Shaft part machining method

Abstract

The application provides a shaft part machining method and belongs to the technical field of machining. The method comprises the following steps: a sleeve clamp and a bushing are made according to the shape of the shaft part, a long slot is formed on the side wall of the sleeve clamp in the axial direction, the inner hole of the sleeve clamp and the outer diameter of the bushing are in interference fit, the inner diameter of the bushing and the outer diameter of the shaft part are in clearance fit, the sleeve front end hole on the sleeve clamp and the shaft front end shaft diameter on the shaft part are in clearance fit, the front end of the combined clamp is clamped by the machine tool chuck, the shaft front end shaft diameter of the shaft part is clamped by the front end of the combined clamp, the shaft part and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected, the rear end of the combined clamp supports the shaft part, and the shaft part does not jump during the machining process. The sleeve clamp with the bushing in the inner hole is used, the shaft part is fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle through the sleeve clamp, the shaft part is not easy to deform during the machining process, the structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a shaft part machining method suitable for machining various shaft parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of science and technology, the machining capacity of equipment is getting stronger and stronger, and the precision of part machining is getting higher and higher. Some shaft parts with surfaces needing protection are prone to deformation in the machining process. To solve the problem of shaft part machining deformation, a traditional machining method adopts a short chuck with a slotted outer circle to clamp the front end outer circle of the shaft part, and then the short chuck and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected. Because the inner wall of the short chuck directly contacts the outer surface of the shaft part, the traditional machining method is prone to damage the outer surface of the shaft part. Since the short chuck only clamps the front end of the shaft part, the rear end of the shaft part is suspended, which is prone to jumping during the machining process, and the machining precision of the size is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, a shaft part machining method is proposed to guarantee the machining precision of the shaft part and simplify the machining process. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present application is to provide a shaft part machining method. The present application is designed for the problem of end machining deformation of shaft parts with surfaces needing protection. The method clamps the shaft part through a sleeve assembly clamp with a bushing and a machine tool spindle, so that the shaft part is not prone to deformation in the machining process. The structure is simple, the manufacturing is convenient, and the machining efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0005] A shaft part machining method comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1): A sleeve clamp and a bushing are made according to the shape of the shaft part. A long slot is axially formed in the side wall of the sleeve clamp. The inner hole of the sleeve clamp and the outer diameter of the bushing are in interference fit, and the inner diameter of the bushing and the outer diameter of the shaft part are in clearance fit.

[0007] Step 2): A sleeve front end hole larger than the shaft front end diameter of the shaft part is formed on the front end surface of the sleeve clamp. The sleeve front end hole on the sleeve clamp and the shaft front end diameter of the shaft part are in clearance fit.

[0008] Step 3): The outer circle of the bushing and the inner cavity of the sleeve clamp are assembled by interference fit to become a combined clamp.

[0009] Step 4): The shaft part is assembled into the combined clamp, so that the inner hole of the bushing and the outer circle of the shaft part are in clearance fit to protect the surface of the shaft part.

[0010] Step 5): the front end of the combined clamp is clamped by the machine tool chuck, the shaft front end diameter of the shaft type part is clamped by the front end of the combined clamp, the shaft type part and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected, the rear end of the combined clamp supports the shaft type part, and the shaft type part is prevented from jumping during machining;

[0011] Step 6): after machining, the machine tool chuck is loosened, and the shaft type part is taken out from the combined clamp.

[0012] The sleeve clamp and the bushing are adjusted in shape and size according to the shape of the shaft type part; and the sleeve front end hole at the front end of the sleeve clamp is determined according to the shaft front end diameter outer diameter of the shaft type part.

[0013] Further, the shaft type part comprises a shaft middle body, the front end of the shaft middle body is a small-diameter shaft front end diameter, and the rear end of the shaft middle body is a large-diameter shaft rear end shoulder.

[0014] The bushing is a cylindrical structure with an inner circle and an outer circle clearance fit with the shaft middle body;

[0015] The sleeve clamp comprises a sleeve body, the inner hole of the sleeve body is in interference fit with the outer circle of the bushing, the sleeve clamp is provided with a sleeve front end shoulder at the front end, the sleeve front end hole is arranged at the center of the sleeve front end shoulder, and the sleeve clamp is provided with a sleeve rear end shoulder at the rear end, which is clearance fit with the shaft rear end shoulder.

[0016] Further, the clearance fit between the inner circle of the bushing and the outer circle of the shaft type part is 0.2mm, and the width of the long notch of the sleeve clamp is 2mm.

[0017] Further, the bushing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0018] Further, the sleeve clamp is made of aluminum alloy material.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present application is designed for the problem that the end part of the shaft type part needs to be protected and is easy to deform during machining. The sleeve combined clamp with an inner hole and a bushing is made, the shaft type part is fixedly connected with the machine tool spindle through the combined clamp, the shaft type part is not easy to deform during machining, and the outer surface of the shaft type part is protected. The machining method has simple structure, is easy to make, and can greatly improve the machining efficiency.

[0021] 2. When using this solution, the front end of the combined fixture is clamped by the machine tool chuck. Due to the presence of the long slot, the sleeve fixture tightens under the clamping force of the machine tool, clamping the front end diameter of the shaft part, ensuring a fixed connection between the shaft part and the machine tool spindle. Furthermore, due to the bushing, the rear end of the combined fixture provides surface protection and support for the shaft part, ensuring that the shaft part does not run out of space during machining. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of shaft-type parts in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the assembly and adjustment of shaft-type parts in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve clamp in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft-type parts in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-5 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0030] Example: A method for machining shaft-type parts. In this example, refer to... Figure 5 As shown, the shaft part 3 includes a shaft intermediate body 3-1, the front end of the shaft intermediate body 3-1 is a small diameter shaft front end shaft diameter 3-2, and the rear end of the shaft intermediate body 3-1 is a large diameter shaft rear end shoulder 3-3.

[0031] The specific method comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1): A sleeve clamp 1 and a bushing 2 are made according to the shape of the shaft part 3, and the shape and size of the sleeve clamp 1 and the bushing 2 are adjusted according to the shape of the shaft part 3.

[0033] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 , the sleeve clamp 1 is provided with a sleeve body 1-1 in the middle, the inner hole of the sleeve body 1-1 is in interference fit with the outer circle of the bushing 2, the front end of the sleeve clamp 1 is provided with a sleeve front end shoulder 1-4, the rear end of the sleeve clamp 1 is provided with a sleeve rear end shoulder 1-5 which is gap-fitted with the shaft rear end shoulder 3-3, and a long slot 1-2 is axially formed through the side wall of the sleeve clamp 1; the width of the long slot 1-2 of the sleeve clamp 1 is 2mm.

[0034] Preferably, the sleeve clamp 1 is made of aluminum alloy material.

[0035] Referring to Figure 4 , the inner diameter of the bushing 2 is greater than the outer diameter of the shaft part 3, and the bushing 2 is a cylindrical structure which is gap-fitted with the outer circle of the shaft middle body 3-1. Preferably, the bushing 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0036] The inner hole of the sleeve clamp 1 is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the bushing 2, and the inner diameter of the bushing 2 is in gap fit with the outer diameter of the shaft part 3, and the fitting gap between the inner circle of the bushing 2 and the outer circle of the shaft part 3 is 0.2mm, so as to protect the surface of the shaft part from being damaged when the shaft part is clamped.

[0037] Step 2): A sleeve front end hole 1-3 larger than the shaft front end shaft diameter 3-2 of the shaft part 3 is formed on the front end face of the sleeve clamp 1, and the sleeve front end hole 1-3 is arranged at the center of the sleeve front end shoulder 1-4, so as to ensure that the sleeve front end hole 1-3 on the sleeve clamp 1 and the shaft front end shaft diameter 3-2 on the shaft part 3 are in gap fit.

[0038] Step 3): The outer circle of the bushing 2 and the inner cavity of the sleeve clamp 1 are assembled through interference fit to become a combined clamp.

[0039] Step 4): The shaft part 3 is assembled into the combined clamp, so that the inner hole of the bushing 2 and the outer circle of the shaft part 3 are gap-fitted together to protect the surface of the shaft part 3; referring to Figure 1 and 2 ;

[0040] Step 5): the front end of the combined fixture is clamped by the machine tool chuck, and the sleeve fixture is tightened under the clamping force of the machine tool, so that the front end of the shaft of the shaft part 3 is clamped by the long slot gap, so that the shaft part 3 and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected, and the rear end of the combined fixture supports the shaft part 3, so that the shaft part 3 does not jump during machining;

[0041] Step 6): after machining, the machine tool chuck is loosened, and the shaft part 3 is taken out from the combined fixture.

[0042] The method can fix the shaft part through the combined fixture and the machine tool spindle, so that the shaft part is not easy to deform during machining, and the outer surface of the shaft part is protected. The machining method has simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and the machining efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0043] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A method for machining shaft-type parts, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1): Make a sleeve clamp (1) and a bushing (2) according to the external structure of the shaft part (3). Make a long slot (1-2) through the side wall of the sleeve clamp (1) axially; make the inner hole of the sleeve clamp (1) and the outer diameter of the bushing (2) interference fit, and make the inner diameter of the bushing (2) and the outer diameter of the shaft part (3) clearance fit. Step 2): A sleeve front end hole (1-3) larger than the shaft front end diameter (3-2) of the shaft part (3) is made on the front end face of the sleeve clamp (1). The sleeve front end hole (1-3) on the sleeve clamp (1) and the shaft front end diameter (3-2) on the shaft part (3) are clearance fit. Step 3): Assemble the outer circle of the bushing (2) and the inner cavity of the sleeve clamp (1) by interference fit to form a combined clamp; Step 4): Install the shaft part (3) into the combination fixture so that the inner hole of the bushing (2) and the outer circle of the shaft part (3) are properly fitted together to protect the surface of the shaft part (3); Step 5): The machine tool chuck clamps the front end of the combination fixture, so that the front end of the combination fixture clamps the shaft diameter (3-2) of the shaft part (3), ensuring that the shaft part (3) and the machine tool spindle are fixedly connected. The rear end of the combination fixture supports the shaft part (3), ensuring that the shaft part (3) does not jump during the processing. Step 6): After machining is completed, loosen the machine tool chuck and remove the shaft part (3) from the combination fixture; The external shape and size of the sleeve clamp (1) and bushing (2) are adjusted according to the shape of the shaft part (3); the sleeve front end hole (1-3) at the front end of the sleeve clamp (1) is determined according to the outer diameter of the shaft front end diameter (3-2) of the shaft part (3); The shaft part (3) includes a shaft intermediate body (3-1), the front end of the shaft intermediate body (3-1) is a small diameter shaft front end shaft diameter (3-2), and the rear end of the shaft intermediate body (3-1) is a large diameter shaft rear end shoulder (3-3). The bushing (2) is a cylindrical structure with a clearance fit between the inner circle and the outer circle of the shaft body (3-1); The sleeve clamp (1) has a sleeve body (1-1) in the middle. The inner hole of the sleeve body (1-1) is interference-fitted with the outer circle of the bushing (2). The sleeve clamp (1) has a sleeve front shoulder (1-4) at the front end. The sleeve front hole (1-3) is located at the center of the sleeve front shoulder (1-4). The sleeve clamp (1) has a sleeve rear shoulder (1-5) at the rear end that is adapted to the gap of the shaft rear shoulder (3-3). The bushing (2) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

2. The method for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fitting clearance between the inner circle of the bushing (2) and the outer circle of the shaft part (3) is 0.2 mm, and the width of the long slot (1-2) of the sleeve clamp (1) is 2 mm.

3. The method for machining shaft-type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve clamp (1) is made of aluminum alloy.

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