A buffer structure and buffering method for ore unloading at a ore pass

Abstract

This invention provides a buffer structure and method for ore unloading in a ore pass, comprising a vertical main ore pass and an inclined branch ore pass. A buffer chamber is excavated on the outer side of the intersection of the main ore pass and the branch ore pass. The buffer chamber is used to fill fine ore, and the inclination direction of the buffer chamber is the same as that of the branch ore pass. A closed buffer device is installed at the entrance of the buffer chamber near the main ore pass. The buffer device is elastic. A dividing device is installed in the middle of the buffer chamber, dividing the buffer chamber into a buffer chamber located on the upper side and a storage chamber located on the lower side. The invention also includes a fine ore conveying device. This invention can increase the buffering and energy dissipation structure of the buffer chamber, reduce the frequency of maintenance of the buffer chamber by workers, improve the efficiency of underground construction, and ensure the safety of the underground structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining construction technology, and in particular to a buffer structure and buffering method for ore unloading in a ore pass. Background Technology

[0002] The main pass is the critical engineering element for storing and transporting ore in underground metal mines, and its stability and smooth operation directly affect the normal production of the mine. Because the main pass is affected by both static stress fields and impact loads, its stress state is complex, its stability is poor, and its failure rate is high. When a main pass collapses, it will cause the shutdown of part of the mine, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, in light of actual production conditions, in-depth research into the failure mechanism of the main pass, and the adoption of reasonable and effective new unloading outlet structures to prevent excessive wear and collapse and extend the service life of the pass are of paramount importance to ensuring safe and stable production.

[0003] The main ore body of a certain copper mine adopts the large-diameter deep hole void filling method followed by one-time filling, the thin to medium-thick gently dipping ore body adopts the segmented void filling method, and the small ore body and residual ore adopt the shallow hole retention method. The mine's production scale is about 1.2 million tons / year.

[0004] There are many main ore passes, distributed among the four ore bodies. Due to the complex engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions of the surrounding rock of some ore passes, they have been subjected to the impact load of unloading waste rock and ore discharge for a long time, resulting in poor stability conditions. During production and use, there are problems such as wear and tear and even collapse. For example, ore passes No. 22 and No. 23 of a certain ore body and No. 1 ore pass of a deep ore body have been abandoned due to collapse.

[0005] The ore chute structure using a powder ore buffer platform can buffer the initial strong impact of ore unloading by the loader on the chute wall, and cause the ore flow to reverse, thereby effectively reducing its initial horizontal velocity. It is a chute unloading structure with a small workload and convenient construction. However, the existing buffer chamber structure is simple, lacking a complete external buffer sealing structure and a complete powder ore separation and replenishment structure. After the ore impact exceeds a predetermined number of times, the buffer chamber needs to be repaired. Frequent repairs of the buffer chamber affect the construction efficiency of the mine and threaten the safety of the underground structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a buffer structure and method for unloading ore in a ore pass. This invention can increase the buffer and energy dissipation structure of the buffer chamber, reduce the frequency of maintenance of the buffer chamber by workers, improve the efficiency of underground construction, and ensure the safety of the underground structure.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A ore ore unloading buffer structure includes a vertical main ore ...

[0009] Preferably, the axis of the branch chute forms a buffer angle with the axis of the main chute, and the buffer angle ranges from 50° to 55°.

[0010] Preferably, the buffer device includes a wire mesh, a sealing cloth, and a buffer steel plate arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and an elastic component is provided between the buffer device and the buffer chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the buffer device is reinforced with steel bars, concrete, and a buffer steel plate to form a reinforced support assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the separating device includes a separating baffle, the top of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer chamber via a rotating connector, and a counterweight is fixed to the bottom of the separating baffle.

[0013] Preferably, the powder conveying device includes a conveying channel, the top of the buffer chamber forms a discharge opening that communicates with the conveying channel, and there is a predetermined lateral distance between the conveying channel and the buffer device.

[0014] Preferably, a branch chute opening is formed at the top of the branch chute, and a ore discharge chamber is formed outside the branch chute opening.

[0015] Preferably, a main chute wellhead is formed at the top of the main chute, and a drill rig chamber is formed outside the main chute wellhead.

[0016] A buffering method for a ore unloading buffer structure in a ore pass includes the following steps: S1, ore is fed into a branch ore pass, and the ore rolls toward the buffer chamber, thereby achieving buffering and energy dissipation of the rolling ore through the buffer chamber; S2, after the ore is fed in a predetermined number of times, the fine ore in the storage chamber is directionally transported to the buffer chamber through a fine ore conveying device to replenish the fine ore in the buffer chamber.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] By adopting a branch ore pass buffer chamber structure, the ore flow first collides and dissipates energy with the ore powder in the buffer chamber within the branch ore pass. Then, propelled by the subsequent ore flow, it undergoes a lateral tumbling motion before falling into the main ore pass. After experiencing buffering, energy dissipation, and lateral tumbling motion, the normal velocity of the ore particles relative to the main ore pass decreases. This effectively protects the intersection of the two passes from direct impact damage by the unloading ore flow, protects the main ore pass wall from impact by large pieces of ore, and extends the service life of the pass. Furthermore, by setting up ore powder conveying devices and separating devices, the relative uniformity of the ore in the buffer chamber can be ensured, eliminating voids at the top and ensuring consistent ore powder support. This ensures that the overall structure, especially the buffer device, can continuously and stably perform its buffering and energy dissipation functions. This invention can increase the buffering and energy dissipation structure of the buffer chamber, reduce the frequency of maintenance by workers, improve underground construction efficiency, and ensure the safety of the underground structure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross-section structure.

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-section structure.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buffer chamber of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Main ore pass; 11. Main ore pass opening; 2. Branch ore pass; 21. Branch ore pass opening; 3. Raised drilling rig chamber; 4. Ore discharge chamber; 5. Buffer device; 6. Buffer chamber; 7. Powder ore conveying device; 71. Discharge opening; 8. Separation device; 81. Rotating connecting piece. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] See attached document Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 A ore chute unloading buffer structure includes a vertical main chute 1 and an inclined branch chute 2. A buffer chamber 6 is excavated on the outer side of the intersection of the main chute 1 and the branch chute 2. The buffer chamber 6 is used to fill fine ore. The inclined direction of the buffer chamber 6 is the same as that of the branch chute 2. When ore is thrown into the branch chute 2, the ore rolls towards the buffer chamber 6 under the action of gravity. The buffer chamber 6 can buffer the ore to reduce the impact of the rolling ore and protect the inner wall structure of the main chute 1.

[0026] By reasonably altering the layout of the branch ore passes, staggering them from the main ore pass, and adding a fine ore buffer chamber, the protection of the main ore pass wall will be improved, as shown in the figure. Specifically, the branch ore pass 2 is offset from the main ore pass 1 by 1 / 2 the ore pass diameter along its central axis (vertical space). The branch ore pass 2 is then excavated downwards at a 55° angle along the ore pass direction, with a cross-section enlarged by 1.0~1.5m, continuing for 3~4m to form the fine ore buffer chamber 6 at the bottom of the shaft. This is in addition to the normal lining support of the ore pass wall.

[0027] The branch ore 2 has a cross-section of 2.2m and a length of 9.2m; the buffer chamber has a circular cross-section of 2.2m and a length of 4.2m. The above dimensions are designed to meet the passage of most ores and provide adaptive buffering.

[0028] To enhance the energy dissipation effect of the fine ore in the buffer chamber 6 and prevent the fine ore from splashing and affecting the working environment underground, a closed buffer device 5 is installed at the entrance of the buffer chamber 6 near the main ore pass 1. The buffer device 5 is elastic and can form a buffer layer on the outside, which can work with the fine ore to buffer the rolling ore. At the same time, the buffer device 5 can seal the fine ore to prevent it from splashing after impact.

[0029] During the impact, some fine ore is lost, creating a gap inside the buffer device 5. To ensure the buffering effect of the buffer device 5, a dividing device 8 is installed in the middle of the buffer chamber 6, dividing the buffer chamber 6 into a buffer chamber located on the upper side and a storage chamber located on the lower side. It also includes a fine ore conveying device 7, which directionally conveys the fine ore in the storage chamber to the buffer chamber to replenish the fine ore in the buffer chamber. After the ore impact has been delayed for a predetermined time, a gap is formed in the buffer chamber. At this time, by conveying the fine ore in the storage chamber to the buffer chamber, the fine ore in the buffer chamber can be kept full, ensuring that the buffer device 5 can obtain sufficient support and ensure its buffering effect.

[0030] It should be noted that the separating device 8 is configured such that a separating component is fixedly installed on the side of the separating device 8 facing the buffer device 5. When the fine ore is impacted by the ore, it exerts an outward impact force on the separating device 8, and some of the fine ore is impacted into the storage chamber. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the separating device 8 can return to a vertical state and support the fine ore again, ensuring the stability of the fine ore bearing. At the same time, through the above structure, the inner movable separating device 8 can form another buffer layer, increasing the relative buffering effect of the fine ore and enhancing the overall structure's buffering performance against the ore.

[0031] It should be noted that the axis of the branch chute 2 and the axis of the main chute 1 form a buffer angle, which is 50° to 55°. At this angle, the ore can roll towards the buffer chamber 6 under the action of gravity. The rolling speed is controllable, which ensures the ore rolls by itself while avoiding excessive impact load on the end buffer chamber 6.

[0032] As a preferred buffer structure, the buffer device 5 here includes a wire mesh, a sealing cloth, and a buffer steel plate arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. An elastic component is provided between the buffer device 5 and the buffer chamber 6. Under the action of the elastic component, the buffer device 5 as a whole can be in a relatively rated position, and the powdered ore can support the buffer device 5 to ensure energy dissipation and buffering of the rolling ore. The above-mentioned elastic component can be selected as a multi-layer rubber pad structure, which is installed between the buffer device 5 and the outer wall of the buffer chamber 6.

[0033] At the bottom of the buffer device 5, a reinforced support assembly is formed by steel bars, concrete, and a buffer steel plate. By reinforcing the bottom of the buffer device 5, the overall strength can be enhanced, preventing the ore from penetrating the bottom structure and preventing fine ore from overflowing from the bottom. The reinforced support assembly is separated from the main body of the buffer device 5 and is located on the outside of the buffer device 5. The buffer steel plate is no less than 20cm in size, which not only prevents impact but also has a buffering effect, providing dual function and dual protection.

[0034] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 4 Specifically, the separating device 8 includes a separating baffle. The top of the separating baffle is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer chamber 6 via a rotating connector 81. A counterweight is fixed at the bottom of the separating baffle. Under the action of the counterweight, the separating baffle is in a naturally hanging vertical state, with its bottom abutting against the inner wall of the buffer chamber 6 to ensure the stability of the overall structure. At the same time, a sealing device is fitted on the outside of the rotating connector to prevent powder from entering and to ensure normal rotation of the whole structure, so as to play the role of separating and buffering.

[0035] Specifically, the powder ore conveying device 7 includes a conveying channel, and the top of the buffer chamber forms a discharge opening 71 that communicates with the conveying channel. There is a predetermined lateral distance between the conveying channel and the buffer device 5. By setting the lateral distance, it is possible to prevent the buffer device 5 from deforming and pressing inward to block the discharge opening 71, thus ensuring the normal conveying of the powder ore. The conveying device here can be adapted to the mesh size of the powder ore. For example, a spiral conveying structure can be selected to adapt to the conveying of the powder ore.

[0036] A branch chute opening 21 is formed at the top of the branch chute 2, and a ore discharge chamber 4 is formed on the outside of the branch chute opening 21. Ore can be fed into the branch chute 2 through the ore discharge chamber 4 and eventually roll towards the buffer chamber 6 to achieve effective buffering.

[0037] A main chute wellhead 11 is formed at the top of the main chute 1, and a riser drilling chamber 3 is formed outside the main chute wellhead 11. Equipment can be deployed through the riser drilling chamber 3 to complete the underground construction.

[0038] A buffering method for a ore chute unloading buffer structure includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. The ore is fed into the branch ore pass 2 and rolls towards the buffer chamber 6. The buffer chamber 6 buffers and dissipates the energy of the rolling ore. With the branch ore pass powder buffer chamber structure, the ore flow first collides and dissipates energy with the powder in the buffer chamber in the branch ore pass. Then, under the impetus of the subsequent ore flow, it rolls laterally and falls into the main ore pass. After experiencing buffering → energy dissipation → rolling motion, the normal velocity of the ore particles relative to the main ore pass decreases. This effectively protects the intersection of the two passes from direct impact damage by the unloading ore flow, protects the main ore pass wall from impact by large pieces of ore, and extends the service life of the pass.

[0040] S2. After the ore is fed a predetermined number of times, the powder ore in the storage room is directionally transported to the buffer room through the powder ore conveying device 7 to replenish the powder ore in the buffer room. Through the above structural design, the relative consistency of the powder in the buffer room can be ensured, the gap at the top can be eliminated, and the consistent support effect of the powder ore can be ensured. This ensures that the overall structure, especially the buffer device 5, can continuously play a stable buffering and energy dissipation role.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ore chute unloading buffer structure, comprising a vertical main chute (1) and an inclined branch chute (2), wherein a buffer chamber (6) is excavated on the outer side of the intersection of the main chute (1) and the branch chute (2), characterized in that: The buffer chamber (6) is used to fill fine ore. The buffer chamber (6) is inclined in the same direction as the branch chute (2). A closed buffer device (5) is installed at the entrance of the buffer chamber (6) near the main chute (1). The buffer device (5) is elastic. A partition device (8) is installed in the middle of the buffer chamber (6). The partition device (8) divides the buffer chamber (6) into a buffer chamber located on the upper side and a storage chamber located on the lower side. It also includes a powder conveying device (7), which directs the powder in the storage room to the buffer room to replenish the powder in the buffer room; The buffer device (5) includes a wire mesh, a sealing cloth, and a buffer steel plate arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. An elastic component is provided between the buffer device (5) and the buffer chamber (6). The bottom of the buffer device (5) is reinforced by steel bars, concrete, and buffer steel plates to form a reinforced support assembly. The separating device (8) includes a separating baffle, the top of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the buffer chamber (6) via a rotating connector (81), and a counterweight is fixed at the bottom of the separating baffle. The powder conveying device (7) includes a conveying channel, and the top of the buffer chamber forms a discharge opening (71) that communicates with the conveying channel. There is a predetermined lateral distance between the conveying channel and the buffer device (5).

2. The chute buffer structure according to claim 1, wherein, The axis of the branch chute (2) forms a buffer angle with the axis of the main chute (1), and the range of the buffer angle is 50°~55°.

3. The ore chute unloading buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch chute (2) has a branch chute opening (21) at the top, and a ore discharge chamber (4) is formed on the outside of the branch chute opening (21).

4. The ore chute unloading buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the main chute (1) is formed with a main chute wellhead (11), and the outside of the main chute wellhead (11) is formed with a skylight drilling chamber (3).

5. A buffering method for a ore chute unloading buffer structure, characterized in that, Using the ore chute unloading buffer structure according to any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: S1. The ore is thrown into the branch chute (2), and the ore rolls toward the buffer chamber (6). The buffer chamber (6) is used to buffer and dissipate the energy of the rolling ore. S2. After the ore is fed in a predetermined number of times, the powder ore in the storage room is directionally transported to the buffer room through the powder ore conveying device (7) to complete the replenishment of the powder ore in the buffer room.

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