Bidirectional Switching Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor

Abstract

The present invention provides a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor, which relates to the field of electric motors, including: when braking, the upper and lower half circles of the fan-shaped brake blocks are connected by a sleeve and squeezed on the driving shaft of the motor; the head end of the motor is provided with a heat dissipation impeller, and a wind supply circle is fixedly arranged on the root section of a circle of blades of the heat dissipation impeller, and when the two semicircular mounting covers are close to each other for docking and braking, the two semicircular docking covers are matched with the sleeve of the rear end part of the air supply circle; the head end part of the motor is provided with an impeller cover, and the heat dissipation impeller and the two semicircular mounting covers are all covered on the inner side of the impeller cover. The air supply circle is connected with the two semicircular docking covers and the two semicircular mounting covers to form a relatively closed shaft cylinder-shaped air flow duct, and the axial airflow formed inside the air supply circle can be used to carry out directional and concentrated suction or blowing heat dissipation on the two half circles of fan-shaped brake blocks through the shaft cylinder-shaped air flow duct, and the airflow passing through the two half circles of fan-shaped brake blocks is more, and the heat dissipation effect is more outstanding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric motors, and in particular to a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet brushless DC motors have been widely used in new energy vehicle manufacturing, household appliances, aerospace, automation and other industries due to their excellent driving performance. With the development of permanent magnet materials, electronic technology, automatic control technology and power electronics technology, especially high-frequency and high-power switching devices, permanent magnet brushless DC motors and their control technology have also made significant progress and development.

[0003] The main function of the motor is to generate driving torque. As a power source in various application scenarios or working conditions, the motor needs to switch the rotation (torque) direction of the top shaft (clockwise, counterclockwise) under some usage requirements during actual use. The current method of switching the forward and reverse direction of the motor is to switch through electronic components. When the motor is performing a specific direction switch, due to the large moment of inertia of the motor shaft when rotating at high speed, when the direction is switched sharply, the shaft will continue to rotate in the original direction for a certain number of circles, causing the motor to be unable to complete the direction switch quickly, and easily burn out electronic components such as capacitors and inductors, ultimately causing damage to the motor, causing expensive losses, and failing to meet production needs.

[0004] In order to eliminate the inertia of the rotor when it switches direction sharply, the bidirectional switching motor is generally equipped with a brake deceleration mechanism on the rotor and the rotating shaft, and the brake mechanism specifically uses the form of squeezing brake pads to slow down. The brake pads will generate a lot of heat when they are squeezed and rubbed with the rotating shaft to decelerate. Most of the existing bidirectional switching motors lack a special heat dissipation structure for the brake mechanism, resulting in a large amount of heat energy generated by the motor when switching the special brake cannot be effectively and timely dissipated, and accumulates on the brake pads and the rotating shaft, and may be transferred to the rotor, which will increase the overall temperature of the motor in a short time, causing the motor and brake pads to be unable to be used continuously at high loads at higher temperatures, and may affect the service life of the motor and brake pads. Summary of the invention

[0005] The disclosed embodiments relate to a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor to solve the problem that most of the motors lack a structure for implementing a special heat dissipation for the brake mechanism, resulting in a large amount of heat energy generated by the motor when switching the special-directional brake not being effectively and timely dissipated, accumulating on the brake pads and the rotating shaft, and possibly being transferred to the rotor, thereby increasing the overall temperature of the motor in a short period of time, causing the motor and the brake pads to be unable to be used continuously at high loads at higher temperatures.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor is provided, specifically comprising: a motor, an impeller cover, a heat dissipation impeller and a semicircular mounting cover; the semicircular mounting cover comprises: a semicircular docking cover, a trapezoidal support frame, a hexagonal short shaft, an L-shaped force plate and a fan-shaped brake block; the semicircular mounting cover is symmetrically arranged at two locations, and the head ends of the two semicircular mounting covers are both sleeved and welded with a semicircular docking cover with a thickened radius, and the inner circles of the two semicircular mounting covers are fixedly provided with a half-circle fan-shaped brake block; when braking, the upper and lower half-circles of the fan-shaped brake block docking sleeves are squeezed on the drive shaft of the motor;

[0007] The front end of the motor is provided with a heat dissipation impeller, and an air supply ring is fixedly provided on the root section of a circle of blades of the heat dissipation impeller, and when the two semicircular mounting covers are close to each other and docked for braking, the two semicircular docking covers are engaged with the rear end part of the air supply ring by a sleeve, and the heat dissipation impeller can switch forward and reverse with the motor to implement exhaust and blowing heat dissipation for the motor as a whole, and the air supply ring separates the root section of a circle of blades inside it, and the root section of a circle of blades rotates in the cavity inside the air supply ring to draw in wind to form an axial airflow passing through the air supply ring, and the axial airflow has a certain wind speed and directivity. When the two semicircular mounting covers are close to each other and docked for braking, the two semicircular docking covers are engaged with the rear end part of the air supply ring by a sleeve, and the heat dissipation impeller can follow the forward and reverse rotation of the motor to implement exhaust and blowing heat dissipation for the motor as a whole, and the air supply ring separates the root section of a circle of blades inside it, and the root section of a circle of blades rotates in the cavity inside the air supply ring to draw in wind to form an axial airflow passing through the air supply ring, and the axial airflow has a certain wind speed and directivity. When the brake is close to docking, the two semicircular docking covers are matched with the rear end sleeve of the air supply ring. At this time, the air supply ring is connected with the two semicircular docking covers and the two semicircular mounting covers to form a relatively closed shaft-shaped air flow duct. The axial airflow formed inside the air supply ring can be used through the shaft-shaped air flow duct to carry out directional and concentrated suction or blowing heat dissipation on the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks. Compared with the traditional covering heat dissipation form of using a large-volume impeller to directly cover the brake pads and the drive shaft, more airflow passes through the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks, and the heat dissipation effect is more outstanding, which can more quickly and effectively reduce the temperature of the brake pads and the drive shaft;

[0008] An impeller cover is sleeved on the head end of the motor, and the heat dissipation impeller and two semicircular mounting covers are sleeved on the inner side of the impeller cover.

[0009] In at least some embodiments, the circumferential outer walls of the two semicircular mounting covers and the two semicircular docking covers are surrounded by heat dissipation grille sheets, and two trapezoidal support frames are welded to the middle parts of the two semicircular mounting covers facing each other upward, and two hexagonal short axes are welded to the two trapezoidal support frames facing each other upward, and the head ends of the two hexagonal short axes are welded to an L-shaped force-bearing plate for forward support.

[0010] In at least some embodiments, two positioning square rods are welded symmetrically on the outer circle of the rear end face of the motor, and a positioning ring is welded at the head end of the two positioning square rods. Two hexagonal short axes are slidably fitted with the two positioning rings through springs.

[0011] In at least some embodiments, a driving ring is slidably mounted on the two positioning square rods, and the driving ring slides forward and abuts against the rear end surface of the motor under normal conditions.

[0012] In at least some embodiments, two sliding square frames are symmetrically welded on the inner ring of the drive ring, the two sliding square frames are slidably matched with two positioning square rods, and two triangular push frames are symmetrically welded on the two sliding square frames.

[0013] In at least some embodiments, the two triangular push frames are slidably fitted with the sides of the two positioning square rods that are away from each other, and the two triangular push frames slide backwards so that the oblique edges abut against the rear end vertical support parts of the two L-shaped force-bearing plates.

[0014] In at least some embodiments, a semicircular mounting groove is arranged around the circumferential shell wall of the motor, and two electromagnetic push rods are installed inside two corresponding positions on the left and right of the semicircular mounting groove.

[0015] In at least some embodiments, the head ends of the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods are fixedly connected to the drive ring, and the power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods are connected in parallel with the power lines led out of the contactor for controlling the start and stop of the motor. The telescopic sliding of the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods can push and drive the drive ring to move forward and backward, providing a driving force for opening and closing the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks, and the power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods are connected in parallel with the power lines led out of the contactor for controlling the start and stop of the motor, and can be controlled to start and stop together with the motor. This eliminates the need to configure start and stop control circuits and electrical components specifically for the two electromagnetic push rods, which helps to reduce the implementation cost of the motor's two-way fast switching function. During specific use, when the motor is powered off or shut down or powered off for steering switching, the two electromagnetic push rods also lose power. At this time, the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods are The springs push inward (forward) to shrink and slide, and control the two triangular push frames to separate and disengage from the two L-shaped force plates, so that the two semicircular mounting covers and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks inside them are pushed and squeezed on the drive shaft of the motor by the springs on the two hexagonal short shafts (refer to the figure), braking and decelerating the motor, reducing the inertia of the motor rotor and the drive shaft, shortening the time the drive shaft stops rotating and the time the motor switches direction. When the motor is powered on or switched to the next direction after power failure, the two electromagnetic push rods are also electrically started, and the two triangular push frames and the two L-shaped force plates are pushed against each other by their piston rods, controlling the two semicircular mounting covers and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks inside them to move away from each other to release the drive shaft of the motor, thereby avoiding friction resistance to the normal starting of the motor.

[0016] In at least some embodiments, the rear end opening of the impeller cover is covered with a filter, and three mounting blocks are welded around the inner circle of the circumference of the front end opening of the impeller cover. The three mounting blocks are locked and fixedly connected to the rear end part of the motor by screws.

[0017] In at least some embodiments, when the two semicircular mounting covers are butted against each other, a gap is maintained between them, and when the two semicircular butt joint covers are engaged with the rear end portion of the air supply ring, a gap is also maintained between them.

[0018] The present invention provides a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] When the present invention is in use, the air supply ring separates the root section of a circle of blades inside it, and the root section of a circle of blades rotates in the cavity inside the air supply ring to draw wind to form an axial airflow passing through the air supply ring, and the axial airflow has a certain wind speed and directionality. When the two semicircular mounting covers are close to each other for docking brakes, the two semicircular docking covers are engaged with the rear end part of the air supply ring by a sleeve. At this time, the air supply ring is connected with the two semicircular docking covers and the two semicircular mounting covers to form a relatively closed axial cylinder-shaped air flow duct. The axial airflow formed inside the air supply ring can implement directional and concentrated suction or blowing heat dissipation on the two half-circles of fan-shaped brake blocks through the axial cylinder-shaped air flow duct. Compared with the traditional covering heat dissipation form of directly using a large-volume impeller to directly implement the brake pads and the drive shaft, the airflow passing through the two half-circles of fan-shaped brake blocks is more, the heat dissipation effect is more outstanding, and the temperature of the brake pads and the drive shaft can be reduced more quickly and effectively.

[0020] In addition, the heat dissipation grille helps the airflow to blow away the heat transferred from the fan-shaped brake blocks to the two semicircular mounting covers, which helps to indirectly improve the heat dissipation effect of the fan-shaped brake blocks. A flow gap is set between every two fan-shaped brake blocks, which facilitates the passage of heat dissipation airflow, helps to evenly and quickly take away the heat from the fan-shaped brake blocks, and improves the heat dissipation effect of the fan-shaped brake blocks.

[0021] In addition, the power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods are connected in parallel with the power lines led out of the contactor that controls the start and stop of the motor, and can be started and stopped together with the motor. This eliminates the need to configure start and stop control circuits and electrical components specifically for the two electromagnetic push rods, and helps reduce the implementation cost of the motor's two-way fast switching function.

[0022] In addition, when the motor is shut down or the steering direction is switched due to power failure, the two electromagnetic push rods also lose power. At this time, the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods are pushed inward (forward) by the springs on them to shrink and slide, and the two triangular push frames are controlled to separate and disengage from the two L-shaped force plates, so that the two semicircular mounting covers and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks inside them are pushed and squeezed onto the drive shaft of the motor by the springs on the two hexagonal short shafts, braking the motor to slow down, reducing the inertia of the motor rotor and the drive shaft, shortening the time the drive shaft stops and the time the motor switches direction.

[0023] In addition, when the two semicircular mounting covers are butted against each other, a gap is maintained between them. This gap can ensure that the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks can slide toward the drive shaft and fit against the drive shaft to make up for the gap between them and the drive shaft after wear, which is beneficial to fully utilizing the overall thickness of the fan-shaped brake blocks and ensuring the normal braking and deceleration function of the fan-shaped brake blocks after wear, and avoids the two semicircular mounting covers butting against each other to affect the compensatory slippage of the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks after wear, and when the two semicircular docking covers are fitted with the rear end part of the air supply ring, a gap is also maintained between them. This gap can avoid direct contact, wear and heat generation between the two semicircular docking covers and the air supply ring, and can also be used for the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks to follow the compensatory slippage toward the drive shaft after wear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiment are briefly introduced below.

[0025] The drawings described below are only related to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the attached picture:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the front structure of the motor of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the rear structure of the motor of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the impeller cover disassembly state of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rear structure of the semicircular mounting cover of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation impeller and the like of the present application is shown;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the drive ring of the present application is shown;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the semicircular mounting cover structure of the present application is shown;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the inner structure of the impeller cover of the present application is shown;

[0035] Fig. 9 The motor control circuit diagram of the present application is shown.

[0036] Reference numerals list

[0037] 1. Motor; 101. Semicircular mounting groove; 102. Positioning square rod;

[0038] 2. Impeller cover; 201. Mounting block;

[0039] 3. Electromagnetic push rod;

[0040] 4. Cooling impeller; 401. Air supply circle;

[0041] 5. Driving ring; 501. Sliding frame; 502. Triangular push frame;

[0042] 6. Semicircular mounting cover; 601. Semicircular docking cover; 602. Trapezoidal support frame; 603. Hexagonal short axis; 604. L-shaped load-bearing plate; 605. Fan-shaped brake block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 :

[0045] The present invention proposes a bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor, comprising: a motor 1, an impeller cover 2, a heat dissipation impeller 4 and a semicircular mounting cover 6; the semicircular mounting cover 6 comprises: a semicircular docking cover 601, a trapezoidal support frame 602, a hexagonal short shaft 603, an L-shaped force plate 604 and a fan-shaped brake block 605; the semicircular mounting cover 6 is symmetrically arranged at two locations, and the head ends of the two semicircular mounting covers 6 are both sleeved and welded with a semicircular docking cover 601 with a thickened radius, and the inner circles of the two semicircular mounting covers 6 are fixedly provided with a half-circle fan-shaped brake block 605; when braking, the upper and lower half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 are docked with a sleeve and squeezed on the driving shaft of the motor 1, and a flow gap is arranged between each two fan-shaped brake blocks 605, which facilitates the passage of heat dissipation airflow, is conducive to evenly and quickly taking away the heat on the fan-shaped brake block 605, and improves the heat dissipation effect of its body;

[0046] The head end of the motor 1 is provided with a heat dissipation impeller 4, and a wind supply circle 401 is fixedly provided on the root section of a circle of blades of the heat dissipation impeller 4. The heat dissipation impeller 4 can switch forward and reverse with the motor 1, and exhaust and blow air to dissipate heat for the motor 1 as a whole. The wind supply circle 401 separates the root section of a circle of blades inside it. The root section of a circle of blades rotates in the cavity inside the wind supply circle 401 to suck air and form an axial airflow passing through the wind supply circle 401. The axial airflow has a certain wind speed and directivity. When the two semicircular mounting covers 6 are close to each other and docked and braked, the two semicircular docking covers 601 and the wind supply circle The rear end of 401 is fitted with a sleeve. At this time, the air supply ring 401 is connected with two semicircular docking covers 601 and two semicircular mounting covers 6 to form a relatively closed shaft-shaped air flow passage. The axial airflow formed inside the air supply ring 401 can be used through the shaft-shaped air flow passage to implement directional and concentrated suction or blowing heat dissipation on the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605. Compared with the traditional covering heat dissipation form of using a large-volume impeller to directly implement the brake pads and drive shafts, more airflow passes through the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605, and the heat dissipation effect is more outstanding, which can more quickly and effectively reduce the temperature of the brake pads and the drive shaft;

[0047] An impeller cover 2 is sleeved on the head end of the motor 1 , and a heat dissipation impeller 4 and two semicircular mounting covers 6 are sleeved on the inner side of the impeller cover 2 .

[0048] In the disclosed embodiment, heat dissipation grilles are arranged around the circumferential outer walls of the two semicircular mounting covers 6 and the two semicircular docking covers 601. The heat dissipation grilles facilitate airflow to carry away heat transferred from the fan-shaped brake block 605 to the two semicircular mounting covers 6, which helps to indirectly improve the heat dissipation effect of the fan-shaped brake block 605. Two trapezoidal support frames 602 are welded to the middle parts of the two semicircular mounting covers 6 in an upward and downward manner, and two hexagonal short axes 603 are welded to the two trapezoidal support frames 602 in an upward and downward manner. The head ends of the two hexagonal short axes 603 are welded with an L-shaped force-bearing plate 604 for forward support.

[0049] In the disclosed embodiment, two positioning square rods 102 are welded symmetrically on the outer circle of the circumference of the rear end face of the motor 1, and a positioning ring is welded at the head end of the two positioning square rods 102. Two hexagonal short shafts 603 are slidably fitted with the two positioning rings through springs. Two semicircular mounting covers 6 are slidably installed on the two positioning square rods 102 through the two hexagonal short shafts 603 and are positioned by spring pushing.

[0050] In the disclosed embodiment, a driving ring 5 is slidably mounted on the two positioning square rods 102 . Under normal conditions, the driving ring 5 slides forward and abuts against the rear end surface of the motor 1 .

[0051] In the disclosed embodiment, two sliding frames 501 are symmetrically welded on the inner ring of the driving ring 5 , the two sliding frames 501 correspond to the two positioning square rods 102 for sliding cooperation, and two triangular push frames 502 are symmetrically welded on the two sliding frames 501 .

[0052] In the disclosed embodiment, the two triangular push frames 502 are slidably fitted with the sides of the two positioning square rods 102 that are away from each other, and the two triangular push frames 502 slide backward so that the oblique edges come into contact with the tail end vertical support parts of the two L-shaped force plates 604. Through the inclined surface guiding principle of the two triangular push frames 502 and in conjunction with the return springs on the two hexagonal short shafts 603, the driving ring 5 can slide back and forth to push and drive the two L-shaped force plates 604, the two hexagonal short shafts 603 and the two semicircular mounting covers 6 to slide up and down toward each other, thereby controlling the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 and the driving shaft of the motor 1 to open and close the tension.

[0053] In the disclosed embodiment, the rear end opening of the impeller cover 2 is covered with a filter screen, and three mounting blocks 201 are welded around the inner circle of the circumference of the front end opening of the impeller cover 2. The three mounting blocks 201 are locked and fixedly connected to the rear end part of the motor 1 by screws.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a gap is maintained between the two semicircular mounting covers 6 when they are butted against each other. This gap can ensure that the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 can slide toward the drive shaft and abut against the drive shaft to make up for the gap between them and the drive shaft after wear, which is conducive to full utilization of the overall thickness of the fan-shaped brake blocks 605 and ensures the normal braking and deceleration function of the fan-shaped brake blocks 605 after wear, and avoids the two semicircular mounting covers 6 butting against each other to affect the compensatory slip of the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 after wear. When the two semicircular docking covers 601 are fitted with the rear end part of the air supply circle 401 through a sleeve, a gap is also maintained between them. This gap can avoid direct contact, wear and heat generation between the two semicircular docking covers 601 and the air supply circle 401, and can also be used for the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 to follow the compensatory slip toward the drive shaft after wear.

[0055] On the basis of the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, a semicircular installation groove 101 is arranged around the circumferential shell wall of the motor 1, and two electromagnetic push rods 3 are installed inside the semicircular installation groove 101 at two corresponding positions on the left and right.

[0056] In the disclosed embodiment, the head ends of the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are fixedly connected to the drive ring 5, and the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 can push and drive the drive ring 5 to move forward and backward, providing a driving force for opening and closing the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605, and the power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are connected in parallel with the power lines led out of the contactor for controlling the start and stop of the motor 1, and can be controlled to start and stop together with the motor 1, which saves the need to configure a start and stop control circuit and electrical components specifically for the two electromagnetic push rods 3, which helps to reduce the motor 1 The implementation cost of the two-way fast switching function. In the specific use process, when the motor 1 is powered off and stopped or powered off for steering switching, the two electromagnetic push rods 3 also lose power. At this time, the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are pushed inward (forward) by the springs thereon to shrink and slide, and the two triangular push frames 502 are controlled to separate and disengage from the two L-shaped force plates 604, so that the two semicircular mounting covers 6 and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 inside them are pushed and squeezed on the driving shaft of the motor 1 by the springs on the two hexagonal short shafts 603 (refer to Figure 3 ), brake and slow down the motor 1, reduce the inertia of the rotor and the drive shaft of the motor 1, shorten the time when the drive shaft stops and the time when the motor 1 switches direction. When the motor 1 is powered on or switched back on after power failure, the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are also electrically started, and the two triangular push frames 502 and the two L-shaped force plates 604 are pushed against each other through their piston rods, and the two semicircular mounting covers 6 and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 inside are controlled to move away from each other to release the drive shaft of the motor 1, so as to avoid friction resistance to the normal starting of the motor 1.

[0057] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: through the inclined plane guiding principle of the two triangular push frames 502 and in conjunction with the return springs on the two hexagonal short shafts 603, the driving ring 5 can slide forward and backward to push and drive the two L-shaped force plates 604, the two hexagonal short shafts 603 and the two semicircular mounting covers 6 to slide upward and downward toward each other, and control the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 and the driving shaft of the motor 1 to implement opening and closing, loosening and tightening, and the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 can slide and push and drive the driving ring 5 to move forward and backward, providing the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 with a driving force for opening and closing;

[0058] The power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are connected in parallel with the power lines led out of the contactor that controls the start and stop of the motor 1, and can be controlled to start and stop together with the motor 1, which saves the need to configure start and stop control circuits and electrical components specifically for the two electromagnetic push rods 3, and helps to reduce the implementation cost of the two-way fast switching function of the motor 1. During specific use, when the motor 1 is powered off and stopped or powered off for steering switching, the two electromagnetic push rods 3 also lose power. At this time, the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are pushed inward (forward) by the springs thereon to shrink and slide, and control the two triangular push frames 502 to separate and disengage from the two L-shaped force plates 604, so that the two semicircular mounting covers 6 and the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 inside them are pushed and squeezed onto the drive shaft of the motor 1 by the springs on the two hexagonal short shafts 603 (refer to Figure 3 ), brake and decelerate the motor 1, reduce the inertia on the rotor and drive shaft of the motor 1, shorten the time when the drive shaft stops and the time when the motor 1 switches direction, when the motor 1 is powered on or switched back on after power failure, the two electromagnetic push rods 3 are also electrically started, and the two triangular push frames 502 and the two L-shaped force plates 604 are pushed against each other through their piston rods, and the two semicircular mounting covers 6 and the two semicircular fan-shaped brake blocks 605 inside are controlled to move away from each other to release the drive shaft of the motor 1, so as to avoid friction resistance to the normal starting of the motor 1;

[0059] The heat dissipation impeller 4 can switch forward and reverse with the motor 1 to implement exhaust and blowing heat dissipation for the motor 1 as a whole, and the air supply circle 401 separates the root section of a circle of blades inside it. The root section of a circle of blades rotates in the cavity inside the air supply circle 401 to suck wind to form an axial airflow passing through the air supply circle 401. The axial airflow has a certain wind speed and directionality. When the two semicircular mounting covers 6 are close to each other for docking and braking, the two semicircular docking covers 601 are engaged with the rear end part of the air supply circle 401 by a sleeve. At this time, the air supply circle 401 is connected with the two semicircular docking covers 601 and the two semicircular mounting covers 6 to form a relatively closed axial cylinder-shaped air flow duct. The axial airflow formed inside the air supply circle 401 can implement directional and concentrated suction or blowing heat dissipation on the two half-circle fan-shaped brake blocks 605 through the axial cylinder-shaped air flow duct.

[0060] In this article, there are a few points to note:

[0061] 1. The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only involve structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to general designs.

[0062] 2. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0063] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor, including: An electric motor (1), an impeller cover (2), a heat dissipation impeller (4) and a semicircular mounting cover (6); the feature of the semicircular mounting cover (6) is that the semicircular mounting cover (6) comprises: A semicircular docking cover (601), a trapezoidal support frame (602), a hexagonal short axis (603), an L-shaped force plate (604) and a fan-shaped brake block (605); the semicircular mounting cover (6) is symmetrically arranged at two locations, and the head ends of the two semicircular mounting covers (6) are both sleeved and welded with a semicircular docking cover (601) with a thickened radius, and the inner circles of the two semicircular mounting covers (6) are fixedly provided with a half-circle fan-shaped brake block (605); when braking, the upper and lower half-circles of the fan-shaped brake blocks (605) are docked with the card sleeve and squeezed on the driving shaft of the motor (1); The head end of the motor (1) is provided with a heat dissipation impeller (4), and a wind supply ring (401) is fixedly provided on the root section of a circle of blades of the heat dissipation impeller (4), and when the two semicircular mounting covers (6) are brought close to each other for docking and braking, the two semicircular docking covers (601) are engaged with the rear end portion of the wind supply ring (401) by means of a sleeve; An impeller cover (2) is mounted on the head end of the motor (1), and a heat dissipation impeller (4) and two semicircular mounting covers (6) are mounted on the inner side of the impeller cover (2); The circumferential outer walls of the two semicircular mounting covers (6) and the two semicircular docking covers (601) are surrounded by heat dissipation grille sheets, and the middle parts of the two semicircular mounting covers (6) are welded with two trapezoidal support frames (602) facing each other in an upward and downward manner, and the two trapezoidal support frames (602) are welded with two hexagonal short axes (603) facing each other in an upward and downward manner, and the head ends of the two hexagonal short axes (603) are welded with an L-shaped force-bearing plate (604) supporting forwards; Two positioning square rods (102) are welded symmetrically on the outer circumference of the rear end surface of the motor (1), the head ends of the two positioning square rods (102) are welded with a positioning ring, and two hexagonal short shafts (603) are slidably matched with the two positioning rings through springs; A driving ring (5) is slidably mounted on the two positioning square rods (102), and the driving ring (5) slides forward and abuts against the rear end surface of the motor (1) in a normal state; Two sliding square frames (501) are symmetrically welded on the inner ring of the driving ring (5), the two sliding square frames (501) are correspondingly slidably matched with the two positioning square rods (102), and two triangular push frames (502) are symmetrically welded on the two sliding square frames (501); The two triangular push frames (502) are slidably fitted with the sides of the two positioning square rods (102) that are away from each other, and the two triangular push frames (502) slide backwards and the oblique edges thereof abut against the rear end vertical support parts of the two L-shaped force-bearing plates (604); A semicircular mounting groove (101) is arranged around the circumferential shell wall of the motor (1), and two electromagnetic push rods (3) are installed inside the semicircular mounting groove (101) at two corresponding positions on the left and right. The head ends of the piston rods of the two electromagnetic push rods (3) are fixedly connected to the drive ring (5), and the power lines of the two electromagnetic push rods (3) are connected in parallel with the power lines drawn from the contactor for controlling the start and stop of the motor (1).

2. The bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear end opening of the impeller cover (2) is covered with a filter screen, and three mounting blocks (201) are welded around the inner circumference of the front end opening of the impeller cover (2), and the three mounting blocks (201) are locked and fixedly connected to the rear end part of the motor (1) by screw locking.

3. The bidirectional switching permanent magnet brushless DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the two semicircular mounting covers (6) are butted against each other, a gap is maintained between them, and when the two semicircular butt joint covers (601) are engaged with the rear end portion of the air supply ring (401), a gap is also maintained between them.

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