Combustion chamber flame tube

Abstract

The application discloses a flame tube for a combustion chamber, which comprises a flow guide bushing, a tube body and a first flow guide component. The tube body is sleeved in the flow guide bushing, and the flow guide bushing and the tube body are arranged in a spaced manner along the inside and outside directions to form a cooling channel so that cooling gas flows into the cooling channel. The tube body is provided with a mounting cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the tube body and is communicated with the mounting cavity so that the cooling gas flows into the mounting cavity through the air inlet. The air outlet is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the tube body and is communicated with the mounting cavity so that the cooling gas flows out of the mounting cavity through the air outlet. The first flow guide component is arranged in the mounting cavity and is connected with the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity so that the first flow guide component disturbs the cooling gas in the mounting cavity. The ratio of the surface area of the first flow guide component to the volume thereof is a, the ratio of the area of the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity to the volume thereof is b, and a is greater than b. The flame tube for the combustion chamber has the advantages of simple structure and good cooling effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of gas turbine technology, in particular to a flame tube for a combustion chamber. BACKGROUND

[0002] A gas turbine mainly comprises a compressor, a combustion chamber and a turbine, the compressor compresses air, the high-pressure air enters the combustion chamber to mix and burn with fuel, the high-temperature gas generated by the burning enters the turbine to do work, part of the power generated by the turbine drives the compressor to compress air, and the other part of the power drives a generator to generate electricity. For the combustion chamber, it mainly comprises a fuel nozzle, a flow guide bushing, a flame tube and a transition section, etc., the compressed air enters the annular passage between the flow guide bushing and the flame tube in a reverse flow, mixes with the fuel in the nozzle, and the combustible mixture enters the flame tube to burn and generate high-temperature gas which enters the turbine through the transition section.

[0003] The cylinder of the flame tube is cooled by the impact cooling mode of the flow guide bushing, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to obtain better impact cooling effect, the diameter of the impact hole of the flow guide bushing cannot be too large to ensure a high impact air flow speed. Figure 5

[0004] In the related art, when the cylinder of the flame tube is cooled by the impact cooling mode, due to the setting of the impact hole, the total pressure loss of the impact cooling section is high, which is not conducive to the pressure loss design of the combustion chamber. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides a flame tube for a combustion chamber, which is simple in structure, low in cost and long in service life.

[0007] The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present application comprises a flow guide bushing and a cylinder, the cylinder is sleeved in the flow guide bushing, and the flow guide bushing and the cylinder are spaced apart in the inner-outer direction to form a cooling passage, so that cooling air flows into the cooling passage, the cylinder has a mounting cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder and communicates with the mounting cavity, so that the cooling air flows into the mounting cavity through the air inlet, the air outlet is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and communicates with the mounting cavity, so that the cooling air flows out of the mounting cavity through the air outlet, a first flow guide member is arranged in the mounting cavity and connected with the inner peripheral surface of the mounting cavity, so that the first flow guide member disturbs the cooling air in the mounting cavity, the ratio of the surface area of the first flow guide member to its volume is a, the ratio of the area of the inner peripheral surface of the mounting cavity to its volume is b, and the a is greater than the b, so as to improve the heat exchange coefficient of the cylinder. ​

[0008] The flame tube for the combustion chamber according to the embodiments of the present application is provided with a mounting cavity and a first flow guide member, so that the total pressure loss of the flow guide bushing section is reduced, the excellent cooling effect of the tube body is achieved with less amount of cooling gas, the structural strength requirement is met, the service life of the tube body is prolonged, and the reliability of the combustion chamber is improved.

[0009] In some embodiments, the mounting cavity is provided in plurality, the mounting cavities are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tube body, and the first flow guide members are provided in plurality, with one first flow guide member corresponding to one mounting cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mounting cavities are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tube body, so that the mounting cavities are annular cavities, and the first flow guide members are annular members and are arranged in the mounting cavities.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flame tube for the combustion chamber further comprises a second flow guide member, the second flow guide member is arranged in the airflow passage and connected to the outer circumferential surface of the tube body, the ratio of the surface area of the second flow guide member to its volume is c, the ratio of the area of the inner circumferential surface of the airflow passage to its volume is d, and the c is greater than the d, so as to improve the heat exchange coefficient of the tube body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flame tube comprises a first section, a second section and a third section connected in sequence, the first section and the third section are arranged at two ends of the second section respectively, the cross-sectional area of the inner circumferential surface of the first section and the cross-sectional area of the inner circumferential surface of the third section are constant along the length direction of the flame tube, the second section gradually decreases in the direction away from the first section, the mounting cavity is arranged in the second section, the gas inlet is arranged adjacent to one end of the third section, and the gas outlet is arranged adjacent to one end of the first section.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first flow guide members are provided in plurality, the first flow guide members are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the tube body in sequence, and each row comprises a plurality of first flow guide members arranged in sequence along the circumference of the tube body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second flow guide members are provided in plurality, the second flow guide members are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the tube body in sequence, and each row comprises a plurality of second flow guide members arranged in sequence along the circumference of the tube body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second flow guide members are formed by an additive manufacturing process.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first flow guide members and the tube body are formed by an additive manufacturing process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the shape of at least one of the first flow guide member and the second flow guide member is any one of an X-lattice shape, a Kagome lattice shape, a face-centered cubic lattice shape, and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a flame tube for a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 1.

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a partial enlarged view of C in FIG. 1.

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a first flow guide member of a flame tube for a combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a flame tube according to a related art.

[0023] a flame tube for a combustion chamber 100;

[0024] a tube body 1; a gas flow passage 11; a first section 12; a second section 13; a third section 14; an air inlet 15; an air outlet 16;

[0025] a flow guide bushing 2; an impact hole 21;

[0026] a first flow guide member 3; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. The embodiments described below are examples and are intended to explain the present application, and are not to be understood as limiting the present application.

[0028] A flame tube for a combustion chamber 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0029] As Figures 1-4 shown, the flame tube for a combustion chamber 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a flow guide bushing 2, a tube body 1, and a first flow guide member 3.

[0030] The cylinder 1 is sleeved in the flow guide bush 2, and the flow guide bush 2 and the cylinder 1 are arranged in the inner-outer direction to form a cooling channel, so that cooling gas flows into the cooling channel, the cylinder 1 has a mounting cavity, an air inlet 15 and an air outlet 16, the air inlet 15 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 1 and communicates with the mounting cavity, so that the cooling gas flows into the mounting cavity through the air inlet, and the air outlet 16 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 1 and communicates with the mounting cavity, so that the cooling gas flows out of the mounting cavity through the air outlet 16.

[0031] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-2 the cylinder 1 and the flow guide bush are both metal sleeves extending in the left-right direction, the left end of the cylinder 1 is connected with the fuel nozzle, the combustible mixed gas flows into the cylinder 1 and generates high-temperature gas in the cylinder 1, and the right end of the cylinder 1 is connected with the turbine, so that the gas generated in the cylinder 1 drives the turbine to work, thereby converting the internal energy of the fuel into mechanical energy, the air inlet 15 is formed at the right end of the mounting cavity and located on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 1, and the air outlet 16 is formed at the left end of the mounting cavity and located on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 1, due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cylinder 1, the cooling gas flows into the mounting cavity through the air inlet 15, so that the cooling gas exchanges heat with the cylinder 1, the temperature of the cylinder 1 is lowered, and the temperature of the cooling gas is raised, and then the cooled cooling gas flows out of the mounting cavity through the air outlet 16 and flows into the cylinder 1.

[0032] The first flow guide member 3 is arranged in the mounting cavity and connected with the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity, so that the first flow guide member 3 disturbs the cooling gas in the mounting cavity, the ratio of the surface area of the first flow guide member 3 to the volume thereof is a, the ratio of the area of the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity to the volume thereof is b, and a is greater than b, so as to improve the heat exchange coefficient of the cylinder 1. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-4 the ratio of the surface area of the first flow guide member 3 to the volume thereof is a, the ratio of the area of the side wall of the mounting cavity to the volume thereof is b, in other words, the specific surface area of the first flow guide member 3 is large, therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the first flow guide member 3 with the cooling gas relative to the mounting cavity is high, the first flow guide member 3 is arranged in the mounting cavity and fixed on the side wall of the mounting cavity, and the heat exchanger flowing through the mounting cavity is disturbed by the first flow guide member 3, thereby improving the heat exchange coefficient of the side surface of the mounting cavity, so that the mounting cavity can improve the heat exchange effect with the cooling gas through the first flow guide member 3.

[0033] The combustion chamber flame tube 100 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a mounting cavity and a first flow guide member 3, and the tube body 1 is cooled and optimized. The effective area of the mounting cavity is significantly reduced by the first flow guide member 3, and the amount of cooling gas is reduced. Secondly, the high surface area / volume ratio of the first flow guide member 3 and the strong disturbance effect on the fluid significantly improve the convective heat transfer coefficient of the flame tube wall interlayer, optimize the cooling effect of the tube body 1, and in addition, compared with the related art, the impact hole 21 of the flow guide bushing 2 is cancelled, the total pressure loss of the combustion chamber is reduced, and the combustion effect of the combustion chamber is ensured.

[0034] In some embodiments, the combustion chamber flame tube 100 comprises a first section 12, a second section 13 and a third section 14 connected in sequence, the first section 12 and the third section 14 are respectively arranged at both ends of the second section 13, the cross-sectional area of the inner circumferential surface of the first section 12 and the cross-sectional area of the inner circumferential surface of the third section 14 are constant along the length direction of the flame tube, the second section 13 gradually decreases in the direction away from the first section 12, the mounting cavity is arranged in the second section 13, the gas inlet 15 is arranged adjacent to one end of the third section 14, and the gas outlet 16 is arranged adjacent to one end of the first section 12.

[0035] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-4 the first section 12 is arranged at the left end of the second section 13, the third section 14 is arranged at the right end of the second section 13, and the first section 12 and the second section 13 are both cylindrical with constant cross-sectional area, and the second section 13 is a circular truncated cone with gradually decreasing cross-sectional area. The first section 12 is in communication with the fuel nozzle, and the third section 14 is connected with the turbine, so that the high-temperature gas flows into the turbine through the third section 14 to drive the turbine to do work. Since the wall surface temperature of the second section 13 is relatively high (the area of the flame position is in the second section 13, the first section 12 is connected with the fuel nozzle, and the fuel nozzle has a cap to diffuse cooling gas, which can reduce the temperature of the first section 12, and the wall surface temperature of the first section 12 is lower than that of the second section 13), the mounting cavity extends in the left-right direction, the gas inlet 15 of the mounting cavity is arranged at the right end of the second section 13, and the gas outlet 16 of the mounting cavity is arranged at the left end of the second section 13. Therefore, the arrangement of the mounting cavity can improve the heat transfer coefficient of the second section 13, ensure the cooling effect of the second section 13, and improve the service life of the second section 13.

[0036] In some embodiments, the mounting cavity has a plurality of mounting cavities, and the plurality of mounting cavities are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the tube body 1. The first flow guide member 3 is a plurality of first flow guide members 3, and the plurality of first flow guide members 3 are arranged one by one in the plurality of mounting cavities. Specifically, the mounting cavity can be a rectangular cavity extending in the left-right direction, and the mounting cavity can be a plurality of mounting cavities, the plurality of mounting cavities are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the tube body, and the number of first flow guide members 3 can be a plurality, at least one first flow guide member 3 is arranged in each mounting cavity. Therefore, the tube body 1 is further cooled by the plurality of mounting cavities and the plurality of first flow guide members 3, and the cooling efficiency of the tube body 1 is improved.

[0037] In some embodiments, the mounting cavities are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1 so that the mounting cavities are annular cavities, and the first flow guiding members 3 are annular members and are mounted in the mounting cavities. In this way, the first flow guiding members 3 are uniformly distributed in the cylinder 1 through the mounting cavities, and the cooling efficiency of the cylinder 1 is improved.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first flow guiding members 3 are a plurality of first flow guiding members 3, and the plurality of first flow guiding members 3 are sequentially arranged into a plurality of rows along the length direction of the cylinder 1, and each row includes a plurality of first flow guiding members 3 sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first flow guiding members 3 are sequentially arranged into a plurality of rows along the left-right direction, and each row includes a plurality of first flow guiding members 3 sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1, so that the first flow guiding members 3 are arranged along the entire mounting cavities, and the cooling efficiency of the cylinder 1 is improved. Figure 1

[0039] In some embodiments, the flame tube 100 for the combustion chamber further includes a second flow guiding member (not shown in the figure), and the second flow guiding member is arranged in the airflow passage 11 and is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 1. The ratio of the surface area of the second flow guiding member to its volume is c, the ratio of the area of the inner circumferential surface of the airflow passage 11 to its volume is d, and c is greater than d, so as to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the cylinder 1. Specifically, the second flow guiding member is fixedly mounted in the airflow passage 11 and is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 1. The cooling gas flowing into the airflow passage 11 is disturbed by the second flow guiding member, and the specific surface area of the second flow guiding member is greater than the specific surface area of the airflow passage 11. Therefore, the cooling gas exchanges heat with the inner circumferential surface of the airflow passage 11 through the second flow guiding member, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher than that of the cooling gas flowing directly in the airflow passage 11. In addition, the second flow guiding member also hinders the flow of the cooling gas, prolonging the flow time of the cooling gas in the airflow passage 11. Therefore, the arrangement of the second flow guiding member can improve the heat transfer coefficient of the cylinder 1 and improve the cooling effect of the cooling gas.

[0040] In some embodiments, the second flow guiding member is a plurality of second flow guiding members, and the plurality of second flow guiding members are sequentially arranged into a plurality of rows along the length direction of the cylinder 1, and each row includes a plurality of second flow guiding members sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1. Specifically, the second flow guiding members are sequentially arranged into a plurality of rows along the left-right direction and are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the second section 13, and each row includes a plurality of second flow guiding members sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1, so that the second flow guiding members are distributed on the entire outer circumferential surface of the second section 13, and the cooling efficiency of the outer circumferential surface of the second section 13 is improved.

[0041] ​Due to the advantages of free-form manufacturing and rapid manufacturing process of the additive manufacturing process, in some embodiments, the first flow guide member 3 and the cylinder body 1 are formed by the additive manufacturing process, and the plurality of second flow guide members are formed by the additive manufacturing process. Thus, the first flow guide member 3 and the cylinder body 1 are integrally formed by the additive manufacturing process, which reduces the manufacturing time of the cylinder body 1, ensures the manufacturing quality of the cylinder body 1, and the plurality of second flow guide members are integrally formed by the additive manufacturing process, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the second flow guide members.

[0042] In some embodiments, the shape of at least one of the first flow guide member 3 and the second flow guide member is any one of an X-lattice shape, a Kagome lattice shape, a face-centered cubic lattice shape, etc. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4 the shape of the first flow guide member 3 and the shape of the second flow guide member can be an X-lattice shape, a Kagome lattice shape, a face-centered cubic lattice shape, etc. Since the specific surface area of the lattice shape is relatively large, the surface area of the first flow guide member 3 and the second flow guide member is relatively large under the same volume, and thus the cooling efficiency is relatively high, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cooling gas on the cylinder body 1. The first flow guide member 3 in the lattice shape can also support the cylinder body 1, improve the strength of the cylinder body 1, and prolong the service life of the cylinder body 1.

[0043] It should be noted that the present application does not make specific limitations on the arrangement of the plurality of first flow guide members 3 and the plurality of second flow guide members, and the plurality of first flow guide members 3 and the plurality of second flow guide members 4 can be fixed together in sequence according to actual conditions.

[0044] In summary, the flame tube 100 for the combustion chamber of the embodiment of the present application retains the flow guide bushing in the related art, removes the impact hole of the flow guide bushing, increases the passage height of the flow guide bushing, to ensure that the cold side of the flame tube still exists annular forced convection heat exchange. The flame tube body adopts the cooling mode of the first flow guide member 3 in the lattice shape, reduces the total pressure loss of the flow guide bushing section, realizes excellent cooling effect of the flame tube with less amount of cooling gas, and realizes the structural strength requirement.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0046] Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", or the like are used merely to describe corresponding features, and do not imply or connote relative importance or a quantity of the specified features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" can include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise.

[0047] In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be interpreted broadly, for example, can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or communication with each other; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless explicitly defined otherwise. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0049] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flame tube for a combustion chamber, characterized in that, include: Guide bushing; A cylindrical body is fitted inside the flow guide bushing, and the flow guide bushing and the cylindrical body are spaced apart in the inward and outward directions to form a cooling channel so that cooling air can flow into the cooling channel. The cylindrical body has an installation cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical body and communicates with the installation cavity so that cooling air can flow into the installation cavity through the air inlet. The air outlet is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical body and communicates with the installation cavity so that cooling air can flow out of the installation cavity through the air outlet. A first flow guide member is disposed inside the mounting cavity and connected to the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity, so that the first flow guide member disturbs the cooling air inside the mounting cavity. The ratio of the surface area to the volume of the first flow guide member is a, and the ratio of the area to the volume of the inner circumferential surface of the mounting cavity is b. The a is greater than the b, so as to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the cylinder. A second flow guide component is disposed within the airflow channel and connected to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder. The ratio of the surface area to the volume of the second flow guide component is c, and the ratio of the area to the volume of the inner circumferential surface of the airflow channel is d. c is greater than d to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the cylinder. The flame tube includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence. The first section and the third section are respectively located at both ends of the second section. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential surface of the first section and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential surface of the third section are constant along the length of the flame tube. The second section gradually decreases in the direction away from the first section. The mounting cavity is located in the second section. The air inlet is located near one end of the third section, and the air outlet is located near one end of the first section. The shape of at least one of the first flow guiding member and the second flow guiding member is any one of the following: X-type lattice shape, Kagome lattice shape, or face-centered cubic lattice shape.

2. The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple mounting cavities, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the cylinder. There are multiple first flow guiding components, which are arranged one-to-one in the multiple mounting cavities.

3. The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flow guiding component is an annular component and is installed inside the mounting cavity.

4. The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple second flow guiding components, and the multiple second flow guiding components are arranged in multiple rows along the length direction of the cylinder. Each row includes several second flow guiding components arranged in sequence along the circumference of the cylinder.

5. The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple second flow guiding components are formed by additive manufacturing process.

6. The flame tube for a combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first flow guide component and the cylinder are formed by additive manufacturing process.

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