Preparation method of lubricating oil friction reducer and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method and application of a lubricating oil friction-reducing agent, and a structural formula is as follows: the lubricating oil friction-reducing agent is an organic friction modifier, N-isopropyl acrylamide and oleylamine are used as reaction substrates, stirring reaction is carried out at 80 DEG C for 48 h, and a product is obtained. Nitrogen atoms and oxygen atoms in the molecular structure of the friction-reducing agent have lone pair electrons, can form ordered molecular adsorption films on the surface of metal, reduce the friction of the surface of a metal friction pair, and have excellent friction-reducing performance in base oil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lubricating oil additives, in particular to a preparation method of a lubricating oil friction-reducing agent and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the increasingly stringent environmental regulations and the demand for improving the energy efficiency of automobile engines have prompted engine oils to develop in the direction of low viscosity, low sulfated ash, low sulfur and low phosphorus. However, the reduction of the viscosity of lubricating oil will cause the friction pair surface to be difficult to form a complete lubricating oil film, and thus the friction pair surface cannot be completely separated, so that the friction pair is in a mixed lubrication and boundary lubrication state. On the other hand, the application trend of low sulfur and phosphorus will limit the amount of some anti-wear additives containing active elements such as sulfur and phosphorus (mainly zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, ZDDP), resulting in the decline of the tribological properties of engine oil. In order to solve the lubrication problem caused by the reduction of the viscosity of engine oil and the limitation of the amount of anti-wear additives, and improve the tribological properties of engine oil under mixed and boundary lubrication conditions, the lubricating oil friction-reducing agent becomes an effective component for improving the lubrication performance of engine oil, and in response to the call of environmental regulations, the low-sulfur and phosphorus, ash-free organic friction modifier has been widely studied and applied. The organic friction modifier is composed of a polar end group and a long-chain alkyl group. The polar end group is easy to adsorb on the surface of the friction pair, and the long-chain alkyl group is affected by the van der Waals force to form a vertically oriented and tightly packed adsorption film, which plays a role in reducing friction and wear. Moreover, the molecule does not contain metal and S, P elements, and has less impact on engine emissions, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0003] In summary, the development of high-efficiency, ash-free, low-sulfur and phosphorus lubricating oil friction-reducing agent will have important research and application prospects. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a preparation method of a lubricating oil friction-reducing agent and application thereof. The friction-reducing agent has good solubility in poly-alpha-olefin base oil and excellent friction-reducing performance. Moreover, when the friction-reducing agent is applied to finished oil, the friction coefficient of the finished oil can be further reduced, and the lubrication performance can be improved.

[0005] The lubricating oil friction-reducing agent prepared by the present application has a simple preparation process, low preparation cost, high yield and excellent friction-reducing performance.

[0006] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] A lubricating oil friction-reducing agent, the structural formula of the friction-reducing agent is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] (1) NIPAOA

[0010] A preparation method of the lubricating oil friction reducer as described above, comprising: taking N-isopropyl acrylamide and oleylamine as reaction substrates, stirring the reaction at a temperature of 80℃ for 48 hours to obtain a product.

[0011] Specifically, the preparation method of the lubricating oil friction reducer is as follows:

[0012] Taking N-isopropyl acrylamide and oleylamine with a molar ratio of 1:1 as reaction substrates, stirring the reaction at a temperature of 70-80℃ for 24-48h to obtain the target product.

[0013] Further, the molar ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide to oleylamine is 0.1-1.5:1. For example, the molar ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide to oleylamine is 0.1:1, 0.2:1, 0.3:1, 0.4:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1 or 1.5:1.

[0014] The application also provides an application of the lubricating oil friction reducer as described above, which is used in poly-alpha-olefin base oil, and the amount of the friction reducer in the base oil is 1wt%-2wt% based on the mass of the base oil. For example, the amount of the friction reducer in the base oil is 1wt%, 1.1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.3wt%, 1.4wt%, 1.5wt%, 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%, 1.8wt%, 1.9wt% or 2wt% based on the mass of the base oil.

[0015] Further, the lubricating oil friction reducer is used in finished oil, and the tribological properties of the finished oil are compared, and the amount of the lubricating oil friction reducer in the finished oil is 1wt%-2wt% based on the mass of the finished oil. For example, the amount of the lubricating oil friction reducer added in the finished oil is 1wt%, 1.1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.3wt%, 1.4wt%, 1.5wt%, 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%, 1.8wt%, 1.9wt% or 2wt% based on the mass of the finished oil.

[0016] Technical features and beneficial effects of the application:

[0017] This invention discloses a method for preparing a lubricating oil friction reducer and its application. The preparation process of this friction reducer is simple, with low cost and high yield, and it can dissolve in polyalphaolefin base oil. Furthermore, the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the molecular structure of this friction reducer possess lone pairs of electrons, which can provide electrons to the electron-deficient orbitals of metals, resulting in a strong adsorption effect on metals. This forms an ordered molecular adsorption film on the metal surface, reducing friction between metal friction pairs and exhibiting excellent friction-reducing performance. In addition, the double-NH structure in the molecular structure of this friction reducer facilitates the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the adsorption layer on the metal surface, making the adsorption layer more stable and robust, thereby improving the stability of the friction film and achieving superior friction-reducing performance. Compared with commercially available finished oils, the addition of this friction reducer results in a lower coefficient of friction. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a synthetic route diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the mass spectrum of the friction reducer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the friction coefficients of the friction reducer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention at different temperatures;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the friction coefficients of the friction reducer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention at different addition amounts;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the friction coefficients of the friction reducer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and the finished oil Mobil 1. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] 2.26 g (0.02 mol) of N-isopropylacrylamide and 5.35 g (0.02 mol) of oleylamine were weighed and added to a 25 mL single-necked flask. The mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 48 h to obtain 7.60 g of the target product (yield 99.9 wt%), denoted as NIPAOA. The reaction process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0026] Mass spectrometry analysis:

[0027] The mass spectrum of the product NIPAOA is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the main molecular ion peak is [M+H]. +m / z 381.3854, which is known from analysis that it is the amine-ene addition reaction of raw material N-isopropyl acrylamide with oleylamine to generate product NIPAOA.

[0028] Friction performance test:

[0029] The test instrument is TE-77 long-range reciprocating friction tester, the upper friction pair is cylindrical pin, and the lower friction pair is 38mm x 58mm x 3.9mm plate, both of which are made of GCr15 steel, and the contact mode is linear contact.

[0030] The product NIPAOA obtained in Example 1 was stirred and dissolved in poly-alpha-olefin base oil (PAO6, ExxonMobil) at an addition amount of 1wt% (based on the mass of the base oil), and reciprocating friction tests were carried out at 40℃, 80℃ and 130℃, respectively, with the test conditions being: load 100N, stroke 10mm, frequency 10Hz, and time 7200s.

[0031] Table 1 Average friction coefficient of product of Example 1 in reciprocating friction test at different temperatures

[0032]

[0033] In combination with the data given in Table 1 and Figure 3 It can be seen from the data and friction coefficient curves that the friction coefficient of the sample with the product NIPAOA of Example 1 added at different temperatures is lower than that of the base oil PAO6, with a decrease of 22.0% to 46.3%.

[0034] The tribological properties of the product NIPAOA of Example 1 added at an addition amount (the mass percentage is based on the mass of the base oil PAO6) of 1wt% and 2wt% to the base oil PAO6 were further investigated, with the test conditions being: load 100N, stroke 10mm, frequency 10Hz, temperature 80℃, and time 7200s.

[0035] Table 2 Average friction coefficient of product of Example 1 in reciprocating friction test at different addition amounts

[0036] Item PAO 6 PAO 6 + 1% NIPAO A PAO 6 + 2% NIPAO A Average coefficient of friction 0.110 0.060 0.071

[0037] In combination with the data given in Table 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen from the data and friction coefficient curves that the friction coefficient of the sample with the product NIPAOA of Example 1 added at different addition amounts is lower than that of the base oil PAO6, with a decrease of 35.5% to 46.3%.

[0038] The product of Example 1, NIPAOA, was stirred into finished oil Mobil 1 at an addition level of 1 wt% (by mass of the finished oil) and a rub test was performed under the following conditions: load 100 N, stroke 10 mm, frequency 10 Hz, temperature 80°C, time 7200 s.

[0039] Table 3 Average coefficient of friction for the reciprocating rub test after the product of Example 1 was dissolved in finished oil

[0040] Item Mobil 1 Mobil 1 + 1% NIPAO A Average coefficient of friction 0.099 0.087

[0041] In combination with the data given in Table 3 and Figure 5 The data and the coefficient of friction curve given show that the coefficient of friction of finished oil Mobil 1 was reduced by 12.1% after the product of Example 1, NIPAOA, was added to finished oil Mobil 1 at an addition level of 1 wt% (by mass of the finished oil)

[0042] Advantages of the present application:

[0043] The preparation method of the lubricating oil friction-reducing agent and the application thereof have the advantages that the preparation process is simple, the preparation cost is low, the yield is high, the friction-reducing agent can be dissolved in base oil PAO6, the nitrogen atom and the oxygen atom in the molecular structure of the friction-reducing agent have lone pair electrons, which can provide electrons for the electron-deficient orbital of metal, have a strong adsorption effect on metal, and further form an ordered molecular adsorption film on the surface of metal, thereby reducing the friction of the surface of the metal friction pair and having good friction-reducing performance; meanwhile, the double-NH structure in the molecular structure of the friction-reducing agent makes it easy to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the action process, and further makes the generated friction film more firm, thereby further improving the friction-reducing performance; and the friction-reducing agent still has a friction-reducing effect in finished oil, thereby further reducing the coefficient of friction of the finished oil.

[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil friction reducer characterized by, The friction-reducing agent has a structural formula of formula (1). (1)。 2. The process for the production of a lubricating oil friction reducer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The method comprises: taking N-isopropyl acrylamide and oleylamine as reaction substrates, stirring the reaction at a temperature of 70-90 DEG C for 24-60 hours to obtain the product.

3. The process for producing a lubricating oil friction reducer as claimed in claim 1, characterized by, The method comprises: taking N-isopropyl acrylamide and oleylamine as reaction substrates, stirring the reaction at a temperature of 80 DEG C for 48 hours to obtain the product.

4. The method of preparing a lubricating oil friction reducer according to claim 2, wherein The molar ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide to oleylamine is 0.1-1.5:

1.

5. The process for the production of a lubricating oil friction reducer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of N-isopropyl acrylamide to oleylamine is 1:

1.

6. The use of a lubricating oil friction reducer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The friction-reducing agent is added into the base oil, and the addition amount of the friction-reducing agent is 1.0wt%-2.0wt% of the base oil based on the mass of the base oil.

7. The use of a lubricating oil friction reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that The base oil is poly-alpha-olefin.

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