A kind of bathroom ceramics and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of ceramic technology, specifically relating to a sanitary ceramic, its preparation method, and its application. The sanitary ceramic comprises a household ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials, by weight: vein quartz; wollastonite; pyrophyllite; baddeleyite; diopside; zirconium oxide; boron carbide fiber; polyvinyl alcohol; and water. By combining the components of the glaze layer, the present invention significantly improves the wear resistance and bending strength of the sanitary ceramic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ceramic technology, and more specifically, relates to a sanitary ceramic and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sanitary ceramics are large in size, heavy in mass, and have complex and diverse structures. The production process consumes a lot of raw and auxiliary materials, water, energy, and labor costs. It is more urgent to strengthen the intelligent manufacturing of ceramic sanitary ware to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction in production. In addition, the mechanical properties of sanitary ceramics are poor, and it is necessary to develop sanitary ceramics with excellent mechanical properties.

[0003] CN115448596A discloses a zirconia-based bathroom ceramic and a preparation method thereof. The ceramic comprises a body and a glaze layer; the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2030 parts of zirconia@MoS2 core-shell particles, 812 parts of kaolin, 36 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of sodium feldspar, 35 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 510 parts of dolomite, 24 parts of zinc oxide, 48 parts of aluminum oxide, 0.51 parts of hafnium nitride, 13 parts of metal powder, 24 parts of organic silicon polymer, 36 parts of organic polyzirconium precursor, 2030 parts of POSS sol, 510 parts of ethylene glycol, and 5060 parts of water. The bathroom ceramic prepared by the present invention has good anti-pollution performance and glossiness, and has broad market application prospects.

[0004] CN115594403A discloses an antibacterial, easy-to-clean glaze, sanitary ceramics, and a method for preparing the sanitary ceramics. The glaze is sprayed onto the surface of the white glaze layer of the sanitary ceramics. The raw materials for the glaze, calculated by mass percentage, include: quartz powder, wollastonite, potassium feldspar powder, a nano-zinc oxide antibacterial agent, and a silver ion antibacterial agent. The glaze has a 10 μm particle size accumulation ratio of 70-90 wt%. The glaze has a long-term antibacterial effect. After firing, the glaze forms a glassy glaze layer on the surface of the white glaze layer. The glaze also has an easy-to-clean effect, allowing dirt to be easily cleaned by rinsing with water. The method for preparing sanitary ceramics using the antibacterial, easy-to-clean glaze for sanitary ceramics proposed in the present invention features simple equipment, convenient operation, and low manufacturing costs. The sanitary ceramics using the antibacterial, easy-to-clean glaze meet the required antibacterial rate and exhibit good easy-to-clean properties.

[0005] CN106673633A discloses an antibacterial sanitary ceramic product and a preparation method thereof, comprising a green body and a glaze. The green body comprises raw materials of talc, kaolin, anorthite, bauxite, muscovite, ilmenite, wollastonite, chlorite, and silicon nitride; and the glaze comprises raw materials of talc, anorthite, borax, zirconium silicate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and nano-silver. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving the green body raw materials to obtain green body raw materials; wet ball milling the green body raw materials, allowing them to stand and age, slip casting, demolding, drying, and bisque firing to obtain a green body; mixing talc, anorthite, and borax, crushing them, adding nano-silver and dilute nitric acid, drying, and then adding zirconium silicate, titanium dioxide, and zinc oxide to obtain a glaze; wet ball milling the glaze, allowing it to stand and age, and then spraying it on the green body surface to obtain a product to be fired; and glaze firing the product to obtain the antibacterial sanitary ceramic product. The antibacterial sanitary ceramic product prepared by the invention has good weather resistance, antibacterial property and low water absorption rate.

[0006] In summary, the mechanical properties of bathroom ceramics can be improved by changing the composition of ceramic raw materials, but the existing solutions are too simple, so new solutions need to be developed to obtain bathroom ceramics with excellent mechanical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art by providing a sanitary ceramic, its preparation method, and its application. The sanitary ceramic comprises a household ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials, by weight: vein quartz; wollastonite; pyrophyllite; baddeleyite; diopside; zirconium oxide; boron carbide fiber; polyvinyl alcohol; and water. By combining the components of the glaze layer, the present invention significantly improves the wear resistance and bending strength of the sanitary ceramic.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a sanitary ceramic.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing bathroom ceramics.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of sanitary ceramics.

[0011] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A sanitary ceramic, comprising a daily-use ceramic body and a glaze layer, wherein the glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0013] 30-50 parts of vein quartz; 20-40 parts of wollastonite; 15-25 parts of pyrophyllite; 5-15 parts of baddeleyite; 4-8 parts of diopside; 3-7 parts of zirconium oxide; 2-6 parts of boron carbide fiber; 4-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol 2000; and 25-35 parts of water.

[0014] Preferably, the zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the nano-zirconia is composed of particles with particle sizes of 20-40 nm and 120-160 nm; the length of the zirconia nanofibers is 60-100 nm, and the aspect ratio is 30-50:1.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the zirconium oxide with a particle size of 20-40 nm, the zirconium oxide with a particle size of 120-160 nm, and the zirconium oxide nanofibers is 2-4:1-3:4-8.

[0016] Preferably, the particle size of the vein quartz is 40-80 μm; the particle size of the wollastonite is 60-100 μm; and the particle size of the pyrophyllite is 50-90 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the particle size of the baddeleyite is 30-70 μm; the particle size of the diopside is 100-140 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the boron carbide fiber has a length of 40-80 nm and an aspect ratio of 20-40:1.

[0019] A method for preparing sanitary ceramics as described above includes the following steps:

[0020] 1) Preparation of bathroom ceramic bodies:

[0021] 2) Weighing by weight: vein quartz, wollastonite, pyrophyllite, baddeleyite, diopside and water respectively into a ball mill and mixing;

[0022] 3) then adding zirconium oxide, boron carbide fiber and polyvinyl alcohol 2000 into the ball mill and continuing ball milling for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain a glaze;

[0023] 4) applying the glaze to the surface of the bathroom ceramic body obtained in step 1), and drying the body naturally to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body;

[0024] 5) The glazed daily-use ceramic body is sintered and then cooled in the furnace to obtain bathroom ceramics.

[0025] Preferably, in step (2), the ball milling time is 8 to 14 hours, and the ball milling speed is 300 to 500 r / min.

[0026] Preferably, the sintering treatment is to heat the temperature from room temperature to 400-600°C at a heating rate of 2-4°C / min and keep it for 2-4 hours, then heat the temperature to 700-900°C at a heating rate of 4-6°C / min and keep it for 1-3 hours; then heat the temperature to 1350-1450°C at 8-12°C and sinter for 2-4 hours; cool the temperature to 600-800°C and keep it for 3-7 hours.

[0027] Based on the application of the above-mentioned bathroom ceramics in the bathroom field.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) Through the mutual coordination of raw materials, the wear resistance and bending resistance of bathroom ceramics can be significantly improved;

[0030] (2) By controlling the particle size of zirconia and the interaction between zirconia nanofibers, the wear resistance and bending resistance of bathroom ceramics can be improved;

[0031] (3) The preparation process of the present invention is simple, the mechanical properties of the sanitary ceramics are excellent, and it has good application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, which, however, are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, and equipment in the art.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples were commercially available.

[0034] Example 1 A sanitary ceramic comprises a daily-use ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0035] 50 parts of vein quartz; 20 parts of wollastonite; 25 parts of pyrophyllite; 5 parts of baddeleyite; 8 parts of diopside; 3 parts of zirconium oxide; 6 parts of boron carbide fiber; 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol 2000; 35 parts of water;

[0036] The zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the nano-zirconia is composed of particles with a diameter of 40 nm and 120 nm; the length of the zirconia nanofiber is 100 nm, and the aspect ratio is 50:1; the mass ratio of the zirconia with a particle size of 40 nm and the zirconia with a particle size of 120 nm to the zirconia nanofibers is 4:1:8;

[0037] The particle size of the vein quartz is 80 μm; the particle size of the wollastonite is 60 μm; the particle size of the pyrophyllite is 90 μm; the particle size of the baddeleyite is 30 μm; and the particle size of the diopside is 140 μm.

[0038] The boron carbide fiber has a length of 80 nm and an aspect ratio of 40:1;

[0039] The preparation method of the bathroom ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0040] 1) Preparation of bathroom ceramic bodies:

[0041] 2) Weighing vein quartz, wollastonite, pyrophyllite, baddeleyite, diopside and water in parts by weight, placing them in a ball mill and mixing them by ball milling; in step (2), the ball milling time is 8 h, and the ball milling speed is 500 r / min.

[0042] 3) adding zirconium oxide, boron carbide fiber, and polyvinyl alcohol 2000 to the ball mill and continuing ball milling for 40 minutes to obtain a glaze;

[0043] 4) applying the glaze to the surface of the bathroom ceramic body obtained in step 1), and drying the body naturally to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body;

[0044] 5) The glazed domestic ceramic body is heated from room temperature to 600° C. at a heating rate of 4° C. / min and held for 2 h, then heated to 900° C. at a heating rate of 6° C. / min and held for 1 h; then heated to 1450° C. at a heating rate of 12° C. and sintered for 2 h; cooled to 800° C. and held for 3 h; and then cooled in the furnace to obtain a sanitary ceramic.

[0045] Example 2 A sanitary ceramic comprises a daily-use ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0046] 40 parts of vein quartz; 30 parts of wollastonite; 20 parts of pyrophyllite; 10 parts of baddeleyite; 6 parts of diopside; 5 parts of zirconium oxide; 4 parts of boron carbide fiber; 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol 2000; 30 parts of water;

[0047] The zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the nano-zirconia is composed of particles with a diameter of 30 nm and 140 nm; the length of the zirconia nanofiber is 80 nm, and the aspect ratio is 40:1; the mass ratio of the zirconia with a particle size of 30 nm and the zirconia with a particle size of 140 nm to the zirconia nanofibers is 3:2:6;

[0048] The particle size of the vein quartz is 60 μm; the particle size of the wollastonite is 80 μm; the particle size of the pyrophyllite is 70 μm; the particle size of the baddeleyite is 50 μm; and the particle size of the diopside is 120 μm.

[0049] The boron carbide fiber has a length of 60 nm and an aspect ratio of 30:1;

[0050] The preparation method of the bathroom ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0051] 1) Preparation of bathroom ceramic bodies:

[0052] 2) Weighing vein quartz, wollastonite, pyrophyllite, baddeleyite, diopside and water in parts by weight, placing them in a ball mill and mixing them by ball milling; in step (2), the ball milling time is 12 h, and the ball milling speed is 400 r / min.

[0053] 3) then adding zirconium oxide, boron carbide fiber and polyvinyl alcohol 2000 into the ball mill and continuing ball milling for 30 minutes to obtain a glaze;

[0054] 4) applying the glaze to the surface of the bathroom ceramic body obtained in step 1), and drying the body naturally to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body;

[0055] 5) The glazed daily-use ceramic body is heated from room temperature to 500° C. at a heating rate of 3° C. / min and held for 3 h, then heated to 800° C. at a heating rate of 5° C. / min and held for 2 h; then heated to 1400° C. at a heating rate of 10° C. and sintered for 3 h; cooled to 700° C. and held for 5 h; and then cooled in the furnace to obtain a sanitary ceramic.

[0056] Example 3 A sanitary ceramic comprises a daily-use ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0057] 30 parts of vein quartz; 40 parts of wollastonite; 15 parts of pyrophyllite; 15 parts of baddeleyite; 4 parts of diopside; 7 parts of zirconium oxide; 2 parts of boron carbide fiber; 20008 parts of polyvinyl alcohol; 25 parts of water;

[0058] The zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the nano-zirconia is composed of particles with a diameter of 20 nm and 160 nm; the length of the zirconia nanofibers is 60 nm, and the aspect ratio is 30:1; the mass ratio of the zirconia with a particle size of 20 nm and the zirconia with a particle size of 160 nm to the zirconia nanofibers is 2:3:4;

[0059] The particle size of the vein quartz is 40 μm; the particle size of the wollastonite is 100 μm; the particle size of the pyrophyllite is 50 μm; the particle size of the baddeleyite is 70 μm; and the particle size of the diopside is 100 μm.

[0060] The boron carbide fiber has a length of 40 nm and an aspect ratio of 20:1;

[0061] The preparation method of the bathroom ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0062] 1) Preparation of bathroom ceramic bodies:

[0063] 2) Weighing vein quartz, wollastonite, pyrophyllite, baddeleyite, diopside and water in parts by weight, placing them in a ball mill and mixing them by ball milling; in step (2), the ball milling time is 14 h, and the ball milling speed is 300 r / min.

[0064] 3) then adding zirconium oxide, boron carbide fiber and polyvinyl alcohol 2000 into the ball mill and continuing ball milling for 20 minutes to obtain a glaze;

[0065] 4) applying the glaze to the surface of the bathroom ceramic body obtained in step 1), and drying the body naturally to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body;

[0066] 5) The glazed daily-use ceramic body is heated from room temperature to 400° C. at a heating rate of 2° C. / min and held for 4 h, then heated to 700° C. at a heating rate of 4° C. / min and held for 3 h; then heated to 1350° C. at a heating rate of 8° C. and sintered for 4 h; cooled to 600° C. and held for 7 h; and then cooled in the furnace to obtain a sanitary ceramic.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Baddeleyite was used to replace the baddeleyite and diopside in Example 2, and the other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] Diopside was used to replace baddeleyite and diopside in Example 2, and the other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] Diopside was used to replace the diopside and zirconium oxide in Example 2, and the other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] Zirconia was used to replace the diopside and zirconium oxide in Example 2, and the other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0075] Comparative Example 5

[0076] Zirconia was used to replace the zirconium oxide and boron carbide fiber in Example 2, and the other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0077] Comparative Example 6

[0078] Boron carbide fiber was used to replace the zirconium oxide and boron carbide fiber in Example 2. Other steps and conditions were exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0079] Comparative Example 7

[0080] The zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the particle size of the nano-zirconia is 30 nm, and the other steps and conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0081] Comparative Example 8

[0082] The zirconia is composed of nano-zirconia and zirconia nanofibers; the particle size of the nano-zirconia is 140 nm, and the other steps and conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0083] Comparative Example 9

[0084] The zirconium oxide does not contain zirconium oxide nanofibers, and the other steps and conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0085] Comparative Example 10

[0086] The zirconium oxide does not contain nano zirconium oxide, and the other steps and conditions are exactly the same as those in Example 2.

[0087] The flexural strength of the samples was tested using a PT-1036PC universal material testing machine. Sample dimensions were 5 mm × 5 mm × 20 mm, with a span of 14 mm. The indenter loading speed was 0.5 mm / min. The flexural strength was averaged over three measurements. Tribological properties were tested using a ball-on-disc friction machine (HT-1000, Lanzhou Zhongke Kaihua Technology Development Co., Ltd.). Observation revealed that the glaze surfaces of Examples 1-3 were smooth and flat, with a good texture. Specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089]

[0090] It can be seen from Table 1 that the bathroom ceramics of the present invention have excellent bending strength and wear resistance.

[0091] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sanitary ceramic, characterized in that: The sanitary ceramics include a daily-use ceramic body and a glaze layer. The glaze layer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Vein quartz 30-50 parts; wollastonite 20-40 parts; pyrophyllite 15-25 parts; 5-15 parts of baddeleyite; 4-8 parts of diopside; 3-7 parts of zirconium oxide; 2-6 parts of boron carbide fiber; 4-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol 2000; 25-35 parts of water; the zirconium oxide is composed of nano zirconium oxide and zirconium oxide nanofibers; the nano zirconium oxide is composed of particles with particle sizes of 20-40 nm and 120-160 nm; the length of the zirconium oxide nanofibers is 60-100 nm, and the aspect ratio is 30-50:

1.

2. The sanitary ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the zirconium oxide with a particle size of 20-40 nm, the zirconium oxide with a particle size of 120-160 nm, and the zirconium oxide nanofiber is 2-4:1-3:4-8.

3. The sanitary ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the vein quartz is 40-80 μm; the particle size of the wollastonite is 60-100 μm; and the particle size of the pyrophyllite is 50-90 μm.

4. The sanitary ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the baddeleyite is 30-70 μm; the particle size of the diopside is 100-140 μm.

5. The sanitary ceramic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boron carbide fiber has a length of 40-80 nm and an aspect ratio of 20-40:

1.

6. A method for preparing bathroom ceramics according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Preparation of bathroom ceramic bodies: 2) Weighing by weight: vein quartz, wollastonite, pyrophyllite, baddeleyite, diopside and water respectively into a ball mill and mixing; 3) then adding zirconium oxide, boron carbide fiber and polyvinyl alcohol 2000 into the ball mill and continuing ball milling for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain a glaze; 4) applying the glaze to the surface of the bathroom ceramic body obtained in step 1), and drying the body naturally to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; 5) The glazed daily-use ceramic body is sintered and then cooled in the furnace to obtain bathroom ceramics.

7. The method for preparing bathroom ceramics according to claim 6, wherein: In step (2), the ball milling time is 8 to 14 hours, and the ball milling speed is 300 to 500 r / min.

8. The method for preparing sanitary ceramics according to claim 6, wherein: The sintering process comprises heating the temperature from room temperature to 400-600°C at a heating rate of 2-4°C / min and keeping the temperature for 2-4 hours, then heating the temperature to 700-900°C at a heating rate of 4-6°C / min and keeping the temperature for 1-3 hours; then heating the temperature to 1350-1450°C at a heating rate of 8-12°C and sintering for 2-4 hours; and cooling the temperature to 600-800°C and keeping the temperature for 3-7 hours.

9. Use of the bathroom ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the bathroom field.

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