A device and method for treating high-altitude mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ecological restoration, and provides a device and method for treating high-altitude mining areas by utilizing native ecological grass seed particles, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) main body and a mounting device, wherein the UAV main body comprises wing one, wing two, and a power module, wherein wing one and wing two are arranged in parallel on the top of the UAV main body, four groups of power modules are fixedly connected in parallel below wing one and wing two, the mounting device is fixedly connected below wing two, and tripods connected to wing two are arranged on both sides of the mounting device; the present invention studies and analyzes four targeted grass seed ratios, which make the germination rate of native ecological grass seeds in the target area higher and the ecological restoration effect better, while reducing the frequency of the UAV's round-trip flights, improving the efficiency of the UAV's sowing, enhancing the flight stability, and also helping to overcome the harsh environment of the high-altitude mining areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a device and method for remediating high-altitude and cold mining areas by utilizing native ecological grass seed particles. Background Art

[0002] The alpine mining area is located in a high-altitude area. Before open-pit mining, it was a hilly terrain with extensive vegetation coverage and widespread permafrost development. The alpine mining area has no distinct four seasons, a cold climate, and a large temperature difference between day and night. It is a typical plateau continental climate. Affected by the vertical zonality of the mountain climate, the vegetation in the alpine mining area presents a vertical zonal distribution. The vegetation types are divided into alpine swamps and alpine meadows, with obvious morphological characteristics of alpine areas.

[0003] The soil types in alpine mining areas are mainly alpine meadow soil and marsh meadow soil. Their parent material is lake sediment and alluvial deposits. The soil layer is greater than 50 cm thick, the pH value is 7.5, and there is a freezing period of up to half a year (October to April of the following year); the original vegetation coverage in the alpine mining area is 70 to 90%, but if it is damaged, it is difficult to recover. Artificial grassland is needed through a long period of succession to gradually transition to a natural vegetation community; since open-pit mining has caused direct damage to the vegetation in plateau mining areas, it is of great value to propose a stable and efficient method for vegetation restoration in alpine mining areas.

[0004] The Chinese patent announcement number is: CN113812325A, a method for restoring vegetation in high-altitude mining areas, a method for maintaining vegetation in high-altitude mining areas, and a planting device thereof. The invention discloses a method for restoring vegetation in high-altitude mining areas, a method for maintaining vegetation in high-altitude mining areas, and a planting device thereof in the field of plant planting, including the following steps: S1, screening local native grass seeds for mixed planting; S2, dividing the seeds into dominant species and companion species during the mixed planting process; S3, then pelletizing the seeds; S4, using drones to sow in areas with an altitude of 3,000 to 5,000 meters; S5, 10 kilograms per mu of dominant species and 5 kilograms per mu of companion species. The purpose of this invention is to carry out engineering protection and ecological greening treatment on bare land in mining areas, use grids to enclose planting areas, realize the three-dimensional application of plant seeds, and successfully implement Afterwards, an ecological restoration area can be quickly constructed. Taking into account that there are many mining areas, slopes, wetlands and other terrains that are inaccessible to personnel in high-altitude mining areas, this invention uses drones to sow in high-altitude areas. However, there is no further research in the existing technology on special sowing drones for high-altitude mining areas. The sowing efficiency of common drones is low, and the working environment in high-altitude mining areas is harsh. Factors such as plateau hypoxia, low temperature, mining area pollution and geological disasters pose a direct threat to personnel. People should try to avoid going deep into mining areas and working in the field for a long time. At the same time, due to the degradation, degree of damage and different resilience of ecosystems, the seed ratio of Qinghai meadow fescue, hair grass and drooping saltwort used in this invention with high-altitude landscape flowers cannot adapt well to the complex environment of high-altitude mining areas.

[0005] In summary, the present invention provides a device and method for managing high-altitude mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for using native ecological grass seed particles to manage high-altitude mining areas, so as to solve the problems of low sowing efficiency of common drones in the existing technology and the inability of seed ratios to adapt to complex environments.

[0007] A device for using native ecological grass seed particles to manage high-altitude mining areas includes an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) main body and a mounting device. The UAV main body includes wing one, wing two, and a power module. Wing one and wing two are arranged in parallel on the top of the UAV main body. Four groups of power modules are fixedly connected in parallel to the bottom of wing one and wing two. The mounting device is fixedly connected to the bottom of wing two. Tripods connected to wing two are provided on both sides of the mounting device.

[0008] A preferred technical solution is that the power module includes a front propeller, a propeller, a connecting plate, a control center and a tail wing. The control center is fixedly connected to the bottom of wing one through the connecting plate. Power connecting columns are provided on both sides of the control center. The front propeller is provided on the end of the power connecting column close to the control center. The tail wing is provided on the end of the power connecting column away from the front propeller. Multiple groups of propellers are provided above the power connecting column. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of wing two.

[0009] A preferred technical solution is that the mounting device is connected to the wing 2 through a mounting plate, and the mounting device includes a pellet storage box, a counterweight box, a sliding rod 1, a sliding rod 2 and a main valve. The pellet storage box is slidably connected to the outer shell of the mounting device through the sliding rod 1 and the sliding rod 2, and the counterweight box is slidably connected to the outer shell of the mounting device through the sliding rod 1 and the sliding rod 2. A sub-valve is provided at the bottom of the pellet storage box, and the main valve is provided at the bottom of the mounting device.

[0010] A preferred technical solution is that the pellet storage box is symmetrically arranged in four groups with the counterweight box as the axis, and the valves on each side are centrally symmetrical between each other, and the pellet storage box and the counterweight box are slidably connected to the sliding rod through an electric slider.

[0011] A preferred technical solution is that the counterweight box includes an electric counterweight block and a sliding rod three, and the electric counterweight block is slidably connected to the top of the counterweight box through the sliding rod three.

[0012] A preferred technical solution, the main valve includes a limit frame, a launching column and a driving motor, the limit frame is located at the bottom of the mounting device and is fixedly connected to the shell of the mounting device, the launching column is slidably connected to the inside of the limit frame, the upper end of the launching column is fixedly connected to the connecting column, one side of the connecting column is rotatably connected to rotating plate 1, the rotating plate 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 2 at one end away from the connecting column, the rotating plate 2 is rotatably connected to the base 2 at one end away from the rotating plate 1, the base 2 is fixedly connected to the shell of the mounting device at one end, a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the rotating plate 2, the base 1 is fixedly connected to the shell of the mounting device, the driving motor is fixedly connected to one end of the base 1, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 3, and the rotating plate 3 and the sliding groove of the rotating plate 2 form a sliding connection.

[0013] A method for treating alpine mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1, survey the mine site, use high-resolution remote sensing data to interpret the main features in the selected alpine mining area, and preliminarily divide the area according to the degree of environmental damage;

[0015] S2: Select environmentally undegraded areas, environmentally degraded areas, and slag heap areas for survey and sampling, record land type, species composition, vegetation cover, topography, degree of environmental degradation, etc., measure soil moisture content, and extract surface soil samples or coal gangue for testing;

[0016] S3, based on the test results of soil or coal gangue, different areas of the alpine mining area are divided into four types: slope bedrock, repaired platform, mine pit and alkaline slag mountain;

[0017] S4, selecting a certain amount of Qinghai bluegrass seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue and Tongde dactylosa pinnatifida seeds, mixing them, and adding forage fertilizer, attapulgite soil and alpine meadow soil in a certain proportion to make pellets;

[0018] S5: Based on the overall appearance, topography and clearance conditions of the alpine mining area, remote sensing images and satellite navigation systems are used to determine the scope, navigation points, navigation lines, flight trajectory, direction, route and operation methods of aerial seeding;

[0019] S6: Send drones to sow grass seed pellets in the alpine mining area according to the sowing plan;

[0020] S7. Conduct periodic surveys on seedling emergence and seedling establishment within the area, record seedling density, growth, and distribution within the area, and organize reseeding operations in areas with low seedling emergence rates to ensure the effectiveness of aerial seeding.

[0021] S8. Implement closed management on a regional basis. After aerial seeding, the area will be closed for five years, with cultivation in the first three years and a ban in the last two years. Humans and animals are strictly prohibited from entering the area. Reseeding, fire prevention, pest control and other work should be carried out in a timely manner. Management responsibilities should be clarified, and a follow-up effectiveness investigation should be conducted.

[0022] A preferred technical solution is to mix the native ecological grass seeds according to the ratio with the highest germination rate in different regions. The ratios of grass seeds for the four types of mining areas are:

[0023] The highest germination rate of the slope bedrock matrix is ​​the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ...

[0024] The highest germination rate of the trimmed platform is 2:0.5:1:1 weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai Pyricularia sutchuenensis: Qinghai Festuca australis.

[0025] The highest germination rate of alkaline slag is the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ...

[0026] The ratio with the highest germination rate using the mine as the substrate is the weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai cold-land bluegrass: Qinghai Chinese fescue, which is 2:1:0.5:1.

[0027] A preferred technical solution is that after the native ecological grass seeds are mixed, they are mixed with special fertilizer for forage, attapulgite soil, and alpine meadow soil in a fixed proportion to form pellets, and the weight ratio of the native ecological grass seeds: special fertilizer for forage: attapulgite soil: alpine meadow soil is 1:1:1:10.

[0028] A preferred technical solution is that the native ecological grass seeds are carefully selected and processed, and the quality is graded individually and comprehensively evaluated based on the four indicators of purity, germination rate, number of other plant seeds and moisture. The quality of four grass seeds, namely Qinghai meadow bluegrass seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue, and Tongde small-flowered alkaligrass, can reach the provincial level 2 and above grass seed quality grading standards.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This invention investigates and demarcates the target mining area, and through research and analysis, derives four targeted grass seed ratios, which increase the germination rate of native ecological grass seeds in the target area and improve the ecological restoration effect. It also provides additional kinetic energy to the falling pellets, accelerating their descent and reducing the impact on the pellets during their movement in the air.

[0031] 2. The present invention adopts a mounting device design with four built-in pellet storage boxes, which can be used to load grass seed mixed pellets in different proportions in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the frequency of the UAV's round-trip flights and improving the efficiency of the UAV's aerial seeding. Through the built-in electric slider and electric counterweight block, the pellet storage box and the counterweight box are continuously fine-tuned to keep the center of gravity of the UAV stable, thereby enhancing flight stability and helping to overcome the harsh environment of the high-altitude mining area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power module structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the mounting device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main valve structure of the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. UAV body; 2. Mounting device; 3. Wing 1; 4. Wing 2; 5. Power module; 6. Tripod; 7. Front propeller; 8. Propeller; 9. Connecting plate; 10. Control center; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Power connection column; 13. Tail; 14. Pellet storage box; 15. Counterweight box; 16. Sliding rod 1; 17. Sliding rod 2; 18. Sub-valve; 19. Main valve; 191. Limit frame; 192. Launch column; 193. Connecting column; 194. Rotating plate 1; 195. Rotating plate 2; 196. Rotating plate 3; 197. Drive motor; 198. Base 1; 199. Base 2; 20. Electric slider; 21. Electric counterweight; 22. Sliding rod 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a device for treating alpine mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles, comprising a drone body 1 and a mounting device 2, wherein the drone body 1 comprises wing one 3, wing two 4 and a power module 5, wherein wing one 3 and wing two 4 are arranged in parallel on the top of the drone body 1, and four groups of power modules 5 are fixedly connected in parallel to the bottom of wing one 3 and wing two 4, and the mounting device 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of wing two 4, and tripods 6 connected to wing two 4 are arranged on both sides of the mounting device 2.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, the power module 5 includes a front propeller 7, a propeller 8, a connecting plate 9, a control center 10 and a tail 13. The control center 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wing 1 3 through the connecting plate 9. Power connection columns 12 are provided on both sides of the control center 10. The front propeller 7 is provided on the end of the power connection column 12 close to the control center 10. The tail 13 is provided on the end of the power connection column 12 away from the front propeller 7. Multiple groups of propellers 8 are provided above the power connection column 12. A mounting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wing 2 4.

[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, the mounting device 2 is connected to the wing 2 4 through the mounting plate 11, and the mounting device 2 includes a pellet storage box 14, a counterweight box 15, a sliding rod 16, a sliding rod 2 17 and a main valve 19. The pellet storage box 14 is slidingly connected to the outer shell of the mounting device 2 through the sliding rod 16 and the sliding rod 2 17, and the counterweight box 15 is slidingly connected to the outer shell of the mounting device 2 through the sliding rod 16 and the sliding rod 2 17. A sub-valve 18 is provided at the bottom of the pellet storage box 14, and the main valve 19 is provided at the bottom of the mounting device 2.

[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, the pellet storage box 14 is symmetrically arranged in four groups with the counterweight box 15 as the axis, and the valves 18 on each side are centrally symmetrical between each other. The pellet storage box 14 and the counterweight box 15 are slidably connected to the sliding rod 16 through an electric slider 20.

[0044] As an embodiment of the present invention, the counterweight box 15 includes an electric counterweight block 21 and a sliding rod three 22, and the electric counterweight block 21 is slidably connected to the top of the counterweight box 15 through the sliding rod three 22.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, the main valve 19 includes a limit frame 191, a launch column 192 and a drive motor 197. The limit frame 191 is located at the bottom of the mounting device 2 and is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the mounting device 2. The launch column 192 is slidably connected to the inside of the limit frame 191. The upper end of the launch column 192 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 193. One side of the connecting column 193 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 194. The rotating plate 194 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 2 195 at one end away from the connecting column 193. The rotating plate 2 195 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 194 at one end away from the rotating plate 194. It is dynamically connected to a base 2 199, and the end of the base 2 199 away from the rotating plate 2 195 is fixedly connected to the outer shell of the mounting device 2. A slide groove is provided in the middle of the rotating plate 2 195. The outer shell of the mounting device 2 is fixedly connected to a base 198. The driving motor 197 is fixedly connected to one end of the base 198. The output end of the driving motor 197 is fixedly connected to a rotating plate 3 196. The rotating plate 3 196 and the slide groove of the rotating plate 2 195 form a sliding connection. The launching column 192 can shoot out the grass seed pellets when it moves rapidly, thereby providing additional kinetic energy for the grass seed pellets.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1, survey the mine site, use high-resolution remote sensing data to interpret the main features in the selected alpine mining area, and preliminarily divide the area according to the degree of environmental damage;

[0048] S2: Select environmentally undegraded areas, environmentally degraded areas, and slag heap areas for survey and sampling, record land type, species composition, vegetation cover, topography, degree of environmental degradation, etc., measure soil moisture content, and extract surface soil samples or coal gangue for testing;

[0049] S3, based on the test results of soil or coal gangue, different areas of the alpine mining area are divided into four types: slope bedrock, repaired platform, mine pit and alkaline slag mountain;

[0050] S4, selecting a certain amount of Qinghai bluegrass seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue and Tongde dactylosa pinnatifida seeds, mixing them, and adding forage fertilizer, attapulgite soil and alpine meadow soil in a certain proportion to make pellets;

[0051] S5: Based on the overall appearance, topography and clearance conditions of the alpine mining area, remote sensing images and satellite navigation systems are used to determine the scope, navigation points, navigation lines, flight trajectory, direction, route and operation methods of aerial seeding;

[0052] S6: Send drones to sow grass seed pellets in the alpine mining area according to the sowing plan;

[0053] S7. Conduct periodic surveys on seedling emergence and seedling establishment within the area, record seedling density, growth, and distribution within the area, and organize reseeding operations in areas with low seedling emergence rates to ensure the effectiveness of aerial seeding.

[0054] S8. Implement closed management on a regional basis. After aerial seeding, the area will be closed for five years, with cultivation in the first three years and a ban in the last two years. Humans and animals are strictly prohibited from entering the area. Reseeding, fire prevention, pest control and other work should be carried out in a timely manner. Management responsibilities should be clarified, and a follow-up effectiveness investigation should be conducted.

[0055] As an embodiment of the present invention, the native ecological grass seeds are mixed according to the ratio with the highest germination rate in different regions. The grass seed ratios of the four mining area types are:

[0056] The highest germination rate of the slope bedrock matrix is ​​the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ...

[0057] The highest germination rate of the trimmed platform is 2:0.5:1:1 weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai Pyricularia sutchuenensis: Qinghai Festuca australis.

[0058] The highest germination rate of alkaline slag is the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ...

[0059] The ratio with the highest germination rate using the mine as the substrate is the weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai cold-land bluegrass: Qinghai Chinese fescue, which is 2:1:0.5:1.

[0060] As an embodiment of the present invention, after the native ecological grass seeds are mixed, they are mixed with special fertilizer for forage, attapulgite soil, and alpine meadow soil in a fixed proportion to form pellets. The weight ratio of the native ecological grass seeds: special fertilizer for forage: attapulgite soil: alpine meadow soil is 1:1:1:10.

[0061] As an embodiment of the present invention, the native ecological grass seeds are carefully selected and processed, and the quality is graded individually and comprehensively evaluated based on the four indicators of purity, germination rate, number of other plant seeds and moisture. The quality of four grass seeds, namely Qinghai meadow bluegrass seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue, and Tongde small-flowered alkaligrass, can reach the provincial level 2 and above grass seed quality grading standards.

[0062] Specific working principle:

[0063] In the establishment and restoration of vegetation in mines, roads, riverbanks, and slopes, the perennial herb Kentucky bluegrass with a well-developed root system is usually used as the main species. In combination with other grass species with different characteristics, it can not only restore the ecosystem vegetation, but also enhance the ecosystem stability and comprehensive service functions. The four grass species selected in this invention are:

[0064] Qinghai meadow bluegrass is a perennial herb of the genus Poaceae in the Poaceae family. Its plant height is 70 to 95 cm during the peak flowering period. It is the first new rhizome forage grass variety from the Sanjiangyuan area. It has extremely strong asexual reproduction ability, can quickly form a compact turf layer, and is resistant to trampling. It has good palatability and is loved by all kinds of livestock. It has high nutritional value and is an excellent forage grass suitable for yaks and Tibetan sheep in the Sanjiangyuan area. It is very suitable as an excellent grass species for the restoration of vegetation in black soil beaches.

[0065] Qinghai cold-weather bluegrass is a perennial sparse clump-type grass of the genus Poaceae, with a well-developed fibrous root system, most of which is concentrated in the 10 to 18 cm soil layer; the stem is upright and slightly flattened, and the plant height is 50 to 65 cm; it was collected from wild cold-weather bluegrass seeds in 1972 from natural grassland at an altitude of about 3000m in the Batan area of ​​Tongde County, Qinghai Province, and was domesticated after many years of cultivation; it has strong adaptability and can grow well in the eastern part of Qinghai with lower altitudes to the high-altitude pasture areas at an altitude of 4000m; it is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, shade-tolerant, with strong tillering ability and good regeneration ability; it is suitable for growing in alpine meadows, and can also grow in relatively arid alpine grasslands.

[0066] Qinghai Chinese Fescue is a perennial sparse clump-type herb of the genus Fescue in the Poaceae family. It has a well-developed fibrous root system concentrated in the soil layer of 15-18 cm; the stem is upright or slightly inclined at the base; the plant height is 55-104 cm; it is a wild Chinese Fescue seed collected from a natural grassland at an altitude of about 3000m in the Batan area of ​​Tongde County, and has been cultivated and domesticated for more than 30 years; it has strong adaptability, is cold-resistant, and has a certain degree of cold resistance; it is suitable for cultivation in the high-altitude and cold areas of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with an altitude of 2000 to 4000m and an annual rainfall of about 400m. It is an excellent variety for establishing artificial grasslands and reseeding natural grasslands.

[0067] Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia, also known as star grass, is a perennial herb of the genus Puccinellia in the Poaceae family. It is 45 to 70 cm tall, cold-resistant, drought-resistant, and saline-alkali-tolerant, and grows well in soils with a pH value of 8.5 to 9.0. It was a wild species collected in the Batan area of ​​Tongde County in 1971 and has been cultivated and domesticated for more than 30 years. It is suitable for cultivation in the high-altitude areas of Qinghai below 4,000 meters above sea level, and is particularly suitable for growth in saline-alkali land.

[0068] When the method provided by the present invention enters the aerial seeding process, first, according to the work plan, four grass seed mixed pellets in different proportions are filled into the pellet storage box 14. After filling, the control center 10 is started and the automatic leveling process is entered through the control center 10.

[0069] First, the control center 10 measures the center of gravity of the drone, and then starts the electric slider 20 according to the measurement results to drive the pellet storage box 14 and the counterweight block 15 to move along the sliding rod 16. At the same time, the electric counterweight block 21 in the counterweight box 15 starts to move along the sliding rod 3 22. Finally, according to the principle of leverage, the center of gravity of the drone is kept in the center position by continuously fine-tuning the pellet storage box 14 and the counterweight box 15, thereby ensuring the stability of the drone's flight.

[0070] During takeoff, the propeller 8 is used to lift the drone into the air; after the launch is completed, the front propeller 7 is started in conjunction with the tail wing 13 to make the drone fly level in the air, thereby saving energy and achieving long-distance flight; after arriving at the target area, the drone is lowered to a suitable delivery height by adjusting the rotation speed of the front propeller 7 and the propeller 8, and then the sub-valve 18 at the bottom of the predetermined pellet storage box 14 is opened, so that the pellets are moved to the main valve 19 under the influence of gravity; when the pellets begin to be delivered, the drive motor 197 is started, and the drive motor 197 is used to drive the rotating plate three 196 to rotate around the output shaft of the drive motor 197. Since the rotating plate three 196 and the rotating plate two 195 are connected by a sliding groove, and the two ends of the rotating plate two 195 are respectively connected to the rotating plate one 194 and the base two 199 for rotation, when the rotating plate three 196 rotates, the driving plate The second rotating plate 195 starts to rotate with the base second 199 as the center, and the rotating plate third 196 slides along the sliding groove of the rotating plate second 195; since the two ends of the rotating plate one 194 are respectively rotatably connected to the rotating plate second 195 and the connecting column 193, when the rotating plate two 195 rotates, the rotating plate one 194 is further driven to rotate, and the rotation amplitude of the rotating plate two 195 is limited by the movement trajectory of the rotating plate three 196, and can only rotate reciprocally at a small angle; and the connecting column 193 to which the rotating plate one 194 is rotatably connected is fixedly connected to the launching column 192. Since the limit frame 191 limits the movement range of the launching column 192, the connecting column 193 fixedly connected to the launching column 192 can only move in a fixed direction, thereby limiting the movement range of the rotating plate one 194, so that the rotating plate 194 rotates reciprocally at a smaller angle.

[0071] In the default state, the rotating plate 3 196 is in a vertical downward posture, so that the rotating plate 2 195 is located at the bottom of the rotatable range, thereby driving the connecting column 193 to be located at the bottom of the movable range through the rotating plate 194, and then the launching column 192 completely closes the main valve 19; when the pellet is started, the driving motor 197 drives the rotating plate 3 196 to rotate clockwise, so that the rotating plate 2 195 gradually moves upward, and then drives the launching column 192 to slide upward along the limit frame 191, so that the pellet moves to the gap of the main valve 19 and falls; at this time, the rotating plate three 196 is still rotating clockwise rapidly, so that the rotating plate two 195 moves to the top of the movable range and then moves downward rapidly, thereby causing the bottom of the launching column 192 to collide with the pellets, providing kinetic energy other than gravity for the pellets to fall; compared to the delivery method that relies solely on gravity, when the pellets are delivered in the high-altitude mining area, due to the harsh climate environment, they are easily affected by the wind and deflected, providing additional kinetic energy for the pellets to fall, which can accelerate the process of the pellets falling, thereby reducing the impact on the pellets when they move in the air.

[0072] The selected grass seed mixed pellets are delivered to the target area. During the delivery process, the drone is kept balanced by automatic leveling, and the drone continues to move along the route, thereby realizing the flying seeding process. Similarly, when the pellets in the target area are delivered, the above process is repeated to move to the next target area for delivery.

[0073] Compared with the common drones and universal seed ratios used in the prior art, the present invention, through investigation and division of the target mining area, studies and analyses to obtain four targeted grass seed ratios, which makes the germination rate of native ecological grass seeds in the target area higher and the ecological restoration effect better; by designing a mounting device with four built-in pellet storage boxes, grass seed mixed pellets of different proportions are loaded in a targeted manner, which reduces the frequency of the drone's round-trip flights and improves the efficiency of the drone's seeding; through the built-in electric slider and electric counterweight block, the pellet storage box and the counterweight box are continuously fine-tuned to keep the center of gravity of the drone stable, enhance flight stability, and also help to overcome the harsh environment of the high-altitude mining area.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles, characterized in that: The invention comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) body (1) and a mounting device (2), wherein the UAV body (1) comprises a wing 1 (3), a wing 2 (4) and a power module (5), wherein the wing 1 (3) and the wing 2 (4) are arranged in parallel on the top of the UAV body (1), and four groups of the power modules (5) are fixedly connected in parallel below the wing 1 (3) and the wing 2 (4), and the mounting device (2) is fixedly connected below the wing 2 (4), and tripods (6) connected to the wing 2 (4) are arranged on both sides of the mounting device (2); The mounting device (2) is connected to the wing 2 (4) through the mounting plate (11), and the mounting device (2) includes a pellet storage box (14), a counterweight box (15), a sliding rod 1 (16), a sliding rod 2 (17) and a main valve (19). The pellet storage box (14) is slidably connected to the outer shell of the mounting device (2) through the sliding rod 1 (16) and the sliding rod 2 (17), and the counterweight box (15) is slidably connected to the outer shell of the mounting device (2) through the sliding rod 1 (16) and the sliding rod 2 (17). A sub-valve (18) is provided at the bottom of the pellet storage box (14), and the main valve (19) is provided at the bottom of the mounting device (2); The pellet storage box (14) is symmetrically arranged in four groups with the counterweight box (15) as the axis, and the valves (18) on each side are symmetrical with each other. The pellet storage box (14) and the counterweight box (15) are slidably connected to the sliding rod (16) via an electric slider (20); The counterweight box (15) includes an electric counterweight block (21) and a sliding rod (22), and the electric counterweight block (21) is slidably connected to the top of the counterweight box (15) via the sliding rod (22).

2. The device for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (5) includes a front propeller (7), a propeller (8), a connecting plate (9), a control center (10) and a tail wing (13), wherein the control center (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wing one (3) through the connecting plate (9), and power connection columns (12) are provided on both sides of the control center (10), the front propeller (7) is provided on one end of the power connection column (12) close to the control center (10), and the tail wing (13) is provided on one end of the power connection column (12) away from the front propeller (7), and multiple groups of propellers (8) are provided above the power connection column (12), and a mounting plate (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wing two (4).

3. The device for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main valve (19) includes a limit frame (191), a launch column (192) and a drive motor (197), wherein the limit frame (191) is located at the bottom of the mounting device (2) and is fixedly connected to the housing of the mounting device (2), and the launch column (192) is slidably connected to the interior of the limit frame (191), and the upper end of the launch column (192) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (193), and one side of the connecting column (193) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 1 (194), and the end of the rotating plate 1 (194) away from the connecting column (193) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 2 (195), and the rotating plate 2 (19 5) One end away from the rotating plate 1 (194) is rotatably connected to the base 2 (199), one end of the base 2 (199) away from the rotating plate 2 (195) is fixedly connected to the housing of the mounting device (2), a sliding groove is provided in the middle of the rotating plate 2 (195), the housing of the mounting device (2) is fixedly connected to the base 1 (198), the driving motor (197) is fixedly connected to one end of the base 1 (198), the output end of the driving motor (197) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 3 (196), and the rotating plate 3 (196) and the sliding groove of the rotating plate 2 (195) form a sliding connection.

4. A method for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles, characterized in that: The device for treating alpine mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: S1, survey the mine site, use high-resolution remote sensing data to interpret the main features in the selected alpine mining area, and preliminarily divide the area according to the degree of environmental damage; S2: Select non-degraded areas, degraded areas, and slag heap areas for survey and sampling, record land type, species composition, vegetation cover, topography, degree of environmental degradation, measure soil moisture content, and extract surface soil samples or coal gangue for testing; S3, based on the test results of soil or coal gangue, different areas of the alpine mining area are divided into four types: slope bedrock, repaired platform, mine pit and alkaline slag mountain; S4, selecting a certain amount of Qinghai bluegrass seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue and Tongde dactylosa pinnatifida seeds, mixing them, and adding forage fertilizer, attapulgite soil and alpine meadow soil in a certain proportion to make pellets; S5: Based on the overall appearance, topography and clearance conditions of the alpine mining area, remote sensing images and satellite navigation systems are used to determine the scope, navigation points, navigation lines, flight trajectory, direction, route and operation methods of aerial seeding; S6: Send drones to sow grass seed pellets in the alpine mining area according to the sowing plan; S7. Conduct periodic surveys on seedling emergence and seedling establishment within the area, record seedling density, growth, and distribution within the area, and organize reseeding operations in areas with low seedling emergence rates to ensure the effectiveness of aerial seeding. S8. Implement closed management on a regional basis. After aerial seeding, the area will be closed for five years, with cultivation in the first three years and a ban in the last two years. People and animals are strictly prohibited from entering the area. Reseeding, fire prevention, and pest control work should be carried out in a timely manner. Management responsibilities should be clarified, and a follow-up effectiveness investigation should be conducted.

5. The method for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas by using native ecological grass seed particles as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The native ecological grass seed mixture uses the ratio with the highest germination rate according to different regions. The grass seed ratios of the four mining area types are: The highest germination rate of the slope bedrock matrix is ​​the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ... The highest germination rate of the trimmed platform is 2:0.5:1:1 weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai Pyricularia sutchuenensis: Qinghai Festuca australis. The highest germination rate of alkaline slag is the weight ratio of Qinghai bluegrass: Tongde dwarf ... The ratio with the highest germination rate using the mine as the substrate is the weight ratio of Qinghai Kentucky bluegrass: Tongde Puccinellia tenuifolia: Qinghai cold-land bluegrass: Qinghai Chinese fescue, which is 2:1:0.5:

1.

6. A method for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: After the native ecological grass seeds are mixed, they are mixed with special fertilizer for forage, attapulgite soil, and alpine meadow soil in a fixed proportion to form pellets. The weight ratio of the native ecological grass seeds: special fertilizer for forage: attapulgite soil: alpine meadow soil is 1:1:1:

10.

7. The method for treating high-altitude and cold mining areas using native ecological grass seed particles as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The native ecological grass seeds are carefully selected and processed, and the quality is graded individually and comprehensively evaluated based on the four indicators of purity, germination rate, number of other plant seeds and moisture. As a result, the quality of the four grass seeds, Qinghai meadow fescue seeds, Qinghai cold-land bluegrass, Qinghai Chinese fescue and Tongde small-flowered alkaligrass, can reach the provincial level 2 and above grass seed quality grading standards.

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