High-brightness polarization insensitive binocular ar glasses

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses, comprising: micro projection unit, including micro light machine and turning prism, the exit pupil position of micro light machine corresponds with the incident end surface of turning prism, and turning prism is used to deflect the projection light emitted by micro light machine;Diffractive optical waveguide unit includes waveguide plate and is uniformly attached on the waveguide plate on the in-coupling element, the first turning element, the second turning element, the first out-coupling element and the second out-coupling element, wherein: in-coupling element is first binary grating and is provided with high fold conformal film layer, for the projection light after deflection of turning prism is coupled into waveguide plate;Each turning element and out-coupling element one-to-one correspondence, for the projection light of waveguide plate is expanded after coupling and is transmitted to corresponding out-coupling element;Each out-coupling element is second binary grating, for the projection light after expansion is coupled to human eye.The device has the characteristics of low cost, high brightness, polarization-insensitive, can improve user experience, adapt to different micro light machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of AR display technology, specifically relating to a high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses. Background Technology

[0002] AR glasses consist of two parts: a micro-light engine and an optical waveguide. The micro-light engine has various display technologies and can provide polarized or unpolarized images to the optical waveguide. The diffractive optical waveguide is thin, light-transmitting, has a large eye movement range, a large eye distance, and a large field of view. It can also be mass-produced using semiconductor processing technology for mastering and nanoimprint technology for mass replication, thus effectively reducing costs. It is currently the mainstream solution in AR glasses.

[0003] Currently, one approach to binocular AR glasses consists of two micro-light engines (left and right) and corresponding diffractive waveguides (left and right), providing virtual images for the left and right eyes. The coupling gratings can be high-efficiency tilted gratings, blazed gratings, or stepped gratings, which can efficiently couple the light output from the micro-light engine into the waveguides, transmit it based on total internal reflection, and then enter the eyes through extension and output gratings. Another approach uses a single micro-light engine, with the left and right eye waveguides as a single unit. By using a shared coupling grating, the light output from the micro-light engine is coupled into the corresponding waveguides for each eye, transmits it based on total internal reflection, and finally enters the eyes through extension and output gratings.

[0004] In current binocular AR glasses solutions based on diffractive waveguides, the first solution uses a coupling grating with high coupling efficiency, such as tilted gratings, blazed gratings, and stepped gratings, which can improve the overall efficiency of the diffractive waveguide. However, each eye requires a separate micro-optical engine and diffractive waveguide sheet to assemble a binocular AR glasses set. Micro-optical engines are expensive in AR glasses, so using dual optical engines results in a higher overall cost for binocular AR glasses, which is not conducive to the promotion of AR glasses in the C-end market (consumer market). The second solution uses a single coupling grating for the entire AR glasses, so the coupling grating must be a binary grating to ensure that the coupling efficiency of the diffractive waveguide sheets for the left and right eyes is the same. This solution can save one micro-optical engine and has a lower overall cost compared to the first solution. However, due to the use of a binary grating, its coupling efficiency is lower, resulting in a much lower brightness of the AR glasses compared to the first solution, making it unusable in bright environments. Meanwhile, in both of the above-mentioned schemes, the coupling grating generally uses a one-dimensional grating, such as a tilted grating, a blazed grating, or a binary grating. These gratings are generally sensitive to polarization. Furthermore, different types of micro-light engines can output polarized or unpolarized light; simultaneously, the polarization state of the beam changes as it propagates within the optical waveguide and interacts with the grating. Finally, when interacting with the one-dimensional grating in the coupling region, the resulting light includes linearly polarized, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized, and unpolarized light, leading to reduced brightness uniformity and efficiency of the coupled image. Therefore, a high-brightness, polarization-insensitive, and low-cost binocular AR glasses are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by proposing a high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses, which features low cost, high brightness, and polarization insensitivity, thereby improving the user experience and being compatible with different types of micro-optical machines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention proposes a high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses, comprising a micro-projection unit and a diffractive waveguide unit, wherein:

[0008] The micro-projection unit includes a micro-optical engine and a deflection prism. The exit pupil of the micro-optical engine is positioned corresponding to the incident end face of the deflection prism. The deflection prism is used to deflect the projection light emitted by the micro-optical engine.

[0009] A diffractive waveguide unit includes a waveguide plate and coupling elements, a first bend element, a second bend element, a first output element, and a second output element, all attached to the waveguide plate, wherein:

[0010] Waveguide plate, with a thickness of 0.3mm to 1.2mm and a refractive index of 1.6 to 2.5;

[0011] The coupling element is a first binary grating with a period of 300nm to 500nm, and a high-refractive-index conformal film layer is provided on the side away from the waveguide plate. The thickness of the high-refractive-index conformal film layer is 10nm to 80nm and the refractive index is greater than 2.0. The coupling element is also set in correspondence with the exit end of the deflection prism to couple the projected light after the deflection prism into the waveguide plate for total internal reflection.

[0012] Each turning element corresponds one-to-one with a coupling element, and is used to expand the projected light rays entering the waveguide plate and transmit them to the corresponding coupling element.

[0013] Each coupled element corresponds one-to-one with the human eye, forming a second binary grating with periods in the Px and Py directions. The Py direction period is 300nm–500nm, and the Px direction period is P… x satisfy Where λ is the wavelength, n i n is the refractive index of the incident medium, with a value ranging from 1.6 to 2.5. s The refractive index of the corresponding coupling element is set to 1.6 to 2.5, and each coupling element is used to couple the extended projection light out of the waveguide plate and into the human eye.

[0014] Preferably, the micro-projection unit further includes a polarization unit for eliminating ghosting, the polarization unit being located at the incident end face or the exit end face of the deflection prism.

[0015] Preferably, the polarization unit is a circular polarizer or a quarter-wave plate.

[0016] Preferably, the waveguide plate is formed by processing glass wafers or polymer resin wafers.

[0017] Preferably, both the first and second transition elements are extended gratings.

[0018] Preferably, the high-refractive-index conformal film layer is made of one of TiO2, Ta2O5, or ZrO2.

[0019] Preferably, the coupled element is a one-dimensional surface relief grating with several periodically distributed polygonal grating ridges, a high-refractive-index conformal film layer covering each polygonal grating ridge, and the thickness of each side of the polygonal grating ridge is the same or different.

[0020] Preferably, each coupling element is a two-dimensional rectangular grating or a two-dimensional elliptical grating.

[0021] Preferably, the micro-optical engine is one of the following: DLP optical engine, Micro LED optical engine, LCOS optical engine, and LBS optical engine.

[0022] Preferably, the micro-projection unit and the human eye are located on the same side or opposite side of the diffraction waveguide unit.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] Compared to existing technologies, this application improves the coupling elements and coupling elements, and adds polarization units to the incident or exit faces of the deflection prism. This increases the brightness of the coupling, reduces the polarization sensitivity of the coupling, and eliminates ghosting between the micro-projection unit and the diffraction waveguide unit. Specifically, by using a high-refractive-index conformal film layer on the coupling element in the coupling region, both the coupling efficiency and uniformity are effectively improved. Furthermore, since the micro-projection unit may be of different types of optical engines, its output light may be linearly polarized, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized, or unpolarized. After interaction with the grating and during total internal reflection, the polarization changes, resulting in changes in the polarization of the output light in the coupling region. Light contains various polarization states. If a polarization-sensitive grating is used, the coupling efficiency will change significantly, thus affecting the brightness uniformity of the coupled image. Therefore, by using a binary grating with a preset period in the coupling region, the efficiency of the grating is greatly reduced to be polarization-sensitive when different polarized light is incident. For example, the polarization sensitivity of the coupling order (T-1) and the extended order (R0) is effectively reduced, further improving the uniformity of the coupled image. This results in a low-cost, high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR diffraction waveguide unit that can be adapted to different types of micro-optical engines to meet the needs of C-end consumers and improve the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the micro-projection unit of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diffractive waveguide unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling element of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the variation of coupling efficiency of existing coupling elements for different colors of light at different incident angles.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the variation of coupling efficiency of different colors of light by the coupling element of the present invention at different incident angles;

[0031] Figure 7 The diagram shows the T-1 order efficiency variation of existing coupling elements in different polarization states at different incident angles.

[0032] Figure 8The diagram shows the R0 order efficiency variation of existing coupling elements in different polarization states at different incident angles.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the coupling element is a two-dimensional rectangular grating;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the coupling element is a two-dimensional elliptical grating;

[0035] Figure 11 The diagram shows the T-1 order efficiency variation of the coupling element of the present invention under different incident angles for each polarization state.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a graph showing the R0 order efficiency variation of the coupling element of the present invention under different incident angles for each polarization state.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Micro-projection unit; 2. Diffractive waveguide unit; 3. Human eye; 11. Conversion prism; 12. Micro-optomechanical system; 21. Waveguide plate; 22. Coupled element; 23. First conversion element; 24. Second conversion element; 25. First coupling element; 26. Second coupling element; 201. First binary grating; 202. High-refractive-index conformal film layer. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figure 1-12 As shown, a high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses includes a micro-projection unit 1 and a diffraction waveguide unit 2, wherein:

[0043] The micro-projection unit 1 includes a micro-optical engine 12 and a deflection prism 11. The exit pupil position of the micro-optical engine 12 is set to correspond to the incident end face of the deflection prism 11. The deflection prism 11 is used to deflect the projection light emitted by the micro-optical engine 12.

[0044] The diffractive waveguide unit 2 includes a waveguide plate 21 and coupling elements 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26, all attached to the waveguide plate, wherein:

[0045] Waveguide plate 21 has a thickness of 0.3mm to 1.2mm and a refractive index of 1.6 to 2.5;

[0046] The coupling element 22 is a first binary grating 201 with a period of 300nm to 500nm, and a high-refractive-index conformal film layer 202 is provided on the side away from the waveguide plate 21. The thickness of the high-refractive-index conformal film layer is 10nm to 80nm and the refractive index is greater than 2.0. The coupling element 22 is also arranged corresponding to the exit end face of the deflection prism 11 to couple the projected light after the deflection prism 11 into the waveguide plate 21 for total internal reflection.

[0047] Each turning element corresponds to a coupling element and is used to expand the projected light rays coupled into the waveguide plate 21 and transmit them to the corresponding coupling element.

[0048] Each coupled element corresponds one-to-one with the human eye 3, and is a second binary grating with a period in the Px direction and a period in the Py direction. The period in the Py direction is 300nm~500nm, and the period in the Px direction is P... x satisfy Where λ is the wavelength, n i n is the refractive index of the incident medium, with a value ranging from 1.6 to 2.5. s The refractive index of the corresponding coupling element is taken as 1.6 to 2.5, and each coupling element is used to couple the extended projection light out of the waveguide plate 21 and into the human eye 3.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the binocular AR glasses include a micro-projection unit 1 and a diffraction waveguide unit 2. The micro-projection unit 1 includes a deflection prism 11 and a micro-optical engine 12. The micro-optical engine 12 can output virtual content with high brightness, high uniformity, and high imaging quality. The deflection prism 11 can deflect the output virtual content by a preset angle. For example, if the deflection prism 11 uses a right-angle deflection prism to deflect the projection light emitted by the micro-optical engine 12 by 90°, it will enter the diffraction waveguide unit 2. Figure 2As shown. Simultaneously, the incident end face of the deflection prism 11 corresponds to the micro-optomechanical system 12, and the exit end face of the direct deflection prism 11 corresponds to the coupling element 22 of the diffraction waveguide unit 2. The micro-projection unit 1 can output virtual images or virtual videos, which are coupled out through the diffraction waveguide unit 2 and enter the human eye 3, allowing the human eye to see real-world scenes while observing virtual content.

[0050] The diffractive waveguide unit 2 includes a waveguide plate 21 with a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm and a refractive index between 1.6 and 2.5, and coupling elements 22, a first bend element 23, a second bend element 24, a first output element 25, and a second output element 26 on the waveguide plate 21, as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Waveguide plates are widely used due to their thinness, high light transmittance, large eye movement range, large inter-eye distance, and large field of view, such as light transmittance >80%, eye movement range >10×8mm, and inter-eye distance >15mm. Compared with the coupling elements in the prior art, in order to improve coupling efficiency and uniformity, the coupling element 22 of this binocular AR glasses preferably uses a binary grating, such as a surface relief diffraction grating, to ensure that the T+1 order and T-1 order generated have the same energy. The period of the coupling element 22 is along the horizontal direction (X direction), that is, in the same direction as the Px direction of the coupling element, and the period Pin is between 300nm and 500nm. A high-refractive-index film layer (i.e., high-refractive-index conformal film layer 202) of a certain thickness and conformal properties is deposited on the binary grating 201 using the ALD (atomic layer deposition) method. The high-refractive-index conformal film layer is made of a material with a very high refractive index, such as a material with a refractive index greater than 2.0. The film layer structure with the same shape as the grating is deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology. The material is TiO2, Ta2O5 or ZrO2, etc. The thickness T is preferably between 10nm and 80nm and the refractive index is 2.2-2.8, thereby improving the coupling efficiency and uniformity of different wavelengths.

[0051] Figure 5 When using existing binary gratings (uncoated) as coupling elements, the coupling efficiency and uniformity of different colors of light (blue-green-red) are measured at incident angles of -14° to 14°. The average efficiency (Efficiency@460nm) of blue light is 22.12%, the average efficiency (Efficiency@530nm) of green light is 5.7%, and the average efficiency (Efficiency@620nm) of red light is 13.88%. The uniformity of blue light is 76%, the uniformity of green light is 13.8%, and the uniformity of red light is 71.55%.

[0052] Figure 6When using the binary grating (coated) of this application as the coupling element, the coupling efficiency and uniformity of different colors of light (blue light-green light-red light) are measured at incident angles of -14° to 14°. The average efficiency (Efficiency@460nm) of blue light is 33.4%, the average efficiency (Efficiency@530nm) of green light is 16%, and the average efficiency (Efficiency@620nm) of red light is 24%. The uniformity of blue light is 13.4%, the uniformity of green light is 27.4%, and the uniformity of red light is 16.5%.

[0053] Uniformity is defined as UE = (Emax - Emin) / (Emax + Emin), where Emax is the maximum efficiency within the incident angle range at the preset wavelength, and Emin is the minimum efficiency within the incident angle range at the preset wavelength. A lower uniformity value is better. In summary, compared with existing technologies, this application uses a coated binary grating, which improves coupling efficiency by an average of approximately 10% and uniformity by an average of approximately 55%. By using a high-refractive-index conformal coating, coupling efficiency and uniformity can be effectively improved.

[0054] In traditional schemes, the first coupling element 25 and the second coupling element 26 typically employ a one-dimensional (1D) periodic diffraction grating. By utilizing the R0 and T-1 orders of the one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, the projection light of the image is extended and coupled out of the waveguide plate 21 and into the human eye 3. However, the one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating is quite sensitive to polarization; its efficiency will vary significantly under different polarization states. Figure 7 and Figure 8 To investigate the efficiency variations of the T-1 and R0 orders of a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating under different polarization states, including Ex polarization (X-direction polarization), Ey polarization (Y-direction polarization), circular polarization, and ellipsoidal polarization, at a given incident angle. Figure 7 In the diagram, OG-1D-T-1Ex T[-1;0] represents the -1st order of X-direction polarized transmission under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, OG-1D-T-1Ey T[-1;0] represents the -1st order of Y-direction polarized transmission under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, OG-1D-T-1Ecir T[-1;0] represents the -1st order of circularly polarized transmission under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, and OG-1D-T-1Eell T[-1;0] represents the -1st order of elliptically polarized transmission under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating. Figure 8In the diagram, OG-1D-R0 Ex R[0;0] represents the 0th order of X-direction polarized reflection under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, OG-1D-R0 Ey R[0;0] represents the 0th order of Y-direction polarized reflection under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, OG-1D-R0 Ecir R[0;0] represents the 0th order of circularly polarized reflection under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating, and OG-1D-R0 Eell R[0;0] represents the 0th order of elliptically polarized reflection under a one-dimensional periodic diffraction grating.

[0055] Figure 7 The variation of the efficiency of the 1D coupling element at order T-1 under different polarization states is shown. Figure 8 The variation of the R0-order efficiency of the 1D coupling element under different polarization states is shown. Figure 7 It can be seen that when Ex-polarized light and Ey-polarized light are incident at -34°, the maximum difference in coupling efficiency is about 23%; Figure 8 It can be seen that when Ex-polarized light and Ey-polarized light are incident at -34°, the maximum difference in coupling efficiency is about 43%.

[0056] Since the micro-projection unit 1 may be a different type of optical engine, its output light may be linearly polarized, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized, or unpolarized. After interacting with the grating and during total internal reflection, the polarization will change. The light in the coupling region contains various polarization states. If a polarization-sensitive one-dimensional grating is used, the coupling efficiency will change significantly, which will affect the brightness uniformity of the coupled image. Therefore, a polarization-insensitive grating needs to be used in the coupling region to improve the uniformity of the coupled image.

[0057] Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are schematic diagrams of two types of 2D gratings (XY plane) for coupling elements. The period in the Py direction is generally between 300nm and 500nm to ensure the generation of the zeroth order and the first diffraction order. The period in the Px direction generally needs to meet certain conditions. This ensures that only the zeroth order exists. Where λ is the wavelength, and n... i Let n be the refractive index of the incident medium. s To determine the refractive index of the corresponding coupling element, n i Generally between 1.6 and 2.5, n s The values ​​are generally between 1.6 and 2.5, and they can be the same or different. The Py and Px directions are perpendicular to each other.

[0058] Figure 11 The variation of the efficiency of the 2D coupling element at order T-1 under different polarization states is shown. Figure 12 The variation of the R0 order efficiency of the 2D coupling element under different polarization states is shown. Figure 11Using a 2D grating as the coupling element, when the Px and Py direction periods satisfy the above conditions, the incident light has different polarization states. The change in efficiency of the T-1 order at different incident angles shows that the maximum efficiency deviation is about 2.3%, corresponding to the Ex polarization state and the Ey polarization state when the incident angle is -34°. In the figure, Ex T[-1; 0] represents the X-direction polarization transmission -1 order under the 2D grating, Ey T[-1; 0] represents the Y-direction polarization transmission -1 order under the 2D grating, Ecir T[-1; 0] represents the circular polarization transmission -1 order under the 2D grating, and Eell T[-1; 0] represents the elliptical polarization transmission -1 order under the 2D grating. Figure 12 Using the same 2D grating as the coupling element, when the Px and Py direction periods meet the above conditions, the incident light has different polarization states. The change in the efficiency of the R0 order at different incident angles shows that the maximum efficiency deviation is about 3%, corresponding to the Ex polarization state and the Ey polarization state when the incident angle is -54°. In the figure, OG-2D-R0 Ex R[0;0] represents the 0th order of X-direction polarized reflection under the 2D grating, OG-2D-R0Ey R[0;0] represents the 0th order of Y-direction polarized reflection under the 2D grating, OG-2D-R0 Ecir R[0;0] represents the 0th order of circularly polarized reflection under the 2D grating, and OG-2D-R0 Eell R[0;0] represents the 0th order of elliptically polarized reflection under the 2D grating.

[0059] In summary, based on Figure 5 and Figure 6 The results demonstrate that in the coupling region, the efficiency and uniformity of the binary grating are effectively improved after high-refractive-index layer deposition using ALD technology; according to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 The results show that in the coupling region, after using a 2D grating, its efficiency is greatly reduced in terms of polarization sensitivity when different polarized light is incident. For example, the polarization sensitivity of the coupling order (T-1) and the extended order (R0) is effectively reduced, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the coupled image.

[0060] In one embodiment, the micro-projection unit 1 further includes a polarization unit for eliminating ghosting, the polarization unit being located at the incident or exit end face of the deflection prism 11. The polarization unit enables ghosting elimination, resulting in better imaging performance.

[0061] In one embodiment, the polarization unit is a circular polarizer or a quarter-wave plate. Alternatively, it can be replaced with other structures with the same function that are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0062] In one embodiment, the waveguide plate 21 is formed using glass wafers or polymer resin wafers. That is, the waveguide plate 21 can be made of glass wafers or polymer resin wafers, and has the characteristics of being thin, light-transmitting, and having high light transmittance.

[0063] In one embodiment, both the first transition element 25 and the second transition element 26 are extended gratings, such as one-dimensional extended gratings.

[0064] In one embodiment, the high-refractive-index conformal film layer 202 is made of one of TiO2, Ta2O5, or ZrO2. Alternatively, it may be made of other materials with high refractive indices as known in the prior art.

[0065] In one embodiment, the coupling element 22 is a one-dimensional surface relief grating with several periodically distributed polygonal grating ridges. A high-refractive-index conformal film layer 202 covers each polygonal grating ridge, and the thickness of each side of the polygonal grating ridge may be the same or different. For example, if the coupling element 22 is a rectangular grating, T1 is the film thickness of the left side wall of the rectangular grating, T2 is the film thickness of the top wall of the rectangular grating, T3 is the film thickness of the right side wall of the rectangular grating, and T4 is the film thickness of the bottom wall of the rectangular grating. The film thickness on different side walls can be the same or different, preferably 5nm to 70nm. Figure 4 As shown.

[0066] In one embodiment, each coupling element is a two-dimensional rectangular grating or a two-dimensional elliptical grating. It is readily understood that each coupling element can also be a two-dimensional grating of any other shape, such as a rhombus or a cross.

[0067] In one embodiment, the micro-optomechanism 12 is one of a DLP optomechanism, a Micro LED optomechanism, an LCOS optomechanism, or an LBS optomechanism.

[0068] In one embodiment, the micro-projection unit 1 and the human eye 3 are located on opposite sides of the diffractive waveguide unit 2. When they are on opposite sides, the coupling order used by each coupling element can be the R-1 order.

[0069] Example 2:

[0070] like Figure 13 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the difference lies in that the micro-projection unit 1 and the human eye 3 are located on the same side of the diffractive waveguide unit 2. When they are on the same side, the coupling order used by each coupling element can be T-1 order.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely specific and detailed examples of the embodiments described in this application, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses, characterized in that: The high-brightness, polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses include a micro-projection unit and a diffractive waveguide unit, wherein: The micro-projection unit includes a micro-optical engine and a deflection prism. The exit pupil of the micro-optical engine is positioned corresponding to the incident end face of the deflection prism. The deflection prism is used to deflect the projection light emitted by the micro-optical engine. The diffractive waveguide unit includes a waveguide plate and coupling elements, a first bend element, a second bend element, a first output element, and a second output element, all attached to the waveguide plate, wherein: The waveguide plate has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.2 mm and a refractive index of 1.6 to 2.

5. The coupling element is a first binary grating with a period of 300nm to 500nm, and a high-refractive-index conformal film layer is provided on the side away from the waveguide plate. The thickness of the high-refractive-index conformal film layer is 10nm to 80nm and the refractive index is greater than 2.

0. The coupling element is also arranged correspondingly to the exit end face of the deflection prism, and is used to couple the projected light after the deflection prism into the waveguide plate for total internal reflection. Each of the aforementioned turning elements corresponds one-to-one with the coupling element, and is used to expand the projected light rays coupled into the waveguide plate and transmit them to the corresponding coupling element; Each of the aforementioned coupling elements corresponds one-to-one with the human eye, and is a second binary grating with a Px direction period and a Py direction period, wherein the Py direction period is 300nm to 500nm, and the Px direction period is P... x satisfy Where λ is the wavelength, n i n is the refractive index of the incident medium, with a value ranging from 1.6 to 2.

5. s The refractive index of the corresponding coupling element is taken as 1.6 to 2.5, and each coupling element is used to couple the extended projection light out of the waveguide plate and into the human eye.

2. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-projection unit also includes a polarization unit for eliminating ghosting, the polarization unit being located at the incident end face or the exit end face of the deflection prism.

3. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The polarization unit is a circular polarizer or a quarter-wave plate.

4. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide plate is formed by processing glass wafers or polymer resin wafers.

5. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second transition elements are extended gratings.

6. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-refractive-index conformal film is made of one of TiO2, Ta2O5, or ZrO2.

7. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling element is a one-dimensional surface relief grating with several periodically distributed polygonal grating ridges. The high-refractive-index conformal film layer covers each of the polygonal grating ridges, and the thickness of each side of the polygonal grating ridge is the same or different.

8. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the coupling elements is a two-dimensional rectangular grating or a two-dimensional elliptical grating.

9. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-optomechanism is one of the following: DLP optomechanism, Micro LED optomechanism, LCOS optomechanism, or LBS optomechanism.

10. The high-brightness polarization-insensitive binocular AR glasses as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-projection unit and the human eye are located on the same side or opposite side of the diffraction waveguide unit.

Images