Multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, multi-tube X-ray source and X-ray device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, a multi-tube X-ray source, an X-ray device and a computed tomography device. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing according to the present invention has: a housing with at least one side; a high-voltage supply device; and a cooling device with an electrically insulating cooling medium, wherein the high-voltage supply device has a plurality of high-voltage contacts connected in parallel to a single high-voltage delivery device, wherein a first side of at least one side has a first conductive housing section, and the first conductive housing section has a temperature-dependent conductivity, characterized in that a regulating unit is provided, the regulating unit has an interface for receiving a measured value describing the conductivity of the first conductive housing section, and is configured to compare the measured value with a threshold value, and a switching device is provided, the switching device is used to shut off the high voltage according to the comparison result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, a multi-tube X-ray source, an X-ray device and a computer tomography device. Background Art

[0002] Typical X-ray tubes of X-ray sources can only generate X-rays in a focal spot with a surface in the millimeter range or in the range of a few centimeters. Since in some applications of imaging systems, larger examination areas are to be fluoroscopically viewed with the aid of X-rays, occasionally complex mechanisms are often required in order to move a single X-ray tube or also two single X-ray tubes for fluoroscopically viewing larger examination areas.

[0003] An imaging system with a distributed X-ray source is characterized in particular in that the X-ray source, in particular a plurality of X-ray sources in the X-ray source, is spatially distributed. In such an imaging system, in particular the necessity for mechanical mechanisms for moving the individual X-ray tubes is eliminated. Larger examination areas can then be fluoroscopically viewed in particular by the spatially distributed X-ray sources without the need for moving mechanisms. In particular for an imaging system designed as a computed tomography device, it is important that the focal spots on the anode have a spacing that is as small as possible and as constant as possible. In particular, due to the electrodes or high-voltage contacts that conduct the high voltage in the X-ray tube, a small spacing is technically very demanding.

[0004] EP 3 586 752 A1 discloses a static imaging system with a multi-focus annular X-ray source and an annular photon detector, wherein the X-ray source is composed of a plurality of X-ray tubes arranged in an annular shape, and wherein each X-ray tube generates a wide X-ray beam directed onto the object under examination. It is generally typical for such imaging systems that the X-ray tubes must be insulated from one another by high voltage and each X-ray tube has its own individual high voltage supply.

[0005] US Pat. No. 11,183,357 B2 discloses a multi-X-ray tube having an anode designed as a cooling finger in a vacuum housing, wherein the housing has a plurality of cathode conveyors and not more than two high-voltage bushings, and wherein a liquid cooling medium can flow in the high-voltage bushings. It is particularly typical for such imaging systems that all sides of the vacuum housing are at ground potential and that insulation distances between the anode or cathode and the side faces are to be maintained. This typically results in relatively large spacings between the multi-X-ray tubes and the spacings between the focal spots on the anodes can vary. Another disadvantage is the relatively complex construction, which, in particular in the case of one or more defective cathodes, can require complete replacement of the multi-X-ray tube. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object underlying the present invention is to provide a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, a multi-tube X-ray source, an X-ray device and a computed tomography device in which the X-ray tubes can be arranged in a more evenly distributed manner and can be replaced more easily.

[0007] The object is achieved by the features of the exemplary embodiments. Advantageous embodiments are described in the exemplary embodiments.

[0008] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing according to the present invention has:

[0009] - a housing having at least one side,

[0010] - a high pressure supply, and

[0011] - a cooling device with an electrically insulating cooling medium,

[0012] The high-voltage supply device has a single high-voltage delivery device for conducting high voltage and a plurality of high-voltage contacts connected in parallel to the single high-voltage delivery device in the housing.

[0013] The high-voltage contacts can be respectively coupled to the high-voltage electrodes for providing high voltage, and the high-voltage contacts are at the same high-voltage potential.

[0014] A first side surface of at least one of the side surfaces has a first electrically conductive housing section, the first electrically conductive housing section having a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity,

[0015] wherein an electrically insulating cooling medium is present between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the high-voltage contacts,

[0016] It is characterized in that

[0017] a regulating unit is provided, which has an interface for receiving a measured value representing the electrical conductivity of the first electrically conductive housing section and is designed to compare the measured value with a threshold value, and

[0018] A switch device is provided, which is used to shut off the high voltage according to the comparison result.

[0019] The first electrically conductive housing section causes a current to flow typically via this housing section when a high voltage is applied. This advantageously results in a substantially linear potential profile along the first electrically conductive housing section. In particular, scattered electrons can preferably be conducted away via the first electrically conductive housing section, so that charging can be reduced or prevented. Therefore, a further advantage relates to a reduction in creepage distances and / or a reduction in shielding means for charging in the first electrically conductive housing section.

[0020] The advantage of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is that, compared to conventional housings, at least one side does not need to be formed of a (high) insulating component in order to isolate the high voltage between one of the high-voltage contacts and the housing. Preferably, conventional insulation measures, such as corresponding insulation distances, can be at least partially weakened or completely replaced by at least one side having a first conductive housing section.

[0021] A multi-tube x-ray radiator housing having a first electrically conductive housing section advantageously allows the high-voltage contact to be arranged overall close to the housing and thus also close to other high-voltage contacts of another multi-tube x-ray radiator housing.

[0022] A multi-tube X-ray radiator housing can be referred to as a single-can housing or a one-piece housing. A multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is in particular a housing which is suitable in principle for at least partially accommodating a plurality of X-ray tubes and / or contains high-voltage supply devices for a plurality of X-ray tubes.

[0023] A multi-tube X-ray radiator housing generally does not have components that generate X-rays, such as a plurality of X-ray tubes. In other words, no X-ray tubes or other components that generate X-rays are necessarily coupled to the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, but they can be coupled. In particular, a plurality of X-ray tubes can be coupled to the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing in order to generate X-rays by means of the conducted high voltage, and in particular, the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing cannot generate X-rays without a plurality of X-ray tubes.

[0024] The high-voltage supply device is at least partially arranged in the housing. The high-voltage supply device has a high-voltage generator, which can be arranged in the housing or outside the housing. The high-voltage generator provides a high voltage at the output end, in particular according to the low voltage or grid voltage applied to the input end. The high-voltage generator can include a transformer and / or a rectifier for this purpose. When the high-voltage generator is arranged in the housing, the low voltage or grid voltage can be added to the input end of the high-voltage generator from the outside into the housing via a plug connector integrated into the housing. Alternatively, when the high-voltage generator is arranged outside the housing, the plug connector can be a high-voltage plug connector.

[0025] The high voltage is in particular a DC voltage and / or for example between 20 kV and 200 kV, in particular greater than 40 kV and / or less than 150 kV. The high voltage supply device typically taps the high voltage provided at the output and guides the tapped high voltage in a single high voltage delivery device. The high voltage is in particular used for accelerating electrons in an X-ray tube.

[0026] The single high-voltage transmission device in particular ensures that a plurality of high-voltage contacts conduct the same high voltage. This reduces the complexity of the high-voltage supply device in particular, since the high-voltage contacts connected in parallel are at the same high-voltage potential. The plurality of high-voltage contacts comprises at least two high-voltage contacts, in particular a first high-voltage contact and a second high-voltage contact. The single high-voltage transmission device may comprise a high-voltage cable and / or a circuit board. The single high-voltage transmission device may be electrically insulated, for example by means of a corresponding shielding device of the portion conducting the high voltage.

[0027] The high-voltage contact can be coupled to the high-voltage electrode respectively, which means in particular that there is a conductive connection between the high-voltage contact and the high-voltage electrode only when the high-voltage contact and the high-voltage electrode are coupled to each other. In other words, the conductive connection is generated by the completed coupling. Typically, a high voltage is applied to one of the high-voltage electrodes when the high-voltage electrode is coupled to the corresponding high-voltage contact. If the high-voltage electrode is not coupled to the high-voltage contact, in particular no high voltage is applied to such a high-voltage electrode. The high-voltage contact is usually not completely electrically insulated so that coupling can be achieved. The high-voltage contact is in particular contactable, for example, contactable by the high-voltage electrode.

[0028] The housing has at least one side. The housing forms in particular a container in which a high-voltage supply device and / or a coupleable X-ray tube can be contained. At least one side spatially surrounds, for example, a high-voltage supply device and / or an electrically insulating cooling medium. The housing can typically have a plurality of sides. Parts of the side surfaces can be fixedly connected to each other and / or formed in one piece. It is conceivable that the side surface is fastened to another side surface by means of a hinge and, for example, forms a cover of the housing. Furthermore, in the described case, the term "side surface" particularly and explicitly includes the upper side and / or the lower side of the housing. In other words, regardless of the orientation of the housing, the side surface refers to each side of the housing.

[0029] At least one side surface can have a flat, curved or surface-enlarging housing segment. The surface-enlarging structure comprises, for example, cooling ribs or cooling fins and can act in particular as a particularly suitable cooling device, which has improved cooling properties with respect to a flat housing segment or a curved segment. It is conceivable that the side surface has a plurality of housing segments, which can be formed identically or differently in terms of their material composition and / or surface properties. In principle, the side surface can be formed by an electrically conductive housing segment or surround such an electrically conductive housing segment. The frame can be formed, for example, from an electrically insulating material.

[0030] The second side of the housing can have a second conductive housing section. The second conductive housing section can be configured so that the housing section has the same electrical conductivity as the first conductive housing section. The first conductive housing section and the second conductive housing section are typically arranged on opposite sides of the housing. The remaining sides of the housing can be configured in an electrically insulating manner in particular. The X-ray exit window is usually integrated into the side of the housing.

[0031] The first electrically conductive housing section has a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity which is in particular dependent on the material or material composition of the housing section and is generally temperature-dependent. In general, materials can be differentiated according to their respective electrical conductivity and roughly divided into the following categories: insulators (non-conductors), semiconductors, conductors or superconductors. The transition between the categories is typically smooth. In particular, the material and / or material composition of the first electrically conductive housing section can be insulating at a first temperature, "not very" electrically conductive at a higher temperature, and "normally" electrically conductive at a yet higher temperature.

[0032] The first electrically conductive housing section is designed to be in particular not perfectly insulating or weakly electrically conductive at operating temperature. The material or material composition of the housing section can be determined according to https: / / de.wikipedia.org / wiki / Elektrische_ The definition in is associated with the class insulator or non-conductor, but preferably in particular belongs to one of the classes semiconductor, conductor or superconductor. The first electrically conductive housing section can typically be designed so that, at the lower temperature threshold, the electrical conductivity is at least 10 -8 S / m, and / or in the case of an upper temperature threshold, a conductivity of at most 10 -4 S / m. According to Wikipedia, the first conductive housing section is not a so-called good insulator. In particular, a current flow along the first conductive housing section should be intentionally allowed, preferably starting from a minimum amplitude and / or up to a maximum amplitude. The charge derived via the first conductive housing section is derived in particular to a ground terminal and / or a protective conductor. The first conductive housing section typically acts as a capacitor and / or transports the charge through the first conductive housing section or at its surface, for example, toward the cathode or toward a cathode part that is at a short distance from the housing section. The current, i.e., the charge, flows, for example, through an electrically insulating cooling medium and / or toward the second conductive housing section.

[0033] The lower temperature threshold is, for example, at least -50°C, preferably greater than 0°C. The upper temperature threshold is, in particular, at most 500°C, preferably less than 100°C. The operating temperature is, in particular, between the lower temperature threshold and the upper temperature threshold. According to the description in Wikipedia, the operating temperature can correspond in particular to room temperature or to a temperature window from 5°C as the lower temperature threshold to 25°C as the upper temperature threshold, preferably from 20°C to 25°C. The material or material composition has, in particular, a higher breakdown voltage than the high voltage.

[0034] The cooling device has an electrically insulating cooling medium. The electrically insulating cooling medium is in particular not a vacuum. The electrically insulating cooling medium is in particular a fluid, in particular a liquid and / or a gas. The electrically insulating cooling medium is preferably arranged in the housing, and in addition or alternatively, the electrically insulating cooling medium can in principle flow around the housing. The housing can in particular be designed to be fluid-tight.

[0035] The presence of an electrically insulating cooling medium between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the high-voltage contacts means in particular that the housing comprises such a quantity of cooling medium that the cooling medium at least covers the direct line-of-sight connection between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the high-voltage contacts. For this purpose, the high-voltage contacts and the first electrically conductive housing section can also be positioned correspondingly in the housing. Advantageously, the spacing between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the high-voltage contacts is smaller than the insulating section along the electrically insulating cooling medium. In other words, the insulating properties of the cooling medium and / or the amount and / or volume of the cooling medium between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the high-voltage contacts are so small that the insulation and / or the breakdown strength during the operation of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is ensured. The insulation relative to the high voltage is advantageously at least partially assumed by a linear potential change process along the first electrically conductive housing section, so that the operation of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is regulatory permitted.

[0036] In principle, the housing can be completely filled with a cooling medium. In this case, the multi-tube x-ray radiator housing typically has an expansion compensation vessel and / or a pressure valve in the housing.

[0037] The housing of the multi-tube X-ray radiator has in particular a regulating unit and a switching device. The regulating unit can receive and in particular process the measured values. The processing includes, for example, comparing the measured values ​​with a threshold value. The processing of the measured values, in particular the comparison, can be performed according to a program code mechanism. The regulating unit can have a computing module or a logic module for executing the program code mechanism, and / or a storage unit for storing and / or providing the threshold value. When comparing the measured value with the threshold value, in particular the comparison result is calculated or determined. The regulating unit can usually receive the time-resolved measured values ​​and / or compare them with the threshold value periodically and / or repeatedly. The threshold value is usually constant. In principle, it is conceivable that the threshold value is not constant, but can be changed, in particular according to the future planned operating time and / or operating parameters of the housing of the multi-tube X-ray radiator.

[0038] The operation of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is typically associated with compliance with predefined and / or regulatory standards of the manufacturer and / or legislator of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing. Such standards and / or predefined standards relate in particular to the safe operation of the X-ray radiator housing in order to minimize the risk to the user of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing and / or to the patient. In this regard, known standards are usually applied in particular to insulate components that carry high voltages. Therefore, this aspect relates in particular to the features according to the invention, according to which the first housing section is designed to be electrically conductive. As described above, the electrical conductivity of the first housing section is in particular related to its temperature, which can increase during operation depending on operating parameters.

[0039] The comparison result indicates in particular to what extent the operation of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing can continue or whether it should be shut down. It is conceivable that the comparison result indicates that the shutdown is maintained. In addition, the comparison result can typically indicate that the high voltage is switched on. In this case, the switching device is designed to switch the high voltage on as a function of the comparison result. The comparison result is in particular binary and / or generally variable in time.

[0040] The switch device can be connected to the high-voltage supply device for switching off and / or switching on the high voltage. Alternatively or additionally, the switch device can include one or more switches, which interrupt the conduction of the high voltage in the individual high-voltage delivery devices after switching off the high voltage, and / or which can enable the conduction of the high voltage in the individual high-voltage delivery devices after switching on the high voltage. Another alternative relates to the feasibility of switching off the high-voltage generator when switching off and / or switching on the high-voltage generator when switching on.

[0041] One embodiment proposes that the cooling device has a cooling device, which is configured to adjust the temperature of the first conductive housing section to above the lower temperature threshold and / or below the upper temperature threshold. By adjusting the temperature of the first conductive housing section, the temperature-dependent conductivity is particularly adjusted. Adjusting the temperature-dependent conductivity particularly includes stabilizing and / or limiting and / or establishing the current falling on the first conductive housing section. Adjusting the temperature of the first conductive housing section can advantageously achieve that a substantially linear potential change process along the first conductive housing section is maintained during the operation of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing. The cooling device can be designed actively or passively. An example of a passive design solution is, for example, a corresponding size or shape of the surface, especially the side of the housing. The shape of the surface can include a structure that increases the surface. An example of an active design solution is that the cooling device has a fluid cooling medium heat exchanger and / or can cause forced convection. In the case, adjusting the temperature of the cooling medium particularly includes setting, preferably increasing and / or reducing, the temperature of the cooling medium. The active cooling device sets the temperature of the cooling medium in particular such that the temperature at the first electrically conductive housing section is above a lower temperature threshold and / or below an upper temperature threshold. The lower temperature threshold and the upper temperature threshold form in particular a temperature interval in which the operating temperature of the first electrically conductive housing section preferably lies. The upper temperature threshold and / or the lower temperature threshold can in particular be stored in a storage unit. The cooling device can preferably access the stored upper temperature threshold and / or lower temperature threshold by means of an interface.

[0042] One embodiment provides that the cooling device is designed to control the temperature of a cooling medium which is located inside and / or outside the housing and interacts directly with the first electrically conductive housing section. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because the temperature control is carried out close to or directly at the first electrically conductive housing section, so that the temperature control is preferably carried out faster and / or more precisely.

[0043] One embodiment provides that the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature value representing the electrical conductivity of the first electrically conductive housing section as a measured value. The cooling device is particularly designed to control the temperature of the cooling medium according to the temperature value. The embodiment can particularly realize direct control of the temperature of the cooling medium.

[0044] One embodiment proposes that the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing also has a current sensor for measuring the current value flowing through the first conductive housing section as a measured value. The measurement can be performed in particular by measuring the current between the cathode and the anode and / or the current between the anode and the ground and / or the current between the cathode and the ground, the current usually depicting the sum via all current paths. Preferably, the current value can be derived or determined therefrom. The cooling device is particularly configured to control the temperature of the cooling medium according to the current value. The current value particularly represents the current flowing through the first conductive housing section. In the embodiment, the upper temperature threshold and / or the lower temperature threshold can be associated with or substantially correspond to the upper current threshold or the lower current threshold. The association of the thresholds can be performed in a correlation table, which is stored in a storage unit, for example.

[0045] One embodiment proposes that the first conductive housing section has flint glass, high-temperature ceramic (Proceram), silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, silicon and / or doped materials. In principle, it is conceivable that the first conductive housing section has only one of the above-mentioned conductive materials or a combination of the above-mentioned conductive materials in the material composition. The material composition may include different layers with one or more of the above-mentioned conductive materials. It is conceivable that one of the layers is configured as a carrier layer, and / or another layer is configured as a coating. The coating may in particular include one of the above-mentioned conductive materials. The material composition may in principle include other materials, typically including, for example, insulating materials such as glass, plastic, etc. used as a carrier layer. As an alternative to the layer structure, the material composition may exist in a mixed form, for example, in a mixed form consisting of a solidified powder.

[0046] One embodiment proposes that the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing has a first bushing for accommodating a first high-voltage contact, wherein the first bushing has a fastening mechanism, in particular a clamping mechanism, a screwing mechanism and / or a plug-in mechanism, for the detachable coupling of the first high-voltage electrode and the first high-voltage contact. The embodiment can advantageously achieve a simple replacement of the first high-voltage electrode or a component containing the first high-voltage electrode, such as an X-ray tube. The detachable coupling particularly includes coupling and / or decoupling. In principle, it is conceivable that a second bushing or other bushings that can be designed in a substantially identical manner are additionally provided in the housing. It is also conceivable that, for each high-voltage contact, each high-voltage electrode can be detachably coupled to each individualized bushing.

[0047] One embodiment proposes that an insulating sleeve is provided in the first bushing to electrically insulate the coupleable high-voltage electrode from the first bushing. In this embodiment, the electrical contact between the first high-voltage electrode and the first high-voltage contact is particularly improved. In principle, all bushings can be constructed in this way.

[0048] One embodiment provides that the first bushing is made of a material with a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity. In this embodiment, the high-voltage insulation between the first high-voltage electrode and the first high-voltage contact can be simplified in particular, since a linear potential change is advantageously formed along the first bushing, which shares the advantages described in conjunction with the first conductive housing section. Thus, the first bushing can be constructed from the same material and / or the same material composition as the first conductive housing section. In principle, all bushings can be constructed in this way.

[0049] One embodiment provides that a sealing device for sealing the housing is provided between the first bushing and the housing. In this embodiment, the bushing is in particular part of the housing and is integrated into a side surface of the housing. In principle, it is conceivable that the bushing is integrated into a first side surface of at least one side surface together with the first electrically conductive housing section. Integration means in particular that the housing has a recess that allows the first bushing to be fastened to the housing and to be passed through the housing by means of the first bushing. The seal prevents in particular leakage of the cooling medium through the technically caused gap between the first bushing and the housing. In principle, an individual sealing device can be provided for each bushing of this type for sealing the housing.

[0050] The multi-tube X-ray source according to the present invention has:

[0051] - at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, and

[0052] - Multiple X-ray tubes,

[0053] Each X-ray tube comprises a vacuum housing having a cathode and an anode for generating X-rays, wherein an acceleration section for emitted electrons is provided between the cathode and the anode, and

[0054] In this case, the anode or cathode forms the high-voltage electrode and is respectively coupled to a high-voltage contact.

[0055] The multi-tube X-ray source according to the invention has at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, thereby sharing the advantages and designs of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing described above.

[0056] The multi-tube X-ray source can advantageously consist of a plurality of multi-tube X-ray emitter housings, into which the X-ray tubes are placed. The distance between the respective multi-tube X-ray emitter housings can advantageously be minimized or zero, since the insulation of the respective multi-tube X-ray emitter housings from the high voltage can be achieved by the first electrically conductive housing section, in particular when at least one individual housing section of one of the multi-tube X-ray emitter housings is spatially arranged between adjacent multi-tube X-ray emitter housings. Advantageously, the respective electrically conductive housing sections are arranged side by side. Therefore, the multi-tube X-ray source according to the invention can advantageously be configured such that the distance between at least two X-ray tubes used in different adjacent multi-tube X-ray emitter housings is the same as the distance between adjacent X-ray tubes in one multi-tube X-ray emitter housing. In other words, the spacing between adjacent X-ray tubes and thus typically the focal spots on the anode are equidistant, regardless of whether the adjacent X-ray tubes are used in the same multi-tube X-ray radiator housing or in different multi-tube X-ray radiator housings.

[0057] The vacuum housing of one of the X-ray tubes can be at least partially surrounded by an electrically insulating cooling medium. An electrically insulating cooling medium can be present between a section of the vacuum housing and the first electrically conductive housing section. The first electrically conductive housing section is preferably arranged substantially parallel to the closest acceleration section or sections. In other words, the X-ray tube closest to the first electrically conductive housing section is typically oriented parallel or substantially parallel to the housing section or at an acute angle to the housing section. In this case, the first electrically conductive housing section preferably has an extension parallel to the acceleration section, which extension corresponds at least to the length of the closest acceleration section.

[0058] In principle, a plurality of X-ray tubes can be oriented in parallel or in a fan-shaped manner. The orientation relates in particular to the central beam of the respectively generated X-rays. In other words, the vacuum housing can in principle be oriented parallel to the acceleration sections of the plurality of X-ray tubes and at the same time, when emitting X-rays perpendicular to the acceleration sections, the X-rays are oriented in a fan-shaped manner by twisting the individual X-ray tubes.

[0059] Typically, each X-ray tube is designed to be used for an imaging examination of a patient individually. Alternatively, the X-ray tube can be provided for material examination. The imaging examination can be, in particular, an angiography, a computed tomography scan, a mammography or a radiography.

[0060] The emitted X-rays are typically directed onto an examination region, where, for example, a patient or material is located. The X-rays of a single X-ray tube usually cover a portion of the examination region, which portion of the examination region can be up to 100%, inclusive. Alternatively, a single X-ray tube does not cover 100%, in particular less than 100%, of the examination region. Preferably, the X-rays of all or at least some of the X-ray tubes of the X-ray tubes cover the examination region to 100%, i.e. completely cover the examination region.

[0061] The plurality of X-ray tubes can typically be controlled such that the plurality of X-ray tubes can emit X-rays simultaneously or successively. The order of the X-ray emission can include that two adjacent X-ray tubes simultaneously emit X-rays during a transition time that is shorter than the time of the X-ray emission of each X-ray tube. The method of controlling the plurality of X-ray tubes can in particular enable imaging examinations, for example imaging examinations including two-dimensional perspective reconstruction, tomosynthesis reconstruction or projection-based three-dimensional volume reconstruction.

[0062] A plurality of X-ray tubes are advantageously of identical construction. Due to the higher number of pieces, price advantages can typically result. In addition, the structural homogeneity allows fewer different components to be installed in a housing of a multi-tube X-ray radiator, which can simplify maintenance in particular. Alternatively, an X-ray tube can in principle differ from another X-ray tube, in particular in the design of the anode and / or cathode.

[0063] Possible embodiments of the X-ray tube are described below, which can in principle be applied to other X-ray tubes:

[0064] The cathode typically comprises an electron emitter. The electron emitter is configured to generate a focal spot on the anode by means of electrons. The electron emitter may be a field effect emitter or a thermionic emitter. The thermionic emitter may be a spiral emitter or a planar emitter.

[0065] Electron emission in a field effect emitter is typically obtained by applying a gate voltage, which extracts electrons from the nanotubes by means of an electric field occurring in the tips of the nanotubes, thereby forming an electron flow. In addition to switching by means of a gate voltage, the generated electron flow can be turned off by means of a turn-off grid. A field effect emitter typically has a plurality of nanotubes, for example composed of carbon or silicon or molybdenum.

[0066] The emitted electrons are accelerated from the electron emitter toward the anode along the acceleration section and generate X-ray radiation in the focal spot in the case of interaction. The generated X-ray radiation usually has a maximum energy of up to 150 keV, depending on the acceleration voltage applied between the electron emitter and the anode. In a monopolar X-ray tube, the acceleration voltage typically corresponds to a high voltage, and in a bipolar X-ray tube, the acceleration voltage usually corresponds to twice the magnitude of the high voltage.

[0067] The anode can be designed as a rotating anode or a fixed anode. For the present invention, a fixed anode is preferred, which typically includes a smaller housing and a more cost-effective construction. The possible lower X-ray dose of a fixed anode compared to a rotating anode can be compensated, for example, by increasing the number of anodes.

[0068] One embodiment provides that a plurality of X-ray tubes are completely arranged in the housing. In this case, the housing typically has an X-ray exit window, which is typically arranged close to the anode of the corresponding X-ray tube. The X-ray exit window can be divided into a plurality of sub-windows.

[0069] An alternative embodiment to the previous one provides that at least one of the X-ray tubes protrudes from the housing so that the X-rays generated at the anode propagate away from the housing. The propagation of the generated X-rays away from the housing means in particular that the X-rays can be generated outside the housing without attenuation at the side of the housing. The X-rays, at least their central rays, can be oriented in particular parallel or perpendicularly or at an angle between 0° and 90° to the housing surface. Particularly advantageously, all X-ray tubes protrude from the housing so that the X-rays generated at the anode propagate away from the housing.

[0070] In this embodiment, the X-ray tube can be replaced relatively easily, in particular when the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing has a first bushing for accommodating the first high-voltage contact, wherein the first bushing has a clamping mechanism, a screwing mechanism and / or a plug-in mechanism for detachably coupling the first high-voltage electrode to the first high-voltage contact. In this case, the coupled X-ray tube can be detached, for example for maintenance and / or replacement.

[0071] One embodiment provides that the distance between the first electrically conductive housing section and one of the X-ray tubes is smaller than an insulating section along the electrically insulating cooling medium between the first electrically conductive housing section and the X-ray tube. This embodiment is particularly possible in that a linear potential profile is formed due to the first electrically conductive housing section, thereby ensuring safe operation of the X-ray tube.

[0072] The X-ray device according to the present invention has:

[0073] -Multiple X-ray sources, and

[0074] -X-ray detectors.

[0075] The X-ray device according to the present invention has at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, thereby sharing the above-mentioned advantages and designs of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing.

[0076] The X-ray detector is designed to detect X-ray radiation propagating through the examination region. During the detection, in particular the attenuation profile is detected. For example, the detected X-ray radiation can be used in a reconstruction computer in accordance with the imaging examination in order to reconstruct a 2D image or a 3D image. In principle, a sequence of images can also be reconstructed in time.

[0077] The computer tomography apparatus according to the present invention comprises:

[0078] A plurality of X-ray devices, wherein the housing of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is designed in the shape of a circular arc, wherein the circular arc-shaped housing covers at least 180°, and wherein the spacings between adjacent X-ray tubes are equidistant.

[0079] The computed tomography device according to the present invention has at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing, thereby sharing the above-mentioned advantages and designs of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing.

[0080] In other words, a plurality of X-ray devices are connected to each other or contacted via the first conductive housing section, in particular. In the arc-shaped design, the surface normals of the first conductive housing section are oriented substantially tangentially. Advantageously, a plurality of X-ray tubes, in particular their X-rays, are oriented in a fan shape.

[0081] Features, advantages or alternative embodiments mentioned when describing the device can also be transferred to the method, and vice versa. In other words, the claims directed to the method can be improved with the help of the features of the device. The device according to the invention can be used in particular in the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] The invention is described and explained in detail below based on the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. In principle, in the following description of the drawings, structures and elements that remain essentially the same are named with the same reference numerals as when the corresponding structure or element first appears.

[0083] The accompanying drawings show:

[0084] Figure 1 The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is shown.

[0085] Figure 2 A first embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is shown.

[0086] Figure 3 A second embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is shown.

[0087] Figure 4 A third embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is shown.

[0088] Figure 5 and Figure 6A fourth embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing is shown.

[0089] Figure 7 shows a multi-tube X-ray source,

[0090] Figure 8 Another embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray source is shown, and

[0091] Fig. 9 An X-ray device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] Figure 1 A perspective view of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 is shown.

[0093] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 has a housing 11, which has at least one side surface 11.1, ..., 11.N. In the housing 11, the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 has a high-voltage supply device 12 and a cooling device with an electrically insulating cooling medium 13, wherein the high-voltage supply device 12 and the cooling device are connected to each other. Figure 1 The middle portion is covered by the side surfaces 11.1, ..., 11.N.

[0094] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the housing 11 is curved in a circular arc as an elongated rod. Therefore, the surface normals of the first electrically conductive housing section 17 are oriented substantially tangentially. Alternatively, the housing 11 can be designed to be uncurved, in particular straight.

[0095] The high-voltage supply device 12 has a single high-voltage delivery device 14 for conducting high voltage and a plurality of high-voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N connected in parallel to the single high-voltage delivery device 14 in the housing 11. The high-voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N can be coupled to high-voltage electrodes 16.1, ..., 16.N respectively for providing high voltage, and are at the same high-voltage potential.

[0096] A first side surface of at least one side surface 11.1, ..., 11.N has a first electrically conductive housing section 17, which has a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in the figure, the side denoted by 11.1 is designed in this way. Another preferred side is the side denoted by 11.2. For example, the side or both sides 11.1, 11.2 can have a first conductive housing section 17 or a second conductive housing section. Of course, the other sides 11.3, 11.4 or the side facing away 11.N can also have a conductive housing section. An electrically insulating cooling medium 13 is present between the first conductive housing section 17 and one of the high-voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N. In the case of the lower temperature threshold, the electrical conductivity is preferably at least 10-8 S / m, and / or in the case of an upper temperature threshold, a conductivity of at most 10 -4 S / m. The first electrically conductive housing section 17 comprises, in particular, flint glass, high-temperature ceramics, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, silicon and / or a doped material.

[0097] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 also has Figure 1 The control unit 18 and the switching device 20 are not shown in the figure. The control unit 18 has an interface 19 for receiving a measured value representing the conductivity of the first conductive housing section 17 and is designed to compare the measured value with a threshold value. The switching device 20 is designed to switch off the high voltage according to the comparison result.

[0098] exist Figure 1 In the figure, an optional X-ray exit window 21 is indicated in the side surface 11.3, and the X-ray exit window 21 can be arranged in the side surface or another side surface of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 according to the design.

[0099] Figure 2 A first exemplary embodiment of a multi-tube x-ray radiator housing 10 is shown in a cross section along the longitudinal axis.

[0100] Advantageously, the cooling device has a cooling device 24, which is designed to adjust the temperature of the first electrically conductive housing section 17 to above a lower temperature threshold and / or below an upper temperature threshold. In the exemplary embodiment, the cooling device 24 is exemplarily implemented actively. The cooling device 24 is shown to actively cool the first electrically conductive housing section 17 by means of forced convection of ambient air outside the housing 11. The cooling device 24 is therefore designed to adjust the temperature of a cooling medium that is outside the housing 11 and interacts directly with the first electrically conductive housing section 17. In an alternative embodiment that is not shown, the cooling device 24 can cool the cooling medium 13 that is inside the housing 11.

[0101] The housing 11 is Figure 2 In the case of an arc-shaped design, the surface normal of the first electrically conductive housing section 17 is oriented substantially tangentially to the center point of the arc.

[0102] The high voltage supply device 12 has a high voltage generator 22 arranged outside the housing 11. The high voltage generator 22 is connected to the high voltage delivery device 14 via a cable. The high voltage generator 22 includes a switch device 20 for shutting off the high voltage. The regulating unit 18 is connected to the switch device 20 for transmitting a comparison result or a shutoff signal. In the embodiment, the connection is wired, and alternatively can be performed wirelessly.

[0103] The housing 11 includes a plurality of high voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N. Figure 2The number shown in is purely for illustration purposes. The number is at least 2. The high-voltage transmission device 14 transmits the high voltage to the high-voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N by means of a current connection, for example a wired connection, or by means of printed conductors connected in parallel. For reasons of overview, Figure 2 Only a portion of the connection is shown.

[0104] The side surface 11 . 1 has a first electrically conductive housing section 17 . The housing 11 comprises an expansion compensation container 23 . The housing 11 also comprises a regulating unit 18 , which can alternatively also be arranged outside the housing 11 . The regulating unit 18 comprises an interface 19 .

[0105] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 further comprises a temperature sensor 25 for measuring a temperature value representing the electrical conductivity of the first conductive housing section 17 as a measured value and a current sensor 26 for measuring a current value flowing through the first conductive housing section 17 as a measured value. The temperature sensor 25 is arranged in the housing close to the first conductive housing section 17. In principle, it is possible to provide a temperature sensor 25 and / or a current sensor 26.

[0106] Figure 3 A second exemplary embodiment of a multi-tube x-ray radiator housing 10 is shown in a cross section along the longitudinal axis.

[0107] with Figure 2 Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the high-voltage generator 22 is arranged in the housing 11 . The cooling medium 13 can be used in particular to cool the high-voltage generator 22 .

[0108] Figure 4 A third exemplary embodiment of a multi-tube x-ray radiator housing 10 is shown in a cross section along the longitudinal axis.

[0109] exist Figure 4 The embodiment shown in substantially corresponds to Figure 3 The spacings between the high-voltage contacts 15.1, ..., 15.N are essentially different in order to improve the coupling and decoupling capabilities of the not-shown X-ray tube.

[0110] Figure 5 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Figure 4 A fourth embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 is shown in the cross section along line BB shown in FIG.

[0111] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 has a first bushing 27 for accommodating the first high-voltage contact 15.1. The first bushing 27 is a recess in the housing 11. The housing 11 has a U-shaped cross section, wherein the first bushing 27 is surrounded by two legs. The first high-voltage contact 15.1 is arranged at the bottom surface of the first bushing 27.

[0112] The first bushing 27 has a fastening mechanism 28, in particular a clamping mechanism, a screwing mechanism and / or a plug-in mechanism, for detachably coupling the first high-voltage electrode 16.1 to the first high-voltage contact 15.1. Figure 5 , an X-ray tube is shown, which typically has a cathode and an anode. In the exemplary embodiment, the cathode forms the high-voltage electrode 16.1. The distance between the first high-voltage contact 15.1 and the first high-voltage electrode 16.1 is purely for illustration purposes. The fastening means 28 is designed as a clamping means, in particular as a tensioning spring.

[0113] Figure 6 A fourth exemplary embodiment of a multi-tube x-ray radiator housing 10 is shown in an enlarged view.

[0114] An insulating sleeve 29 is arranged in the first bushing 27 to electrically insulate the coupleable high-voltage electrode 15.1 from the first bushing 27. The first bushing 27 is made of a material with a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity. The high-voltage electrode of the X-ray tube that is not at high voltage, the anode, is preferably at ground potential.

[0115] Figure 7 The multi-tube X-ray source 30 is shown in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0116] The multi-tube X-ray source 30 has at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 and a plurality of X-ray tubes 31.1, ..., 31.N. Each X-ray tube 31.1, ..., 31.N comprises a vacuum housing with a cathode and an anode for generating X-rays. An acceleration section for emitted electrons is provided between the cathode and the anode. The cathode, alternatively but not shown, forms a high-voltage electrode 16.1, ..., 16.N and is coupled to a high-voltage contact 15.1, ..., 15.N, respectively. Figure 7 3 shows an X-ray tube 31 . 1 by way of example in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The remaining X-ray tubes can be designed in the same way.

[0117] exist Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the X-ray tube 31.1 is arranged in the housing 11. A collimator 32 is arranged between the anode and the X-ray exit window 21. The emitted X-rays leave the housing 11 through the X-ray exit window 21.

[0118] Figure 8 Another embodiment of a multi-tube X-ray source 30 is shown.

[0119] At least one of the X-ray tubes 31.N extends from the housing 11 so that the X-rays generated at the anode propagate away from the housing 11. In other words, the anode of the X-ray tube 31.N is arranged outside the housing 11. In principle, all X-ray tubes 31.1, ..., 31.N can be arranged outside the housing.

[0120] The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 has a first bushing 27 for accommodating a high-voltage contact 15.N for detachably coupling an X-ray tube 31.N. A seal 33 is provided between the first bushing 27 and the housing 11 for sealing the housing 11. The seal 33 can be designed in an annular or polygonal shape, in particular.

[0121] Fig. 9 The X-ray device 40 is shown in a front view.

[0122] The X-ray device 40 has a multi-tube X-ray source 30 and an X-ray detector 41. Fig. 9 , a computer tomography device with a plurality of X-ray devices 40 is shown. The housing 11 of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing 10 is designed in the shape of a circular arc. The circular arc-shaped housing 11 covers at least 180°. In principle, it is conceivable to use so many X-ray devices 40 and / or a longer circular arc-shaped housing 11 that the circular arc-shaped housing 11 covers 360°.

[0123] exist Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the X-ray detector 41 covers 180° and is respectively arranged opposite to the plurality of X-ray tubes 31.1, ..., 31.N. The X-ray detector 41 may be composed of a plurality of single detectors or form associated X-ray detectors.

[0124] The spacing between adjacent X-ray tubes 31.1, ..., 31.N is equidistant. The spacing between the first conductive housing section 17 and one of the X-ray tubes 31.1, ..., 31.N is smaller than the insulating section along the electrically insulating cooling medium 13 between the first conductive housing section and the X-ray tube.

[0125] Although the details of the present invention have been illustrated and described in detail through preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed examples, and those skilled in the art can derive other variations therefrom without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10), the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) comprising: - a housing (11) having at least one side (11.1, ..., 11.N), - a high pressure supply device (12), and - a cooling device with an electrically insulating cooling medium (13), The high-voltage supply device (12) has a single high-voltage delivery device (14) for conducting high voltage and a plurality of high-voltage contacts (15.1, ..., 15.N) connected in parallel to the single high-voltage delivery device (14) in the housing (11). wherein the high-voltage contacts (15.1, ..., 15.N) can be coupled to high-voltage electrodes (16.1, ..., 16.N) respectively for providing the high voltage, and the high-voltage contacts (15.1, ..., 15.N) are at the same high-voltage potential, wherein a first side surface of the at least one side surface (11.1, . . . , 11.N) has a first electrically conductive housing section (17), wherein the first electrically conductive housing section (17) has a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity, wherein an electrically insulating cooling medium (13) is between the first electrically conductive housing section (17) and one of the high-voltage contacts (15.1, . . . , 15.N), It is characterized in that A regulating unit (18) is provided, which has an interface (19) for receiving a measured value representing the electrical conductivity of the first electrically conductive housing section (17) and is designed to compare the measured value with a threshold value, and A switch device (20) is provided, and the switch device (20) is used to shut off the high voltage according to the comparison result.

2. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 1, The cooling device comprises a cooling device (24) which is designed to control the temperature of the first electrically conductive housing section (17) to be above a lower temperature threshold value and / or below an upper temperature threshold value.

3. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 2, The cooling device (24) is designed to control the temperature of a cooling medium (13) which is located inside and / or outside the housing and which interacts directly with the first electrically conductive housing section (17).

4. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) further comprises a temperature sensor (25) for measuring a temperature value representing the electrical conductivity of the first conductive housing section (17) as a measured value and / or a current sensor (26) for measuring a current value flowing through the first conductive housing section (17) as a measured value.

5. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Wherein at the lower temperature threshold, the conductivity is at least 10 -8 S / m, and / or in the case of an upper temperature threshold, the conductivity is at most 10 -4 S / m.

6. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The first electrically conductive housing section (17) comprises flint glass, high temperature resistant ceramics, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, zirconium oxide, silicon and / or doped materials.

7. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) has a first sleeve (27) for accommodating a first high-voltage contact (15.1, ..., 15.N), and the first sleeve (27) has a fastening mechanism (28), a screwing mechanism and / or a plug-in mechanism for detachably coupling a first high-voltage electrode (16.1, ..., 16.N) to the first high-voltage contact (15.1, ..., 15.N).

8. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 7, An insulating sleeve (29) is arranged in the first bushing (27) for electrically insulating the coupleable high-voltage electrode (16.1, . . . , 16.N) from the first bushing (27).

9. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 7, The first bushing (27) is made of a material having a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity.

10. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 7, A sealing device (33) for sealing the housing (11) is provided between the first bushing (27) and the housing (11).

11. The multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to claim 7, wherein the fastening mechanism (28) is a clamping mechanism.

12. A multi-tube X-ray source (30), the multi-tube X-ray source (30) comprising: - at least one multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and - a plurality of X-ray tubes (31.1, ..., 31.N), Each X-ray tube (31.1, ..., 31.N) comprises a vacuum housing with a cathode and an anode for generating X-rays, wherein an acceleration section for emitted electrons is arranged between the cathode and the anode, and The anode or the cathode forms the high-voltage electrode (16.1, . . . , 16.N) and is respectively coupled to the high-voltage contact (15.1, . . . , 15.N).

13. The multi-tube X-ray source (30) according to claim 12, At least one of the X-ray tubes (31.1, . . . , 31.N) extends out of the housing (11), so that the X-rays generated at the anode propagate away from the housing (11).

14. The multi-tube X-ray source (30) according to claim 12 or 13, The distance between the first conductive housing section (17) and one of the X-ray tubes (31.1, ..., 31.N) is smaller than an insulating section along an electrically insulating cooling medium (13) between the first conductive housing section and the X-ray tube.

15. An X-ray device (40), comprising: - A multi-tube X-ray source (30) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, and - X-ray detector (41).

16. A computer tomography apparatus, comprising: - A plurality of X-ray devices (40) according to claim 15, wherein the housing (11) of the multi-tube X-ray radiator housing (10) is designed in the shape of an arc, wherein the arc-shaped housing (11) covers at least 180°, and wherein the spacing between adjacent X-ray tubes (31.1, ..., 31.N) is equidistant.

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