Reversible swing type dry land pot seedling taking seedling mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to a reversible swing type dry land pot seedling taking seedling mechanism which belongs to agricultural machinery. A planetary shaft is fixed on a gear box shell of a non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism, a primary driving gear and a seedling pushing cam are fixed on the other side of the planetary shaft, a seedling taking arm shell is fixed with the planetary gear, a seedling pushing mechanism, a transmission module composed of a primary driving gear, a primary driven gear, a transmission shaft I, a secondary driving gear, a secondary driven gear and a transmission shaft II and a swing module composed of an end face cam I, an end face cam II, a seedling taking compression spring, a seedling taking swing rod I, a seedling taking swing rod II, a seedling taking swing rod shaft, a seedling taking swing rod link I, a seedling taking swing rod link II, a seedling needle sliding block I, a seedling needle sliding block II, a seedling needle I and a seedling needle II are assembled on the seedling taking arm shell to form a seedling taking mechanism assembly. The mechanism can be matched with a continuous transverse seedling providing mechanism to realize seedling taking in a relatively static state, the structure is novel and compact, the damage of seedling needles to seedlings in the seedling taking process is greatly reduced, and the seedling taking efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to a reversible swing-type dryland seedling picking mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Pot seedling transplanting is widely used in the transplanting of various crop seedlings in dryland areas due to its advantages such as making full use of light and heat resources, shortening the field growth cycle, improving crop survival rate, and resisting damage from pests and diseases. Currently, the key to fully automated dryland pot seedling transplanting machinery lies in the seedling removal stage. This stage requires the operation of a core mechanism to remove the seedlings from the seedling trays, and then continue transporting the seedlings to the planting machinery to complete the planting. Alternatively, the core mechanism can directly transport and plant the seedlings after completing the seedling removal process. To ensure that dryland crop seedlings have sufficient growth space and nutrients during the seedling stage, most of the pot seedlings grown in seedling trays have different characteristics and are relatively large in size, making the mechanical seedling removal process extremely difficult.

[0003] Currently, whether the core seedling-harvesting mechanism grasps the seedling stem or the seedling pot, in order to remove the seedlings more stably, a laterally moving seedling supply mechanism is needed to control the seedling box containing the seedlings to stop at the harvesting position, so that the seedlings are grasped while stationary. This intermittent movement greatly reduces the overall seedling-harvesting efficiency. At the same time, the inertial force of the seedling box and seedlings driven by the overall seedling supply mechanism during the start-stop process is large, which will cause significant vibration and lead to seedlings falling off. If the lateral seedling supply mechanism operates continuously at a constant speed, interference between the seedling-harvesting mechanism and the seedling box during the harvesting process is likely to occur. This can cause serious damage to the seedlings or even make it impossible for the machine to operate, seriously affecting the efficiency and quality of the dryland seedling harvesting process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in conjunction with the needs of agricultural production operations, to design a reversible swing-type dryland seedling picking mechanism based on the continuous transverse seedling feeding mechanism. This mechanism drives the seedling picking assembly through a non-circular gear planetary gear system. It not only achieves the transplanting trajectory and posture during the picking process but also maintains the same transverse movement speed as the continuous transverse feeding mechanism. This ensures that the speed of the seedling needle and the transversely moving seedling remain relatively stationary during picking, significantly reducing damage to the seedlings and increasing the efficiency of seedling picking during transplanting.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is achieved as follows: a reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism includes a non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism and a seedling harvesting mechanism assembly. One end of the planetary shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gearbox housing of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism. The seedling harvesting mechanism assembly is rotatably mounted on the planetary shaft at a location on the outer side of the gearbox housing of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism via the seedling harvesting arm housing. The inner side of the seedling harvesting arm housing is fixedly connected to the planetary gears of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism. The other end of the planetary shaft is fixedly connected to the seedling pushing cam of the seedling harvesting mechanism assembly, enabling transmission... Shaft I and transmission shaft II are rotatably mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing. Both sides of transmission shaft I are fixedly connected to a primary driven gear and a secondary driving gear, respectively. The outer side of transmission shaft II is fixedly connected to the secondary driven gear. A primary driving gear is fixedly connected to the planetary shaft, located inside the seedling-pushing cam. The primary driving gear meshes with the primary driven gear, and the secondary driving gear meshes with the secondary driven gear. The middle portion of transmission shaft II is fixedly connected to end face cam I and end face cam II, respectively. The seedling-picking swing arm shafts are rotatably mounted side-by-side on the seedling-picking arm housing. Seedling swing arm I and seedling swing arm II are respectively mounted on the seedling-picking swing arm shafts. The two ends of the seedling-picking compression spring press against the seedling-picking arm housing and the seedling-picking swing rod I and seedling-picking swing rod II, respectively. One end of the seedling-picking swing rod I is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam I, and the other end of the seedling-picking swing rod I is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking swing rod link I. One end of the seedling-picking swing rod II is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam II, and the other end of the seedling-picking swing rod II is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking swing rod link II. The seedling-picking swing rod link I and the seedling-picking swing rod link II are movably mounted on the seedling needle slider I and the seedling needle slider II, respectively. The seedling needle slider I and the seedling needle slider II are movably mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing. The seedling needle I and the seedling needle II are fixed to the seedling needle slider I and the seedling needle slider II at a certain angle, respectively. The seedling needle I and the seedling needle II are arranged symmetrically.

[0006] The transmission ratio between the first-stage driving gear and the first-stage driven gear is 4:1, and the transmission ratio between the second-stage driving gear and the second-stage driven gear is 4:1.

[0007] The end face cam I and end face cam II are arranged at a 180° angle, with end face cam II located to the right of end face cam I. There is a distance between end face cam I and end face cam II that is slightly longer than the thickness of the seedling pushing cam.

[0008] Both end face cam I and end face cam II are divided into 16 equal parts, with 8 adjacent parts forming a group. Each part controls the seedling needle to swing back and forth once, and the direction of the seedling needle swinging is changed between the 8th and 9th parts and between the 16th and 1st parts.

[0009] The end faces formed by end face cam I and end face cam II are not mirror images of each other, which satisfies the requirement that during the left and right swinging process of seedling needle I and seedling needle II, there is a relative speed difference between the swinging speeds of seedling needle I and seedling needle II at a certain stage.

[0010] This invention combines a rotary non-circular gear planetary gear system with a seedling-picking mechanism assembly. The non-circular planetary gear system's non-uniform speed transmission controls the seedling needles on the reversible swing-type dryland seedling-picking mechanism, enabling a unique transplanting trajectory and posture during seedling picking. Simultaneously, through the coordination of the transmission module, swing module, and pushing mechanism within the seedling-picking mechanism assembly, the seedling-picking mechanism and the continuous lateral seedling supply mechanism work together in a relatively static state for seedling picking. The end-face cam cooperates with the seedling-picking swing arm, and the pushing cam cooperates with the pushing fork, allowing the seedling needles in the reversible swing-type dryland seedling-picking mechanism to perform reversible lateral swinging, opening and closing, and cooperating with the forced pushing mechanism to complete the reversible swing-type seedling picking. After picking, the needles swing back to their original position for pushing. This mechanism has a novel, reasonable, and compact structure, effectively reducing the damage to the seedling roots, pot, or stem during seedling picking, thus ensuring the integrity of the seedlings. It also achieves coordination with the continuous lateral seedling supply operation, improving seedling picking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end face arrangement of end face cam I (left) and end face cam II (right);

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the developed contours of the end face cam I (upper) and end face cam II (lower).

[0014] Part number description in the image:

[0015] 1. Non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism; 2. Gearbox housing; 3. Planetary shaft; 4. Planetary gear; 5. Seedling picking mechanism assembly; 6. Seedling picking compression spring; 7. Seedling picking swing arm I; 8. Seedling picking arm housing; 9. Seedling picking swing arm chain link I; 10. Seedling needle I; 11. Seedling needle II; 12. Seedling picking swing arm chain link II; 13. Seedling picking swing arm II; 14. Seedling picking swing arm shaft; 15. Secondary driven gear; 16. Transmission shaft II; 17. Transmission shaft I; 8. Second-stage driving gear; 19. First-stage driving gear; 20. First-stage driven gear; 21. Seedling needle slider II; 22. Seedling needle slider I; 23. End face cam II; 24. End face cam I; 25. Seedling pushing cam; T1. End face cam unfolding point; T2. End face cam unfolding direction; T3-1. Inner side seedling needle picking stage; T3-2. Outer side seedling needle picking stage; T4. Seedling pulling stage; T5. Seedling delivery stage; T6. Seedling pushing stage; T7. Return stage; T8. Right-left switching point; T9. Left-right switching point. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. A reversible swing-type dryland seedling picking mechanism includes a non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1 and a seedling picking mechanism assembly 5. One end of the inner side of the planetary shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gearbox housing 2 of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1. The seedling picking mechanism assembly 5 is mounted and fitted on the planetary shaft 3 at the outer part of the gearbox housing 2 of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1 through the seedling picking arm housing 8 of the seedling picking mechanism assembly 5, so that the seedling picking mechanism assembly 5 is rotatably mounted on the planetary shaft 3. The inner side of the seedling picking arm housing 8 is fixedly connected to the planetary gear 4 of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1. The other end of the planetary shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the seedling pushing cam 25 of the seedling picking mechanism assembly 5. The transmission shaft I 17 and the transmission shaft II 16 are rotatably mounted on On the seedling-harvesting arm housing 8, the two sides of the transmission shaft I 17 are respectively fixedly connected to the first-stage driven gear 20 and the second-stage driving gear 18. The outer side of the transmission shaft II 16 is fixedly connected to the second-stage driven gear 15. The first-stage driving gear 19 is fixedly connected to the planetary shaft 3 at the inner part of the seedling-pushing cam 25. The first-stage driving gear 19 meshes with the first-stage driven gear 20, and the second-stage driving gear 18 meshes with the second-stage driven gear 15. The middle part of the transmission shaft II 16 is fixedly connected to the end face cam I 24 and the end face cam II 23 respectively. The seedling-harvesting swing rod shaft 14 is rotatably mounted side by side on the seedling-harvesting arm housing 8. The seedling-harvesting swing rod I 7 and the seedling-harvesting swing rod II 13 are respectively mounted on the seedling-harvesting swing rod shaft 14. The two ends of the seedling-picking compression spring 6 press against the seedling-picking arm housing 8 and the seedling-picking swing rod I 7 and seedling-picking swing rod II 13, respectively. One end of the seedling-picking swing rod I 7 is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam I 24, and the other end of the seedling-picking swing rod I 7 is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking swing rod link I 9. One end of the seedling-picking swing rod II 13 is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam II 23, and the other end of the seedling-picking swing rod II 13 is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking swing rod link II 12. The seedling-picking swing rod link I 9 and the seedling-picking swing rod link II 12 are respectively movably mounted on the seedling needle slider I 22 and the seedling needle slider II 21. The seedling needle slider I 22 and the seedling needle slider II 21 are movably mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing 8. The seedling needle I 10 and the seedling needle II 11 are respectively fixed to the seedling needle slider I 22 and the seedling needle slider II 21 at a certain angle. The seedling needle I 10 and the seedling needle II 11 are arranged symmetrically.

[0017] The transmission ratio between the first-stage driving gear 19 and the first-stage driven gear 20 is 4:1; the transmission ratio between the second-stage driving gear 18 and the second-stage driven gear 15 is 4:1.

[0018] The end face cam I 24 and end face cam II 23 are arranged at a 180° angle, with end face cam II 23 located to the right of end face cam I 24. There is a distance between end face cam I 24 and end face cam II 23 that is slightly longer than the thickness of the seedling pushing cam 25.

[0019] Both end face cam I 24 and end face cam II 23 are divided into 16 equal parts, with 8 adjacent parts forming a group. Each part controls the seedling needle to swing back and forth once, and the direction of the seedling needle swinging is changed between the 8th and 9th parts and between the 16th and 1st parts.

[0020] The end faces formed by the end face cam I 24 and the end face cam II 23 are not mirror images of each other, which satisfies the requirement that during the left and right swinging process of seedling needle I 10 and seedling needle II 11, there is a relative movement speed difference between the swinging speed of seedling needle I 10 and seedling needle II 11 at a certain stage.

[0021] During operation, power is transmitted through the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1, which drives the gearbox housing 2 of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism 1 to rotate at a uniform speed, while the planetary gears 4 rotate at unequal speeds. The seedling-picking arm housing 8, which is fixed to the planetary gears 4, receives unequal speed transmission power relative to the gearbox housing 2, thus causing the seedling-clamping mechanism mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing 8 to form a special seedling-picking trajectory and posture. The gearbox housing 2, through the planetary shaft 3 fixed to it, drives the first-stage driving gear 19 and the seedling-pushing cam 25, which are fixed to the other end of the planetary shaft 3, to rotate. The first-stage driving gear 19 and the seedling-pushing cam 25 respectively drive the transmission module and the seedling-pushing mechanism on the seedling-picking mechanism assembly 5. In the transmission module, the first-stage driving gear 19 transmits power to the first-stage driven gear 20 fixed to one side of the transmission shaft I 17, and drives the second-stage driving gear 18 fixed to the other side of the transmission shaft I 17 to rotate, while the second-stage driven gear 18 meshes with it. The moving gear 15 obtains power, which in turn drives the end face cam I 24 and end face cam II 23, which are coaxially fixed to it in the swing module, to rotate. The end face cam I 24 and end face cam II 23 drive one end of the seedling picking swing rod I 7 and seedling picking swing rod II 13, which are hinged to the seedling picking swing rod shaft 14 and are in close contact with the outer edge of the cam via the seedling picking compression spring 6. Then, the seedling picking swing rod chain link I 9 and seedling picking swing rod chain link II 12, which are hinged to the other end of the seedling picking swing rod I 7 and seedling picking swing rod II 13, move, causing the seedling needle slider I 22 and seedling needle slider II 21 installed on the seedling picking arm housing 8 to drive the seedling needle I 10 and seedling needle II 11 to reciprocate and swing. In the seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling pushing cam 25 transmits power to the seedling pushing fork, seedling pushing fork chain link and seedling pushing rod that are matched with it, so as to realize the forced seedling pushing and retraction action of the seedling pushing rod in the corresponding position in conjunction with the seedling picking mechanism.

[0022] This mechanism operates in conjunction with a continuous transverse seedling supply mechanism. It uses a seedling tray with eight seedling holes per row for dryland planting. After continuously supplying seedlings to eight holes at a uniform transverse speed, the entire tray moves longitudinally a distance to begin supplying the next row of seedlings. At this point, the direction of seedling supply changes. When the seedling supply mechanism supplies seedlings to the right (left), the seedling needles I10 and II11, controlled by end-face cams I24 and II23, achieve the following: During the outer seedling needle picking stage T3-2, end-face cam II23 controls the swing speed of seedling needle II11 (seedling needle I10) to be equal to the transverse seedling supply speed; during the inner seedling needle picking stage T3-1, end-face cam I24 controls the swing speed of seedling needle I10 (seedling needle II11) to be slightly greater than the transverse seedling supply speed, thus clamping the seedling pot or seedling stem; during the seedling pulling stage T4, the swing speed of seedling needles I10 and II11 is equal to the transverse seedling supply speed. The entire process of pulling seedlings is achieved by moving along the trajectory. During the seedling delivery stage T5, the swing speeds of seedling needle I10 and seedling needle II11 are equal, and they maintain a tight grip on the pot or seedling stem for seedling delivery. Before reaching the pushing position, the needle II11 (seedling needle I10) swings back to its initial position. During the pushing stage T6, seedling needle II11 (seedling needle I10) remains stationary. While seedling needle I10 (seedling needle II11) swings back to its initial state, the pushing rod forcibly pushes the seedlings to achieve the pushing process. During the return stage T7, seedling needle I10 and seedling needle II11 maintain the center position of the seedling needles to prepare for the next seedling removal, thus completing a complete seedling removal process. When the cam moves to the right-left switching point T8, the profile of end face cam I 24 is ready to move to a lower position, and the profile of end face cam II 23 is ready to move to a higher position, so that the seedling needle swinging mechanism swings from right to left to pick up seedlings; similarly, when the cam moves to the left-right switching point T9, the seedling needle swinging mechanism swings from left to right to pick up seedlings, and so on in a cyclical operation.

Claims

1. A reversible swing-type dryland seedling picking mechanism, comprising a non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism (1) and a seedling picking mechanism assembly (5), wherein one end of the inner side of the planetary shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the gearbox housing (2) of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism (1), and the seedling picking mechanism assembly (5) is mounted and fitted on the planetary shaft (3) at the outer part of the gearbox housing (2) of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism (1) through the seedling picking arm housing (8), thereby rotatably mounting the seedling picking mechanism assembly (5) on the planetary shaft (3), wherein the inner side of the seedling picking arm housing (8) is fixedly connected to the planetary gear (4) of the non-circular gear planetary gear train mechanism (1), and the other end of the planetary shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the seedling pushing cam (25) of the seedling picking mechanism assembly (5), characterized in that: Drive shaft I (17) and drive shaft II (16) are rotatably mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing (8). Both sides of drive shaft I (17) are fixedly connected to a first-stage driven gear (20) and a second-stage driving gear (18), respectively. The outer side of drive shaft II (16) is fixedly connected to a second-stage driven gear (15). A first-stage driving gear (19) is fixedly connected to the planetary shaft (3) at the inner part of the seedling-pushing cam (25). The first-stage driving gear (19) and the first-stage driven gear (18) are... 20) The secondary drive gear (18) meshes with the secondary driven gear (15). The middle part of the transmission shaft II (16) is fixedly connected to the end face cam I (24) and the end face cam II (23) respectively. The seedling picking swing arm shaft (14) is rotatably mounted side by side on the seedling picking arm housing (8). The seedling picking swing arm I (7) and the seedling picking swing arm II (13) are respectively mounted on the seedling picking swing arm shaft (14). The two ends of the seedling picking compression spring (6) press against the seedling picking arm housing (8) and the seedling picking arm housing (8) respectively. On the pendulum rod I (7) and the seedling-picking pendulum rod II (13), one end of the seedling-picking pendulum rod I (7) is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam I (24), and the other end of the seedling-picking pendulum rod I (7) is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking pendulum rod link I (9). One end of the seedling-picking pendulum rod II (13) is in close contact with the outer end face of the end face cam II (23), and the other end of the seedling-picking pendulum rod II (13) is hinged to a hinge point of the seedling-picking pendulum rod link II (12). The seedling-picking lever link I (9) and seedling-picking lever link II (12) are movably mounted on the seedling needle slider I (22) and seedling needle slider II (21), respectively. The seedling needle slider I (22) and seedling needle slider II (21) are movably mounted on the seedling-picking arm housing (8). The seedling needle I (10) and seedling needle II (11) are fixedly connected to the seedling needle slider I (22) and seedling needle slider II (21) at a certain angle, respectively. The seedling needle I (10) and seedling needle II (11) are arranged symmetrically.

2. The reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the first-stage driving gear (19) and the first-stage driven gear (20) is 4:1, and the transmission ratio between the second-stage driving gear (18) and the second-stage driven gear (15) is 4:

1.

3. The reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face cam I (24) and end face cam II (23) are arranged at a 180° angle. End face cam II (23) is arranged to the right of end face cam I (24). There is a distance between end face cam I (24) and end face cam II (23) that is slightly longer than the thickness of the seedling pushing cam (25).

4. The reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the end face cam I (24) and the end face cam II (23) are divided into 16 equal parts, with 8 adjacent parts forming a group. Each part controls the seedling needle to swing back and forth once, and the direction of the seedling needle swing is changed between the 8th and 9th parts and between the 16th and 1st parts.

5. The reversible swing-type dryland seedling harvesting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end faces formed by the end face cam I (24) and the end face cam II (23) are not mirror images of each other, which satisfies that during the swinging process of seedling needle I (10) and seedling needle II (11), there is a relative movement speed difference between the swinging speed of seedling needle I (10) and seedling needle II (11) at a certain stage.

Images