A simple and precise method for adjusting the play of a super-large double-row tapered roller bearing

Abstract

The application provides a simple and precise method for adjusting the play of a super-large double-row tapered roller bearing, which comprises the following steps: step one, measuring the distance b between the end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring when the rollers are not in a self-locking state; step two, measuring the distance b' between the end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring when the rollers are in a self-locking state; step three, measuring the size a of the gap between the two inner rings; and step four, calculating the thickness size H of the spacer ring installed between the two inner rings by combining the designed play of the bearing and the measured self-locking amount of the rollers. The application measures the distance between the end faces of one inner ring and the outer ring in a non-self-locking state, and then measures the distance between the end faces in a self-locking state, so as to quickly calculate the axial self-locking amount of the bearing, combine the designed play to calculate the thickness size of the spacer ring, and directly assemble the bearing after the measurement is completed and the spacer ring is made, thereby avoiding the knocking problem caused by the frequent movement or overturning of parts, and having the advantages of high measurement accuracy, high efficiency and wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing clearance adjustment technology, specifically relating to a simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing clearance refers to the amount of movement a bearing makes when one of its inner or outer rings is fixed, and the unfixed ring moves radially or axially, without being installed on a shaft or in a bearing housing. Based on the direction of movement, it can be divided into radial clearance and axial clearance. The size of the bearing clearance has a crucial impact on the bearing's rolling fatigue life, temperature rise, noise, vibration, and other performance characteristics.

[0003] The outer ring (or inner ring) of a double-row tapered roller bearing is a single unit. The small end faces of the two inner rings (or outer rings) are close together, with a spacer in between. The bearing clearance is adjusted by the thickness of the spacer, which can also be used to adjust the preload of the double-row tapered roller bearing. When determining the spacer thickness, taking a double-inner-ring tapered roller bearing as an example, the clearance between the two inner rings needs to be measured first. This clearance, combined with the clearance value, ultimately determines the spacer thickness. Specifically, one inner ring is laid flat, and the rolling elements, outer ring, and the other inner ring are assembled sequentially. The distance between the upper and lower inner rings is then measured. However, when the bearing is laid flat, the upper tapered rollers exhibit a self-locking phenomenon between the inner and outer raceways. This means there is a gap between the large end face of the roller and the thrust flange of the inner ring that is difficult to eliminate. This leads to significant errors in calculating the spacer thickness, resulting in poor accuracy.

[0004] To address the inaccuracy in measurement results caused by roller self-locking, JB / T 8236-2010, "Rolling Bearings: Clearance and Adjustment Methods for Double-Row and Four-Row Tapered Roller Bearings," provides a detailed description of the measurement and adjustment methods for the clearance of double-row and four-row tapered roller bearings. The basic idea is to obtain the axial clearance of the bearing by adjusting the height of the spacer rings or by grinding the raceways. In this industry standard, after placing the two inner rings on a platform, the rolling elements and outer rings are assembled. The distances h1 and h2 between the upper end face of the outer ring and the upper end face of the inner ring are measured. The actual axial clearance Ga of the bearing is then calculated as Ga = C1 - (h1 + h2), where C1 is the thickness of the outer ring. However, this method requires sequentially measuring the distance between the end faces of the two inner rings and the end face of the outer ring. This means that the two inner rings need to be placed in position separately, and the outer ring needs to be rotated 180° during the measurement of the distance between the two inner rings and the end faces. Furthermore, assembly is required after the measurement is completed. In this process, there is an inevitable problem of collision between the inner and outer rings. Although the measurement method is reasonable, it has the problems of cumbersome measurement work, low efficiency, and easy to cause bearing collision. Moreover, since the measurement of self-locking is based on the distance at different positions, the error is relatively large. In addition, since a straightedge needs to be placed on top of the outer ring during the measurement, it can meet the processing and accuracy requirements of the straightedge for small-sized double-row tapered roller bearings, but it is not suitable for measuring extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings (bearing diameter greater than 2m), and it is not applicable to mass production or extra-large wind power bearings.

[0005] Existing technologies also use feeler gauges to measure the self-locking amount of the upper tapered roller. This involves inserting a feeler gauge into the gap between the large end face of the upper roller and the inner ring thrust flange to measure the gap size, and then calculating the axial dimension. However, this method is cumbersome and difficult because the feeler gauge is not easy to insert into the gap due to the bearing structure. Furthermore, the calculated axial dimension has a large error and poor accuracy because the gap varies at different roller positions.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings that is easy to operate and has high control precision to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings. First, the end face distance between one inner ring and the outer ring is measured in a non-locking state. Then, the distance between the two end faces is measured in a self-locking state, thereby quickly calculating the axial self-locking amount of the bearing. After measuring the clearance between the two inner rings, the thickness of the spacer is calculated based on the designed clearance. After the measurement is completed and the spacer is manufactured, the bearing can be directly assembled, avoiding collisions caused by frequent movement or flipping of parts. This method has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, high efficiency, and wide applicability.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Measure the distance b between the end faces of the inner and outer rings when the rollers are not self-locking.

[0010] Place one of the inner rings of the double-row tapered roller bearing flat on a platform, place a set of rolling cages on the raceway of the inner ring, and then place the outer ring on the rolling cages. Measure the distance between the lower end face of the inner ring and the lower end face of the outer ring, and record it as b.

[0011] Step 2: Measure the distance b' between the end faces of the inner and outer rings when the rollers are in a self-locking state;

[0012] Place the other inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing flat on the platform. Place another set of rolling cages on the raceway of the inner ring. Rotate the outer ring from step one by 180° and place it on the rolling cage. Then place the rolling cage described in step one on the upper raceway surface of the outer ring. Rotate the inner ring described in step one by 180° and place it on the rolling cage described in step one. In this state, measure the distance between the upper end face of the outer ring and the upper end face of the top inner ring, and record it as b'. At this time, the self-locking amount of the roller Δb = b' - b.

[0013] Step 3: Measure the gap dimension a between the two inner rings;

[0014] In step two, measure the gap between the lower plane of the top inner ring and the lower plane of the bottom inner ring, and record it as a;

[0015] Step 4: Calculate the thickness H of the spacer ring installed between the two inner rings, based on the bearing design clearance and the measured roller self-locking amount.

[0016] We obtain H = a - Δb + δ, where δ is the bearing design clearance;

[0017] The spacer is made according to the calculated thickness and then installed between the two inner rings.

[0018] In steps one and two, the rolling cage, outer ring, and inner ring are rotated at least three times after each placement.

[0019] One of the inner rings has a threaded hole on its end face, and the other inner ring has a through hole in the thickness direction. A through hole is also provided in the thickness direction of the spacer. Bolts pass through the through holes of the inner ring and the spacer and are connected to the threaded hole, thus connecting the two inner rings and the spacer to complete the bearing assembly.

[0020] When measuring the spacing a, b, b', the positions in at least four directions should be measured symmetrically, and the average value should be taken to obtain the spacing value.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention first measures the end face distance between one of the inner and outer rings in a non-locking state, and then measures the distance between the two end faces in a self-locking state. This ensures that the distance measurement is always performed between the same face of the same component during the self-locking measurement process, allowing for quick and accurate calculation of the bearing's axial self-locking amount. After measuring the gap between the two inner rings, the thickness of the spacer is finally calculated based on the design clearance. After the measurement is completed and the spacer is manufactured, the bearing can be directly assembled, avoiding collision problems caused by frequent movement or flipping of parts. It has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, high efficiency, and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of step one of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating steps two and three of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step four of the present invention.

[0026] The markings in the diagram are: 1. First inner ring; 2. Second inner ring; 3. Outer ring; 4. First rolling cage; 5. Second rolling cage; 6. Spacer. Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As shown in the figure, a simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings includes the following steps:

[0029] Step 1: Measure the distance b between the end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring 3 when the roller is not self-locking.

[0030] One of the inner rings of the double-row tapered roller bearing is placed flat on a platform. A set of rolling cages is placed on the raceway of the inner ring, and the outer ring 3 is placed on the first rolling cage 4. The distance between the lower end face of the inner ring and the lower end face of the outer ring 3 is measured and recorded as b. The rolling cage includes rollers and a cage. Its structure and principle are conventional technologies in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the first inner ring 1 is placed flat on a platform. The first rolling cage 4 is placed on the raceway surface of the first inner ring 1 and rotated at least three times to bring the rollers and cage into their normal positions. Then, the outer ring 3 is placed on the first rolling cage 4, so that the rollers of the first rolling cage 4 are in contact with the raceway surface below the outer ring 3. After the outer ring 3 has rotated at least three times, the distance between the lower end face of the outer ring 3 and the lower end face of the first inner ring 1 is measured using a dial indicator. Figure 1 The distance between plane A and plane C is denoted as b.

[0032] In step one, since the large end face of the roller is facing down, after the roller and cage are placed in place and rotated, they can make close contact with the thrust stop of the first inner ring 1. This state is when the roller is not in a self-locking state.

[0033] Step 2: Measure the distance b' between the end faces of the inner ring and the outer ring 3 when the roller is in a self-locking state;

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, place the other inner ring (second inner ring 2) of the double-row tapered roller bearing flat in the designated position. Place the second rolling cage 5 on the raceway of the inner ring. Rotate the outer ring 3 from step one by 180° and place it on the second rolling cage 5. Then, place the first rolling cage 4 on the upper raceway surface of the outer ring 3, and rotate the inner ring (first inner ring 1) from step one by 180° and place it on the first rolling cage 4. In this state, the rollers on the first rolling cage 4 will be in a self-locking state, and the large end face of the roller will be in contact with the thrust of the first inner ring 1. There is a gap between the edges. At this time, the distance between the upper end face of the outer ring 3 and the upper end face of the top inner ring is measured using a dial indicator (a straight ruler can be placed on the top of the first inner ring 1 during measurement, and the straight ruler does not need to span the entire first inner ring 1). That is, the distance between the A surface of the outer ring 3 and the C surface of the first inner ring 1 is recorded as b'. Since steps one and two are always measuring the distance between the A surface of the outer ring 3 and the C surface of the first inner ring 1, and the first rolling cage 4 is still used between the two, the self-locking amount of the roller in the self-locking state can be accurately calculated. The self-locking amount of the roller Δb = b' - b;

[0035] In step two, the two sets of rolling retainers, outer ring 3, and inner ring are rotated at least three times after each placement.

[0036] Step 3: Measure the gap dimension a between the two inner rings;

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in step two, when the roller is in a self-locking state, the gap between the lower plane of the top inner ring and the lower plane of the bottom inner ring is measured using a dial indicator and denoted as a;

[0038] Step 4, as follows Figure 3 As shown, the thickness H of the spacer 6 installed between the two inner rings is calculated by combining the bearing design clearance and the measured roller self-locking amount. The result is H=a-Δb+δ, and the value of H is the actual thickness of the spacer 6 to be processed. Wherein, δ is the bearing design clearance (the value of δ can be positive or negative).

[0039] Based on the calculated thickness of spacer 6, spacer 6 is manufactured and installed between the two inner rings to complete the clearance adjustment.

[0040] One of the inner rings has a threaded hole on its end face, and the other inner ring has a through hole in the thickness direction. A through hole is also provided in the thickness direction of the spacer 6. Bolts pass through the through holes of the inner ring and the spacer 6 and are connected to the threaded hole, thus connecting the two inner rings and the spacer 6 to complete the bearing assembly.

[0041] When measuring the above spacings a, b, b', at least four symmetrical positions should be measured, and the average value should be taken to obtain the spacing value. This will yield more accurate spacing data. In addition, for more accurate data, the spacing data of six or eight positions can also be measured.

[0042] This simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings solves two problems. First, it addresses the issues of continuous rotation, collision, and low efficiency caused by the requirement to measure the distance between the two inner rings and the outer ring three-end faces separately, as required by the JB / T8236-2010 standard. This method is suitable for the rapid adjustment of clearance in extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings. Second, it replaces the method of measuring the self-locking distance with feeler gauges, which is difficult to operate and yields inaccurate results. Because the self-locking distance is always measured between the same surfaces of the same components, the axial self-locking distance of the bearing can be calculated quickly and accurately. This clearance adjustment method is simpler and has higher control precision, meeting the needs of adjusting the clearance of large batches of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings.

Claims

1. A simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings, characterized in that... This includes the following steps: Step 1: Measure the distance b between the end faces of the inner and outer rings when the rollers are not self-locking. Place one of the inner rings of the double-row tapered roller bearing flat on a platform, place a set of rolling cages on the raceway of the inner ring, and then place the outer ring on the rolling cages. Measure the distance between the lower end face of the inner ring and the lower end face of the outer ring, and record it as b. Step 2: Measure the distance b' between the end faces of the inner and outer rings when the rollers are in a self-locking state; Place the other inner ring of the double-row tapered roller bearing flat on the platform. Place another set of rolling cages on the raceway of the inner ring. Rotate the outer ring from step one by 180° and place it on the rolling cage. Then place the rolling cage described in step one on the upper raceway surface of the outer ring. Rotate the inner ring described in step one by 180° and place it on the rolling cage described in step one. In this state, measure the distance between the upper end face of the outer ring and the upper end face of the top inner ring, and record it as b'. At this time, the self-locking amount of the roller Δb = b' - b. Step 3: Measure the gap dimension a between the two inner rings; In step two, measure the gap between the lower plane of the top inner ring and the lower plane of the bottom inner ring, and record it as a; Step 4: Calculate the thickness H of the spacer ring installed between the two inner rings, based on the bearing design clearance and the measured roller self-locking amount. We obtain H = a - Δb + δ, where δ is the bearing design clearance; The spacer is made according to the calculated thickness and then installed between the two inner rings.

2. The simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps one and two, the rolling cage, outer ring, and inner ring should be rotated at least three times after each placement.

3. The simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the inner rings has a threaded hole on its end face, and the other inner ring has a through hole in the thickness direction. A through hole is also provided in the thickness direction of the spacer. Bolts pass through the through holes of the inner ring and the spacer and are connected to the threaded hole, thus connecting the two inner rings and the spacer to complete the bearing assembly.

4. The simple and precise method for adjusting the clearance of extra-large double-row tapered roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: When measuring the spacing a, b, b', the positions in at least four directions should be measured symmetrically, and the average value should be taken to obtain the spacing value.

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