Method and device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic assisted machining of hard and brittle materials

Abstract

The application discloses a control method and device for controlling amplitude stability of ultrasonic auxiliary machining of hard and brittle materials, and belongs to the field of ultrasonic machining of hard and brittle materials. The control device comprises: a machining device including a transducer, a variable amplitude rod and a machining tool; an ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system including a high-speed response laser displacement sensor, ultrasonic amplitude data measured by the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is processed and analyzed by a high-speed response computer, amplitude attenuation is converted into an ultrasonic power increment, and a signal is transmitted to a high-speed response ultrasonic power supply to compensate for amplitude attenuation under the action of a load, thereby realizing constant output of ultrasonic amplitude in the machining process; and an acoustic emission sensor amplitude measuring device including an acoustic emission sensor, which transmits data to a high-speed response computer in real time and is used to verify whether the amplitude output by the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is constant. The application can solve the phenomenon that amplitude attenuates under the action of a force load in the existing ultrasonic auxiliary machining process of hard and brittle materials, and can realize ultrasonic machining test with stable amplitude.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ultrasonic machining of hard and brittle materials, and more particularly, to a control method and device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic auxiliary machining of hard and brittle materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] Modern industrial products are constantly challenged to higher precision and more complex and harsh environments, which puts higher requirements on advanced materials. Hard and brittle materials represented by optical glass, laser crystal and ceramic matrix composites are playing an increasingly important role in inertial navigation, optical equipment, aerospace, information communication and transportation due to their excellent mechanical, physical and chemical properties.

[0003] The high hardness and high wear resistance of hard and brittle materials make them applicable in various fields, but also lead to poor processability. Using traditional methods to machine hard and brittle materials can easily produce micro-cracks and edge chipping, making it difficult to ensure processing quality.

[0004] Ultrasonic auxiliary machining can significantly reduce cutting force during machining and prolong tool life, and has gradually been recognized in high-quality and efficient machining of hard and brittle materials.

[0005] Achieving the fracture toughness and median crack depth of hard and brittle materials is an important way to improve processing quality. Indentation test is a common method for testing fracture toughness and determining median crack depth, and scratch test is a common method for determining critical cutting depth in ductile regime machining. However, in the process of ultrasonic indentation test, due to changes in load, process and environment, the ultrasonic amplitude will attenuate, making it difficult to achieve stable output of amplitude during indentation and scratch, and reducing the precision of ultrasonic indentation and scratch test. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a control method and device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic auxiliary machining of hard and brittle materials.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic auxiliary machining of hard and brittle materials, thereby realizing ultrasonic constant amplitude indentation test of hard and brittle materials, mainly including a machining device, an acoustic emission sensor amplitude measuring device and an ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system.

[0008] The machining device includes a transducer, an amplitude changer and a machining tool, and is used for machining experimental materials under ultrasonic auxiliary machining;

[0009] The ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system includes a high-speed response laser displacement sensor, a high-speed response laser displacement sensor system, a measuring device and an adjusting device.

[0010] Measuring device: three-layer base is provided with linear motion module, linear motion module is provided with sliding block, sliding block and bottom plate are fixed, measuring part is composed of two parts, which are connected by hinge and can realize relative rotation of 0° to 90°, high-speed response laser displacement sensor is fixed on base, tool setting fixture is fixed on bottom plate. High-speed response laser displacement sensor and tool setting fixture are connected with data processing system through connecting line, three linear motion modules are installed below ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system, three linear motion modules are connected with high-speed response computer through data processing system.

[0011] Adjusting device: including adjustable power, high-speed ultrasonic power supply, processor, high-speed response computer and the like.

[0012] Acoustic emission sensor vibration amplitude measuring device, including acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission sensor is arranged on processing device, data measured by acoustic emission sensor arranged on processing device is analyzed and processed by computer, and whether the amplitude output by ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is constant is verified.

[0013] Preferably, the processing device is an indentation test device, and the indentation test device includes a material clamping platform and a pressure application platform, the material clamping platform includes a bottom platform base, a middle layer material clamp and an experimental material, the pressure application platform includes a pressure head support, a pressure head is installed at the front end of the pressure head support, a transducer one and an amplitude changer one are arranged at the tail of the pressure head support, a three-way force sensor is installed below the overall device of the indentation test device, and the three-way force sensor is connected with a data processing system through a wire.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure application platform includes a pressure head, a pressure head support, an amplitude changer one and a transducer one, the transducer one is connected with an ultrasonic wave generator through a connecting line, and an amplitude changer two is installed at the bottom of the pressure head support and directly contacts the transducer one. Acoustic emission sensors are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the pressure head, and the acoustic emission sensors are tightly connected with the support.

[0015] The acoustic emission sensors are two, which are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the pressure head and are tightly connected with the pressure head.

[0016] Preferably, the processing device is a scratch test device, and the scratch test device includes an ultrasonic tool holder, the ultrasonic tool holder is provided with a transducer two and an amplitude changer two, a processing tool adopts an ultrasonic tool, and the ultrasonic tool is installed at the bottom end of the amplitude changer two.

[0017] The acoustic emission sensors are two, which are respectively installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the handle of the ultrasonic tool.

[0018] Preferably, the acoustic emission sensors are connected with the data processing system through wireless transmission.

[0019] Preferably, the data processing system is a single-chip microcomputer processing system, which includes a microprocessor and a display screen.

[0020] Preferably, the data processing system and the high-speed response ultrasonic power supply are connected with the high-speed response computer through a connecting line.

[0021] Preferably, the high-speed response computer is internally provided with an RBF neural network model of the ultrasonic power supply power variation and the amplitude variation.

[0022] The control method for controlling the amplitude stability of the brittle material ultrasonic auxiliary machining by using the control device is as follows:

[0023] S1, the transducer is powered through a wire connection, the machine tool feeding system, the acoustic emission sensor is connected with the data processing system, and the data processing system is connected with the high-speed response computer;

[0024] S2, the high-speed response computer is trained by using the RBF neural network on a large amount of data to obtain a nonlinear function of the ultrasonic power supply power variation and the amplitude variation, that is, a nonlinear relationship between the ultrasonic power supply power and the ultrasonic amplitude increment is established;

[0025] S3, the motor in the linear motion module in the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is connected with the data processing system;

[0026] S4, the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is started, the measurement focal point of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is positioned on the machining device by the tool, and the position information of the machine tool is synchronized to the device through the data processing system;

[0027] S5, the system is started, the machining experiment material starts, the high-speed response laser displacement sensor performs high-frequency sampling, the sampling data is synchronized to the high-speed response computer through the data processing system, and the amplitude in the machining process is monitored in real time;

[0028] S6, the monitored amplitude data is input to the high-speed response computer, the real-time attenuation amount between the amplitude data under the load and the initial set value is determined, the RBF neural network model of the amplitude attenuation amount and the ultrasonic power supply power variation is constructed, and the real-time increment of the ultrasonic power supply power required for compensating the amplitude attenuation amount is calculated;

[0029] S7, the high-speed response computer transmits the required ultrasonic power supply power increment to the control system of the ultrasonic power supply, increases the output power of the ultrasonic power supply, and compensates the amplitude attenuation under the load;

[0030] S8, steps S6-S7 are a high-speed cycle feedback correction process, the data feedback and adjustment are completed in one ultrasonic vibration period, the ultrasonic amplitude attenuation under the load is dynamically compensated, and the stable output of the amplitude in the entire ultrasonic machining process is ensured;

[0031] S9, when starting the system in step S5, high-frequency sampling of the machining process is performed by the acoustic emission sensor, the acoustic emission sensor converts the change of the stress wave into an electrical signal, the ultrasonic amplitude is analyzed after wavelet analysis by the computer software, and the real-time data of the ultrasonic amplitude is output on the display screen to verify the precision of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system in steps S6-S8;

[0032] S10, if the amplitude stability result is poor, the collected data is input into the neural network again for data iteration to realize stable output of the amplitude, that is, the amplitude fluctuates within 10%;

[0033] S11, after the test is completed, the experimental material is taken out and placed under an electron microscope to observe the surface indentation and analyze the test results.

[0034] Preferably, in S4, the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is positioned on the machining device by the tool setting device, specifically, the amplitude under the detection of the feedback device measuring the ultrasonic indenter load, which can realize automatic focusing of the laser displacement sensor. When the machining device is an indentation experimental device, the following steps are included:

[0035] S41, start the device, the bottom plate installed with the tool setting device is perpendicular to the base, so that the measuring anvil of the tool setting device and the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor are in the same plane;

[0036] S42, the system runs, the three linear motion modules drive the measuring anvil of the tool setting device to contact the indenter under the drive of the motor, complete the tool setting, and at the same time make the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor fall on the indenter device of ultrasonic machining;

[0037] S43, after the measuring focus positioning is completed, the bottom plate connected by the hinge is reversed by 90° to make the bottom plate fit with the base, at the same time, the position information of the system is synchronized with the lathe feeding system, the measuring platform and the indenter are realized synchronous feeding motion through the data processing system, which ensures that the measuring focus of the laser displacement sensor is always on the indenter, so as to realize real-time measurement.

[0038] Preferably, in S4, the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is positioned on the machining device by the tool setting device, specifically, the amplitude under the detection of the feedback device measuring the ultrasonic indenter load, which can realize automatic focusing of the laser displacement sensor. When the machining device is an indentation experimental device, the following steps are included:

[0039] S41, start the device, the bottom plate installed with the tool setting device is perpendicular to the base, so that the measuring anvil of the tool setting device and the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor are in the same plane;

[0040] S42, the system runs, three linear motion modules are contacted under the driving of motor to the measuring anvil and the handle of the tool, the tool is completed, and the high-speed response laser displacement sensor measures the focus point to fall on the handle of ultrasonic machining;

[0041] S43, after the measurement focus point positioning is completed, the bottom plate connected through the hinge is reversed by 90° to make the bottom plate and the base fit, and the position information of the system is synchronized with the lathe feeding system, the measurement platform and the handle are fed synchronously through the data processing system, the measurement focus point of the laser displacement sensor is ensured on the handle, and real-time measurement is realized.

[0042] The control method and device for controlling the amplitude stability of the hard and brittle material ultrasonic auxiliary machining have the following advantages and positive effects:

[0043] 1, the automatic focusing system is arranged, the focusing of the laser displacement sensor is realized by using the assistance of the tool setter, the relative static state of the laser displacement sensor and the indenter or the ultrasonic tool position in the machining process is realized through the position information of the linear motion module and the lathe feeding system synchronization, and the real-time detection and monitoring of the amplitude of the indenter or the handle are realized.

[0044] 2, the RBF neural network model of the ultrasonic power supply power change amount and the amplitude change amount is constructed, the real-time increment of the ultrasonic power supply power required for compensating the amplitude attenuation is obtained, the output power of the ultrasonic power supply is adjusted through the control system, so as to stabilize the amplitude. The multiple factors are corrected by using the neural network, so that the stability of the amplitude is more efficient and more accurate.

[0045] 3, through the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic indenter or the ultrasonic tool in the working process, the stress wave of the indenter or the handle itself changes, the acoustic emission sensor captures the stress fluctuation and converts it into an electric signal, the amplitude is calculated according to the electric signal change, the amplitude measuring device and method are simple and accurate. The average value of the amplitudes corresponding to the electric signal changes of the two sensors is calculated as the final measurement result, the precision is improved, and the error is reduced.

[0046] 4, two sets of relatively independent amplitude detection systems, the measurement results are verified with each other, and the effect of controlling the amplitude stability of the system is greatly improved. DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a front view of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the hard and brittle material ultrasonic auxiliary machining in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the material clamping platform of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the hard and brittle material ultrasonic auxiliary machining in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0049] Figure 3The indentation experimental device of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application is connected with the ultrasonic power supply and the data processing system.

[0050] Figure 4 The top view of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0051] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0052] Figure 6 The connection schematic diagram of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system and the data processing system of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0053] Figure 7 The top view of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0054] Figure 8 The acoustic vibration system schematic diagram of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0055] Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0056] Figure 10 The structural schematic diagram of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0057] Figure 11 The connection schematic diagram of the scratch experimental device of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 2 of the present application and the ultrasonic power supply and the data processing system.

[0058] Figure 12 The acoustic vibration system schematic diagram of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic assisted machining of the hard and brittle material in the embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0059] Reference signs

[0060] 1. Machine tool; 2. Material clamping platform; 3. Ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system; 4. Pressure platform; 5. Platform base; 6. Material fixture; 7. Experimental material; 8. Indenter; 9. Indenter bracket; 10. Acoustic emission sensor; 11. Clamping bolt one; 12. Ultrasonic vibration system fixing bolt; 13. Amplitude bar one; 14. Triaxial force sensor; 15. Transducer one; 16. Indenter base; 17. Tool setter; 18. Base plate; 19. High-speed response laser displacement sensor; 20. Base; 21. Linear motion module; 22. Ultrasonic power supply; 23. Data processing system; 24. Support block; 25. High-speed response computer; 26. Single abrasive grain; 27. Tool holder; 28. Clamping bolt two; 29. ​​Amplitude bar two; 30. Transducer two; 31. Ultrasonic cutting tool. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] Indentation test conducted using a control device for amplitude stability control during ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a front view of the control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to the present invention, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 , 9 As shown, a control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted machining of hard and brittle materials is presented. The machining device is an indentation testing device, which includes a material clamping platform 2, a pressure application platform 4, and an ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3. An acoustic emission sensor 10 on the pressure application platform 4 is wirelessly connected to a data processing system 23. A triaxial force sensor 14 is connected to the data processing system 23 via a connecting cable. A high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 on the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3 is connected to the data processing system 23 via a connecting cable. A linear motion module 21 is connected to the lathe feed system via the data processing system 23.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the material clamping platform 2 is shown in the diagram, which is part of a control device for controlling the amplitude stability of ultrasonic-assisted machining of hard and brittle materials. Figure 2 As shown, the material fixture 6 is installed at the center of the platform base 5 to provide positional constraints for the indentation test material 7, and the platform base 5 is clamped on the machine tool 1.

[0066] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the indentation experimental apparatus, ultrasonic power supply 22, and data processing system 23, for controlling the amplitude stability of ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials. Figure 3、 4 As shown in the figure, the transducer one 15 is connected with the ultrasonic power supply 22 through the connecting line, the amplitude transformer one 13 is installed below the transducer one 15, the indenter support 9 is installed at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer one 13, the two are in close contact, the indenter 8 is placed at the top end of the indenter support 9 and the surface is provided with the acoustic emission sensor 10, and the three-way force sensor 14 is installed below the pressing platform 4; the indenter support 9, the amplitude transformer one 13 and the transducer one 15 are arranged above the indenter base 16, and the indenter base 16 is installed on the amplitude transformer one 13 through the ultrasonic vibration system fixing bolt 12.

[0067] Figure 5 The ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3 of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic auxiliary machining of the hard and brittle material is shown in the structural schematic diagram as shown in the figure, Figure 5 、 6 As shown in the figure, the tool setting device 17 is installed on the bottom plate 18, the measuring foot of the tool setting device 17 and the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 are on the same plane, the bottom plate 18 is connected with the base 20 through the hinge mechanism, the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 is installed on the base 20, and the whole mechanism of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3 is installed on the linear motion module 21.

[0068] Figure 8 The indenter acoustic vibration system of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic auxiliary machining of the hard and brittle material is shown in the schematic diagram as shown in the figure, Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the compression bolt one 11 directly contacts with the node of the indenter support 9, and the supporting block 24 below the node does not directly contact with the indenter support 9.

[0069] The control method for the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic indentation experiment of the hard and brittle material by using the above control device comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1, the transducer one 15 is powered through the wire connection, the three-way force sensor 14, the machine tool feeding system and the acoustic emission sensor 10 are connected with the data processing system 23, and the data processing system 23 is connected with the high-speed response computer 25;

[0071] S2, the high-speed response computer 25 is trained by using the RBF neural network on a large amount of data to obtain the nonlinear relationship function of the power change amount and the amplitude change amount of the ultrasonic power supply 22, that is, to establish the nonlinear relationship between the increase (decrease) of the ultrasonic power supply 22 and the ultrasonic amplitude increment (decrement);

[0072] S3, the motor in the linear motion module 21 in the detection feedback system is connected with the data processing system 23;

[0073] S4, start the detection feedback system, through the tool 17 to make the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 measurement focus positioning on the indenter 8 device, through the data processing system 23 to synchronize the position information of the machine tool 1 to the device;

[0074] Specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] S41, start the device, the bottom plate 18 installed on the tool 17 is perpendicular to the base 20, so that the measurement of the tool 17 and the measurement focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 are in the same plane;

[0076] S42, the system runs, the three linear motion modules 21 drive the tool 17 to contact the indenter 8 under the drive of the motor, complete the tool setting while making the measurement focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 fall on the ultrasonic machining indenter 8;

[0077] S43, after the measurement focus positioning is completed, the bottom plate 18 is reversed by 90° through the hinge connection, so that the bottom plate 18 is attached to the base 20, and the position information of the system is synchronized with the lathe feeding system, the measurement platform and the indenter 8 are fed synchronously through the data processing system 23, so that the measurement focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 is always on the indenter 8, thereby realizing real-time measurement.

[0078] S5, start the system, the indenter 8 indenter experiment material 7 starts, the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 performs high-frequency sampling, and the sampling data is synchronized to the high-speed response computer 25 through the data processing system 23, realizing real-time monitoring of the amplitude in the machining process;

[0079] S6, input the monitored amplitude data into the high-speed response computer 25, determine the real-time attenuation between the amplitude data under the action of the load and the initial set value, calculate the real-time increment of the ultrasonic power supply 22 power required to compensate the amplitude attenuation through the RBF neural network model of the amplitude attenuation and the power change of the ultrasonic power supply 22;

[0080] S7, the high-speed response computer 25 transmits the required ultrasonic power supply 22 power increment to the control system of the ultrasonic power supply 22, increases the output power of the ultrasonic power supply 22, and compensates the amplitude attenuation under the action of the load.

[0081] S8, steps S6-S7 are high-speed loop feedback correction processes, which complete data feedback and adjustment in one ultrasonic vibration period, dynamically compensate the ultrasonic amplitude attenuation under the action of the load, and ensure stable output of the amplitude in the entire ultrasonic indentation process.

[0082] S9, when starting the system in step S5, the indentation process is high-frequency sampled by the acoustic emission sensor 10, the acoustic emission sensor 10 on the indenter 8 and the indenter support 9 is converted into an electric signal by receiving the change of the stress wave, the ultrasonic amplitude is analyzed after wavelet analysis by the computer software, the real-time data of the ultrasonic amplitude is output on the display screen, and the accuracy of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3 in steps S6-S8 is verified;

[0083] S10, if the amplitude stability result is poor, the collected data can be input into the neural network again for data iteration to realize stable amplitude output (amplitude fluctuation within 10%);

[0084] S11, after the indentation test is completed, the experimental material 7 is taken out and placed under the electron microscope to observe the surface indentation and analyze the test results.

[0085] Example 2:

[0086] The control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic auxiliary processing of the hard and brittle material is used for scratch experiment:

[0087] The difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is that, referring to Figures 10-12 , the processing device in the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic auxiliary processing of the hard and brittle material is a scratch experiment device, the scratch experiment device comprises an ultrasonic tool holder, a transducer two 30 and an amplitude changing rod two 29 are arranged on the ultrasonic tool holder, an ultrasonic tool 31 is used as the processing tool, and the ultrasonic tool 31 is installed at the bottom end of the amplitude changing rod two 29.

[0088] Figure 12 It is an acoustic vibration system schematic diagram of the ultrasonic tool 31 of the control device for controlling the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic auxiliary processing of the hard and brittle material, as shown in the figure, the node of the clamping bolt two 28 and the ultrasonic tool 31 is directly contacted, and the supporting block 24 below the node is not directly contacted with the ultrasonic tool 31.

[0089] The control method for the amplitude stability of the ultrasonic scratch experiment of the hard and brittle material by using the control device is as follows:

[0090] S1, the transducer two 30 is connected by wires for power supply, the machine tool feeding system, the acoustic emission sensor 10 and the data processing system 23 are connected, and the data processing system 23 is connected with the high-speed response computer 25;

[0091] S2, the high-speed response computer 25 is trained by using the RBF neural network on a large amount of data, and the nonlinear relationship function between the power change amount of the ultrasonic power supply 22 and the amplitude change amount is obtained, that is, the nonlinear relationship between the increase (decrease) of the ultrasonic power supply 22 and the ultrasonic amplitude increment (decrement) is established;

[0092] S3, connect the motor in the linear motion module 21 in the detection feedback system with the data processing system 23;

[0093] S4, start the detection feedback system, make the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 positioned on the tool holder 27 through the tool setting device 17, and synchronize the position information of the machine tool 1 to the device through the data processing system 23;

[0094] Specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] S41, start the device, the bottom plate 18 installed on the tool setting device 17 is perpendicular to the base 20, so that the measuring anvil of the tool setting device 17 and the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 are in the same plane;

[0096] S42, the system runs, the three linear motion modules 21 drive the measuring anvil of the tool setting device 17 to contact the tool holder 27, complete the tool setting, and make the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 fall on the tool holder 27 for ultrasonic machining;

[0097] S43, after the measuring focus positioning is completed, the bottom plate 18 is reversed by 90° through the hinge connection, so that the bottom plate 18 is attached to the base 20, and the position information of the system is synchronized with the lathe feeding system, the measuring platform and the tool holder 27 are fed synchronously through the data processing system 23, so that the measuring focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 is always on the tool holder 27, thereby realizing real-time measurement.

[0098] S5, start the system, the single abrasive grain 26 scratch test material 7 starts, the high-speed response laser displacement sensor 19 performs high-frequency sampling, the sampling data is synchronized to the high-speed response computer 25 through the data processing system 23, and real-time monitoring of the amplitude in the machining process is realized;

[0099] S6, input the monitored amplitude data to the high-speed response computer 25, determine the real-time attenuation between the amplitude data under the action of the load and the initial set value, calculate the real-time increment of the ultrasonic power supply 22 power required for compensating the amplitude attenuation through the RBF neural network model of the amplitude attenuation and the power change of the ultrasonic power supply 22;

[0100] S7, the high-speed response computer 25 transmits the required ultrasonic power supply 22 power increment to the control system of the ultrasonic power supply 22, increases the output power of the ultrasonic power supply 22, and compensates the amplitude attenuation under the action of the load.

[0101] S8, steps S6-S7 are a high-speed loop feedback correction process, which completes the feedback and adjustment of data in one ultrasonic vibration period, dynamically compensates the ultrasonic amplitude attenuation under the action of the load, and ensures the stable output of the amplitude in the entire ultrasonic indentation process.

[0102] S9, when starting the system in step S5, the indentation process is high-frequency sampled by the acoustic emission sensor 10, the acoustic emission sensor 10 on the tool holder 27 is converted into an electric signal by receiving the change of stress wave, the ultrasonic amplitude is analyzed after wavelet analysis by computer software, the real-time data of the ultrasonic amplitude is output on the display screen, and the accuracy of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system 3 in steps S6-S8 is verified;

[0103] S10, if the amplitude stability result is poor, the collected data can be input into the neural network again for data iteration to realize stable output of the amplitude (the amplitude fluctuates within 10%);

[0104] S11, after the scratch test is completed, the experimental material 7 is taken out and placed under an electron microscope to observe the surface indentation and analyze the test results.

[0105] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control device for controlling amplitude stability during ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials, characterized in that: This includes processing equipment, acoustic emission sensor amplitude measurement device, and ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system; The processing apparatus, including a transducer, an amplitude transformer, and processing tools, is used to process experimental materials under ultrasonic-assisted processing. The ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system includes a high-speed response laser displacement sensor. A tool setter is set on the focal plane of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor and mounted on a base plate. The base plate is perpendicular to the base, ensuring that the measuring point of the tool setter and the measuring focal point of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor are in the same plane. The base plate is connected to the base via a hinge mechanism. The high-speed response laser displacement sensor is mounted on the base. After the measuring focal point is positioned, the base plate is rotated 90° via the hinge to make it fit against the base. The overall mechanism of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is installed in a linear motion module. Combined with three linear motion modules, the positioning of the measuring focal point of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is completed. The ultrasonic amplitude data measured by the high-speed response laser displacement sensor is processed and analyzed by a high-speed response computer. The amplitude attenuation is converted into an ultrasonic power increment, and the signal is transmitted to the high-speed response ultrasonic power supply to compensate for the amplitude attenuation under load, achieving a constant ultrasonic amplitude output during processing. An acoustic emission sensor amplitude measurement device includes an acoustic emission sensor, which is mounted on a processing device. There are two acoustic emission sensors, which are respectively mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the processing device. The acoustic emission sensors are connected to a data processing system via wireless transmission. The data measured by the acoustic emission sensors on the processing device is analyzed and processed by a computer and used to verify whether the amplitude output by the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system is constant.

2. The control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device is an indentation testing device, which includes a material clamping platform and a pressure application platform. The material clamping platform includes a bottom platform base and a middle material fixture. The pressure application platform includes an indenter support. The processing tool is an indenter, which is installed at the front end of the indenter support. A transducer and an amplitude transformer are provided at the rear end of the indenter support. A triaxial force sensor is installed below the overall device of the indentation testing device. The transducer is connected to the ultrasonic generator via a connecting line, and the amplitude transformer is installed at the bottom of the pressure platform, with the two in direct contact.

3. The control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device is a scratch testing device, which includes an ultrasonic scalpel holder, on which a transducer two and an amplitude transformer two are mounted. The processing tool is an ultrasonic cutter, which is installed at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer two.

4. The control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The data processing system and the high-speed response ultrasonic power supply are connected to the high-speed response computer via connecting cables.

5. The control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The high-speed response laser displacement sensor and the tool setter are connected to the data processing system via connecting cables. Three linear motion modules are installed at the bottom of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system, and the three linear motion modules are connected to the high-speed response computer via the data processing system.

6. The control device for controlling amplitude stability in ultrasonic-assisted processing of hard and brittle materials according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: An RBF neural network model of the changes in ultrasonic power supply power and amplitude was constructed within a high-speed response computer.

7. A method for controlling the amplitude stability of ultrasonic-assisted machining of hard and brittle materials using the control device described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Connect the transducer to the power supply via wires, connect the machine tool feed system, acoustic emission sensor and data processing system, and connect the data processing system to the high-speed response computer; S2. By training a large amount of data on a high-speed response computer using an RBF neural network, the nonlinear relationship function between the change in ultrasonic power supply and the change in amplitude is approximated, that is, the nonlinear relationship between increasing ultrasonic power supply and ultrasonic amplitude increment is established. S3. Connect the motor in the linear motion module of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system to the data processing system; S4. Start the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system. The tool setter will position the measurement focus of the high-speed response laser displacement sensor on the processing device. The data processing system will then synchronize the machine tool's position information to the device. S5. Start the system and begin processing the experimental material. The high-speed response laser displacement sensor performs high-frequency sampling. The sampled data is synchronized to the high-speed response computer through the data processing system to achieve real-time monitoring of the amplitude during the processing. S6. Input the monitored amplitude data into the high-speed response computer to determine the real-time attenuation between the amplitude data and the initial set value under load. Using the RBF neural network model of amplitude attenuation and ultrasonic power change that has been constructed, calculate the real-time increment of ultrasonic power required to compensate for amplitude attenuation. S7. The high-speed response computer transmits the required ultrasonic power increment to the ultrasonic power supply control system, increasing the ultrasonic power supply output power and compensating for the amplitude attenuation under load. S8 and steps S6-S7 are high-speed cyclic feedback correction processes, which complete the data feedback and adjustment within one ultrasonic vibration cycle, dynamically compensate for the ultrasonic amplitude attenuation under load, and ensure stable amplitude output throughout the ultrasonic processing process. S9. When the system is started in step S5, the processing process is sampled at high frequency by the acoustic emission sensor. The acoustic emission sensor converts the change of stress wave into an electrical signal. After wavelet analysis by computer software, the ultrasonic amplitude is analyzed and the real-time data of ultrasonic amplitude is output on the display screen to verify the accuracy of the ultrasonic amplitude detection feedback system in steps S6-S8. S10. If the amplitude stability result is poor, the collected data can be input into the neural network again for data iteration to achieve stable amplitude output, that is, the amplitude fluctuates within a range of 10%. S11. After the experiment is completed, remove the experimental material and place it under an electron microscope to observe the surface indentation and analyze the test results.

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