A system and method for the coordinated operation of an adsorption column coupled with an external heat source and a compressor

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and provides an adsorption tower coupled with an external heat source and a compressor cooperative operation system and method, which comprises a CO2 adsorption module, a CO2 compression module and a CO2 heat exchange module, the CO2 heat exchange module is used for being connected with an external high-temperature heat source, the CO2 compression module comprises a compression part and an intercooling part, and a first flow path of CO2 is formed by an output flow direction of the CO2 adsorption module through the compression part and the intercooling part; a second flow path of CO2 is formed by an output flow direction of the CO2 adsorption module backflowing to the CO2 adsorption module after the intercooling part. By inputting a first heat exchange medium and intercooling, the high-temperature gas waste heat in the absorption system is absorbed, the intercooling effect is realized at the same time, and the efficiency of the adsorption type compression CO2 energy storage system is improved; meanwhile, low-temperature CO2 is used as a second heat exchange medium to enter the CO2 heat exchange module and exchange heat with the external high-temperature heat source, the flue gas waste heat is fully utilized, and the system is connected with the external waste heat.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an adsorption tower coupled with an external heat source and a compressor cooperative operation system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compressed CO2 energy storage has a large installed capacity, a long operating time, a low economic cost, a long operating life and other characteristics, and is suitable for large-scale long-time energy storage system construction and sustainable development needs, and has a very broad development prospect. However, CO2 as a greenhouse gas cannot be directly discharged into the atmosphere, and compressed CO2 energy storage needs to be kept in a closed cycle, so one of the key problems of compressed CO2 energy storage is how to achieve low-pressure CO2 high-density storage. In the current compressed CO2 energy storage research, low-pressure CO2 is mostly stored in a liquefied manner or stored underground, but these methods not only have safety hazards, but also have geographical condition limitations.

[0003] The porous material adsorption CO2 storage scheme can fully reduce the land area of the CO2 storage system of the compressed CO2 energy storage system and improve the energy storage density of the energy storage system, and is a feasible scheme for the implementation of CO2 storage of the compressed CO2 energy storage system. However, a large amount of adsorption heat is generated during the adsorption of CO2, and a large amount of desorption heat needs to be provided during the desorption of CO2, and there is currently no good solution to this, resulting in increased system energy consumption. SUMMARY

[0004] The problem solved by the present application is how to fully and reasonably utilize the energy of the CO2 energy storage system.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a kind of adsorption tower and compressor cooperative operation system coupled with external heat source, including CO2 adsorption module, CO2 compression module and CO2 heat exchange module, the CO2 heat exchange module is used to connect with external high temperature heat source, the CO2 compression module includes compression part and intercooling part, the CO2 adsorption module forms the first flow path of CO2 by the output flow direction of the compression part and the intercooling part;The CO2 adsorption module forms the second flow path of CO2 by the output flow direction of the CO2 adsorption module after backflow to the intercooling part;The CO2 adsorption module forms the third flow path of CO2 by the output flow direction of the CO2 adsorption module after backflow to the CO2 adsorption module through the CO2 heat exchange module;

[0006] The first part of the CO2 outputted by the CO2 adsorption module flows along the first flow path as a working medium, the second part of the CO2 flows along the second flow path as a first heat exchange medium, and the rest of the CO2 flows along the third flow path as a second heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the working medium when flowing through the intercooler, and the second heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the external high-temperature heat source when flowing through the CO2 heat exchange module.

[0007] Optionally, the CO2 heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchange medium output interface, the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the CO2 adsorption module, the heat source medium inlet of the heat exchanger is used for accessing the external high-temperature heat source, and the heat source medium outlet of the heat exchanger is used for flowing out of the medium of the external high-temperature heat source.

[0008] Optionally, the external high-temperature heat source is used for heating the second heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchanger.

[0009] Optionally, the compression part is used for compressing and heating the working medium, comprising a first compressor, a second compressor and a third compressor, the intercooler part comprises a first intercooler, a second intercooler and a third intercooler, the first compressor, the first intercooler, the second intercooler and the third intercooler are respectively connected with the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, and the first compressor, the first intercooler, the second compressor, the second intercooler, the third compressor and the third intercooler are sequentially connected, when the first heat exchange medium flows through the first intercooler, the second intercooler or the third intercooler, the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the heated working medium.

[0010] Optionally, the first intercooler, the second intercooler and the third intercooler each have a heat exchange medium input interface, a heat exchange medium output interface, a medium input interface and a medium output interface.

[0011] Each of the heat exchange medium input interfaces is connected with the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, each of the heat exchange medium output interfaces is connected with the inlet of the CO2 adsorption module, each of the medium input interfaces is connected with the output end of the adjacent compressor, the medium output interface of the first intercooler is connected with the input end of the second compressor, the medium output interface of the second intercooler is connected with the input end of the third compressor, and the medium output interface of the third intercooler is used for connecting with a low-pressure CO2 storage tank.

[0012] Optionally, the CO2 adsorption module comprises an adsorption tower having an adsorbent therein for adsorbing CO2 and storing heat.

[0013] Optionally, the adsorbent comprises 13X zeolite molecular sieve.

[0014] Optionally, the first flow path, the second flow path and the third flow path are all formed by pipes as flow carriers of the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, and the pipes are coated with thermal insulation material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The high-temperature CO2 working medium output by the compression part of the CO2 compression module is heat-exchanged with the low-temperature CO2 first heat exchange medium input by the medium cooling part heat exchange medium input interface of the CO2 compression module, so as to absorb the high-temperature gas waste heat in the system and realize medium cooling effect, thereby improving the efficiency of the adsorption type compressed CO2 energy storage system; meanwhile, the low-temperature CO2 is used as the second heat exchange medium to enter the CO2 heat exchange module and heat-exchange with the external high-temperature heat source, so as to fully utilize the flue gas waste heat and realize the system and external waste heat accommodation.

[0017] To solve the above problems, the application further provides a coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation method based on the coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system, which comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: adsorbing CO2 input into the CO2 adsorption module to form low-temperature CO2 gas flow;

[0019] Step 2: making a first part of the low-temperature CO2 flow along a first flow path as a medium, a second part of the low-temperature CO2 flow along a second flow path as a first heat exchange medium, and the rest of the low-temperature CO2 flow along a third flow path as a second heat exchange medium;

[0020] The second heat exchange medium in the third flow path is heat-exchanged with the external high-temperature heat source in the CO2 heat exchange module, and the medium in the first flow path is heat-exchanged with the first heat exchange medium in the second flow path in the medium cooling part;

[0021] Step 3: the heat-exchanged first heat exchange medium and second heat exchange medium flow back to the CO2 adsorption module.

[0022] Optionally, in the step 2, the heat-exchanged medium in the first flow path flows into a low-pressure CO2 storage tank for storage.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation method has the same beneficial effects as the coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a running schematic diagram of the coupling external heat source adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] 1-adsorption tower; 2-first compressor; 3-first intercooler; 4-second compressor; 5-second intercooler; 6-third compressor; 7-third intercooler; 8-heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above object, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the description of the specification and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment" and "one embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or embodiment are included in at least one embodiment or embodiment of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or embodiments in a suitable manner.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a coupled adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system of external heat source, including CO2 adsorption module, CO2 compression module and CO2 heat exchange module, the CO2 heat exchange module is used for connecting with external high temperature heat source, the CO2 compression module includes compression part and intercooling part, the CO2 adsorption module forms the first flow path of CO2 through the output flow direction of the compression part and the intercooling part; the CO2 adsorption module forms the second flow path of CO2 through the output flow direction of the intercooling part backflow to the CO2 adsorption module; the CO2 adsorption module forms the third flow path of CO2 through the output flow direction of the CO2 heat exchange module backflow to the CO2 adsorption module;

[0033] The first part of CO2 output by the CO2 adsorption module flows along the first flow path as working medium, the second part of CO2 flows along the second flow path as first heat exchange medium, and the remaining part of CO2 flows along the third flow path as second heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the working medium when flowing through the intercooling part, and the second heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the external high temperature heat source when flowing through the CO2 heat exchange module.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, it should be noted that the first flow path is indicated by Figure 2 dashed line and arrow; the second flow path is indicated by Figure 2 solid line and arrow, and the third flow path is indicated by Figure 2 thick dashed line and arrow, and the flow direction of external high temperature heat source is indicated by Figure 2 thick solid line and arrow.

[0035] It should be further noted that the external high temperature heat source is high temperature gas, such as high temperature flue gas discharged by industry, high temperature waste gas discharged by coal-fired power plant, etc., which is not limited here, in order to describe the scheme in more detail, in this embodiment, high temperature flue gas is used as an example. At present, in coal-fired power plant, about 8% of the energy input by coal-fired power plant is lost in the form of flue gas waste heat, so there is a problem of flue gas waste heat consumption in coal-fired power plant. In summary, the embodiment aims to reasonably arrange the collaborative operation scheme of adsorption tower and compressor, distribute heat and provide flue gas waste heat consumption capacity.

[0036] In addition, as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2For the operation schematic diagram of the coupled adsorption tower and compressor collaborative operation system of the external heat source in the embodiment of the application, the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are all low-temperature CO2 gas after heat release treatment of the CO2 adsorption module, in the embodiment, the temperature of the low-temperature CO2 gas is 30℃, the working medium and the heat exchange medium enter the intercooling part of the CO2 compression module, the compression part of the CO2 compression module and the CO2 heat exchange module along the first flow path, the second flow path and the third flow path at 30℃ respectively, the compression part compresses and heats the CO2 as the intermediate medium, and the CO2 as the first heat exchange medium converges and exchanges heat in the intercooling part;

[0037] It needs to be further explained that the convergence of the intermediate medium and the first heat exchange medium does not occur in the movement negotiation along the first flow path and the second flow path, but the intermediate medium and the first heat exchange medium complete heat exchange in different flow paths by using the surface heat exchange mode.

[0038] Optionally, the CO2 heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger 8, the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger 8 is connected with the heat exchange medium output interface, the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger 8 is connected with the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is connected with the inlet of the CO2 adsorption module, the heat source medium inlet of the heat exchanger 8 is used for connecting with the external high-temperature heat source, and the heat source medium outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is used for flowing out of the medium of the external high-temperature heat source.

[0039] Further, the external high-temperature heat source is used for heating the second heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchanger 8.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2 In an optional embodiment, the high-temperature heat source enters the heat exchanger 8 through the heat source medium inlet at 400℃, the second heat exchange medium at 30℃ flows along the third flow path, enters the heat exchanger 8 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature heat source at 400℃, the second heat exchange medium is heated to 220℃, the high-temperature heat source is cooled to 300℃, and is discharged through the heat source medium outlet, in the embodiment, the external high-temperature heat source is high-temperature flue gas generated by a coal-fired power plant, therefore, the low-temperature CO2 is used as the second heat exchange medium to enter the CO2 heat exchange module and exchange heat with the external high-temperature heat source, the waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized, and the system is realized to be compatible with the external waste heat.

[0041] Specifically, the compression part is used for compressing and heating the working medium, including the first compressor 2, the second compressor 4 and the third compressor 6, the intercooling part includes the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7, the first compressor 2, the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7 are connected with the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module respectively, and the first compressor 2, the first intercooler 3, the second compressor 4, the second intercooler 5, the third compressor 6 and the third intercooler 7 are connected in sequence, when the first heat exchange medium flows through the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 or the third intercooler 7, heat exchange is performed between the first heat exchange medium and the working medium which is heated.

[0042] With reference to Figure 2 In the embodiment, the multi-stage compression structure composed of the first compressor 2, the second compressor 4 and the third compressor 6 is used for heating the medium in a reciprocating manner, the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7 constitute a multi-stage intercooling structure, and heat exchange is performed between the medium flowing through the intercooler and the first heat exchange medium, for example, the CO2 adsorption module outputs 30℃ low-temperature CO2 gas as the medium into the first compressor 2, the first compressor 2 compresses and heats the 30℃ medium to 200℃ and then the medium enters the first intercooler 3, at the same time, the 30℃ first heat exchange medium is input into the first intercooler 3 and exchanges heat with the 200℃ medium in the first intercooler 3, so that the 30℃ first heat exchange medium is heated to 180℃, the medium output from the first intercooler 3 is cooled to 55℃ after heat exchange and then enters the second compressor 4, the second compressor 4 re-heats the 55℃ medium to 200℃, then the medium enters the second intercooler 5 and exchanges heat with the first heat exchange medium, the medium is cooled to 55℃ again, the first heat exchange medium flowing through the second intercooler 5 is heated to 180℃ after heat exchange, the medium re-enters the third compressor 6, the third compressor 6 compresses and heats the medium, the medium reaches 200℃ and then enters the third intercooler 7, and the temperature of the medium is 60℃ after heat exchange with the first heat exchange medium and is output; in the second flow path, the 30℃ low-temperature CO2 as the first heat exchange medium can enter the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7 at the same time, and the medium and the first heat exchange medium are continuously flowing, so that the heat exchange process between the medium and the first heat exchange medium in the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7 can occur at the same time, and the intercooling process and the output of 60℃ CO2 gas are continuously performed. Therefore, the CO2 gas has good heat exchange performance and flow characteristics, the CO2 gas is used as the heat exchange medium, the structure of the energy storage system is simplified, the economy is improved and the heat exchange effect is enhanced, and the high-temperature CO2 working medium at the outlet of each stage of compressor exchanges heat with the low-temperature CO2 heat exchange medium at the inlet of each stage of intercooler, the waste heat of the high-temperature gas in the system is absorbed, the intercooling effect is realized, and the efficiency of the CO2 energy storage system is improved.

[0043] It should be noted that the above temperature parameters are only the temperature parameters of one optional embodiment of the present application, and the specific temperature parameters can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions, for example, the temperature output by the CO2 adsorption module is 35℃, the compressor can compress and heat the CO2 gas as medium to 220℃, and the parameters of the intercooler heat exchange efficiency change.

[0044] Optionally, the first intercooler 3, the second intercooler 5 and the third intercooler 7 each have a heat exchange medium input interface, a heat exchange medium output interface, a medium input interface and a medium output interface.

[0045] Each heat exchange medium input interface is connected to the outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, each heat exchange medium output interface is connected to the inlet of the CO2 adsorption module, and each medium input interface is connected to the output end of the adjacent compressor. The medium output interface of the first intercooler 3 is connected to the input end of the second compressor 4, the medium output interface of the second intercooler 5 is connected to the input end of the third compressor 6, and the medium output interface of the third intercooler 7 is used to be connected to the low-pressure CO2 storage tank.

[0046] In combination with the above, the intercooler has two closed flow channels with at least one common face, so that the medium and the heat exchange medium flow independently and the heat is exchanged through the common face. Therefore, the medium and the heat exchange medium can exchange heat without motion interference when flowing through the intercooler.

[0047] It should be further noted that CO2 as a greenhouse gas cannot be directly discharged into the atmosphere, so storing CO2 in the low-pressure CO2 storage tank avoids direct emission into the atmosphere to cause the greenhouse effect. In the case of need, the CO2 gas in the CO2 storage tank can re-enter the system circulation process as medium or heat exchange medium.

[0048] Optionally, the CO2 adsorption module includes an adsorption tower 1, which has an adsorbent inside for adsorbing CO2 and storing heat. The adsorption tower 1 is a device for reducing industrial emissions or other high-concentration carbon dioxide gas. In order to maintain the stable operation of the adsorption tower 1, cooling measures such as circulating water or other cooling medium are usually required to reduce the temperature. The adsorbent can adsorb CO2 while absorbing the heat carried by the CO2 gas input into the adsorption tower 1, thereby achieving the effect of cooling CO2, so that the adsorption tower 1 can output CO2 gas at 30℃.

[0049] The adsorbent can be calcium hydroxide, silica gel, activated carbon, molecular sieve, sodium lime, etc. which can adsorb CO2 and heat, or a combination of one or more of the above substances.

[0050] In the embodiment, the adsorbent is preferably 13X zeolite molecular sieve. The 13X zeolite molecular sieve is a porous crystalline material, which has high adsorption capacity and is often used for CO2 capture and adsorption, and has high thermal stability and chemical stability.

[0051] Optionally, the first flow path, the second flow path and the third flow path are all formed by pipes as flow carriers of the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, and the pipe surfaces are coated with thermal insulation materials.

[0052] For example, the pipes are connected between the adsorption tower 1 and the first compressor 2, between the intercooler and the compressor, between the cooling tower 1 and the intercooler, between the intercooler and the heat exchanger 8, and between the heat exchanger 8 and the cooling tower, so that the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium can flow along the first flow path, the second flow path or the third flow path, the flow of CO2 is utilized, the system structure is simplified, the economy is improved, and the pipe surfaces are coated with thermal insulation materials, so that the heat loss of the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium in the flow process is reduced, the temperature of the second heat exchange medium is increased by 220°C after heat exchange, and the temperature of the second heat exchange medium is maintained at more than 200°C in the flow process from the heat exchanger 8 to the adsorption tower 1, so that the energy utilization rate is improved.

[0053] Another embodiment of the application further provides a method for cooperative operation of an adsorption tower coupled with an external heat source and a compressor, which is based on the system for cooperative operation of the adsorption tower coupled with the external heat source and the compressor as described above and includes the following steps.

[0054] Step 1: The CO2 adsorption module adsorbs the CO2 input into the module to form a low-temperature CO2 gas flow.

[0055] Step 2: A first part of the low-temperature CO2 flows along the first flow path as a working medium, a second part of the low-temperature CO2 flows along the second flow path as a first heat exchange medium, and the remaining part of the low-temperature CO2 flows along the third flow path as a second heat exchange medium.

[0056] The second heat exchange medium in the third flow path exchanges heat with the CO2 heat exchange module and an external high-temperature heat source, and the working medium in the first flow path exchanges heat with the first heat exchange medium in the second flow path in the intercooling part.

[0057] Step 3: The heat-exchanged first heat exchange medium and second heat exchange medium flow back to the CO2 adsorption module.

[0058] Further, in step 2, the heat-exchanged working medium in the first flow path flows into the low-pressure CO2 storage tank for storage.

[0059] Specifically, the CO2 output by the adsorption tower 1 at 30 DEG C is used as the medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium respectively to flow in the first flow path, the second flow path and the third flow path, the CO2 as the medium reciprocates between the compressor and the heat exchanger to be heated and exchanges heat with the CO2 as the first heat exchange medium, the high-temperature gas waste heat in the absorption system is absorbed to achieve the medium cooling effect, the CO2 after heat exchange as the second heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with the external high-temperature heat source and then directly flows back to the adsorption tower 1, and the waste heat can be efficiently utilized.

[0060] The method of the embodiment exchanges heat between the high-temperature CO2 working medium output by the compressors at different levels and the low-temperature CO2 heat exchange medium input by the input interfaces of the intercoolers at different levels, absorbs the high-temperature gas waste heat in the system to achieve the medium cooling effect, and improves the efficiency of the adsorption compression CO2 energy storage system; the CO2 gas is used as the heat exchange medium due to its good heat exchange performance and flow characteristics, which can simplify the structure of the energy storage system, improve the economy and enhance the heat exchange effect, the second heat exchange medium is converged to exchange heat with the external high-temperature heat source, and the system can absorb the waste heat from the outside.

[0061] Although the present application is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for the coordinated operation of an adsorption column coupled to an external heat source and a compressor, characterized in that, The CO2 absorption module, the CO2 compression module and the CO2 heat exchange module, the CO2 heat exchange module is used for connecting with the external high temperature heat source, the CO2 compression module includes a compression part and an intercooling part, the CO2 absorption module forms a first flow path of CO2 through the compression part and the output flow direction of the intercooling part; the CO2 absorption module forms a second flow path of CO2 through the intercooling part and backflow to the output flow direction of the CO2 absorption module; the CO2 absorption module forms a third flow path of CO2 through the CO2 heat exchange module and backflow to the output flow direction of the CO2 absorption module; The first part of CO2 output by the CO2 absorption module flows along the first flow path as a working medium, the second part of CO2 flows along the second flow path as a first heat exchange medium, and the remaining part of CO2 flows along the third flow path as a second heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the working medium when flowing through the intercooling part, and the second heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the external high temperature heat source when flowing through the CO2 heat exchange module.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The CO2 heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger (8), the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger (8) is connected with the outlet of the CO2 absorption module, the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (8) is connected with the inlet of the CO2 absorption module, the heat source medium inlet of the heat exchanger (8) is used for accessing the external high temperature heat source, and the heat source medium outlet of the heat exchanger (8) is used for flowing out the medium of the external high temperature heat source.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The external high temperature heat source is used for warming the second heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchanger (8).

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The compression part is used for compressing and warming the working medium, including a first compressor (2), a second compressor (4) and a third compressor (6), the intercooling part includes a first intercooler (3), a second intercooler (5) and a third intercooler (7), the first compressor (2), the first intercooler (3), the second intercooler (5) and the third intercooler (7) are connected with the outlet of the CO2 absorption module respectively, and the first compressor (2), the first intercooler (3), the second compressor (4), the second intercooler (5), the third compressor (6) and the third intercooler (7) are connected in sequence, when the first heat exchange medium flows through the first intercooler (3), the second intercooler (5) or the third intercooler (7), the first heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the warmed working medium.

5. The adsorption tower and compressor co-operating system coupled with an external heat source according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first intercooler (3), the second intercooler (5) and the third intercooler (7) all have a heat exchange medium input interface, a heat exchange medium output interface, a medium input interface and a medium output interface; Each of the heat exchange medium input interfaces is connected with an outlet of the CO2 adsorption module, each of the heat exchange medium output interfaces is connected with an inlet of the CO2 adsorption module, each of the medium input interfaces is connected with an output end of an adjacent compressor, the medium output interface of the first intercooler (3) is connected with an input end of the second compressor (4), the medium output interface of the second intercooler (5) is connected with an input end of the third compressor (6), and the medium output interface of the third intercooler (7) is used to be connected with a low-pressure CO2 storage tank.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, The CO2 adsorption module comprises an adsorption tower (1) having an adsorbent therein, and the adsorbent is used for adsorbing CO2 and storing heat.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the system is configured to operate in a third mode in which the compressor is operated at a third speed, the third speed being greater than the first speed and less than the second speed. The adsorbent comprises 13X zeolite molecular sieve.

8. The system of claims 1-7, wherein, The first flow path, the second flow path and the third flow path all use a pipe as a flow carrier of the working medium, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium, and the pipe surface is coated with thermal insulation material.

9. A method for operating an adsorption column coupled with an external heat source in cooperation with a compressor, characterized in that, The system for cooperating the adsorption tower with the compressor based on the coupled external heat source according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: adsorbing CO2 input into the CO2 adsorption module to form a low-temperature CO2 gas flow; Step 2: making a first part of the low-temperature CO2 as medium to flow along a first flow path, a second part of the low-temperature CO2 as a first heat exchange medium to flow along a second flow path, and the rest of the low-temperature CO2 as a second heat exchange medium to flow along a third flow path; The second heat exchange medium in the third flow path exchanges heat with the CO2 heat exchange module and an external high-temperature heat source, and the medium in the first flow path exchanges heat with the first heat exchange medium in the second flow path at the intercooling part; Step 3: the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium after heat exchange flow back to the CO2 adsorption module.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the coupled adsorption column with external heat source and compressor is operated in a manner that, In the step 2, the medium after heat exchange in the first flow path flows into a low-pressure CO2 storage tank for storage.

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