Rock-based trench excavation apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to rock foundation engineering technical field, disclose a kind of rock foundation groove excavation device, including splitting stick, water pump, bidirectional pump, slurry pump and rotary spray head, splitting shell in splitting stick is equipped with water bag, water pipe and slurry pipe, bidirectional pump is connected with water bag by intercommunication pipe to water injection to water bag in turn extrude splitting shell splitting rock, water pump is transported high pressure water to rotary spray head by water pipe to carry out drilling and cutting to rock, slurry pump is formed by slurry after high pressure water cutting and is extracted from construction area. Compared with prior art, the construction efficiency of the rock foundation groove excavation device is high, and the construction precision is good. The present application also provides a kind of rock foundation groove excavation method, also has the advantages of high construction efficiency, good construction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock foundation engineering technology, and in particular to a rock foundation trench excavation device and excavation method. Background Technology

[0002] In rock foundation engineering, as the challenges of engineering construction increase, the difficulty of excavating rock foundation trenches is also constantly increasing. Especially in slope and mountain engineering, rock foundation trenches need to be excavated in sites where road access is difficult. At this time, heavy equipment is difficult to use due to the difficulty of transportation. Only high-energy-consuming and low-efficiency tools such as pneumatic picks and water drills can be used for foundation trench excavation. When the rock is very hard, even high-risk construction methods such as small-scale blasting are used.

[0003] In response to the above situation, rock splitting technology, as an effective method for rock excavation, has been increasingly widely applied in the field of mining technology. Using hydraulic rock splitting rods for rock splitting excavation has certain technical advantages. For example, Chinese invention patent CN115182744A discloses a rock directional fracturing device, which uses high-pressure water jets to cut guide grooves in existing boreholes and then uses emulsion-filled water bladders to generate squeezing force to split the rock mass. The entire operation process is too complicated, with low construction efficiency and easy pollution. Another example is Chinese invention patent CN115573664A, which discloses a device and method for directional rock fracturing. Although it can realize the integrated operation of drilling-cutting and expansion fracturing, it lacks a fine control mechanism and construction steps to achieve precise excavation of rock trenches.

[0004] Therefore, in the current field of rock directional splitting technology, especially in the application of excavating complex-shaped foundation trenches in slope and mountain engineering, there is an urgent need for a more efficient, precise, and safer rock foundation trench excavation device and construction method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a rock trench excavation device that can complete the excavation of rock trenches more efficiently, precisely, and safely.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention provides a rock foundation trench excavation device, which includes:

[0007] A splitting rod includes two splitting shells, a water bladder, a water supply pipe, and a slurry discharge pipe. The two splitting shells are arranged in an arc shape and are connected by a telescopic rod to form an assembly cavity. The water bladder, the water supply pipe, and the slurry discharge pipe are all located inside the assembly cavity. A connecting pipe is connected to the surface of the water bladder, and both ends of the water supply pipe and the slurry discharge pipe extend outside the assembly cavity.

[0008] A water pump is connected to the first end of the water supply pipe, and a conical flow rotating nozzle is connected to the second end of the water supply pipe;

[0009] A two-way pump is connected to the connecting pipe to inject high-pressure water into the water bladder or to extract high-pressure water from the water bladder.

[0010] A slurry pump is connected to the first end of the slurry discharge pipe, and the second end of the slurry discharge pipe is located beside the conical flow rotating nozzle;

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the water supply pipe and the slurry discharge pipe are inserted into the water bladder and are separate from the water bladder.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the splitting rods are provided in a plurality of units connected in series, and the water supply pipes and slurry discharge pipes of any two adjacent splitting rods are connected by a compression fitting, and the water bladders of any two adjacent splitting rods are connected by a transfer pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, a first water storage tank is included, which is connected to the water pump.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, a second water storage tank is included, which is connected to the bidirectional pump.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, a waste residue bin is included, which is connected to the slurry discharge pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the splitting rod further includes a protective cover, which is disposed at the bottom of the splitting shell. The protective cover is hemispherical and has a first through hole and a second through hole on its surface. The water supply pipe passes through the first through hole and is threadedly connected to the protective cover, and the slurry discharge pipe passes through the second through hole.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the second end of the water supply pipe is further provided with a cantilever rod, a spring, and an electromagnet. The first end of the cantilever rod is hinged to the pipe body of the water supply pipe. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the pipe body and the cantilever rod. The conical flow rotating nozzle is provided with a wing rod. The cantilever rod has a first state and a second state.

[0018] When the electromagnet is not activated, the cantilever is in the first state, and the cantilever moves away from the wing rod under the action of the spring;

[0019] When the electromagnet is activated, the cantilever is in the second state, and the cantilever is attracted by the electromagnet to approach and abut against the wing rod to prevent the cone-shaped flow rotating nozzle from rotating.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, a waterproof camera and a video display are also included, wherein the waterproof camera is disposed beside the conical flow rotating nozzle, and the video display is electrically connected to the waterproof camera.

[0021] Another object of this application is to provide a method for excavating a rock foundation trench, which includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Conduct exploration of the rock mass to be excavated to obtain excavation parameters such as the rock mass's strength and hardness;

[0023] Step 2: Determine the number, location, direction, and depth of the guide holes and split holes based on the excavation parameters and the geometry of the rock trench. The guide holes are arranged at the corners and the guide grooves in the guide holes are perpendicular to the angle bisectors of the two split directions that meet at the corner. The split holes are arranged on the boundary line and the guide grooves in the split holes are set along the split direction.

[0024] Step 3: Divide the construction blocks according to the shape of the rock trench. Each block has a free surface, and the guide holes and splitting holes are arranged around the corresponding block.

[0025] Step 4: Based on the predetermined depth of the pilot hole or splitting hole and the difficulty of splitting the rock, pre-set multiple drilling-splitting stages. The drilling and splitting depth of each stage is the length of the splitting rod. Set up several splitting rods along the direction of the pilot hole or splitting hole and connect the splitting rods to each other.

[0026] Step 5: Based on the rock strength parameters, preliminarily determine the output pressure of the drainage pump. Use the conical high-pressure water jet sprayed by the conical flow rotary nozzle to perform rotary drilling on the rock mass. After drilling to a certain depth, stop the water pump and energize the electromagnet to stop the conical flow rotary nozzle from rotating. Restart the water pump to form a fan-shaped high-pressure water jet for cutting the guide groove. Then cut off the current to the electromagnet to make the nozzle rotate again. Continue to use the conical high-pressure water jet to rotate and drill. Repeat the above operation until the drilling and guide groove cutting within the depth range of this stage are completed. The rock debris mixed with water to form slurry is pumped out to the waste slag bin by the slurry discharge pump through the slurry discharge pipe.

[0027] Step 6: After drilling and cutting the guide grooves for each guide hole and splitting hole, start the bidirectional pump and slowly inject high-pressure water into the water bladder of each splitting rod. The water bladder gradually expands and applies pressure to the splitting shell, causing it to move outward and squeeze the rock mass to achieve rock splitting.

[0028] Step 7: Submerge the waterproof camera into each guide hole or split hole, check the splitting depth using a video monitor, and stop the bidirectional pump after the target splitting depth is reached.

[0029] Step 8: Start the two-way pump and switch from water injection to water pumping to discharge the high-pressure water in the water tank;

[0030] Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until the target depth of the hole is reached;

[0031] Step 10: Use a pneumatic drill to break and level the local rock mass until the target rock trench is formed.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, step four further includes:

[0033] Add or remove splitting rods according to the drilling depth at each stage.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, step five further includes:

[0035] Adjust the pressure of the water supply pipe according to the amount of stone debris discharged from the slurry discharge pipe. Increase the pressure when there is less stone debris and decrease the pressure when there is more stone debris.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, step five further includes:

[0037] When rock splitting is difficult, after releasing the pressure of the water bladder, the splitting rod should be appropriately withdrawn out of the hole to reduce the depth of splitting in a single operation.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the orientation of the splitting rod in the guide hole or splitting hole in step five should be such that the minor axis of the elliptical cross-section of the water bladder is parallel to the direction of the guide groove.

[0039] The rock foundation trench excavation device provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0040] 1. Changing the traditional drilling method, the cone-shaped jet nozzle on the splitting rod is used for rotary drilling and alternating with guide groove cutting. After drilling to the target depth, rock splitting can be achieved without withdrawing the drilling equipment, realizing an integrated operation of drilling-grooving-expansion fracturing, which significantly improves work efficiency.

[0041] 2. The splitting rods are provided in several quantities and can be detachably connected to each other, so that the number of splitting rods can be adjusted as needed.

[0042] This invention also provides a method for excavating rock foundation trenches, which, compared with the prior art, has the following advantages:

[0043] 1. By setting guide grooves to control the direction of crack development during the splitting process, and by setting crack guide holes to control the development of cracks at the corners, more precise splitting control can be achieved to realize fine rock foundation trench excavation.

[0044] 2. A progressive splitting excavation method was adopted, which allows for real-time adjustments to the construction plan based on the difficulty of each splitting stage. These adjustments include the pressure values ​​of each pump, the splitting depth each time, and whether to add drilling abrasive to the high-pressure water. This ensures that the entire splitting process is carried out efficiently, accurately, and safely. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock trench excavation device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitting rod according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cover and its surrounding structure according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure around the bottom of the water pipe according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a block division diagram of the excavation area according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a side view of the drilling arrangement of various blocks in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a drilling layout diagram of block a in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 This is a drilling arrangement diagram of block b and block c in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 9 This is a drilling layout diagram of block d in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the final formation of the rock foundation trench according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative orientation of the borehole guide groove and the airbag in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of drilling and splitting in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] In the diagram, 1. Splitting rod; 101. Splitting shell; 102. Telescopic rod; 103. Water bladder; 104. Connecting pipe; 105. Water supply pipe; 106. Slurry discharge pipe; 107. Compression fitting; 108. Transfer pipe; 109. Conical flow rotating nozzle; 110. Protective cover; 111. Cantilever rod; 112. Spring; 113. Electromagnet; 114. Wing rod; 2. Water pump; 3. Two-way pump; 4. Slurry discharge pump; 5. First water storage tank; 6. Second water storage tank; 7. Waste slag tank; 8. Waterproof camera; 9. Video display screen; 10. Drill hole; 11. Guide groove; 12. Fracturing hole; 13. Splitting hole; 14. Excavation outline. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0059] It should be understood that the terms "before," "after," etc., are used in this invention to describe various types of information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, "before" information can also be called "after" information, and "after" information can also be called "before" information, without departing from the scope of this invention.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention provides a rock foundation trench excavation device, which includes a splitting rod 1, a water pump 2, a bidirectional pump 3, a slurry discharge pump 4, a first water storage tank 5, a second water storage tank 6, and a waste slag tank 7. The splitting rod 1 includes two splitting shells 101, a water bladder 103, a water supply pipe 105, and a slurry discharge pipe 106. The two splitting shells 101 are arranged in an arc shape facing each other and are connected by a telescopic rod 102 to form an assembly cavity. The water bladder 103... Both the water supply pipe 105 and the slurry discharge pipe 106 are located within the assembly cavity. Furthermore, a connecting pipe 104 is connected to the surface of the water bladder 103 to connect to the bidirectional pump 3. The bidirectional pump 3 can inject high-pressure water into the water bladder 103 or extract high-pressure water from the water bladder 103. The second water storage tank 6 is connected to the bidirectional pump 3 to supply water to it. The water supply pipe 105 and the slurry discharge pipe 106 pass through the water bladder 103 and are independent of it; that is, the water supply pipe 105 and the slurry discharge pipe 106... 06 is not connected to the water bladder 103. Furthermore, the first end of the water supply pipe 105 is connected to a water pump 2, which can deliver high-pressure water through the water supply pipe 105. The second end of the water supply pipe 105 is connected to a conical flow rotary nozzle 109. The high-pressure water delivered by the water pump 2 reaches the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 through the water supply pipe 105 and is transformed into a conical high-pressure water jet to perform rotary drilling 10 on the rock mass. When the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 stops... During operation, the high-pressure water delivered by the water pump 2 can also be directly formed into a fan-shaped high-pressure water jet through the water pipe 105 to cut the guide groove 11. The first water storage tank 5 is connected to the water pump 2 to supply water to the water pump 2. The first end of the slurry discharge pipe 106 is connected to the slurry discharge pump 4, and the second end of the slurry discharge pipe 106 is located on the side of the cone-shaped rotating nozzle 109. The slurry formed by the rock debris cut by the high-pressure water flow and the water is drawn by the slurry discharge pump 4 and reaches the waste slag bin 7 along the slurry discharge pump 4.

[0061] Based on the above structure, the rock trench excavation device of this application supplies high-pressure water to the water pump 2 through the first water storage tank 5, and the high-pressure water is transmitted to the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 through the water pipe 105 via the water pump 2. Subsequently, the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 uses high-pressure water to cut the rock and drill holes 10. The rock debris formed by the high-pressure water cutting mixes with water to form slurry. At this time, the slurry pump 4 is started to absorb the slurry into the waste slag bin 7 through the slurry discharge pipe 106 to ensure the normal progress of cutting and drilling 10. After the cutting is completed... After completion, the bidirectional pump 3 is activated to draw water from the second water storage tank 6 and inject high-pressure water into the water bladder 103. As the high-pressure water is continuously injected, the water bladder 103 expands and squeezes the splitting shell 101. Under the pressure of the water bladder 103, the splitting shell 101 moves along the direction set by the telescopic rod 102 and squeezes the rock mass to achieve rock splitting. After splitting, the water flow direction of the bidirectional pump 3 is switched to draw high-pressure water from the water bladder 103 and transmit the high-pressure water back to the second water storage tank 6. The above operation is repeated multiple times to complete the excavation of the rock foundation trench. In this way, the foundation trench excavation device of this application changes the traditional drilling method 10. It uses the conical flow jet nozzle on the splitting rod 1 to perform rotary drilling 10 and alternating with the cutting of the guide groove 11. After drilling to the target depth, the drilling equipment 10 does not need to be withdrawn to achieve rock splitting, realizing the integrated operation of drilling 10-grooving-expansion fracturing, which significantly improves work efficiency.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, for some deep boreholes 10, using only a single splitting rod 1 is obviously insufficient to meet the construction requirements. Therefore, in some embodiments of this application, multiple splitting rods 1 are provided. For the configuration of multiple splitting rods 1, the water supply pipe 105 and slurry discharge pipe 106 of any two adjacent splitting rods 1 are connected by a compression fitting 107, and the water bladders 103 of any two adjacent splitting rods 1 are connected by a transfer pipe 108. Thus, this application provides a plurality of splitting rods 1, and each splitting rod 1 is detachably connected, allowing for adjustment of the number of splitting rods 1 as needed.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the splitting rod 1 further includes a protective cover 110 disposed at the bottom of the splitting shell 101. The protective cover 110 is hemispherical and has a first through hole and a second through hole on its surface. The water supply pipe 105 passes through the first through hole and is threadedly connected to the protective cover 110, while the slurry discharge pipe 106 passes through the second through hole. Based on the above structure, the protective cover 110 is disposed at the bottom of the bottommost splitting rod 1, which can avoid direct contact between the splitting rod 1 and the rock, and the hemispherical protective cover 110 also minimizes its contact strength with the rock.

[0064] To prevent damage, the first through hole on the protective cover 110 is provided with an internal thread, and the corresponding position of the water pipe 105 is provided with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread. The protective cover 110 and the water pipe 105 are connected by the aforementioned threaded connection.

[0065] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown in some embodiments of this application, the second end of the water supply pipe 105 is also provided with a cantilever rod 111, a spring 112 and an electromagnet 113. The first end of the cantilever rod 111 is hinged to the pipe body of the water supply pipe 105. The two ends of the spring 112 are respectively connected to the pipe body and the cantilever rod 111. The conical flow rotating nozzle 109 is provided with a wing rod 114. The cantilever rod 111 has a first state and a second state. When the electromagnet 113 is not activated, the cantilever rod 111 is in the first state. The cantilever rod 111 moves away from the wing rod 114 under the action of the spring 112. When the electromagnet 113 is activated, the cantilever rod 111 is in the second state. The cantilever rod 111 is attracted by the electromagnet 113 and approaches and abuts against the wing rod 114 to prevent the conical flow rotating nozzle 109 from rotating. Based on the above structure, this application can prevent the rotation of the conical flow rotating nozzle 109 by activating the electromagnet 113 to attract the cantilever rod 111 against the wing rod 114. When the conical flow rotating nozzle 109 rotates, the high-pressure water jet can rotate and drill holes 10 in the rock. When the conical flow rotating nozzle 109 stops rotating, the high-pressure water jet can cut the rock to form a guide groove 11.

[0066] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rock trench excavation device of this application also includes a waterproof camera 8 and a video display. The waterproof camera 8 is located next to the cone-shaped rotating nozzle 109 to take real-time pictures of the borehole 10 to investigate the working situation. At the same time, the waterproof camera 8 is also electrically connected to the video display screen 9, and the operator can view the construction situation through the video display screen.

[0067] Based on the aforementioned rock trench excavation device, this application also provides a rock trench excavation method, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Conduct exploration of the rock mass to be excavated to obtain excavation parameters such as the rock mass's strength and hardness;

[0069] Step 2: Determine the number, location, direction, and depth of the guide holes 12 and split holes 13 based on the excavation parameters and the geometry of the rock trench. The guide holes 12 are arranged at the corners and the guide grooves 11 in the guide holes 12 are perpendicular to the angle bisectors of the two splitting directions that meet at the corner. The split holes 13 are arranged on the boundary line and the guide grooves 11 in the split holes 13 are set along the splitting direction.

[0070] Step 3: Divide the construction area into blocks according to the shape of the rock trench, such as... Figures 5 to 7As shown, taking a stepped foundation trench as an example, the construction blocks are divided according to the outline of the foundation trench to be excavated. In this embodiment, the foundation trench to be excavated is divided into five blocks, a to e, and the trench is excavated sequentially in the order of a, b, c, d, and e to ensure that each block has a free surface. Blocks a to d are excavated using directional splitting, and block e is excavated using a pneumatic drill. Drill hole 10 is divided into guide holes 12 and splitting holes 13. The number, location, direction, and depth of guide holes 12 and splitting holes 13 are determined according to the difficulty of rock splitting, as detailed below. Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the guide holes 12 are arranged at the corner, and the guide grooves 11 in the guide holes 12 are perpendicular to the angle bisectors of the two splitting directions that intersect at the corner point; the splitting holes 13 are arranged on the boundary line, and the guide grooves 11 in the splitting holes 13 are set along the splitting direction; it should be noted that when the rock strength is high, the spacing of the splitting holes 13 should be small, so there are more of them, and they are evenly distributed on the boundary line; in fact, the direction of the guide holes 12 and splitting holes 13 is from the rock surface to the outline of the trench to be excavated inside the rock, and the depth is about 10 cm above the outline of the trench from the rock surface;

[0071] Step 4: Based on the predetermined depth of the guide hole 12 or split hole 13 and the difficulty of rock splitting, pre-set multiple drilling holes 10-splitting stages. The drilling and splitting depth of each stage is the length of the splitting rod 1. Set up several splitting rods 1 along the direction of the guide hole 12 or split hole 13 and connect each splitting rod 1 to the other.

[0072] Step 5: Based on the rock strength parameters, preliminarily determine the output pressure of the drainage pump. Use the conical high-pressure water jet sprayed by the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 to perform rotary drilling 10 on the rock mass. After drilling to a certain depth, stop the water pump 2, and energize the electromagnet 113 to stop the conical flow rotary nozzle 109 from rotating. Restart the water pump 2 to form a fan-shaped high-pressure water jet for cutting the guide groove 11. Then cut off the current of the electromagnet 113 to make the nozzle rotate again. Continue to use the conical high-pressure water jet to rotate the hole 10. Repeat the above operation until the hole 10 and guide groove 11 are cut within the depth range of this stage. The rock debris mixed with water to form slurry is pumped out by the slurry discharge pipe 106 and pumped to the waste slag bin 7 by the slurry discharge pump 4.

[0073] Step 6: After the drilling 10 and guide groove 11 are completed in each guide hole 12 and splitting hole 13, start the bidirectional pump 3 and slowly inject high-pressure water into the water bladder 103 of each splitting rod 1. The water bladder 103 gradually expands and applies pressure to the splitting shell 101, causing it to move outward and squeeze the rock mass to achieve the splitting of the rock mass.

[0074] Step 7: Submerge the waterproof camera 8 into each guide hole 12 or split hole 13, check the splitting depth using a video monitor, and stop the bidirectional pump 3 after the target splitting depth is reached.

[0075] Step 8: Start the bidirectional pump 3 and switch from water injection to water pumping to discharge the high-pressure water in the water bladder 103;

[0076] Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until the target depth of the hole is reached;

[0077] Step 10: Use a pneumatic drill to break and level the local rock mass until the target rock trench is formed.

[0078] Optionally, in step four above, the operator may add or remove the splitting rod 1 according to the drilling depth at each stage.

[0079] Furthermore, in step five above, the operator can adjust the pressure of the water supply pipe 105 according to the amount of stone debris discharged from the slurry discharge pipe. When there is less stone debris, the pressure is increased; when there is more stone debris, the pressure is decreased. And when it is difficult to split the rock, the pressure of the water bag 103 is released and the splitting rod 1 is appropriately withdrawn from the hole to reduce the single splitting depth.

[0080] In addition, in order to enhance the squeezing effect of the water bladder 103 on the split shell 101, the cross-section of the water bladder 103 in this application is elliptical. At this time, the position of the splitting rod 1 in the guide hole 12 or splitting hole 13 should be such that the minor axis of the elliptical cross-section of the water bladder 103 is parallel to the direction of the guide groove 11.

[0081] In summary, this invention provides a rock trench excavation device, comprising a rock splitting rod, a water pump, a bidirectional pump, a slurry pump, and a rotary nozzle. The splitting rod has a water bladder, a water supply pipe, and a slurry discharge pipe inside its splitting shell. The bidirectional pump is connected to the water bladder via a connecting pipe to inject water into the bladder, thereby squeezing the splitting shell to split the rock. The water pump delivers high-pressure water to the rotary nozzle through the water supply pipe to drill and cut the rock. The slurry pump pumps the slurry formed after the high-pressure water cutting away from the construction area through the slurry discharge pipe. This rock trench excavation device is more efficient and precise.

[0082] The present invention also provides a method for excavating rock foundation trenches, which also has the advantages of high efficiency and precision.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock foundation trench excavation device, characterized in that, include: A splitting rod includes two splitting shells, a water bladder, a water supply pipe, and a slurry discharge pipe. The two splitting shells are arranged in an arc shape and are connected by a telescopic rod to form an assembly cavity. The water bladder, the water supply pipe, and the slurry discharge pipe are all located inside the assembly cavity. A connecting pipe is connected to the surface of the water bladder, and both ends of the water supply pipe and the slurry discharge pipe extend outside the assembly cavity. A water pump is connected to the first end of the water supply pipe, and a conical flow rotating nozzle is connected to the second end of the water supply pipe; A two-way pump is connected to the connecting pipe to inject high-pressure water into the water bladder or to extract high-pressure water from the water bladder. A slurry pump is connected to the first end of the slurry discharge pipe, and the second end of the slurry discharge pipe is located beside the conical flow rotating nozzle; The second end of the water supply pipe is also equipped with a cantilever rod, a spring, and an electromagnet. The first end of the cantilever rod is hinged to the pipe body of the water supply pipe. The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the pipe body and the cantilever rod. The conical flow rotating nozzle is equipped with a wing rod. The cantilever rod has a first state and a second state. When the electromagnet is not activated, the cantilever is in the first state, and the cantilever moves away from the wing rod under the action of the spring; When the electromagnet is activated, the cantilever is in the second state, and the cantilever is attracted by the electromagnet to approach and abut against the wing rod to prevent the cone-shaped flow rotating nozzle from rotating.

2. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply pipe and the slurry discharge pipe are installed inside the water bladder and are independent of the water bladder.

3. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The splitting rods are provided in a plurality of units and connected in series. The water supply pipes and slurry discharge pipes of any two adjacent splitting rods are connected by a compression fitting. The water bladders of any two adjacent splitting rods are connected by a transfer pipe.

4. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first water storage tank, which is connected to the water pump.

5. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a second water storage tank, which is connected to the bidirectional pump.

6. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a waste residue bin, which is connected to the slurry discharge pipe.

7. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splitting rod also includes a protective cover, which is located at the bottom of the splitting shell. The protective cover is hemispherical and has a first through hole and a second through hole on its surface. The water supply pipe passes through the first through hole and is threadedly connected to the protective cover. The slurry discharge pipe passes through the second through hole.

8. The rock trench excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a waterproof camera and a video display, the waterproof camera being located beside the conical flow rotating nozzle, and the video display being electrically connected to the waterproof camera.

9. A method for excavating a rock foundation trench based on the rock foundation trench excavation device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct exploration of the rock mass to be excavated to obtain excavation parameters such as the rock mass's strength and hardness. Step 2: Determine the number, location, direction, and depth parameters of the guide holes and split holes based on the excavation parameters and the geometry of the rock foundation trench. The guide holes are arranged at the corners and the guide grooves in the guide holes are perpendicular to the angle bisectors of the two split directions that meet at the corner. The split holes are arranged on the boundary line and the guide grooves in the split holes are set along the split direction. Step 3: Divide the construction blocks according to the shape of the rock trench. Each block has a free surface, and the guide holes and splitting holes are arranged around the corresponding block. Step 4: Based on the predetermined depth of the pilot hole or splitting hole and the difficulty of splitting the rock, pre-set multiple drilling-splitting stages. The drilling and splitting depth of each stage is the length of the splitting rod. Set up several splitting rods along the direction of the pilot hole or splitting hole and connect the splitting rods to each other. Step 5: Based on the rock strength parameters, preliminarily determine the output pressure of the drainage pump. Use the cone-shaped high-pressure water jet sprayed by the cone-shaped flow rotary nozzle to perform rotary drilling on the rock mass. After drilling to a certain depth, stop the water pump and energize the electromagnet to stop the cone-shaped flow rotary nozzle from rotating. Restart the water pump to form a fan-shaped high-pressure water jet for cutting the guide groove. Then cut off the current to the electromagnet to make the nozzle rotate again. Continue to use the cone-shaped high-pressure water jet for rotary drilling. Repeat the operation until the drilling and guide groove cutting within the depth range of this stage are completed. The rock debris mixed with water to form slurry is pumped out to the waste slag bin by the slurry discharge pump through the slurry discharge pipe. Step 6: After drilling and cutting the guide grooves for each guide hole and splitting hole, start the bidirectional pump and slowly inject high-pressure water into the water bladder of each splitting rod. The water bladder gradually expands and applies pressure to the splitting shell, causing it to move outward and squeeze the rock mass to achieve rock splitting. Step 7: Submerge the waterproof camera into each guide hole or split hole, check the splitting depth using a video monitor, and stop the bidirectional pump after the target splitting depth is reached. Step 8: Start the two-way pump and switch from water injection to water pumping to discharge the high-pressure water in the water tank; Step 9: Repeat steps 5 through 8 until the target depth of the hole is reached; Step 10: Use a pneumatic drill to break and level the local rock mass until the target rock trench is formed.

10. The method for excavating a rock foundation trench according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step four also includes: Add or remove splitting rods according to the drilling depth at each stage.

11. The method for excavating a rock foundation trench according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step five also includes: Adjust the pressure of the water supply pipe according to the amount of stone debris discharged from the slurry discharge pipe. Increase the pressure when there is less stone debris and decrease the pressure when there is more stone debris.

12. The method for excavating a rock foundation trench according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step five also includes: When rock splitting is difficult, after releasing the pressure of the water bladder, the splitting rod should be appropriately withdrawn out of the hole to reduce the depth of splitting in a single operation.

13. The method for excavating a rock foundation trench according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step five, the orientation of the splitting rod in the guide hole or splitting hole should be such that the minor axis of the elliptical cross-section of the water bladder is parallel to the direction of the guide groove.

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