Self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building materials
By using a self-feeding progressive brick-making device for building materials, the device utilizes screws and cams to vibrate and uniformly distribute the materials. Combined with lever measurement and vibrating roller arrangement, it solves the problems of uneven distribution of building materials and large equipment size, achieving high-quality and low-cost brick-making results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HONGXIANG ENVIRONMENTAL IND CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Uneven distribution of building debris leads to uneven quality of pressed bricks. Traditional brick-making equipment is bulky and has high transportation costs, making it difficult to effectively utilize building demolition debris.
The device employs a self-feeding progressive brick pressing system using building materials. It achieves uniform vibration distribution of the materials through a screw and cam structure, automatically measures and quantitatively feeds the materials using a lever principle, and utilizes a vibrating roller to achieve uniform arrangement of the materials within the brick mold.
It improves the uniformity of brick quality, reduces equipment size and transportation costs, simplifies the brick-making process, and reduces the need for manual operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN117507100B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of brick pressing technology, specifically to a self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building materials. Background Technology
[0002] Construction debris refers to materials such as crushed stone, bricks, concrete, and sand from construction waste. This debris typically originates from building demolition, construction waste, or the demolition of old buildings. Construction debris usually comes from construction sites and demolition projects. This includes discarded concrete blocks, bricks, stone, wood, and other building materials. These waste materials can generate a large amount of debris.
[0003] The construction industry has always had a high demand for bricks, as bricks are one of the basic building blocks in construction. However, the traditional brick-making process is usually time-consuming and requires a large amount of labor. In the modern brick industry, large-scale production methods are often used to reduce production costs, which has greatly reduced the number of brick factories in a given area. This further increases the distance between the brick factory and the construction site, which in turn increases the cost of bricks for construction.
[0004] Construction debris generated during demolition is less uniform than traditional brick-making debris. This results in uneven distribution of construction debris within the brick during traditional brick-making equipment, leading to uneven weight distribution in the pressed bricks. Furthermore, the potential aggregation of debris of different sizes in one location contributes to uneven strength distribution within the bricks, all of which negatively impact the quality of the finished bricks. Additionally, traditional brick-making equipment is generally large and located in remote areas, often far from demolition sites. Using construction debris requires transporting the debris to the brick factory and then back to the construction site for rebuilding, significantly increasing the cost of brick production.
[0005] In addition, since the materials of building demolition debris are quite complex, the weight density of each part is often different. Traditional brick-making equipment often feeds and presses bricks by a fixed volume of brick debris. This results in the weight of individual new bricks made from building debris often being different, which also affects the overall quality of bricks made from building debris. Summary of the Invention
[0006] (I) Technical problem to be solved: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building materials. During the brick pressing process, the crushed materials can be vibrated multiple times simultaneously, so that the crushed materials in the brick are more uniform and the overall quality of the building materials after pressing is guaranteed.
[0007] (II) Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: The self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building debris includes a lower frame, an upper frame fixed above the lower frame, the lower frame including two parallel vertical frame plates, a brick mold to be pressed is placed between the two frame plates, building debris to be pressed is placed inside the brick mold, and an upper mold corresponding to the brick mold and capable of pressing downwards is assembled above the brick mold; the upper frame is equipped with a vertically threaded hole for rotating up and down by rotating on its own axis. A lead screw is coaxially fixedly mounted with an annular cam at its lower part. An annular wavy pressing surface is provided below the cam. A horizontal mounting plate is fixed between the two frame plates of the lower frame. A lifting plate is mounted on the upper part of the mounting plate by a spring. Two or more annularly distributed pressing heads corresponding to the lower part of the cam are mounted on the upper part of the lifting plate. The upper part of the pressing heads is elastically pressed against the pressing surface below the annular cam. The lower part of the lifting plate is fixedly mounted to the upper mold through the mounting plate by a vertical pressing shaft.
[0008] Preferably, the upper frame is provided with two horizontal mounting surfaces. A pressure motor is mounted on the upper mounting surface of the upper frame, and a vertical through threaded hole is machined on the lower mounting surface of the upper frame. The lead screw is mounted in the threaded hole, and the lead screw is connected to the downward output shaft of the pressure motor. The lead screw and the output shaft of the pressure motor are slidably assembled vertically.
[0009] Preferably, a vertical sliding hole is machined at the axial position of the middle of the lead screw, and the output shaft of the pressure motor is slidably assembled in the sliding hole.
[0010] Preferably, the unfolded curve of the lower part of the annular cam has a wave-like undulation, the wave surface of the annular cam has two or more evenly distributed protrusions, and the lifting plate is equipped with a number of top pressure heads corresponding to the number of protrusions on the lower part of the cam.
[0011] Preferably, the upper part of the pressing head is equipped with a roller, and the pressing head is pressed against the pressing surface of the lower part of the cam by the roller rolling.
[0012] Preferably, a horizontal upper conveyor belt is provided at the bottom left side of the lower frame, and the upper conveyor belt is flush with the placement plane of the brick mold; a feeding mechanism is provided on the left side of the upper conveyor belt.
[0013] The feeding mechanism includes a left frame located on the left side of the upper conveyor belt. A connecting rod is mounted on the upper part of the left frame. A shaft tube that can rotate on its own axis is mounted on the outer diameter of the connecting rod. Fixing plates are fixed on both the left and right sides of the shaft tube. A counterweight box is fixed on the outer side of the left fixing plate.
[0014] A hopper-shaped fixed hopper is fixed to the outside of the fixed plate on the right. The hopper has a receiving position and a discharging position according to the amount of construction debris inside. When the hopper is in the receiving position, the bottom of the hopper is tilted upward to form the receiving position of the hopper. At this time, the top of the hopper is directly opposite the discharge port of the construction debris. The construction debris falls into the hopper. When the torque generated by the weight of the hopper and the material inside it is greater than the torque generated by the counterweight box on the other side, the hopper moves downward. At this time, the hopper is in the discharging position. The bottom of the hopper is tilted downward to form the discharging position of the hopper. At this time, the bottom of the hopper discharge is directly opposite the top of the brick mold above the conveyor belt.
[0015] Preferably, the counterweight box has a closed structure, and the counterweight box contains liquid, the volume of which is less than 80% of its capacity.
[0016] Preferably, the brick pressing device further includes a blocking mechanism acting above the right-side fixed plate;
[0017] The blocking mechanism includes a vertical plate disposed at the rear end of the right fixed plate, and a blocking cylinder is fixed on the side of the vertical plate adjacent to the right fixed plate, and a blocking rod is fixed to the output end of the blocking cylinder.
[0018] A horizontal plate is fixed to the front end of the vertical plate, and a proximity sensor is fixed at the top center of the horizontal plate, with the proximity sensor located at the bottom of the fixed plate on the right side.
[0019] Preferably, the brick pressing device further includes a conveying mechanism for brick pressing after completion;
[0020] The conveying mechanism includes a bottom frame disposed at the bottom of the upper conveyor belt. A lifting cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the bottom frame. A piston is fixed at the output end of the lifting cylinder. A U-shaped holding shell is fixed at the top of the piston. The U-shaped holding shell is perpendicular to the brick mold. The U-shaped holding shell is used to hold and support the brick mold.
[0021] Preferably, two linear guide rails are fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the base frame, and a slide block is slidably mounted above each of the two linear guide rails. A brick-holding seat is fixed to the top of the two slide blocks, and the brick-holding seat is located on the left side of the U-shaped holding shell.
[0022] Preferably, a brick-pushing cylinder is fixed to the right side of the bottom frame, the output end of the brick-pushing cylinder passes through the bottom frame and is fixed with a push rod, and one end of the push rod is fixed with a push plate.
[0023] Preferably, the bottom of both the left frame and the vertical plate are fixed to the bottom frame.
[0024] Preferably, the upper conveyor belt is made of rubber or nylon, and a self-rotating vibrating roller is installed between the upper and lower belts of the conveyor belt. The vibrating roller is connected to the power module for transmission. The surface of the vibrating roller is arrayed with lower magnetic blocks. The brick mold is made of non-magnetic material, and an array of small holes is machined on the bottom surface of the brick mold. Upper magnetic blocks are installed in the small holes on the bottom surface of the brick mold. The outer end of the lower magnetic block of the vibrating roller has the same magnetism as the lower part of the magnetic block on the bottom surface of the brick mold. The brick mold passes over the vibrating roller via the upper belt of the upper conveyor belt.
[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects: The present invention provides a self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building materials, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0026] 1. This device is mainly used to reprocess construction waste into bricks. During processing, the construction waste is placed in a brick mold. The device rotates via a lead screw mounted on the upper frame, causing a cam at its lower part to rotate as well. The rotation of the lead screw drives the cam downwards. The cam is elastically fitted with a pressing head at its lower part. Because the upper end of the pressing head is in close contact with the pressing surface of the cam, the pressing head vibrates up and down continuously as the cam rotates downwards with the lead screw. This causes the upper mold, which is fixedly mounted below the pressing head, to vibrate continuously as it moves downwards. In this way, the device continuously vibrates while pressing the construction waste in the brick mold through the upper mold, ensuring that the waste is evenly distributed within the brick mold. This prevents unevenness of the material inside the brick due to the unevenness of the waste itself, thereby improving the quality of bricks made from construction waste. Meanwhile, the device has a simple and compact structure with a vertically set brick pressing structure, which greatly reduces the overall size of the device and makes it easy to move. When a construction site needs to be demolished and rebuilt, the entire device can be moved to the vicinity of the construction site to make bricks directly.
[0027] 2. This invention involves pouring crushed and mixed materials into a fixed hopper. When the weight of the fixed hopper exceeds the total weight of the counterweight box on the left, the hopper descends using a lever principle. At this point, the amount of crushed material inside the hopper is just enough to make one brick. The feeding mechanism can quickly measure the weight of crushed material needed for one brick. Utilizing the lever principle, the material mass measurement is completed simultaneously with the rapid descent of the hopper, achieving a conversion between the two material states. This also completes the process of discharging the crushed material from the outlet of the mixing module to the brick mold on the upper conveyor belt. The feeding structure is significantly simplified compared to the corresponding structure in traditional brick pressing. Furthermore, the lever principle ensures automatic operation between parts, eliminating the need for additional moving parts and simplifying the transmission process. Additionally, because the counterweight box is filled with liquid to less than 80% of its volume, the liquid inside the counterweight box vibrates continuously from side to side during the descent of the fixed hopper. This creates a scooping action on the other end of the fixed hopper, helping to shake the crushed material from the fixed hopper into the brick mold.
[0028] 3. In this patent, a self-rotating vibrating roller is installed inside the conveyor belt. The surface of the vibrating roller is arrayed with lower magnetic blocks, while the lower part of the brick mold is equipped with an upper magnetic block. The vibrating roller is driven to rotate by a power module. At this time, since the outer end of the lower magnetic block of the vibrating roller has the same magnetism as the lower part of the magnetic block on the bottom surface of the brick mold, and since like poles repel each other, whenever the lower magnetic block of the vibrating roller is aligned with the upper magnetic block of the brick mold, the brick mold causes the broken material inside it to vibrate. The continuous rotation of the vibrating roller causes the brick mold passing above the vibrating roller on the upper conveyor belt to vibrate continuously, so that the broken material inside the brick mold is continuously and evenly distributed during the vibration process, thereby completing the initial material equalization process. Attached Figure Description
[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for building materials according to the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper frame, lead screw, and cam structure of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a front structural diagram of the upper frame, lead screw, and cam structure of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the fixed hopper part of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom frame portion of the present invention in Embodiment 2;
[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating roller assembled on the upper conveyor belt in Example 3;
[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating roller in Example 3;
[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the back of the brick mold in Example 3.
[0038] The components include: 1. Lower frame; 11. Assembly plate; 12. Lifting plate; 13. Top pressure head; 131. Roller; 14. Pressure shaft; 2. Brick mold; 21. Upper mold; 22. Upper magnetic block; 3. Upper frame; 31. Lead screw; 32. Cam; 33. Pressing motor; 4. Upper conveyor belt; 5. Horizontal plate; 51. Proximity sensor; 6. Left frame; 61. Connecting rod; 62. Shaft tube; 63. Fixing plate; 64. 65. Counterweight box; 66. Fixed hopper; 67. Scraper; 78. Pushing cylinder; 79. Vertical plate; 70. Blocking cylinder; 71. Blocking rod; 80. Base frame; 81. Linear guide rail; 82. Slide seat; 83. Brick holder; 84. Lifting cylinder; 85. Piston; 86. U-shaped holding shell; 87. Brick pushing cylinder; 88. Push rod; 89. Push plate; 90. Vibrating roller; 91. Lower magnetic block; 10. Discharge port. Detailed Implementation
[0039] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates includes a lower frame 1, with an upper frame 3 fixed above the lower frame 1. The upper frame 3 and the lower frame 1 are fixedly assembled, and the brick-pressing structure of the device is set on the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 1. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lower frame 1 includes two parallel vertical frame plates, and a brick mold 2 to be pressed is placed between the two frame plates. The brick mold 2 contains construction debris to be pressed into the brick. An upper mold 21 corresponding to the brick mold 2 is mounted above the brick mold 2 and can press the material downward. In this patent, the upper frame 3 is equipped with a lead screw 31 that rotates up and down by rotating on its own axis through a vertical threaded hole. A ring-shaped cam 32 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the lower part of the lead screw 31, and a ring-shaped wavy top pressing surface is provided below the cam 32.
[0044] A horizontal assembly plate 11 is fixed between the two frame plates of the lower frame 1. A lifting plate 12 is spring-loaded onto the upper part of the assembly plate 11. In a specific configuration, the bottom of the lifting plate 12 is square, and its two sides are limited between the two frame plates of the lower frame 1, so that the lifting plate 12 can only move up and down between the two frame plates. Two or more annularly distributed pressing heads 13, corresponding to the lower part of the cam 32, are mounted above the lifting plate 12. The upper part of the pressing head 13 elastically presses against the pressing surface below the annular cam 32. The lower part of the lifting plate 12 is fixedly assembled to the upper mold 21 through the assembly plate 11 via a vertical pressing shaft 14. Because the lifting plate 12 can only move up and down, and simultaneously the lifting plate 12 is...
[0045] This device is mainly used to reprocess building debris into bricks. This device is only the main part of the brick-pressing equipment; it requires other equipment such as mixing machinery and personnel to complete the entire brick-pressing process. The mixing and crushing equipment, which are common in this field, will not be described in detail here. During processing with this patented device, the building debris for brick making is placed in the brick mold, such as... Figure 1As shown, the device rotates via the lead screw 31 mounted on the upper frame 3, causing the lower cam 32 to rotate accordingly. Since the upper frame 3 and lower frame 1 are fixed, when the lead screw 31 rotates within the threaded hole of the upper and lower frame 3, the entire assembly moves downwards. Because the lead screw 31 and cam 32 are fixedly mounted, the lead screw 31 drives the cam 32 to rotate and move downwards together. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cam 32 is elastically fitted with a pressing head 13 at its lower part. Because the upper end of the pressing head 13 is tightly pressed against the wavy pressing surface of the cam 32, the pressing head 13, along with the pressing shaft 14 and the upper mold 21 below it, vibrates undulatingly as the cam 32 rotates downwards following the lead screw 31. This continuous vibration, as the device presses the construction waste in the brick mold 2 through the upper mold 21, ensures that the waste is evenly distributed, thereby improving the quality of the bricks made from construction waste. Furthermore, the device has a simple and compact structure, with the pressing structure vertically arranged, greatly reducing the overall size of the device and making it easy to move. Therefore, when a construction site needs to be demolished and rebuilt, the entire device can be moved to the vicinity of the construction site for direct brick production.
[0046] In the specific settings, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper frame 3 adopts an integral structure with two horizontal mounting surfaces. A pressure motor 33 is mounted on the upper mounting surface of the upper frame 3, and a vertically penetrating threaded hole is machined on the lower mounting surface of the upper frame 3. A lead screw 31 is mounted within the threaded hole, and the lead screw 31 is vertically connected to the downward-facing output shaft of the pressure motor 33. The lead screw 31 and the output shaft of the pressure motor 33 are slidably assembled vertically. A vertical sliding hole is machined at the axial position of the center of the lead screw 31, and the output shaft of the pressure motor 33 is slidably assembled within this sliding hole. The output shaft of the pressure motor 33 and the sliding hole of the lead screw 31 can be connected by a key, a splined shaft-hole assembly structure, or a shaft-hole sliding connection structure where both the shaft and hole have hexagonal cross-sections.
[0047] In specific settings, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the lower part of the annular cam 32 exhibits a wavy, undulating curve. The wavy surface of the annular cam 32 has two or more evenly distributed protrusions 321. In this embodiment, the lower part of the cam 32 has four protrusions 321. The lifting plate 12 is equipped with the same number of protrusions as the lower part of the cam 32 and four pressure heads 13. The evenly distributed pressure heads 13 corresponding to the protrusions 321 make the lifting plate 12 more evenly stressed. Simultaneously, the multiple protrusions 321 ensure that the lead screw 31 vibrates four times per revolution. This allows for multiple vibrations during the pressing process when the upper mold 21 presses the broken material inside the brick mold 2, significantly improving the uniformity of the material during pressing.
[0048] In specific settings, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper part of the pressing head 13 is equipped with a roller 131, and the pressing head 13 rolls against the pressing surface of the lower part of the cam 32 through the roller 131. In this way, the contact between the pressing head 13 and the bottom surface of the cam 32 is a rolling contact, which reduces the resistance during the operation of the cam 32 driven by the lead screw 31, makes the equipment run more smoothly, improves the brick pressing effect, and also reduces the energy consumption, wear, and service life of the equipment.
[0049] In specific settings, such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a horizontal upper conveyor belt 4 is provided at the bottom left side of the lower frame 1. The brick mold 2 is placed on the upper conveyor belt 4, and the conveying surface of the upper conveyor belt 4 is flush with the placement plane of the brick mold 2 in the lower frame 1. A feeding mechanism for feeding the right-side pressing brick part is provided on the left side of the upper conveyor belt 4. The feeding mechanism includes a left frame 6 provided on the left side of the upper conveyor belt 4. A connecting rod 61 is mounted on the upper part of the left frame 6. A shaft tube 62 that can rotate on its own axis is mounted on the outer diameter of the connecting rod 61. Fixing plates 63 are fixed on both the left and right sides of the shaft tube 62. A counterweight box 64 is fixed on the outer side of the left fixing plate 63.
[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a hopper-shaped fixed hopper 65 is fixed to the outside of the fixed plate 63 on the right. The hopper 65 has a receiving position and a discharging position according to the amount of construction debris inside it. When the hopper 65 is in the receiving position, the bottom surface of the hopper 65 is tilted upward to form the state of receiving material in a hopper. At this time, the top of the hopper 65 is directly opposite the discharge port 10 of the construction debris, and the construction debris falls into the hopper 65. When the torque generated by the weight of the hopper 65 and the material inside it is greater than the torque generated by the counterweight box 64 on the other side, the hopper 65 moves downward. At this time, the hopper 65 is in the discharging position, and the bottom surface of the hopper 65 is tilted downward to form the state of discharging material in a hopper. At this time, the bottom of the hopper 65 is directly opposite the upper opening of the brick mold 2 above the conveyor belt 4, and the debris in the hopper 65 falls into the brick mold.
[0051] This invention involves pouring crushed and mixed materials into a fixed hopper 65. When the weight of the fixed hopper 65 exceeds the total weight of the counterweight box 64 on the left, the fixed hopper 65 descends under the lever principle. At this point, the amount of crushed material inside the fixed hopper 65 is just enough to make one brick. The feeding mechanism can quickly measure the weight of crushed material required for one brick. Utilizing the lever principle, the material mass measurement is completed simultaneously with the rapid descent of the lever, achieving the conversion between the two material states in the fixed hopper. This also completes the process of discharging the crushed material from the outlet of the mixing module to the brick mold on the upper conveyor belt. Traditional brick-making structures use a fixed-volume box to directly load a fixed volume of material, then remove excess material, requiring multiple processes and ensuring uniform overall quality of the brick-making material. However, the brick-making material used in this patent, obtained from construction waste, is not uniform in quality, resulting in uneven weight of bricks produced using traditional methods. The lever structure used in this patent, however, ensures the quality of each brick through complete mass measurement. Meanwhile, the feeding structure of this invention is greatly simplified compared to the corresponding structure in traditional brick pressing. Moreover, the various parts of this patent are automatically completed using the lever principle, eliminating the need for extra moving parts and simplifying the transmission process. This greatly simplifies the brick-making structure and reduces the complexity of the equipment.
[0052] In specific settings, such as Figure 1 As shown, the counterweight box 64 can be a closed structure. The counterweight box 64 is filled with liquid, and the volume of the liquid inside is less than 80% of its capacity, ensuring that the liquid inside the counterweight box 64 can move freely. In this embodiment, by filling the counterweight box 64 with liquid but not completely filling it, the liquid inside the counterweight box 64 continuously vibrates left and right due to the upward movement during the descent of the fixed hopper 65. This creates a scooping action on the fixed hopper 65 at the other end, which helps to shake the broken material in the fixed hopper 65 into the brick mold 2.
[0053] In specific settings, such as Figure 1 and 5 As shown, a scraper 66 is slidably fitted inside the fixed hopper 65, and the scraper 66 is tightly fitted inside the fixed hopper 65. A pusher cylinder 67 is fixed on the left side of the fixed hopper 65, and the output end of the pusher cylinder 67 passes through the fixed hopper 65 and is fixedly connected to the scraper 66. The brick pressing device also includes a blocking mechanism acting above the right fixed plate 63. The blocking mechanism includes a vertical plate 7 set at the rear end of the right fixed plate 63. A blocking cylinder 71 is fixed on the side of the vertical plate 7 adjacent to the right fixed plate 63, and a blocking rod 72 is fixed at the output end of the blocking cylinder 71. A horizontal plate 5 is fixed at the front end of the vertical plate 7, and a proximity sensor 51 is fixed at the top middle of the horizontal plate 5. The proximity sensor 51 is located at the bottom of the right fixed plate 63.
[0054] Before use, the material is first crushed using a crusher and construction waste to meet the requirements for brick making. Then, a mixing device is used to mix the crushed waste with adhesive or binder. In the initial state, the blocking cylinder 71 drives the blocking rod 72 to put it in a retracted state. Under the action of the two fixed plates 63 being the same size and horizontally positioned, the two fixed plates 63 rotate around the shaft tube 62 as the pivot point and above the connecting rod 61. (In the initial state, the weight of the counterweight box 64 itself should be relatively equal to the total weight of the fixed hopper 65 and the structure connected to it, so that the weight on both sides is approximately the same.) Under the action of the lever, the material is kept horizontal. Then, an appropriate amount of counterweight material (liquid water is used in this embodiment) is placed inside the counterweight box 64. The weight of the counterweight material must be equal to the weight of the crushed material required to make one brick. Then, the material is weighed and fed using the lever principle. The crushed and stirred material is discharged into the fixed hopper 65 through the feeding assembly (which includes a feeding pipe and a control valve installed on the feeding pipe). When the weight of the fixed hopper 65 is greater than the total weight of the left counterweight box 64, the fixed hopper 65 will descend under the lever principle. At the same time, the proximity sensor 51 moves the fixed plate 63 downwards. The distance is lowered for detection. When the fixed plate 63 descends to the material dropping angle, the proximity sensor 51 transmits a signal to the control valve (the control valve is electrically connected to the proximity sensor 51), thereby closing the feed pipe and stopping the material feeding. At this time, the broken material inside the fixed hopper 65 is just enough to make one brick. At the same time, the blocking cylinder 71 drives the blocking rod 72 to extend and retract, so that the blocking rod 72 extends and retracts above the fixed plate 63 to block it, preventing it from quickly resetting due to insufficient weight during the material feeding process, which would affect the feeding effect. Under the action of tilting, a large amount of broken material will fall into the lower part of the fixed hopper 65. Inside the brick mold 2 (the brick mold 2 is transported to the discharge position of the fixed hopper 65 after it tilts downwards via the upper conveyor belt 4), the scraper 66 is driven by the pusher cylinder 67 to slide inside the fixed hopper 65. Under the scraping action of the scraper 66, the broken material that has not fallen into the fixed hopper 65 is pushed into the brick mold 2, so that the material can be discharged more thoroughly. Then the brick mold 2 after feeding is conveyed to the U-shaped holding shell 86 above via the upper conveyor belt 4. (After the first brick mold 2 is discharged, a new brick mold 2 is transported again to the discharge position below the fixed hopper 65 via the upper conveyor belt 4 for circulation.)
[0055] This part of the mechanism drives the scraper 66 to slide inside the fixed hopper 65 through the pushing cylinder 67. Under the scraping action of the scraper 66, the scraped material inside the fixed hopper 65 is pushed into the brick mold 2. The use of the pushing cylinder 67 and the scraper 66 makes the feeding process more accurate, ensuring that the scrap falling into the fixed hopper 65 can fall completely into the brick mold 2, further ensuring the standard of the bricks produced by the equipment.
[0056] This invention uses a feeding assembly to discharge crushed and mixed materials into a fixed hopper 65. When the weight of the fixed hopper 65 is greater than the total weight of the counterweight box 64 on the left, the fixed hopper 65 will descend under the lever principle. At the same time, a proximity sensor 51 detects the descent distance of the fixed plate 63. When the fixed plate 63 descends to the material dropping angle, the proximity sensor 51 transmits a signal to the control valve, thereby closing the feed pipe and stopping the material discharge from the outlet 10. At this time, the crushed material inside the fixed hopper 65 is just enough to make one brick. Meanwhile, the blocking cylinder 71 drives the blocking rod 72 to extend and retract, so that the blocking rod 72 extends and retracts above the fixed plate 63 to block it, preventing it from quickly resetting due to insufficient weight during the material discharge process, which would affect the material discharge effect.
[0057] Example 2: Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building debris. The brick-pressing device also includes a conveying mechanism for brick pressing after pressing. The conveying mechanism includes a bottom frame 8 disposed at the bottom of the upper conveyor belt 4. A lifting cylinder 84 is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the bottom frame 8. A piston 85 is fixed at the output end of the lifting cylinder 84. A U-shaped holding shell 86 is fixed at the top of the piston 85. The U-shaped holding shell 86 is perpendicular to the brick mold 2. The U-shaped holding shell 86 is used to hold and support the bricks. In module 2, two linear guide rails 81 are fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the bottom frame 8. Slide seats 82 slide above the two linear guide rails 81. Brick holding seats 83 are fixed to the top of the two slide seats 82, and the brick holding seats 83 are located on the left side of the U-shaped holding shell 86. A brick pushing cylinder 87 is fixed to the right side of the bottom frame 8. The output end of the brick pushing cylinder 87 passes through the bottom frame 8 and is fixed with a push rod 88. A push plate 89 is fixed to one end of the push rod 88. The bottom of the left frame 6 and the vertical plate 7 are both fixed to the bottom frame 8.
[0058] After the brick is pressed, the piston 85 and the connected U-shaped holding shell 86 are lowered by the lifting cylinder 84 into the bottom frame 8. Then, the pusher cylinder 87 drives the push rod 88 and the connected push plate 89 to extend and retract. The extension and retraction of the push plate 89 pushes the brick mold 2 inside the U-shaped holding shell 86 above the brick holding seat 83. Then, the slide block 82 drives the brick holding seat 83 to slide above the linear guide rail 81, thus sliding it out and completing the pressing of a brick. The entire process requires very little manual intervention, which can save labor and manpower. This process is continuous and can quickly complete the pressing and removal of a brick. The whole process reduces the need for manual operation, reduces labor intensity, and reduces the risk of errors.
[0059] Example 3: Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the upper conveyor belt 4 is made of rubber or nylon. A self-rotating vibrating roller 9 is mounted between the upper and lower belts of the conveyor belt. The vibrating roller 9 is connected to the power module. The surface of the vibrating roller 9 is arrayed with lower magnetic blocks 91. The brick mold 2 is made of non-magnetic material. The bottom surface of the brick mold 2 is machined with an array of small holes. Upper magnetic blocks 22 are mounted in the small holes on the bottom surface of the brick mold 2. The outer end of the lower magnetic block 91 of the vibrating roller 9 has the same magnetism as the lower part of the magnetic block 22 on the bottom surface of the brick mold 2. The brick mold 2 passes over the vibrating roller 9 via the upper belt of the upper conveyor belt 4. Specifically, the vibrating roller 9 is mounted between the discharge position of the fixed hopper 65 and the brick pressing position of the lower frame 1. Thus, when the fixed hopper 65 feeds a fixed amount of building debris into the brick mold 2, the brick mold 2, together with the debris inside, is driven by the upper conveyor belt 4 to pass over the vibrating roller 9.
[0060] In this embodiment, a self-rotating vibrating roller 8 is installed inside the upper conveyor belt 4. The surface of the vibrating roller 9 is arrayed with lower magnetic blocks 91, while the lower part of the brick mold 2 is equipped with upper magnetic blocks 22. The vibrating roller 9 is driven to rotate by a power module. In a specific configuration, the end of the vibrating roller 9 is equipped with a gear that is connected to the power module for transmission. Since the outer end of the lower magnetic block 91 of the vibrating roller 9 has the same magnetism as the lower part of the magnetic block 22 on the bottom surface of the brick mold 2, and since like poles repel each other, whenever the lower magnetic block 91 of the rotating vibrating roller 9 is directly opposite the upper magnetic block 22 of the brick mold 2, the upper magnetic block 22 pushes the brick mold 2 upwards. As the vibrating roller 9 drives the lower magnetic block 91 to quickly rotate past the bottom of the brick mold 2, the brick mold 2 causes the broken material inside it to vibrate rapidly. Through the continuous rotation of the vibrating roller 9, the brick mold 2 above the vibrating roller 9 on the upper conveyor belt 4 vibrates continuously, causing the broken material inside the brick mold 2 to be continuously and evenly distributed during the vibration process, thus completing the initial material equalization process. The structure is very simple. It can transmit power through magnetic force and can be driven in the air. In this way, the entire vibrating roller 8 can be set inside the upper conveyor line 4, so that the brick mold 2 can be vibrated and uniformly distributed during the conveying process. This greatly simplifies the overall process structure of the equipment, ensures the compactness of the equipment, and can further improve the uniformity of the crushed material inside the brick mold, thereby improving the final brick pressing quality.
[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A self-feeding progressive brick pressing device for construction waste, comprising a lower frame (1), an upper frame (3) fixed above the lower frame (1), the lower frame (1) comprising two parallel vertical frame plates, a brick mold (2) to be pressed is placed between the two frame plates, construction waste to be pressed is placed inside the brick mold (2), and an upper mold (21) corresponding to the brick mold (2) and capable of pressing the material downward is mounted above the brick mold (2); characterized in that: The upper frame (3) is fitted with a lead screw (31) that moves up and down by rotating on its own axis through a vertical threaded hole. A ring-shaped cam (32) is coaxially fixedly fitted on the lower part of the lead screw (31). A ring-shaped wavy top pressure surface is provided below the cam (32). A horizontal assembly plate (11) is fixed between the two frame plates of the lower frame (1). A lifting plate (12) is mounted on the upper part of the assembly plate (11) by a spring. Two or more annularly distributed top pressure heads (13) corresponding to the lower part of the cam (32) are mounted on the upper part of the lifting plate (12). The upper part of the top pressure head (13) is elastically pressed against the top pressure surface below the annular cam (32). The lifting plate (12) is fixedly assembled with the upper mold (21) through the assembly plate (11) via a vertical pressure shaft (14); A horizontal upper conveyor belt (4) is provided at the bottom left side of the lower frame (1), and the brick mold (2) is placed on the upper conveyor belt (4). The conveying surface of the upper conveyor belt (4) is flush with the placement plane of the brick mold (2) in the lower frame (1). A feeding mechanism is provided on the left side of the upper conveyor belt (4). The feeding mechanism includes a left frame (6) located on the left side of the upper conveyor belt (4). A connecting rod (61) is mounted on the upper part of the left frame (6). A shaft tube (62) that can rotate on its own axis is mounted on the outer diameter of the connecting rod (61). Fixing plates (63) are fixed on both the left and right sides of the shaft tube (62). A counterweight box (64) is fixed on the outer side of the fixing plate (63) on the left side. A hopper (65) in the shape of a winnowing basket is fixed to the outside of the fixed plate (63) on the right side. The hopper (65) has a receiving position and a dumping position according to the amount of building debris inside it. When the hopper (65) is in the receiving position, the bottom surface of the hopper (65) is tilted upward to form the state of the winnowing basket receiving material. At this time, the top of the hopper (65) is directly opposite the outlet (10) of the building debris. The building debris falls into the hopper (65). When the torque generated by the weight of the hopper (65) and the material inside it is greater than the torque generated by the counterweight box (64) on the other side, the hopper (65) moves downward. At this time, the hopper (65) is in the dumping position. The bottom surface of the hopper (65) is tilted downward to form the state of the winnowing basket dumping material. At this time, the bottom of the hopper (65) is directly opposite the top of the brick mold (2) above the conveyor belt (4). The fixed hopper (65) is equipped with a scraper (66) which is slidably fitted inside the fixed hopper (65). The scraper (66) is tightly fitted inside the fixed hopper (65). A pusher cylinder (67) is fixed on the left side of the fixed hopper (65). The output end of the pusher cylinder (67) passes through the fixed hopper (65) and is fixedly connected to the scraper (66). The brick pressing device also includes a blocking mechanism acting above the right-side fixed plate (63); The blocking mechanism includes a vertical plate (7) located at the rear end of the right fixed plate (63). A blocking cylinder (71) is fixed on the side of the vertical plate (7) adjacent to the right fixed plate (63), and a blocking rod (72) is fixed at the output end of the blocking cylinder (71). A horizontal plate (5) is fixed to the front end of the vertical plate (7), and a proximity sensor (51) is fixed at the top middle of the horizontal plate (5), and the proximity sensor (51) is located at the bottom of the fixed plate (63) on the right side.
2. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper frame (3) is provided with two horizontal mounting surfaces. A pressure motor (33) is mounted on the upper mounting surface of the upper frame (3). A vertical threaded hole is machined on the lower mounting surface of the upper frame. The lead screw (31) is mounted in the threaded hole. The lead screw (31) is connected to the downward output shaft of the pressure motor (33). The lead screw (31) and the output shaft of the pressure motor (33) are slidably mounted vertically.
3. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (31) has a vertical sliding hole machined in the middle axial position, and the output shaft of the pressure motor (33) is slidably assembled in the sliding hole.
4. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular cam (32) has two or more evenly distributed protrusions (321) on its wave-like surface. The lifting plate (12) is equipped with a number of top pressure heads (13) corresponding to the number of protrusions on the lower part of the cam (32). The top pressure head (13) is equipped with a roller (131) on its upper part. The top pressure head (13) rolls and presses against the top pressure surface on the lower part of the cam (32) through the roller (131).
5. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight box (64) adopts a closed structure and is filled with liquid. The volume of the liquid in the counterweight box (64) is less than 80% of its capacity.
6. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brick pressing device also includes a conveying mechanism for the bricks after pressing is completed; The conveying mechanism includes a bottom frame (8) located at the bottom of the upper conveyor belt (4). A lifting cylinder (84) is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the bottom frame (8). A piston (85) is fixed at the output end of the lifting cylinder (84). A U-shaped holding shell (86) is fixed at the top of the piston (85). The U-shaped holding shell (86) is perpendicular to the brick mold (2). The U-shaped holding shell (86) is used to hold and support the brick mold (2).
7. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two linear guide rails (81) are fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the bottom frame (8). Slide seats (82) slide above the two linear guide rails (81). A brick-holding seat (83) is fixed to the top of the two slide seats (82), and the brick-holding seat (83) is located on the left side of the U-shaped holding shell (86). A brick-pushing cylinder (87) is fixed to the right side of the bottom frame (8). The output end of the brick-pushing cylinder (87) passes through the bottom frame (8) and is fixed with a push rod (88). A push plate (89) is fixed to one end of the push rod (88).
8. The self-feeding progressive brick-pressing device for building aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt of the upper conveyor belt (4) is made of rubber or nylon. A self-rotating vibrating roller (9) is installed between the upper and lower belts of the upper conveyor belt. The vibrating roller (9) is connected to the power module. The surface of the vibrating roller (9) is arrayed with lower magnetic blocks (91). The brick mold (2) is made of non-magnetic material. The bottom surface of the brick mold (2) is arrayed with upper magnetic blocks (22). The outer end of the lower magnetic block (91) of the vibrating roller (9) has the same magnetism as the lower part of the magnetic block (22) on the bottom surface of the brick mold (2). The brick mold (2) passes over the vibrating roller (9) through the upper belt of the upper conveyor belt (4).