A method of progressive modified passive processing of a PCD cutter edge

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cutting processing, and discloses a progressive modification passivation processing method for a PCD cutter edge, which comprises the following steps: a step of cleaning and treating a PCD cutter to remove oil stains, a step of fixing the PCD cutter on a sputtering clamp and placing the cutter in a magnetron sputtering device to perform progressive sputtering gold plating treatment on the cutter edge, and a step of fixing and clamping the PCD cutter after the sputtering gold plating treatment on a passivation clamp and placing the cutter in an electric spark passivation device to perform passivation treatment and obtain a modified PCD cutter. In the present application, the magnetron sputtering is used for progressive gold plating of the weakly conductive PCD cutter, so as to improve the conductivity of the PCD cutter in the passivation process. The electric spark passivation treatment is adopted to improve the processing efficiency of the electric spark passivation PCD cutter, realize the controllable removal of the edge material, effectively process the edge of the superhard cutter, and enhance the edge strength, improve the material removal rate, and prolong the service life of the cutter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cutting machining, and particularly relates to a progressive modification passivation machining method for a PCD cutter edge. BACKGROUND

[0002] The structure and surface quality of a cutting tool edge have a crucial influence on its cutting performance. Edge passivation can customize the edge structure and effectively improve the edge surface quality, and has become a standard process for the preparation of high-performance tools. The main motivation for edge preparation is to improve edge strength to prevent early damage and other abnormal failures of the tool, improve tool life, and ensure the consistency of tool performance. It has been proven that the service life of tools after edge passivation treatment can be increased by at least 20%, and the service life of some types of tools can be increased by 1-3 times. Edge passivation is a kind of edge machining technology for eliminating micro defects at the edge and changing the micro-geometric shape of the edge. Common passivation methods include brush passivation, sandblasting passivation, and drag passivation. The main method is to remove the edge material through the relative movement of the abrasive and the tool edge. During passivation, the tool edge shape, size, and microstructure can be selected according to the actual machining conditions to prepare a suitable tool edge, which has a positive effect on prolonging the service life of the tool and improving the machining quality.

[0003] Chinese patent CN114227392A discloses a "machine tool cutter passivation equipment and passivation method thereof". The passivation method adopts a brush passivation process, which passivates the tool edge through the interaction between the nylon brush containing abrasive and the tool edge. When the brush is worn, new abrasive will be exposed to interact with the workpiece. The elastic brush wire is equivalent to a flexible file, which uniformly covers and files the tool edge to ensure that the passivated tool edge is flush and removes burrs on the tool surface. However, the passivation method has a greater impact on the sharpness of the brush under high cutting speed, which leads to a decrease in the sharpness of the brush. As the number of brush scraping cutting edges increases, the shape factor k value gradually decreases, indicating that the arc line on the exit surface is lengthened, which weakens the material removal capacity of the brush. The wear of the brush causes the deviation of the edge shape.

[0004] Chinese patent CN113732969A discloses "a diamond grinding wheel and its manufacturing method", which adopts diamond grinding wheel to grind hard alloy cutter edge, the diamond grinding wheel has high passivation size profile precision, uniform abrasive distribution and consistent abrasive layer embedding rate, and does not need to be modified during use, so that it can realize mass production of high-precision and high-efficiency rough and fine grinding integrated hard alloy cutter edge, and is beneficial to improve edge profile precision, stabilize edge quality, reduce production cost and improve production efficiency. However, when diamond grinding wheel is used to grind hard alloy cutter edge, the cutter edge after being ground by diamond grinding wheel will have different degrees of microscopic notches (i.e. small chipping and sawing), and the edge passivation part is uneven, thereby reducing the edge strength and shortening the service life of the cutter, and the microscopic notches of the cutter edge are easy to expand during cutting, reducing the cutting stability of the cutter and accelerating the wear and damage of the cutter.

[0005] Based on the high hardness and high wear resistance of PCD material, it is very difficult to process and form the cutter, especially in the process of cutter edge passivation, because the structure size is small and the material removal amount is required to be strict, so it is of great significance to develop a high-efficiency and accurate PCD cutter edge passivation method. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a progressive modification passivation processing method for PCD cutter edge, improve the passivation efficiency of PCD cutter edge, and realize accurate customization of the edge.

[0007] Technical scheme: the progressive modification passivation processing method for PCD cutter edge, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S 100 : cleaning the PCD cutter to remove oil stains, and obtaining the PCD cutter with no impurities on the surface;

[0009] Step S 200 : fixing the PCD cutter on a sputtering clamp and placing it in a magnetron sputtering device to perform progressive sputtering gold plating treatment on the cutter edge;

[0010] Step S 300 : fixing and clamping the PCD cutter after sputtering gold plating on a passivation clamp and placing it in an electric spark passivation device to perform passivation treatment on the PCD cutter edge, and obtaining the modified PCD cutter.

[0011] Preferably, the specific cleaning step of step S 100 :

[0012] Step S 110 : placing the PCD cutter in a water tank and washing it with deionized water;

[0013] Step S 120: the PCD cutter washed by water is cleaned in neutral detergent, then cleaned by ultrasonic wave in pure water for 15 minutes, and then washed by pure water;

[0014] Step S 130 : the PCD cutter is cleaned by ultrasonic wave in isopropyl alcohol for 15 minutes, then cleaned by ultrasonic wave in pure water for 15 minutes, and then washed by pure water;

[0015] Step S 140 : the cleaned PCD cutter is dried by nitrogen.

[0016] Preferably, step S 200 The magnetron sputtering device comprises a gold target arranged at the top end of the box, a permanent magnet arranged at the bottom of the box, and a substrate tray arranged on the permanent magnet, the sputtering clamp with the PCD cutter is eccentrically arranged on the permanent magnet, and an iron target for shielding the magnetic field inside the cathode is arranged between the cathode and the etching target.

[0017] The magnetron sputtering device is started, Ar protective gas is filled, and the glow is started at 5 Pa pressure, then the exhaust valve is adjusted, the pressure is adjusted to 3-4 Pa, the sputtering power is 100 W, the substrate tray is rotated to place the PCD cutter edge below the cathode target, and the PCD cutter edge is deposited and plated with gold to form a gold plating film.

[0018] Preferably, the sputtering clamp comprises a clamp base, one side of the clamp base forms a support slope, the inclination angle of the support slope is 48.5°, and a guide groove is arranged on the clamp base at the side of the support slope along the inclination angle.

[0019] A baffle is slidably connected to the support slope, a lock rod is arranged at one end of the baffle corresponding to the guide groove, a locking button is arranged at the outer end of the lock rod, and pressing the locking button can drive the lock rod to move inward and insert into the guide groove to fix the position of the baffle on the support slope.

[0020] Preferably, step S 200 comprises the step of cleaning the gold target:

[0021] Step L1: polish each profile of the gold target with 1500-mesh sandpaper for 10-30 minutes, and then wipe and clean with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in acetone;

[0022] Step L2: wipe and clean the gold target with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in alcohol to remove residual acetone;

[0023] Step L3: clean the gold target with deionized water, and then place the target in an oven and dry at 100°C for 30 minutes.

[0024] Preferably, step S300 The PCD cutter edge is passivated, positive polarity machining is adopted, the PCD cutter is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power, and the passivation electrode is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power; wherein the pulse current of the electric spark passivation treatment is 1.2-9.5 A, the pulse width is 0.6-56 mu s, the pulse interval is 1 mu s, the duty cycle is T=0.375, the discharge gap is 10, 15, 20 or 25 mu m, and the open circuit voltage is 120 v.

[0025] Preferably, the electric spark passivation device comprises a machine box and an operation table arranged on one side of the machine box, the operation table is provided with a positioning plate, a plurality of guide sliding grooves are arranged on the positioning plate in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate, and a mounting table moving along the guide sliding grooves is arranged on the positioning plate, and one end of the mounting table is provided with a positioning screw, and the mounting table can be fixed on the positioning plate by rotating the positioning screw.

[0026] A passivation main shaft is arranged above the mounting table, and a passivation electrode is arranged at the lower end of the passivation main shaft, and the passivation main shaft can drive the passivation electrode to perform lifting action.

[0027] Preferably, the passivation clamp is fixedly arranged on the mounting table, and the passivation clamp comprises a support base, a support back plate is longitudinally arranged at one end of the support base, a support block and a guide sleeve arranged on the support block are arranged at the end of the support base away from the support back plate, a locking screw is rotatably connected in the guide sleeve, and a driving handle is arranged at the outer end of the locking screw.

[0028] The inner end of the locking screw is fixedly connected with a movable support base arranged opposite to the support back plate, and the movable support base can be driven to move along the support base by rotating the locking screw, so as to adjust the distance between the support back plate and the movable support base.

[0029] Preferably, a first wedge-shaped plate is arranged on the inner side of the support back plate.

[0030] The movable support base comprises a movable plate and a connecting end arranged on the outer side of the movable plate and fixedly connected with the locking screw, a second wedge-shaped plate is arranged on the inner side of the movable plate, and the wedge-shaped surface of the second wedge-shaped plate is arranged opposite to the wedge-shaped surface of the first wedge-shaped plate to form a tool positioning groove for fixing the PCD cutter.

[0031] Preferably, the included angle theta between the tool positioning groove and the horizontal plane is 45°+gamma0 / 2, and gamma0 is the tool clearance angle.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The progressive modification passivation processing method of the PCD tool edge of the application, the PCD tool edge is treated by progressive gold plating modification, the weak conductive PCD tool is treated by magnetic control sputtering for progressive gold plating, the conductive performance of the PCD tool in the passivation process is improved; the electric spark passivation treatment is adopted to improve the processing efficiency of the electric spark passivation PCD tool and realize the controllable removal of the edge material, the superhard tool edge can be effectively processed, the edge strength is enhanced, the material removal rate is improved, and the tool life is prolonged, and the efficient processing of the weak / non-conductive superhard tool is met.

[0034] 2. The magnetic control sputtering device realizes uneven plasma density, resulting in uneven etching and deposition of target atoms, and can meet the requirements of obtaining progressive gold plating thickness of the PCD tool, ensuring the adaptability of the PCD tool edge, and the PCD tool edge after gold plating has high conductivity during processing, improving the processing efficiency of the PCD tool in the electric spark passivation process; the sputtering fixture can meet the convenient adjustment of the processing position of the PCD tool.

[0035] 3. The passivation fixture in the electric spark passivation device is matched with the mounting table through the positioning plate, and the processing position on the operation table can be conveniently adjusted; the passivation fixture can conveniently meet the fixation and clamping of PCD tools of different models, and the service life of the passivation fixture is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a PCD tool edge modification processing flowchart of the application.

[0037] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the magnetic control sputtering device.

[0038] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the sputtering fixture structure.

[0039] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electric spark passivation device structure.

[0040] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the passivation fixture structure.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a PCD tool edge passivation before and after comparison image of the application.

[0042] FIG. 1

[0043] 1. The magnetic control sputtering device; 11, the target material; 12, the iron target; 13, the substrate tray;

[0044] 2. Permanent magnet

[0045] 3. Sputtering fixture; 31. Fixture base; 311. Support ramp; 312. Guide groove; 32. Baffle; 33. Locking button; 34. Locking rod;

[0046] 4. PCD cutting tools;

[0047] 5. Electrical discharge passivation device; 51. Chassis; 511. Operating table; 52. Positioning plate; 521. Guide groove; 53. Mounting platform; 54. Positioning screw; 55. Passivation spindle; 56. Passivation electrode;

[0048] 6. Passivation fixture; 61. Support base; 611. Support back plate; 612. Support block; 613. Guide sleeve; 62. Pad plate; 63. First wedge plate; 64. Second wedge plate; 65. Tool positioning groove; 66. Movable support seat; 661. Movable plate; 662. Connecting end; 67. Locking screw; 68. Drive handle. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-6 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a progressive modification and passivation machining method for the cutting edge of a PCD tool, comprising the following steps:

[0052] Step S 100 The PCD cutting tool is cleaned to remove oil and dirt, resulting in a PCD cutting tool with a clean surface. Specific cleaning steps are as follows:

[0053] Step S 110 Rinse the PCD tool in a water bath with deionized water.

[0054] Step S 120 After washing the PCD tool, place it in a neutral detergent solution for cleaning, then ultrasonically clean it with pure water for 15 minutes, and finally rinse it with pure water.

[0055] Step S 130 The PCD tool was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropanol for 15 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaned with pure water for 15 minutes, and then rinsed with pure water.

[0056] Step S 140The cleaned PCD cutting tool is dried with nitrogen gas.

[0057] Step S 200 The PCD tool is fixed on a sputtering fixture and placed in a magnetron sputtering device, and the tool edge is subjected to progressive sputtering gold plating treatment; such as... Figure 2 As shown, the magnetron sputtering apparatus 1 includes a gold target 11 mounted at the top of the housing, a permanent magnet 2 mounted at the bottom of the housing, and a substrate tray 13 mounted on the permanent magnet 2. A sputtering fixture 3, with a PCD tool mounted on it, is eccentrically placed on the permanent magnet 2. The permanent magnet 2 has a diameter of 30 mm, and there is a 5 mm eccentricity between the permanent magnet and the center of the PCD tool. Utilizing the spatial magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 2, an iron target 12 is placed between the cathode and the etching target to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. The iron target 12 can be used to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. For magnetron sputtering with an external magnetic field, the non-uniformity of the electromagnetic field on the target surface, especially the non-uniform distribution of the magnetic field, results in non-uniform plasma density, leading to non-uniform etching and deposition of target atoms. Therefore, after sputtering, the gold plating thickness on the PCD tool should gradually decrease. By controlling the thickness of the conductive plating layer on the cutting edge, a gradual gold plating thickness is obtained, ensuring the adaptability of the PCD tool cutting edge. The gold-plated PCD tool cutting edge has high conductivity during machining, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the PCD tool in the electrical discharge passivation process.

[0058] The magnetron sputtering process includes a gold target cleaning step to remove any dust or dirt that may be present on the gold target surface.

[0059] Step L1: Polish each surface of the gold target material with 1500 grit sandpaper for 10 minutes, and then wipe it clean with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in acetone.

[0060] Step L2: Wipe the gold target material with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in alcohol to remove residual acetone;

[0061] Step L3: Clean the gold target material with deionized water, and then place the target material in an oven to dry at 100°C for 30 minutes.

[0062] The specific processing steps of the magnetron sputtering are as follows: start the magnetron sputtering device 1, fill it with Ar protective gas, and ignite it at a pressure of 5 Pa. Then adjust the gas extraction valve to reduce the gas pressure to 3 Pa and the sputtering power to 100 W. Rotate the substrate tray 13 to place the PCD tool cutting edge under the cathode target and deposit gold on the PCD tool cutting edge to form a gold film, thus obtaining the coated PCD tool.

[0063] Step S 300: The PCD cutter after gold sputtering plating treatment is fixed and clamped on a passivation clamp and placed in the electric spark passivation device 5 to perform passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter, and a modified PCD cutter is prepared. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the electric spark passivation device 5 includes a cabinet 51 and an operation table 511 arranged on one side of the cabinet 51, and the operation table 511 is provided with a positioning plate 52, a plurality of guide sliding grooves 521 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate 52, and the positioning plate 52 is provided with a mounting table 53 moving along the guide sliding grooves 521, one end of the mounting table 53 is provided with a positioning screw 54, and the mounting table 53 is slidably connected to the guide sliding grooves 521 of the positioning plate 52 through a sliding block (not shown in the figure) at the bottom end of the mounting table 53. The mounting table 53 can be lifted and placed in different guide sliding grooves of the positioning plate 52 relative to the positioning plate 52, and the positioning of the passivation clamp 6 thereon can be realized by moving the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate. The positioning screw 54 can be tightened to fix the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate 52, and the positioning screw 54 can be loosened to conveniently realize the movement of the mounting table. A passivation main shaft 55 is arranged above the mounting table 53, and a passivation electrode 56 is arranged at the lower end of the passivation main shaft 55. The passivation main shaft 55 can drive the passivation electrode 56 to perform lifting action, and the machining alignment of the cutting edge of the PCD cutter and the passivation electrode 56 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53. The passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter is performed by positive polarity machining. The PCD cutter is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power supply, and the passivation electrode is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply. The pulse current of the electric spark passivation treatment is 1.2 A, the pulse width is 0.6 μs, the pulse interval is 1 μs, the duty cycle is T=0.375, the discharge gap is 10 μm, and the open circuit voltage is 120 v. The passivation treatment is performed on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter under the above conditions.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] As shown in the figure, the electric spark passivation device 5 includes a cabinet 51 and an operation table 511 arranged on one side of the cabinet 51, and the operation table 511 is provided with a positioning plate 52, a plurality of guide sliding grooves 521 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate 52, and the positioning plate 52 is provided with a mounting table 53 moving along the guide sliding grooves 521, one end of the mounting table 53 is provided with a positioning screw 54, and the mounting table 53 is slidably connected to the guide sliding grooves 521 of the positioning plate 52 through a sliding block (not shown in the figure) at the bottom end of the mounting table 53. The mounting table 53 can be lifted and placed in different guide sliding grooves of the positioning plate 52 relative to the positioning plate 52, and the positioning of the passivation clamp 6 thereon can be realized by moving the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate. The positioning screw 54 can be tightened to fix the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate 52, and the positioning screw 54 can be loosened to conveniently realize the movement of the mounting table. A passivation main shaft 55 is arranged above the mounting table 53, and a passivation electrode 56 is arranged at the lower end of the passivation main shaft 55. The passivation main shaft 55 can drive the passivation electrode 56 to perform lifting action, and the machining alignment of the cutting edge of the PCD cutter and the passivation electrode 56 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53. Figure 1 The progressive modification passivation machining method of the cutting edge of the PCD cutter includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S 100 : The PCD cutter is cleaned to remove oil stains, and a PCD cutter with a surface free of impurities is obtained; the specific cleaning steps are as follows:

[0067] Step S 110 : The PCD cutter is placed in a water tank and washed with deionized water;

[0068] Step S 120 : The PCD cutter washed with water is placed in a neutral detergent for cleaning, and then cleaned with pure water ultrasonic wave for 15 min, and then washed with pure water;

[0069] Step S 130The PCD tool was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropanol for 15 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaned with pure water for 15 minutes, and then rinsed with pure water.

[0070] Step S 140 The cleaned PCD cutting tool is dried with nitrogen gas.

[0071] Step S 200 The PCD tool is fixed on a sputtering fixture and placed in a magnetron sputtering device, and the tool edge is subjected to progressive sputtering gold plating treatment; such as... Figure 2 As shown, the magnetron sputtering apparatus 1 includes a gold target 11 mounted at the top of the housing, a permanent magnet 2 mounted at the bottom of the housing, and a substrate tray 13 mounted on the permanent magnet 2. A sputtering fixture 3, with a PCD tool mounted on it, is eccentrically placed on the permanent magnet 2. The permanent magnet 2 has a diameter of 30 mm, and there is a 5 mm eccentricity between the permanent magnet and the center of the PCD tool. Utilizing the spatial magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 2, an iron target 12 is placed between the cathode and the etching target to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. The iron target 12 can be used to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. For magnetron sputtering with an external magnetic field, the non-uniformity of the electromagnetic field on the target surface, especially the non-uniform distribution of the magnetic field, results in non-uniform plasma density, leading to non-uniform etching and deposition of target atoms. Therefore, after sputtering, the gold plating thickness on the PCD tool should gradually decrease. By controlling the thickness of the conductive plating layer on the cutting edge, a gradual gold plating thickness is obtained, ensuring the adaptability of the PCD tool cutting edge. The gold-plated PCD tool cutting edge has high conductivity during machining, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the PCD tool in the electrical discharge passivation process.

[0072] The magnetron sputtering process includes a gold target cleaning step to remove any dust or dirt that may be present on the gold target surface.

[0073] Step L1: Polish each surface of the gold target material with 1500 grit sandpaper for 30 minutes, and then wipe it clean with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in acetone.

[0074] Step L2: Wipe the gold target material with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in alcohol to remove residual acetone;

[0075] Step L3: Clean the gold target material with deionized water, and then place the target material in an oven to dry at 100°C for 30 minutes.

[0076] The specific processing steps of the magnetron sputtering are as follows: start the magnetron sputtering device 1, fill it with Ar protective gas, and ignite it at a pressure of 5 Pa. Then adjust the gas extraction valve to reduce the gas pressure to 4 Pa ​​and the sputtering power to 100 W. Rotate the substrate tray 13 to place the PCD tool cutting edge under the cathode target and deposit gold on the PCD tool cutting edge to form a gold coating, thus obtaining the coated PCD tool.

[0077] Step S 300 : The PCD cutter after gold sputtering plating treatment is fixed and clamped on the passivation clamp and placed in the electric spark passivation device 5 to perform passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter, and a modified PCD cutter is prepared. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the electric spark passivation device 5 includes a cabinet 51 and an operation table 511 arranged on one side of the cabinet 51, and the operation table 511 is provided with a positioning plate 52, a plurality of guide sliding grooves 521 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate 52, and the positioning plate 52 is provided with a mounting table 53 moving along the guide sliding grooves 521, one end of the mounting table 53 is provided with a positioning screw 54, and the mounting table 53 is slidably connected in the guide sliding grooves 521 of the positioning plate 52 through a sliding block (not shown in the figure) at the bottom end of the mounting table 53. The mounting table 53 can be lifted relative to the positioning plate 52 and placed in different guide sliding grooves of the positioning plate, and the positioning of the passivation clamp 6 on the mounting table 53 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate. The positioning screw 54 can be tightened to fix the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate 52, and the positioning screw 54 can be loosened to conveniently move the mounting table. A passivation main shaft 55 is arranged above the mounting table 53, and a passivation electrode 56 is arranged at the lower end of the passivation main shaft 55. The passivation main shaft 55 can drive the passivation electrode 56 to perform lifting action, and the machining alignment of the cutting edge of the PCD cutter and the passivation electrode 56 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53. The passivation treatment on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter is performed by positive polarity machining. The PCD cutter is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power supply, and the passivation electrode is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply. The pulse current of the electric spark passivation treatment is 9.5 A, the pulse width is 56 μs, the pulse interval is 1 μs, the duty cycle is T=0.375, the discharge gap is 25 μm, and the open circuit voltage is 120 V. The passivation treatment is performed on the cutting edge of the PCD cutter under the above conditions.

[0078] Example 3:

[0079] As shown in the figure, the PCD cutter edge progressive modification passivation machining method of the present application comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0080] Step S 100 : The PCD cutter is subjected to cleaning treatment to remove oil stains, and a PCD cutter with no impurities on the surface is obtained. The specific cleaning steps are as follows:

[0081] Step S 110 : The PCD cutter is placed in a water tank and washed with deionized water;

[0082] Step S 120 : The PCD cutter after water washing is placed in a neutral detergent for cleaning, and then ultrasonic cleaning is performed with pure water for 15 min, and then pure water washing is performed;

[0083] Step S​130 The PCD tool was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropanol for 15 minutes, then ultrasonically cleaned with pure water for 15 minutes, and then rinsed with pure water.

[0084] Step S 140 The cleaned PCD cutting tool is dried with nitrogen gas.

[0085] Step S 200 The PCD tool is fixed on a sputtering fixture and placed in a magnetron sputtering device, and the tool edge is subjected to progressive sputtering gold plating treatment; such as... Figure 2 As shown, the magnetron sputtering apparatus 1 includes a gold target 11 mounted at the top of the housing, a permanent magnet 2 mounted at the bottom of the housing, and a substrate tray 13 mounted on the permanent magnet 2. A sputtering fixture 3, with a PCD tool mounted on it, is eccentrically placed on the permanent magnet 2. The permanent magnet 2 has a diameter of 30 mm, and there is a 5 mm eccentricity between the permanent magnet and the center of the PCD tool. Utilizing the spatial magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 2, an iron target 12 is placed between the cathode and the etching target to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. The iron target 12 can be used to shield the internal magnetic field of the cathode. For magnetron sputtering with an external magnetic field, the non-uniformity of the electromagnetic field on the target surface, especially the non-uniform distribution of the magnetic field, results in non-uniform plasma density, leading to non-uniform etching and deposition of target atoms. Therefore, after sputtering, the gold plating thickness on the PCD tool should gradually decrease. By controlling the thickness of the conductive plating layer on the cutting edge, a gradual gold plating thickness is obtained, ensuring the adaptability of the PCD tool cutting edge. The gold-plated PCD tool cutting edge has high conductivity during machining, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the PCD tool in the electrical discharge passivation process.

[0086] The magnetron sputtering process includes a gold target cleaning step to remove any dust or dirt that may be present on the gold target surface.

[0087] Step L1: Polish each surface of the gold target material with 1500 grit sandpaper for 20 minutes, and then wipe it clean with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in acetone.

[0088] Step L2: Wipe the gold target material with a lint-free soft cloth soaked in alcohol to remove residual acetone;

[0089] Step L3: Clean the gold target material with deionized water, and then place the target material in an oven to dry at 100°C for 30 minutes.

[0090] The specific processing steps of the magnetron sputtering are as follows: starting the magnetron sputtering device 1, filling Ar protective gas, igniting at 5 Pa pressure, then adjusting the exhaust valve, adjusting the pressure to 3 Pa, sputtering power is 100 W, rotating the substrate tray 13 to place the PCD cutter edge below the cathode target material, depositing gold on the PCD cutter edge to form a gold plating film, and obtaining a plating film PCD cutter.

[0091] Step S 300 : The PCD cutter after gold sputtering plating treatment is fixed and clamped on the passivation clamp and placed in the electric spark passivation device 5, the PCD cutter edge is passivated, and a modified PCD cutter is obtained. As shown in Figure 4 , the electric spark passivation device 5 includes a cabinet 51 and an operating table 511 arranged on one side of the cabinet 51, the operating table 511 is provided with a positioning plate 52, a plurality of guide sliding grooves 521 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate 52, and the positioning plate 52 is provided with a mounting table 53 moving along the guide sliding groove 521, one end of the mounting table 53 is provided with a positioning screw 54, the mounting table 53 is slidably connected to the guide sliding groove 521 of the positioning plate 52 through the sliding block (not shown in the figure) at the bottom end, the mounting table 53 can be lifted and placed in different guide sliding grooves of the positioning plate 52 relative to the positioning plate 52, and the positioning of the passivation clamp 6 on the mounting table 53 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53 on the positioning plate, and the mounting table 53 can be fixed on the positioning plate 52 by tightening the positioning screw 54, and the movement of the mounting table can be conveniently realized by loosening the positioning screw 54. A passivation spindle 55 is arranged above the mounting table 53, a passivation electrode 56 is arranged at the lower end of the passivation spindle 55, the passivation spindle 55 can drive the passivation electrode 56 to move up and down, and the machining alignment of the PCD cutter edge and the passivation electrode 56 can be realized by moving the mounting table 53. The PCD cutter edge is passivated by positive polarity machining, the PCD cutter is connected to the positive pole of the pulse power supply, the passivation electrode is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply, the pulse current of the electric spark passivation treatment is 5.0 A, the pulse width is 32 μs, the pulse interval is 1 μs, the duty cycle is T=0.375, the discharge gap is 20 μm, and the open circuit voltage is 120 v. The PCD cutter edge is passivated under the above conditions.

[0092] Based on the above, the PCD cutter is passivated by the electric spark passivation device 5, and the passivation treatment is completed. Figure 6As shown, the PCD cutter blade edge after passivation is placed under the shape measurement laser microscope, the cutter blade edge is observed using x20 microscope lens, the relative height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the PCD cutter blade edge before and after passivation is measured, and the passivation removal amount of the PCD cutter blade edge is obtained. By comparing the cutter blade edge before and after passivation, it can be seen that the electrical discharge passivation treatment can effectively ensure the removal amount of the PCD cutter blade edge, has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and good process, is a high-efficiency method for burr removal, flattening and polishing of the PCD cutter, and the PCD cutter after passivation shows more stable cutting performance, can shorten or even eliminate the initial wear stage, reduce the probability of collapse and damage of the PCD cutter, prolong the service life of the PCD cutter, and further improve the integrity of the PCD cutter surface.

[0093] Example 4:

[0094] Based on examples 1-3, as shown in Figure 3 The sputtering fixture 3 includes a fixture base 31, one side of the fixture base 31 is formed with a support slope 311, the inclination angle of the support slope 311 is 48.5°, and a guide groove 312 is arranged along the inclination angle of the fixture base 31 on the side of the support slope 311; a baffle plate 32 is slidably connected to the support slope 311, one end of the baffle plate 32 is provided with a locking rod 34 corresponding to the guide groove 312, the outer end of the locking rod 34 is provided with a locking button 33, and pressing the locking button 33 can drive the locking rod 34 to move inward and insert into the guide groove 312 to fix the position of the baffle plate 32 on the support slope 311. When performing gold plating operation, uneven gold plating is obtained according to the different heights of the PCD cutter blade edge, the permanent magnet 2 is placed offset from the center of the cutter, the sputtering fixture 3 and the permanent magnet 2 can be placed opposite to each other, and the PCD cutter 4 is placed with a 5mm offset from the center of the support slope 311; the movable baffle plate 32 can be adjusted in height according to the size of different PCD cutters for convenient cutter placement, the locking button 33 is pressed, the locking rod 34 automatically pops out and is clamped into the guide groove 312, the baffle plate 32 is fixed on the support slope, and the positioning of the PCD cutter 4 is realized.

[0095] Example 5:

[0096] Based on examples 1-3, as shown in Figure 5As shown, the passivation clamp 6 is fixedly arranged on the mounting table 53 and can move along with the mounting table 53 to the machining station. The passivation clamp 6 comprises a support base 61, one end of the support base 61 is longitudinally provided with a support back plate 611, and the end away from the support back plate 611 is provided with a support block 612 and a guide sleeve 613 arranged on the support block 612, the guide sleeve 613 is rotatably connected with a locking screw 67, and the outer end of the locking screw 67 is provided with a driving handle 68; the inner end of the locking screw 67 is fixedly connected with a movable support seat 66 arranged opposite to the support back plate 611, and rotating the locking screw 67 can drive the movable support seat 66 to move along the support base 61 and further adjust the distance between the support back plate 611 and the movable support seat 66. The inner side of the support back plate 611 is provided with a first wedge-shaped plate 63; the movable support seat 66 comprises a movable plate 661 and a connecting end 662 arranged on the outer side of the movable plate 661 and fixedly connected with the locking screw, and the inner side of the movable plate 661 is provided with a second wedge-shaped plate 64, the wedge-shaped surface of the first wedge-shaped plate 63 and the second wedge-shaped plate 64 are arranged opposite to form a tool positioning groove 65 for fixing the PCD tool 4, the inclination angle θ between the tool positioning groove 65 and the horizontal plane is 45°+γ0 / 2, γ0 is the tool clearance angle, and the tool clearance angle is the angle between the tool clearance surface and the cutting plane; the error of the inclination angle is controlled within ±2°, that is, the inclination angle between the tool positioning groove 65 and the horizontal plane is consistent with the inclination of the inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped plate 63 or the second wedge-shaped plate 64. In addition, the first wedge-shaped plate 63 and the support back plate 611, and the second wedge-shaped plate 64 and the movable plate 661 are both provided with a spacer plate 62, and the spacer plate is fixedly connected with the support back plate or the movable plate by screws, so as to avoid direct contact and wear of the PCD tool passivation clamp base; the inclination angle of the first wedge-shaped plate and the second wedge-shaped plate is selected according to the type of the PCD tool, so as to ensure that the cutting edge of the PCD tool is aligned with the passivation electrode 56; when the PCD tool is not installed, the movable plate 661 is in a natural state, and when the PCD tool is installed, the movable plate 661 and the support back plate 611 are in a clamped state. It should be noted that different sizes of clamping positions can be designed according to the needs of different models of PCD tools, and different sizes of tools can also be clamped in the transverse or longitudinal direction.

[0097] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of progressive modified passive processing of a PCD cutter edge, characterised in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S 100 : The PCD cutter is cleaned to remove oil stains and obtain a PCD cutter with a surface free of impurities; Step S 200 : fixing the PCD cutter on a sputtering fixture and placing it in a magnetron sputtering device to perform a progressive sputtering gold plating process on the cutting edge of the cutter; the method further comprises a step of cleaning the gold target material: Step L1: polish each profile of the gold target material with 1500 mesh sandpaper for 10-30 minutes, and then wipe clean with a soft cloth soaked in acetone; Step L2: wipe the gold target material clean to remove residual acetone with a soft cloth soaked in alcohol; Step L3: clean the gold target material with deionized water, and then place the target material in an oven and dry at 100°C for 30 minutes; Step S 300 : the PCD cutter after sputtering gold plating is fixed and clamped on a passivation clamp and placed in an electric spark passivation device (5), the edge of the PCD cutter is passivated, and a modified PCD cutter is prepared; wherein the edge of the PCD cutter is passivated by adopting positive polarity machining, the PCD cutter is connected to the positive pole of a pulse power supply, and the passivation electrode is connected to the negative pole of the pulse power supply; the pulse current of the electric spark passivation treatment is 1.2-9.5 A, the pulse width is 0.6-56 mu s, the pulse interval is 1 mu s, the duty cycle is T=0.375, the discharge gap is 10, 15, 20 or 25 mu m, and the open circuit voltage is 120 v.

2. The method of progressive modification passivation of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 1, wherein, Step S 100 Specific cleaning steps: Step S 110 : The PCD cutter is placed in a sink and flushed with deionized water. Step S 120 : The PCD cutter washed with water is cleaned in neutral detergent, then ultrasonic cleaned with pure water for 15 min, and then washed with pure water. Step S 130 : The PCD cutter is cleaned with isopropyl alcohol for 15 min, then cleaned with pure water for 15 min, and then washed with pure water. Step S 140 : The cleaned PCD tool is dried using nitrogen.

3. The method of progressive modification passive processing of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 1, wherein, Step S 200 The magnetron sputtering device (1) comprises a gold target material (11) arranged at the top end of a box body, a permanent magnet (2) arranged at the bottom of the box body, and a substrate tray (13) arranged on the permanent magnet (2). The sputtering clamp (3) provided with the PCD cutter is eccentrically arranged on the permanent magnet (2), and an iron target (12) for shielding the magnetic field inside the cathode is arranged between the cathode and the etching target. Start the magnetron sputtering device (1), fill Ar protective gas, ignite at 5 Pa pressure, then adjust the exhaust valve, adjust the pressure to 3-4 Pa sputtering pressure, sputtering power is 100 W, rotate the substrate tray (13) to place the PCD cutter edge under the cathode target material, and deposit gold on the PCD cutter edge to form a gold plating film.

4. The method of progressive modification passive tool tip machining of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 3, wherein, The sputtering clamp (3) comprises a clamp base (31), one side of the clamp base (31) forms a support slope (311), the inclination angle of the support slope (311) is 48.5°, and a guide groove (312) is arranged along the inclination angle on one side of the clamp base (31); A baffle (32) is slidably connected to the support slope (311), one end of the baffle (32) is provided with a lock rod (34) corresponding to the guide groove (312), and a locking button (33) is arranged at the outer end of the lock rod (34); pressing the locking button (33) can drive the lock rod (34) to move inward and insert into the guide groove (312) to fix the position of the baffle (32) on the support slope (311).

5. The method of progressive modification passive processing of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 1 wherein, The electric spark passivation device (5) comprises a cabinet (51) and an operation table (511) arranged on one side of the cabinet (51), the operation table (511) is provided with a positioning plate (52), a plurality of guide sliding grooves (521) are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the positioning plate (52), and an installation table (53) is arranged on the positioning plate (52) and moves along the guide sliding groove (521); one end of the installation table (53) is provided with a positioning screw (54), and rotating the positioning screw (54) can fix the installation table (53) on the positioning plate (52); A passivation main shaft (55) is arranged above the installation table (53), a passivation electrode (56) is arranged at the lower end of the passivation main shaft (55), and the passivation main shaft (55) can drive the passivation electrode (56) to move up and down.

6. The method of progressive modification passive processing of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 5, wherein, The passivation clamp (6) is fixedly arranged on the installation table (53), and the passivation clamp (6) comprises a support base (61), one end of the support base (61) is longitudinally provided with a support back plate (611), and the other end away from the support back plate (611) is provided with a support block (612) and a guide sleeve (613) arranged on the support block (612); a locking screw (67) is rotatably connected in the guide sleeve (613), and a driving handle (68) is arranged at the outer end of the locking screw (67). The inner end of the locking screw (67) is fixedly connected with the movable support seat (66) oppositely arranged on the support back plate (611), and rotating the locking screw (67) can drive the movable support seat (66) to move along the support base (61) to adjust the distance between the support back plate (611) and the movable support seat (66).

7. The method of progressive modification passivation of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 6, wherein, The inner side of the support back plate (611) is provided with a first wedge-shaped plate (63). The movable support seat (66) comprises a movable plate (661) and a connecting end (662) arranged outside the movable plate (661) and fixedly connected with the locking screw, and the inner side of the movable plate (661) is provided with a second wedge-shaped plate (64), and the second wedge-shaped plate (64) is oppositely arranged with the wedge-shaped surface of the first wedge-shaped plate (63) to form a tool positioning groove (65) for fixing the PCD tool (4).

8. The method of progressive modification passive tool tip machining of a PCD cutter edge according to claim 7, wherein, The tool positioning groove (65) and the horizontal plane form an inclined angle θ=45°+γ0 / 2, and γ0 is the tool clearance angle.

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