wavelength, λ = 90-120 μm; x is the relative position of the bionic structure processing, and the starting point of the bionic structure processing is x = 0;

[0033] The characteristic parameters are the wavelength λ of the quasi-sinusoidal structure and the amplitude A of the quasi-sinusoidal structure;

[0034] The trajectory file includes a scanning strategy and process parameters; the scanning strategy is: dividing the surface of the material to be welded into several scanning structures, setting several parallel scanning lines in each scanning structure, and grouping the scanning lines in each scanning structure from the outside to the center of the scanning structure, and each group includes 2 to 4 scanning lines symmetrical to each other with the center of the scanning structure; during laser scanning, the laser beam spot performs a zigzag scan with the scanning lines in each group as the walking path; group scanning is performed in sequence from the outside to the inside of the scanning structure, and feeding is performed when scanning the inner group after the outer group is scanned; the scanning speed of the outer group is higher than the scanning speed of the inner group, and the feeding number of the outer group is lower than the feeding number of the inner group; the process parameters are: laser power, scanning speed, laser pulse repetition frequency, scanning number, scanning line spacing, scanning line width, feeding number, feeding distance, and structure spacing;

[0035] Step 2: Change the direction of the scanning line to be perpendicular to the scanning line in step 1 and repeat step 1 to obtain a double-sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0036] Step 3: ultrasonically clean the material to be welded obtained in step 2 using acetone, and then apply solder between the surfaces to be welded to form a welded part;

[0037] Step 4: Place the workpiece obtained in step 3 into a vacuum brazing furnace, apply pressure to fix it, start the brazing equipment, and perform brazing connection; the brazing connection process is: control the vacuum degree to 1×10 -3 Pa, heated to 840-900 °C at a heating rate of 1-10 °C / min and kept warm for 10-30 min, then cooled to 350 °C at a cooling rate of 5 °C, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

[0038] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] This embodiment is based on ultraviolet ultrashort pulse lasers, as well as the photochemical and photothermal effects of materials, and utilizes the high-precision and high-controllability processing characteristics of lasers. Ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing technology is used to prepare bionic structures, thereby obtaining bionic structures with controllable structural characteristic parameters on the surfaces of metals, ceramics, and ceramic-based composite materials. The bionic structures are then applied to the field of dissimilar connections between metal materials and ceramics or ceramic-based composite materials, which can effectively alleviate residual stress inside the joint, improve joint strength, and achieve high-quality connection of dissimilar materials.

[0040] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that: the process parameters described in step 1 are: laser power of 9 to 21 W, laser pulse repetition frequency of 300 to 1000 kHz, scanning speed of 200 to 1500 mm / s, scanning line spacing of 6 to 12 μm, number of scans of 1 to 10 times, number of feeds of 1 to 8 times, feed distance of 0.01 to 0.025 mm, structure spacing of 0.015 mm to 0.060 mm; scanning line width of 14 microns; scanning line spacing is the width between the centers of adjacent scanning lines, and structure spacing is the distance between adjacent scanning structures.

[0041] Specific embodiment three: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one or two in that: the ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment used in step one is an ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser with a laser wavelength of 275 to 355 nm and a pulse width of 299 fs to 10 ps, ​​and the laser is equipped with a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer.

[0042] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: the protective gas in step 1 is Ar.

[0043] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that: the pretreatment process in step 1 is: polishing the surface of the material to be welded with sandpaper, then ultrasonically cleaning it in acetone for 10 to 20 minutes, and finally air-drying it naturally.

[0044] Specific embodiment six: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to five in that: the material to be welded in step one is metal, ceramic or ceramic-based composite material.

[0045] Specific embodiment seven: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to six in that the metal is titanium alloy or Invar alloy.

[0046] Specific embodiment eight: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to seven in that: the ceramic-based composite material is SiO 2f / SiO2 composite materials, SiC f / SiC composite material or C / SiC composite material; the ceramic is quartz ceramic, alumina ceramic, etc.

[0047] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that the ultrasonic cleaning time in step 3 is 10 to 20 minutes.

[0048] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to nine in that: the solder in step three is TiZrNiCu solder or AgCuTi solder.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Suffer as Figure 1 Inspired by the mantis toe stick in nature, when the mantis toe stick is subjected to external load, the presence of a cosine-like interface microstructure in its striped region, consisting of mineralized chitin fibers and organic matter connected in a cosine-like manner, allows stress to be transferred along the cosine interface, thus achieving effective stress equalization. At the same time, the cosine-like interface can also significantly expand the crack propagation area, increasing energy dissipation and significantly improving the interface toughness. Therefore, based on the research foundation of using inorganic minerals and organic matter as the basic units of soft and hard phases to enhance the toughness and strength of materials, a method for brazing ceramics or ceramic-based composites with bionic structural interface reinforcement can be formed by combining interface bionic structures with multi-scale structures.

[0051] In order to verify the effect of the present invention, comparative example 1 is set. The difference between comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 is that the welding surface of the material to be welded has no processed bionic structure, and the other processes and parameters are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0052] Example 1 A method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement is performed in the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: TC4 titanium alloy and SiO 2f The surface to be welded of the SiO2 composite material was pretreated by sandpaper polishing, ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 15 minutes, and natural air drying. The bionic structure was then processed on the surface to be welded using ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment to obtain a single sinusoidal bionic structure.

[0054] The processing method of the bionic structure is as follows: characteristic parameters and trajectory files characterizing the bionic structure are imported into a processing device, a laser and Ar shielding gas are turned on after fixing the material to be welded, and the laser beam is made to form a waveform surface on the surface to be welded along a preset trajectory file. The waveform surface formed is a quasi-sinusoidal structure, and the quasi-sinusoidal structure satisfies the formula: In the formula, A is the bionic structure amplitude, A = 12.5 μm; λ is the bionic structure wavelength, λ = 100 μm; x is the relative position of the bionic structure processing, and the starting point of the bionic structure processing is x = 0. 2f The transient residual stress inside the brazed joint of / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material and active brazing filler metal AgCuTi and TC4 titanium alloy is distributed step by step when the brazed joint is cooled from high temperature to room temperature, especially the SiO 2f The instantaneous maximum principal stress, axial stress and shear stress at the interface of the SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material and the active solder AgCuTi, as well as at the edge of the joint are analyzed step by step. The results show that the sinusoidal-like wave surface of this embodiment is beneficial to the stress transfer and equalization at the joint.

[0055] The trajectory file includes scanning strategies and process parameters;

[0056] The scanning strategy is as follows: the surface of the material to be welded is divided into several scanning structures with a structure spacing of 0.015 mm, several parallel scanning lines are set in each scanning structure, and the scanning lines in each scanning structure are grouped from the outside of the scanning structure to the center, and each group includes scanning lines symmetrical to each other with the center of the scanning structure; during laser scanning, the laser beam spot performs a zigzag scan using the scanning lines in each group as a walking path; group scanning is performed sequentially from the outside to the inside of the scanning structure, and after the scanning of the outer group is completed, the feeding is performed when scanning the inner group; the scanning speed of the outer group is higher than that of the inner group, and the feeding frequency of the outer group is lower than that of the inner group;

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, each scanning structure is provided with 10 scanning lines, numbered 1 to 10, with a scanning line spacing of 7 microns and a scanning line width of 14 microns. The scanning line spacing is the width between the centers of adjacent scanning lines, and the structure spacing is the distance between adjacent scanning structures. The scanning structures are divided into three groups: 1, 2, 9, and 10 are one group, 3, 4, 7, and 8 are one group, and 5 and 6 are one group. The outermost group is 1, 2, 9, and 10, with 1 and 10 being symmetrical, and 2 and 9 being symmetrical.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a single sinusoidal bionic structure formed by processing the welding surface of the material to be welded. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional laser confocal microscope image of a single sinusoidal bionic structure. The specific processing process of the single sinusoidal bionic structure is as follows:

[0059] ① The laser beam first performs scans 1, 2, 9, and 10, with a laser power of 18 W, a laser pulse repetition frequency of 500 kHz, a scanning speed of 1000 mm / s, and three scans;

[0060] ② The laser beam then performs scans 3, 4, 7, and 8, with a laser power of 18 W, a laser pulse repetition frequency of 500 kHz, a scanning speed of 950 mm / s, three scans, one feed, and a feed distance of 0.01 mm.

[0061] ③. The laser beam finally performs scans 3, 4, 7, and 8, with a laser power of 18 W, a laser pulse repetition frequency of 500 kHz, a scanning speed of 1000 mm / s, three scans, two feeds, and a feed distance of 0.01 mm.

[0062] The characteristic parameters are the wavelength λ of the quasi-sinusoidal structure and the amplitude A of the quasi-sinusoidal structure;

[0063] The ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment is an ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser with a laser wavelength of 355nm and a pulse width of 10ps. The laser is equipped with a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer; the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer can increase the scanning speed, increase the precision, and complete the processing without moving the processing platform;

[0064] Step 2: Change the direction of the scanning line to be perpendicular to the scanning line in step 1 and repeat step 1 to obtain a double-sinusoidal bionic structure; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the double-sinusoidal bionic structure formed by processing the welding surface of the material to be welded; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy image of the double-sinusoidal bionic structure;

[0065] like Figures 9-12 As shown in the figure, the wetting angle of the ceramic matrix composite material surface without biomimetic structure in the comparative example (active solder AgCuTi on SiO 2f / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material surface wetting angle) is 108 °, and in Example 1, due to the SiO 2f / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material surface processing has bionic structure, so that the active brazing material AgCuTi on SiO 2f The wetting angle of the surface of the / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material quickly decreased to 75°, and the active brazing material AgCuTi on the SiO 2f / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material surface spreads quickly, the joint structure is more dense, no defects are generated, thus greatly reducing the cracking of the joint caused by large residual stress. Figure 13 As shown in the figure, compared with the unprocessed bionic structure joint strength of the comparative example, the SiO 2f / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material / TC4 titanium alloy joint strength at room temperature can reach 30MPa, compared with the comparative example, the joint strength is increased by 2900%. Therefore, the existence of bionic structure is conducive to obtaining reliable TC4 and SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material / TC4 titanium alloy joint strength. 2f / SiO2 ceramic matrix composite material connection joint.

[0066] Step three: the welding material obtained in step two is ultrasonically cleaned with acetone for 15 min, and then AgCuTi solder is coated between the welding surfaces of the welding material to form a welding piece;

[0067] Step four: the welding piece obtained in step three is placed into a vacuum brazing furnace, fixed by applying a pressure of 2 MPa, and then the brazing equipment is started to perform brazing connection; the brazing connection process is as follows: the vacuum degree is controlled to be 1x10 -3 Pa, heated to 870 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃ / min and kept for 20 min, then cooled to 350 ℃ at a cooling rate of 5 ℃, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

Claims

1. A method for brazing ceramics or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a biomimetic structural interface reinforcement, characterized in that: The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement is carried out in the following steps: Step 1: Pre-treat the surface to be welded of the material to be welded, and then use ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment to process the bionic structure on the surface to be welded to obtain a single sinusoidal bionic structure; The material to be welded is metal, ceramic or ceramic-based composite material; The processing method of the bionic structure is as follows: characteristic parameters and trajectory files characterizing the bionic structure are imported into a processing device, a laser and a shielding gas are turned on after fixing the material to be welded, and the laser beam is made to form a waveform surface on the surface to be welded along a preset trajectory file. The waveform surface formed is a quasi-sine structure, and the quasi-sine structure satisfies the formula: In the formula, A is the bionic structure amplitude, A = 12-100 μm; λ is the bionic structure wavelength, λ = 90-120 μm; x is the relative position of the bionic structure processing, and the starting point of the bionic structure processing is x = 0; The characteristic parameters are the wavelength λ of the quasi-sinusoidal structure and the amplitude A of the quasi-sinusoidal structure; The trajectory file includes a scanning strategy and process parameters; the scanning strategy is: dividing the surface of the material to be welded into several scanning structures, setting several parallel scanning lines in each scanning structure, and grouping the scanning lines in each scanning structure from the outside to the center of the scanning structure, and each group includes 2 to 4 scanning lines symmetrical to each other with the center of the scanning structure; during laser scanning, the laser beam spot performs a zigzag scan with the scanning lines in each group as the walking path; group scanning is performed in sequence from the outside to the inside of the scanning structure, and feeding is performed when scanning the inner group after the outer group is scanned; the scanning speed of the outer group is higher than the scanning speed of the inner group, and the feeding number of the outer group is lower than the feeding number of the inner group; the process parameters are: laser power, scanning speed, laser pulse repetition frequency, scanning number, scanning line spacing, scanning line width, feeding number, feeding distance and structure spacing; the scanning line spacing is the width between the centers of adjacent scanning lines, and the structure spacing is the distance between adjacent scanning structures; Step 2: Change the direction of the scanning line to be perpendicular to the scanning line in step 1 and repeat step 1 to obtain a double-sinusoidal bionic structure; Step 3: ultrasonically clean the material to be welded obtained in step 2 using acetone, and then apply solder between the surfaces to be welded to form a welded part; Step 4: Place the workpiece obtained in step 3 into a vacuum brazing furnace, apply pressure to fix it, start the brazing equipment, and perform brazing connection; the brazing connection process is: control the vacuum degree to 1×10 -3 Pa, heated to 840-900 °C at a heating rate of 1-10 °C / min and kept warm for 10-30 min, then cooled to 350 °C at a cooling rate of 5 °C, and then cooled to room temperature with the furnace.

2. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process parameters of step 1 are: laser power of 9 to 21 W, laser pulse repetition frequency of 300 to 1000 kHz, scanning speed of 200 to 1500 mm / s, scanning line spacing of 6 to 12 μm, number of scans of 1 to 10 times, number of feeds of 1 to 8 times, feed distance of 0.01 to 0.025 mm, structure spacing of 0.015 mm to 0.060 mm; scanning line width of 14 microns; scanning line spacing is the width between the centers of adjacent scanning lines, and structure spacing is the distance between adjacent scanning structures.

3. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser processing equipment used in step 1 is an ultraviolet ultrashort pulse laser with a laser wavelength of 275 to 355 nm and a pulse width of 299 fs to 10 ps. The laser is equipped with a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer.

4. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective gas in step 1 is Ar.

5. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment process in step 1 is as follows: polishing the surface of the material to be welded with sandpaper, then ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 to 20 minutes, and finally air-drying naturally.

6. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal is titanium alloy or Invar alloy.

7. The method for brazing ceramics or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic matrix composite material is SiO 2f / SiO2 composite materials, SiC f / SiC composite material or C / SiC composite material; the ceramic is quartz ceramic or alumina ceramic.

8. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials with metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic cleaning time in step 3 is 10 to 20 minutes.

9. The method for brazing ceramic or ceramic-based composite materials and metals using a bionic structure interface reinforcement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solder in step 3 is TiZrNiCu solder or AgCuTi solder.

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