Dual-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil self-cleaning functions

Abstract

The utility model relates to a double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions, belonging to the field of high-voltage electrostatic purification of oil fume and the field of fresh air heating. The utility model is to solve the problems of low removal efficiency of oil fume particles caused by the phenomenon of "counter electric field" when high-voltage electrostatic technology purifies oil fume, poor cleaning effect of conventional cleaning measures, high corona voltage, easy air breakdown to form sparks, high risk of fire, and high energy consumption of heating fresh air in winter. The utility model includes an oil fume collecting device, a charging mixing section, a first-stage oil fume treatment section, a second-stage oil fume treatment section, oil fume pipeline components, and fresh air pipeline components. The oil fume collecting device is installed at the inlet end of the oil fume pipeline components. The charging mixing section, the first-stage oil fume treatment section, and the second-stage oil fume treatment section are connected in series in the oil fume pipeline components in the order of the oil fume flow direction. The fresh air pipeline components are installed on the first-stage oil fume treatment section and the second-stage oil fume treatment section. The utility model is used as a device for treating indoor oil fume and preheating indoor fresh air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the fields of high-voltage electrostatic purification of oil fume and fresh air heating, specifically involving a two-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the country's increasing environmental requirements, cooking fumes, as an important source of particulate matter emissions, have been subject to increasingly stringent restrictions from relevant standards.

[0003] High-voltage electrostatic purification technology refers to the process where gas carrying particulate matter is ionized under the action of a high-voltage DC discharge device in a metal discharge unit, causing the particles to become charged. The charged particles are then driven by the electric field to a collection area, where the oil is removed using cleaning methods. High-voltage electrostatic purification technology has broad application prospects due to its high particulate matter removal efficiency (especially for Class I and sub-Class I particles), low equipment resistance, relatively low energy consumption, convenient equipment management, small footprint, and resistance to corrosion.

[0004] Currently, there are two main factors limiting the application of high-voltage electrostatic precipitator technology in the field of oil fume treatment. First, for viscous pollutants like oil fumes, as the fumes accumulate on the collection plate, the unreleased charge from the high-resistivity oil droplets also accumulates. Since the charge on the oil on the collection plate is the same as the charge on the oil fume particles, like charges repel each other, weakening or even canceling the Coulomb force between the electrode and the particles. This makes it difficult to collect and remove subsequent charged oil fume particles, forming a phenomenon commonly known as a "reverse electric field." This not only consumes power but also seriously affects the particulate matter removal efficiency. Simultaneously, the oil in the collection area can coat the corona electrode and the collection electrode, making it very difficult to remove oil using traditional methods such as vibration during purification. These problems significantly reduce the purification efficiency of electrostatic precipitators and, in severe cases, even damage the electrodes. Secondly, for high-voltage electrostatic treatment devices, electrode wires are often used to ionize air and oil droplets through high-voltage corona discharge, thus charging the oil droplets. To ensure the charging effect of particulate matter, the electrode voltage is very high. Due to the unstable internal physical parameters of the oil fume gas, air breakdown can easily occur, forming sparks. The risk of fire is high after contact with oil fume. Electrostatic oil fume technology has multiple high-voltage electrode wires, which requires high protection measures for the high-voltage circuit of the equipment. The damage caused by leakage is significant, which is not conducive to practical application.

[0005] Currently, the main solutions to the problems of "back corona" in oil fumes and oil encapsulation are mechanical cleaning or liquid spraying. For example, CN 112762498 A discloses a technology that uses high-temperature steam to soften oil stains for cleaning. However, the heating time of the oil fume pipe section and the steam softening time are long, resulting in long downtime for cleaning pollutants, which is not conducive to practical application. For example, CN113551282A discloses a device for cleaning oil stains by liquid spraying and mechanical scraping. Simple liquid spraying has limited effect on cleaning oil stains on the electrode plates, while mechanical scraping will cause wear on the electrode plates, which is not conducive to the long-term use and operation and maintenance of the equipment.

[0006] Meanwhile, to maintain stable internal temperature and air pressure after the fumes are exhausted, it is necessary to introduce fresh air at a corresponding temperature and volume. In northern winters, the energy consumption for heating this fresh air is enormous for places that generate fumes, such as restaurant kitchens and paint spraying plants.

[0007] In summary, when high-voltage electrostatic purification technology is used in the field of oil fume purification, it faces challenges such as difficulty in cleaning oil stains in the collection area, poor practical application of conventional cleaning measures, high electrode voltage leading to low safety, limited effectiveness in treating oil fume particulate matter, and inability to reuse waste heat from oil fumes. High fresh air energy consumption also hinders the widespread adoption of high-voltage electrostatic purification technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This application aims to address the problems of difficulty in cleaning oil stains in the collection area and poor practical application effect of conventional cleaning measures when high-voltage electrostatic purification technology is used in the field of oil fume purification; high electrode voltage, low safety, limited treatment effect of oil fume particulate matter, and inability to reuse waste heat in oil fume. Therefore, it provides a two-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions.

[0009] A dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions is disclosed. The unit includes an oil fume collection device, a charged mixing section, a primary oil fume treatment section, a secondary oil fume treatment section, an oil fume duct component, and a fresh air duct component. The oil fume collection device is installed at the inlet end of the oil fume duct component. The charged mixing section, the primary oil fume treatment section, and the secondary oil fume treatment section are connected in series in the oil fume duct component along the oil fume flow direction. The fresh air duct component is located outside the oil fume duct component and is installed on the primary and secondary oil fume treatment sections. The air inlet end of the fresh air duct component is located outside the secondary oil fume treatment section, and the air outlet end of the fresh air duct component passes through the secondary oil fume treatment section and the primary oil fume treatment section in sequence and is located outside the primary oil fume treatment section.

[0010] Furthermore, the fume collection device includes a fume collection hood and a fume collection fan. The fume collection fan is installed in the inlet end of the fume duct component, and the housing of the fume collection fan is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component. The fume collection hood is installed on the air inlet side of the fume collection fan, and the fume collection hood is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component. The air inlet side of the fume collection fan is connected to the fume collection hood, and the air outlet side of the fume collection fan is connected to the fume duct component.

[0011] Furthermore, the fume extraction duct components include a first fume extraction duct, a second fume extraction duct, a first fume reduction duct, a fume bend, a second fume reduction duct, and a third fume extraction duct. These ducts are arranged sequentially along the fume flow direction. A collecting fan is installed at the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct, and the fan housing is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct. A collecting hood is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct. The inlet end of the second fume extraction duct is connected to the outlet end of the first fume extraction duct. The outlet end of the second fume extraction duct is sequentially provided with a charged mixing section and a primary fume treatment section along the fume flow direction. The inlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct, the inlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section is connected to the outlet end of the charged mixing section, the first fume reducing pipe is installed at the outlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section, the inlet end of the first fume reducing pipe is connected to the outlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section, the inlet end of the fume bend is connected to the outlet end of the first fume reducing pipe, the inlet end of the second fume reducing pipe is connected to the outlet end of the fume bend, the second-stage fume treatment section is installed at the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe, the inlet end of the second-stage fume treatment section is connected to the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe, and the third fume duct is installed at the outlet end of the second-stage fume treatment section, and the inlet end of the third fume duct is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the second-stage fume treatment section.

[0012] Furthermore, the charged mixing section includes a charged atomizer and a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is located at the outlet end of the second fume duct, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct. The outlet end of the mixing chamber is connected to the inlet end of the primary fume treatment section. The charged atomizer is installed on the top wall of the mixing chamber, and its nozzle end is connected to the mixing chamber. The charged atomizer includes a sealing box, an atomizing device, and a sensing electrode. The sealing box is installed on the top wall of the mixing chamber, and the sealing box is connected to the mixing chamber. The enclosure is connected to the box. The atomizing device is inserted into the top of the sealed box, and the mist spray end of the atomizing device is located inside the sealed box. The pressurized air input end and the pressurized washing liquid input end of the atomizing device are both located outside the sealed box. The sensing electrode is inserted into the sealed box. The end of the sensing electrode located inside the sealed box has a circular structure, and the circular end of the sensing electrode is located directly below the mist spray end of the atomizing device. The end of the sensing electrode located outside the sealed box is connected to an external wire. The connection between the atomizing device and the sensing electrode and the sealed box is sealed.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary fume treatment section includes a flue shell, a motor housing, a liquid storage tank, a square baffle plate, a first cathode unit, and a corrugated pipe unit. The flue shell is located at the outlet end of the mixing box, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the mixing box. The outlet end of the flue shell is connected to the inlet end of the first fume reducing pipe. The motor housing is installed on top of the flue shell. The first cathode unit and the corrugated pipe unit are located inside the flue shell. The corrugated pipe unit includes multiple corrugated pipe groups, which are arranged equidistantly along the flue gas flow direction inside the flue shell. Each corrugated pipe group has multiple corrugated pipes in the vertical direction, and the two ends of each corrugated pipe are connected to the corresponding side wall of the flue shell. The first cathode unit includes multiple first cathode component groups, which are arranged equidistantly in the flue pipe shell along the flue gas flow direction. Each first cathode component group includes multiple first cathode components. Each first cathode component is set between two adjacent corrugated pipes, and both ends of the first cathode component are detachably connected to the corresponding side wall of the flue pipe shell. The voltage output terminal in the motor equipment box is connected to the voltage input terminal of each first cathode component. The liquid storage tank is set at the bottom of the outlet end of the flue pipe shell, and the top of the liquid storage tank is connected to the flue pipe shell. The side opening of the liquid storage tank is connected to the waste liquid collection device. The square baffle is embedded in the outlet end of the flue pipe shell, and the square baffle is detachably connected to the flue pipe shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer casing of the flue includes a front side plate, a top plate, a rear side plate, and a bottom plate. The front and rear side plates are arranged parallel to each other. The top plate is located on top of the front and rear side plates, and its bottom edge at the front side is fixedly connected to the front side plate, and its bottom edge at the rear side is fixedly connected to the rear side plate. The bottom plate is located at the bottom of the front and rear side plates, and its bottom plate is parallel to and opposite to the top plate. Its top edge at the front side is fixedly connected to the front side plate, and its top edge at the rear side is fixedly connected to the rear side plate. The front side plate has multiple rectangular openings of number one and multiple sets of number one cathodes evenly distributed on it. The rear side plate has multiple rectangular openings of type 2 and multiple sets of cathode connection holes of type 2 evenly distributed. Each rectangular opening of type 1 corresponds to one rectangular opening of type 2, and each set of cathode connection holes of type 1 corresponds to one set of cathode connection holes of type 2. One end of each bellows is connected to a rectangular opening of type 1, and the other end of each bellows is connected to a rectangular opening of type 2. One end of each first cathode assembly is detachably connected to the front side plate through a set of cathode connection holes of type 1, and the other end of each first cathode assembly is detachably connected to the rear side plate through a set of cathode connection holes of type 2.

[0015] Furthermore, the first cathode assembly includes a first cathode frame, two first cathode frame connecting wires, and multiple electrode parts. The multiple electrode parts are equidistantly arranged within the first cathode frame along the width extension direction of the multiple electrode parts, and one end of each electrode part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a wide frame body within the first cathode frame. Each first cathode frame connecting wire is located on the outer side of a wide frame body within the first cathode frame. Two spiral fixing posts are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each wide frame body along the center line of the length direction of the wide frame body. One end of each spiral fixing post is fixedly connected to the first cathode frame. The first cathode frame is detachably connected to one first cathode frame connecting wire through the two spiral fixing posts. The first cathode frame is detachably connected to the front side plate and the rear side plate respectively through the two first cathode frame connecting wires.

[0016] The electrode section includes a fishbone wire and multiple fishbone wires. The fishbone wire is horizontally arranged between two wide frame bodies in the first cathode frame, and each end of the fishbone wire is fixedly connected to the adjacent wide frame body. The multiple fishbone wires are arranged alternately on both sides of the fishbone wire, and one end of each fishbone wire is fixedly connected to the fishbone wire.

[0017] The first cathode frame connection terminal includes an insulating plate, two second nuts, and two connecting studs. The insulating plate is located on the outside of a wide frame body of the first cathode frame. Two connecting holes are machined in the middle of the insulating plate. Each connecting hole is coaxially corresponding to a spiral fixing post. The insulating plate is sleeved on the two spiral fixing posts through the two connecting holes. The insulating plate is detachably connected to the first cathode frame through the two first nuts. There is a mounting hole machined at the top and bottom ends of the insulating plate. Each mounting hole is equipped with a corresponding connecting stud. One end of the connecting stud is located on the side of the insulating plate near the first cathode frame. The other end of the connecting stud passes through the front or rear side plate and is inserted into a second nut. The insulating plate is detachably connected to the front or rear side plate through the cooperation of the two connecting studs and the two second nuts. Each spiral fixing post is equipped with a wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box is connected to multiple spiral fixing posts through multiple first cathode wires.

[0018] Furthermore, the secondary fume treatment section includes a shell-and-tube duct, an oil collection hopper, and a second cathode assembly. The shell-and-tube duct is located at the outlet end of the second fume reducing duct, and the inlet end of the shell-and-tube duct is connected to the outlet end of the second fume reducing duct. The second cathode assembly is located in the shell-and-tube duct, with its top extending above the shell-and-tube duct and fixedly connected to the outer top of the shell-and-tube duct. The bottom of the second cathode assembly extends below the shell-and-tube duct and is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the shell-and-tube duct. The oil collection hopper is fitted onto the outlet end of the shell-and-tube duct, and its top is detachably connected to the shell-and-tube duct. A third fume duct is located on the oil collection hopper, and its inlet end is connected to the fume outlet end of the oil collection hopper.

[0019] The shell-and-tube pipe includes an upper top plate, an outer cylinder, a lower bottom plate, and multiple heat exchange tubes. The upper top plate is located at the top inlet end of the outer cylinder and has a circular plate structure. The upper top plate is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder. The lower bottom plate is located at the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder and has a V-shaped plate. The bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder is fitted with the lower bottom plate and is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder. Multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in an array in the outer cylinder. The top end of each heat exchange tube passes through the upper top plate and is connected to the second oil fume reducing pipe. The bottom end of each heat exchange tube passes through the lower bottom plate and is connected to the oil collection hopper.

[0020] The oil collecting hopper includes an oil collecting cylinder, a waste liquid pipe, and an arc-shaped baffle plate. The top of the oil collecting cylinder is fitted onto the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder, and the oil collecting cylinder is detachably connected to the outer cylinder. The bottom of the oil collecting cylinder has an inverted conical structure. A waste liquid pipe is provided at the center of the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder. The top of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder, and the bottom end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to a waste liquid collection device. A flue gas outlet is machined on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder. A third oil fume pipe is provided on the outer side wall of the oil collecting cylinder, and the inlet end of the third oil fume pipe is connected to the flue gas outlet on the oil collecting cylinder. The arc-shaped baffle plate is provided at the flue gas outlet on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder, and the arc-shaped baffle plate is detachably connected to the oil collecting cylinder.

[0021] Furthermore, the second cathode assembly includes a fixing frame, a V-shaped bottom frame, a cross-shaped insulating sheet, and multiple cylindrical electrodes. The cross-shaped insulating sheet is positioned above the upper top plate and is fixedly connected to the outer top of the upper top plate. The V-shaped bottom frame is positioned below the lower bottom plate and is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate via the fixing frame. Multiple cylindrical electrodes are arranged between the cross-shaped insulating sheet and the V-shaped bottom frame. One end of each cylindrical electrode is fixedly connected to an electrode mounting hole on the cross-shaped insulating sheet, and the other end of each cylindrical electrode passes sequentially through the upper top plate, a heat exchange tube, and the lower bottom plate and is fixedly connected to the V-shaped bottom frame. The V-shaped bottom frame is provided with multiple cylindrical connectors, and each cylindrical connector is provided with a machined wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box is connected to multiple cylindrical connectors via multiple second-order cathode wires.

[0022] Furthermore, the fresh air duct component includes a first fresh air duct, a second fresh air duct, a first static pressure box, a second static pressure box, and a third fresh air duct. The first fresh air duct is located at the lower part of the outer cylinder, with its inlet end connected to the atmosphere and its outlet end connected to the outer cylinder. The second fresh air duct is located at the upper part of the outer cylinder, with its inlet end connected to the outer cylinder and its outlet end connected to the inlet end of the second static pressure box. The second static pressure box is fixed to the rear side plate of the flue casing, and its outlet end is connected to multiple corrugated pipes through multiple rectangular openings of size 2 on the rear side plate. The first static pressure box is fixed to the front side plate of the flue casing, with its inlet end connected to multiple corrugated pipes through multiple rectangular openings of size 1 on the front side plate. The third fresh air duct is located on the first static pressure box, with its inlet end connected to the outlet end of the first static pressure box and its outlet end connected to the indoor environment.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are:

[0024] 1. This application provides a two-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions. Compared to the corona charging technology commonly used in current high-voltage electrostatic fume removal technology, where high-voltage electrode wires are evenly distributed within the fume purification section, resulting in direct contact between the oil fumes and the high-voltage plates and a high risk of fire, this invention uses inductive charging technology to charge and atomize the washing liquid before spraying it out. The high-voltage charged area is only the atomizer within the charged mixing section. Furthermore, the internal space of the electrode induction ring maintains positive pressure due to the injection of charged liquid mist, preventing direct contact between the oil fumes and the high-voltage electrodes. This reduces the possibility of sparks and fires, significantly improving the operational safety of high-voltage electrostatic equipment in the field of fume purification. Since the numerous electrode wires in the fume treatment section only provide the Coulomb force to move oil droplets to the collection plate, they can be reduced to medium or low voltage without the need for high-voltage corona charging. This reduces the coverage area of ​​the high-voltage circuit, lowers the cost of high-voltage circuit protection, and enhances system safety.

[0025] 2. Existing oil fume treatment technologies, while employing spraying to cool the fumes, suffer from significant resistance to fume flow due to the water curtain, resulting in excessive waste liquid and low utilization efficiency of the washing liquid (water). This invention utilizes an atomizing device to spray the charged washing liquid into a charged mixing section. This mixture, after mixing with the high-temperature oil fumes, exhibits a significant evaporation and cooling effect with minimal impact on oil fume resistance. Furthermore, within the charged mixing section, the charged liquid mist absorbs heat and evaporates, further reducing the oil fume temperature. This temperature reduction promotes the coagulation and aggregation of oil fume particles, facilitating their removal. Additionally, the evaporation of the charged liquid mist shrinks the droplets, increasing the charge-to-mass ratio and promoting the binding of charged droplets with oil fume particles, thus ensuring effective charging of the oil fume particles. Since the majority of oil fume particles are distributed in the micron and nanometer ranges, with micron-sized particles exhibiting significant gravity settling and a large mass proportion, while nano-sized particles show significant diffusion and a small mass proportion, a grading device is used to remove oil fume particles of different sizes, resulting in excellent oil fume purification.

[0026] 3. In the fume treatment section of this application, the residual heat in the charged oil droplets in the fume is transferred to the fresh air through the contact collection plate. The residual heat of the gas in the fume condenses and releases heat when it encounters the cold collection plate, thereby heating the fresh air. The fresh air passage and the fume passage of the two-stage fume treatment unit exchange heat in a counter-current stepped manner, making the maximum use of the residual heat in the fume to heat the fresh air and significantly reducing the energy consumption of fresh air in winter. When treating fume, the current high-voltage electrostatic technology can only charge the fume particles. When the charged fume particles are concentrated on the collection plate by electrostatic force, because the fume accumulates into a paste, the charge on the fume particles is difficult to conduct to the collection plate. They continue to accumulate on the collection plate, producing a "back corona" phenomenon that cancels out the driving force of the electric field in the collection area, affecting the removal effect of fume particles. As the thickness of the fume accumulation increases, the subsequent cleaning becomes extremely difficult, affecting the efficiency of the fume removal system. This technology addresses the aforementioned problems in two ways. First, charged droplet oil fume particles aggregate on the collection plate under electrostatic force within the fume treatment section. Since the detergent within the charged droplets is conductive, electrons are introduced into the collection plate (the electrode wire in the fume treatment section is negatively charged, the high-voltage induction ring is positively charged, and the charged droplets are negatively charged), preventing the accumulation of charged oil droplets on the collection plate and effectively solving the inhibitory effect of the back electric field on the collection of oil fume particles. Second, the moisture in the oil fume condenses in the collection area, producing condensate that dilutes the detergent concentration within the charged droplet oil fume particles, increasing its conductivity and reducing the viscosity of the oil fume mixture. The waste liquid on the collection plate, through gravity and the blowing force of the fume airflow, achieves a self-cleaning function for the oil stains on the collection plate surface during operation. When no oil fume treatment is needed, the unit is turned on, and a large amount of charged water mist is carried by the air expelled by the fan from the charged mixing zone into the oil fume treatment section. Under the action of electrostatic force, it is collected on the collection plate. The detergent in the water mist emulsifies and cleans the residual oil on the collection plate more thoroughly. The waste liquid is removed from the collection plate by gravity and wind, which improves the self-cleaning ability of the oil fume unit and promotes the application of high voltage electrostatic technology in the field of oil fume treatment.

[0027] 4. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit provided in this application, which combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions, reduces the humidity of the discharged oil fumes through the condensation effect of the dual-stage oil fume treatment section, reduces the amount of condensate water at the exhaust port that comes into contact with the outside, and alleviates the freezing and blockage of the exhaust port in winter. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the primary fume treatment section in the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the charged mixing section in the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the primary fume treatment section in the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0033] Figure 6 For this Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the corrugated pipe in the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0035] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the first cathode component in the primary fume treatment section of the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the secondary fume treatment section in the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cathode component in the secondary fume treatment section of the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the fume treatment unit described in this application;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of enthalpy and humidity changes of internal flue gas and fresh air in the fume treatment unit described in this application during fume treatment;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of enthalpy and humidity changes of internal gas and fresh air when the fume treatment unit described in this application is not treating fumes.

[0041] The diagram shows: 1. Fume collection device; 11. Fume hood; 12. Fume fan; 2. Charged mixing section; 21. Charged atomizer; 2101. Sealed box; 2102. Atomizing device; 2103. Induction electrode; 22. Mixing box; 3. Primary fume treatment section; 31. Smoke pipe shell; 3101. Front side plate; 3102. Top plate; 3103. Rear side plate; 3104. Bottom plate; 32. Motor equipment box; 33. Liquid storage tank; 34. Corrugated pipe; 35. First cathode assembly; 35011. Fishbone line; 35012. Fishbone line; 35021. Spiral fixing post; 35022. First cathode frame; 35023. First nut; 35024. First cathode wire; 35031. Second nut; 35032. Connecting stud; 35033. Insulation plate; 36. Square water baffle; 4. Secondary fume treatment section; 41. Shell-tube type pipe; 41. 01 Top plate, 4102 Outer cylinder, 4103 Heat exchange tube collection, 4104 Bottom plate, 4201 Oil collection cylinder, 4202 Waste liquid pipe, 4203 Arc-shaped baffle, 4301 Columnar electrode wire, 4302 Fixing frame, 4303 V-shaped bottom frame, 4304 Cross insulating sheet, 4305 No. 2 cathode wire, 5 Fume duct components, 51 First fume duct, 52 Second fume duct, 53 First fume reducing pipe, 54 Fume bend, 55 Second fume reducing pipe, 56 Third fume duct, 6 Fresh air duct components, 61 First fresh air duct, 62 Second fresh air duct, 63 First static pressure box, 64 Second static pressure box, 65 Third fresh air duct, 7 Low-voltage AC main circuit, 8 First booster, 9 Second booster, 10 Third booster, 11 Protective resistor and 12 Silicon stack rectifier. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment describes a dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions. The unit includes an oil fume collection device 1, a charged mixing section 2, a primary oil fume treatment section 3, a secondary oil fume treatment section 4, an oil fume duct component 5, and a fresh air duct component 6. The oil fume collection device 1 is installed at the inlet end of the oil fume duct component 5. The charged mixing section 2, the primary oil fume treatment section 3, and the secondary oil fume treatment section 4 are connected in series in the oil fume duct component 5 along the oil fume flow direction. The fresh air duct component 6 is located outside the oil fume duct component 5 and is installed on the primary oil fume treatment section 3 and the secondary oil fume treatment section 4. The air inlet end of the fresh air duct component 6 is located outside the secondary oil fume treatment section 4, and the air outlet end of the fresh air duct component 6 passes through the secondary oil fume treatment section 4 and the primary oil fume treatment section 3 in sequence and is located outside the primary oil fume treatment section 3.

[0043] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the fume collection device 1 includes a fume collection hood 11 and a fume collection fan 12. The fume collection fan 12 is installed in the inlet end of the fume duct component 5, and the housing of the fume collection fan 12 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component 5. The fume collection hood 11 is installed on the air inlet side of the fume collection fan 12, and the fume collection hood 11 is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component 5. The air inlet side of the fume collection fan 12 is connected to the fume collection hood 11, and the air outlet side of the fume collection fan 12 is connected to the fume duct component 5. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment one.

[0044] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment two in that the fume extraction duct component 5 includes a first fume extraction duct 51, a second fume extraction duct 52, a first fume extraction reducer duct 53, a fume extraction bend 54, a second fume extraction reducer duct 55, and a third fume extraction duct 56. These components are arranged sequentially along the fume flow direction. A gas collecting fan 12 is located at the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct 51, and the housing of the gas collecting fan 12 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct 51. A gas collecting hood 11 is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the first fume extraction duct 51. The inlet end of the second fume extraction duct 52 is connected to the outlet end of the first fume extraction duct 51. A charged mixing section 2 is sequentially arranged along the fume flow direction on the outlet end of the second fume extraction duct 52. The system comprises a primary fume treatment section 3, a charged mixing section 2, and a secondary fume treatment section 4. The inlet end of the secondary fume treatment section 4 is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct 52. The inlet end of the primary fume treatment section 3 is connected to the outlet end of the charged mixing section 2. A first fume reducing pipe 53 is located at the outlet end of the primary fume treatment section 3, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the primary fume treatment section 3. The inlet end of the fume bend 54 is connected to the outlet end of the first fume reducing pipe 53. The inlet end of the second fume reducing pipe 55 is connected to the outlet end of the fume bend 54. The secondary fume treatment section 4 is located at the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe 55, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe 55. A third fume duct 56 is located at the outlet end of the secondary fume treatment section 4, and its inlet end is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the secondary fume treatment section 4. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment two.

[0045] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from specific embodiment three in that the charged mixing section 2 includes a charged atomizer 21 and a mixing chamber 22. The mixing chamber 22 is located at the outlet end of the second fume duct 52, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct 52. The outlet end of the mixing chamber 22 is connected to the inlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section 3. The charged atomizer 21 is installed on the top wall of the mixing chamber 22, and its nozzle end is connected to the mixing chamber 22. The charged atomizer 21 includes a sealing box 2101, an atomizing device 2102, and a sensing electrode 2103. The sealing box 2101 is installed on the top wall of the mixing chamber 22, and its nozzle end is connected to the mixing chamber 22. The housing 22 is connected to the sealing box 2101. The atomizing device 2102 is inserted into the top of the sealing box 2101, with the mist spraying end of the atomizing device 2102 located inside the sealing box 2101. The pressurized air input end and the pressurized washing liquid input end of the atomizing device 2102 are both located outside the sealing box 2101. The sensing electrode 2103 is inserted into the sealing box 2101. One end of the sensing electrode 2103 inside the sealing box 2101 has a circular structure, and this circular end is located directly below the mist spraying end of the atomizing device 2102. The other end of the sensing electrode 2103 outside the sealing box 2101 is connected to an external wire. The connections between the atomizing device 2102 and the sensing electrode 2103 and the sealing box 2101 are all sealed. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment three.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from specific embodiment four in that the primary fume treatment section 3 includes a flue shell 31, a motor housing 32, a liquid storage tank 33, a square baffle plate 36, a first cathode unit, and a corrugated pipe unit. The flue shell 31 is located at the outlet end of the mixing box 22, and its inlet end is connected to the outlet end of the mixing box 22. The outlet end of the flue shell 31 is connected to the inlet end of the first fume reducing pipe 53. The motor housing 32 is installed on top of the flue shell 31. The first cathode unit and the corrugated pipe unit are located inside the flue shell 31. The corrugated pipe unit includes multiple corrugated pipe groups, which are arranged equidistantly along the flue gas flow direction inside the flue shell 31. Each corrugated pipe group has multiple corrugated pipes 34 in the vertical direction, and both ends of each corrugated pipe 34 are connected to the flue shell 31. The first cathode unit comprises multiple first cathode assembly groups, which are arranged equidistantly along the flue gas flow direction within the flue pipe housing 31. Each first cathode assembly group includes multiple first cathode assemblies 35, which are positioned between two adjacent corrugated pipes 34. Both ends of the first cathode assembly 35 are detachably connected to the corresponding sidewall of the flue pipe housing 31. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box 32 is connected to the voltage input terminal of each first cathode assembly 35. A liquid storage tank 33 is located at the bottom of the outlet end of the flue pipe housing 31, and its top is connected to the flue pipe housing 31. The side opening of the liquid storage tank 31 is connected to a waste liquid collection device. A square baffle plate 36 is embedded in the outlet end of the flue pipe housing 31 and is detachably connected to the flue pipe housing 31. Other components and connections are the same as in specific embodiment four.

[0047] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from specific embodiment five in that the outer casing 31 of the flue includes a front side plate 3101, a top plate 3102, a rear side plate 3103, and a bottom plate 3104. The front side plate 3101 and the rear side plate 3103 are arranged parallel to each other. The top plate 3102 is located on top of the front side plate 3101 and the rear side plate 3103, and the bottom edge of the front side of the top plate 3102 is fixedly connected to the front side plate 3101. The bottom edge of the rear side of the top plate 3102 is fixedly connected to the rear side plate 3103. The bottom plate 3104 is located at the bottom of the front side plate 3101 and the rear side plate 3103, and the bottom plate 3104 is arranged parallel to the top plate 3102. The top edge of the front side of the bottom plate 3104 is fixedly connected to the front side plate 3101. The top edge of the front side plate 3101 is fixedly connected to the rear side plate 3103. Multiple rectangular openings (number 1) and multiple sets of cathode connection holes (number 1) are evenly distributed on the front side plate 3101. Multiple rectangular openings (number 2) and multiple sets of cathode connection holes (number 2) are evenly distributed on the rear side plate 3103. Each rectangular opening (number 1) corresponds to one rectangular opening (number 2), and each set of cathode connection holes (number 1) corresponds to one set of cathode connection holes (number 2). One end of each bellows 34 is connected to a rectangular opening (number 1), and the other end is connected to a rectangular opening (number 2). One end of each first cathode assembly 35 is detachably connected to the front side plate 3101 through a set of cathode connection holes (number 1), and the other end is detachably connected to the rear side plate 3103 through a set of cathode connection holes (number 2). Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment five.

[0048] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment Six in that the first cathode assembly 35 includes a first cathode frame 35022, two first cathode frame connecting wires, and multiple electrode parts. The multiple electrode parts are equidistantly arranged within the first cathode frame 35022 along the width extension direction of the multiple electrode parts, and one end of each electrode part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame 35022. Each first cathode frame connecting wire is located on the outer side of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame 35022. Two spiral fixing posts 35021 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each wide frame body along the center line of the length direction of the wide frame body. One end of each spiral fixing post 35021 is fixedly connected to the first cathode frame 35022. The first cathode frame 35022 is detachably connected to a first cathode frame connecting wire through the two spiral fixing posts 35021. The first cathode frame 35022 is detachably connected to the front side plate 3101 and the rear side plate 3103 respectively through the two first cathode frame connecting wires.

[0049] The electrode section includes a fishbone wire 35011 and a plurality of fishbone wires 35012. The fishbone wire 35011 is horizontally disposed between two wide frame bodies in the first cathode frame 35022, and each end of the fishbone wire 35011 is fixedly connected to the adjacent wide frame body. The plurality of fishbone wires 35012 are arranged alternately on both sides of the fishbone wire 35011, and one end of each fishbone wire 35012 is fixedly connected to the fishbone wire 35011.

[0050] The first cathode frame connection terminal includes an insulating plate 35033, two second nuts 35031, and two connecting studs 35032. The insulating plate 35033 is disposed on the outer side of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame 35022. Two connecting holes are machined in the middle of the insulating plate 35033, each connecting hole being coaxially corresponding to a spiral fixing post 35021. The insulating plate 35033 is sleeved on the two spiral fixing posts 35021 through the two connecting holes, and the insulating plate 35033 is detachably connected to the first cathode frame 35022 through the two first nuts 35023. A mounting hole is machined at each of the upper and lower ends of the insulating plate 35033. A corresponding connecting stud 35032 is provided. One end of the connecting stud 35032 is located on the side of the insulating plate 35033 near the first cathode frame 35022. The other end of the connecting stud 35032 passes through the front side plate 3101 or the rear side plate 3103 and is inserted into a second nut 35031. The insulating plate 35033 is detachably connected to the front side plate 3101 or the rear side plate 3103 by cooperating with two connecting studs 35032 and two second nuts 35031. Each spiral fixing post 35021 is provided with a wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box 32 is connected to multiple spiral fixing posts 35021 through multiple first cathode wires 35024 respectively. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment six.

[0051] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from specific embodiment seven in that the secondary fume treatment section 4 includes a shell-and-tube pipe 41, an oil collection hopper, and a second cathode assembly. The shell-and-tube pipe 41 is located at the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe 55, and the inlet end of the shell-and-tube pipe 41 is connected to the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe 55. The second cathode assembly is located in the shell-and-tube pipe 41, with its top extending above the shell-and-tube pipe 41 and fixedly connected to the outer top of the shell-and-tube pipe 41. The bottom of the second cathode assembly extends below the shell-and-tube pipe 41 and is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the shell-and-tube pipe 41. The oil collection hopper is fitted onto the outlet end of the shell-and-tube pipe 41, and its top is detachably connected to the shell-and-tube pipe 41. A third fume pipe 56 is located on the oil collection hopper, and its inlet end is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the oil collection hopper.

[0052] The shell-and-tube pipe 41 includes an upper top plate 4101, an outer cylinder 4102, a lower bottom plate 4104, and a plurality of heat exchange collection tubes 4103. The upper top plate 4101 is located at the top inlet end of the outer cylinder 4102 and has a circular plate structure. The upper top plate 4101 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 4102. The lower bottom plate 4104 is located at the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder 4102 and has a V-shaped plate. The bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder 4102 is fitted with the lower bottom plate 4104. The lower bottom plate 4104 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 4102. A plurality of heat exchange collection tubes 4103 are arranged in an array in the outer cylinder 4102. The top end of each heat exchange collection tube 4103 passes through the upper top plate 4101 and is connected to the second oil fume reducing pipe 55. The bottom end of each heat exchange collection tube 4103 passes through the lower bottom plate 4104 and is connected to the oil collection hopper.

[0053] The oil collecting hopper includes an oil collecting cylinder 4201, a waste liquid pipe 4202, and an arc-shaped baffle plate 4203. The top of the oil collecting cylinder 4201 is sleeved on the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder 4102, and the oil collecting cylinder 4201 and the outer cylinder 4102 are detachably connected. The bottom of the oil collecting cylinder 4201 is designed with an inverted conical structure. The waste liquid pipe 4202 is located at the center of the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder 4201, and the top of the waste liquid pipe 4202 is connected to the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder 4201. The bottom end of the waste liquid pipe 4202 is connected to the waste liquid collection device. A flue gas outlet is machined on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder 4201. A third oil fume pipe 56 is installed on the outer side wall of the oil collecting cylinder 4201, and its inlet end is connected to the flue gas outlet on the oil collecting cylinder 4201. An arc-shaped baffle plate 4203 is installed at the flue gas outlet on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder 4201, and is detachably connected to the oil collecting cylinder 4201. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment seven.

[0054] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment eight in that the second cathode assembly includes a fixing frame 4302, a V-shaped bottom frame 4303, a cross-shaped insulating sheet 4304, and multiple cylindrical electrode wires 4301. The cross-shaped insulating sheet 4304 is disposed above the upper top plate 4101 and is fixedly connected to the outer top of the upper top plate 4101. The V-shaped bottom frame 4303 is disposed below the lower bottom plate 4104 and is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate 4104 via the fixing frame 4302. The multiple cylindrical electrode wires 4301 are arranged in an array. Between the cross-shaped insulating sheet 4304 and the V-shaped base frame 4303, one end of each cylindrical electrode 4301 is fixedly connected to an electrode mounting hole on the cross-shaped insulating sheet 4304, and the other end of each cylindrical electrode 4301 passes sequentially through the upper top plate 4101, a heat exchange tube 4103, and the lower bottom plate 4104 and is fixedly connected to the V-shaped base frame 4303. The V-shaped base frame 4303 is provided with multiple cylindrical connectors, each with a machined wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box 32 is connected to multiple cylindrical connectors via multiple second-order cathode wires 4305. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment eight.

[0055] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment nine in that the fresh air duct component 6 includes a first fresh air duct 61, a second fresh air duct 62, a first static pressure box 63, a second static pressure box 64, and a third fresh air duct 65. The first fresh air duct 61 is located at the lower part of the outer cylinder 4102, with its inlet end communicating with the atmosphere and its outlet end communicating with the outer cylinder 4102. The second fresh air duct 62 is located at the upper part of the outer cylinder 4102, with its inlet end communicating with the outer cylinder 4102 and its outlet end communicating with the inlet end of the second static pressure box 64. The second static pressure box 64 is fixedly connected to the rear side plate 3103 of the flue casing 31. The air outlet of the second static pressure box 64 is connected to multiple corrugated pipes 34 through multiple rectangular openings of No. 2 on the rear side plate 3103. The first static pressure box 63 is fixedly connected to the front side plate 3101 of the flue casing 31. The air inlet of the first static pressure box 63 is connected to multiple corrugated pipes 34 through multiple rectangular openings of No. 1 on the front side plate 3101. The third fresh air duct 65 is installed on the first static pressure box 63, and the air inlet of the third fresh air duct 65 is connected to the air outlet of the first static pressure box 63. The air outlet of the third fresh air duct 65 is connected to the indoor unit. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment nine.

[0056] The circuit diagram of the fume treatment unit described in this application is as follows, in conjunction with specific embodiments one through ten. Figure 11 As shown, the circuit is divided into three loops. In the first loop, the first booster 8 raises the low-voltage AC line voltage to high voltage, and one end is connected to the protection resistor 11 and then to the silicon stack rectifier 12 to rectify it into DC power. Then, it is connected to the induction electrode 2103 to make the induction electrode positively charged. The other end of the high-voltage loop of the first booster is connected to the voltmeter and then grounded. The atomizing device 2102 is grounded. The sprayed liquid mist is charged through the principle of induction charging. For the second and third loops, since the first cathode component 35 and the second cathode component 43 only need to provide the Coulomb force to move the oil droplets to the collecting plate, and no high voltage is required to ionize the flue gas, the voltage only needs to reach the medium voltage. Under the action of the second booster 9 and the third booster 10, the low-voltage AC line voltage is increased to the medium voltage and then connected to the protection resistor and the rectifier, so that the first cathode component 35 and the second cathode component 43 are energized. The rectifiers of the second and third loops are in the opposite direction to the rectifiers of the first loop. The flue shell 31, the corrugated pipe 34, and the collecting heat exchange tube 4103 are all grounded.

[0057] The fume treatment unit provided in this application has two operating modes:

[0058] The first operating mode is used when treating oil fumes. High-temperature oil fumes are first drawn in by the fan 12 under the guidance of the gas collection hood 11, and sent into the charged mixing section 2 through the first oil fume duct 51 and the second oil fume duct 52. The detergent is atomized into liquid mist under the action of the atomizing device 2102, and the liquid mist is charged due to the induction electrode 2103. The sealing box 2101 isolates the atomizing device 2102 from the outside. Since the atomizing device 2102 continuously sprays gas and detergent into the sealing box 2101 and the mixing box 22, the air pressure in the sealing box 2101 is higher than the air pressure in the mixing box 22, thereby preventing the oil fumes from contacting the high-voltage induction electrode 2103. Within the charged mixing section 2, after the charged liquid mist comes into contact with the high-temperature oil fume, the moisture in the liquid mist particles evaporates due to heat, further reducing the particle size of the charged liquid mist, lowering the flue gas temperature, and increasing the humidity. During this period, the droplets within the liquid mist combine with particulate matter in the oil fume due to random impacts and electrostatic attraction, forming charged liquid droplet oil fume particle aggregates. Some of the larger charged liquid droplet oil fume particle aggregates settle on the lower surface of the mixing box 22 due to gravity, while the remaining medium and small-sized charged liquid droplet oil fume particle aggregates flow with the flue gas towards the primary oil fume treatment section. When the flue gas flows through the space between two adjacent rows of corrugated pipes 34, because the charged liquid droplet oil fume particle aggregates have the same electrical charge as the first cathode component 35, the charged liquid droplet oil fume particle aggregates are repelled by the first cathode component 35 onto the corrugated pipes 34. Meanwhile, due to the high humidity of the gas, the gas encounters the cooled corrugated pipes 34... The condensate heat release from the outer wall is used to preheat the cold fresh air inside the corrugated pipe. The condensate can dissolve the charged droplet oil fume particles on the outer wall of the corrugated pipe 34 to form waste liquid. The waste liquid falls onto the sloping bottom surface 3104 of the outer casing 31 of the flue pipe under the action of wind power, and flows into the liquid storage tank 33 under the action of gravity, and finally is discharged through the drainage hole. The condensate also facilitates the introduction of the free electrons and negative ions in the charged droplet oil fume particles into the corrugated pipe, avoiding the accumulation of charge on the corrugated pipe.After passing through the primary fume treatment section, the flue gas, carrying the remaining extremely small charged liquid droplet oil fume particles, is sent into the secondary fume treatment section 4 through the first oil fume reducing pipe 53, the oil fume bend 54, and the second oil fume reducing pipe 55. It then enters the collection heat exchange tube 4103, forming an oil fume channel. Because the charged liquid droplet oil fume particles have the same electrical charge as the second cathode component 43 inside the collection heat exchange tube 4103, the charged liquid droplet oil fume particles are repelled by the cylindrical electrode 4301 of the second cathode component 45 and pushed onto the inner wall of the collection heat exchange tube 4103. The gas encounters the collection heat exchange tube 4103, which is colder than the corrugated pipe 34. After step 103, condensate is further produced. The function of the condensate is the same as that in the first-stage fume treatment section. The heat released by condensation is used to preheat the fresh air entering the shell-and-tube duct 41 from the cold outside. The waste liquid formed on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 4103 is carried by gravity and wind to the lower V-shaped bottom surface 4104, and then flows into the liquid guide groove inside the oil collection cylinder 4201, and finally is discharged from the unit from the waste liquid outlet 4202. After the extremely small charged liquid droplet oil fume particles are removed by the second-stage fume treatment section 4, the gas is discharged to the outside environment through the third fume duct 56 after passing through the arc-shaped baffle plate 4203. Meanwhile, fresh air from outside enters the first fresh air duct 61 under the pressure of the fan. When it passes through the fresh air space in the secondary fume treatment section 5, it absorbs heat by circulating around the heat exchange tube 4103. Then, it enters the first static pressure box 63 through the second fresh air duct 62 to balance the air pressure. After that, it enters the fresh air channel inside the corrugated pipe 34. After exchanging heat with the wall of the corrugated pipe 34, the temperature rises further. Then, it enters the second static pressure box 64 to balance the air pressure again. Finally, it enters the third fresh air duct 65, which delivers the heated fresh air to the room or other places that need fresh air.

[0059] The second operating mode is when there is no oil fume indoors. This mode provides ventilation for the indoor environment, simultaneously cleans residual oil from the self-cleaning collection device, and preheats fresh air. When no oil fume is generated indoors, indoor air is drawn in by the fan 12 under the guidance of the fume collection hood 11, and then sent to the charged mixing section 2 through the first oil fume duct 51 and the second oil fume duct 52. After contacting the indoor air, the charged liquid mist is directly sent to the primary oil fume treatment section 3, where some of the charged droplets in the charged liquid mist... With the same electrical properties as the first cathode component 35, the charged droplets are repelled by the first cathode component 35 onto the bellows 34. After combining with the residual oil on the bellows 34, they form waste liquid. Under the action of wind and gravity, the waste liquid is removed from the bellows 34, thus achieving a self-cleaning function. When the outside fresh air volume is large, the temperature of the waste liquid on the outer surface of the bellows 34 is lower than the dew point temperature of the air inside the liquid mist, which can cause condensation. The condensate increases the waste liquid flow on the outer wall of the bellows 34, thereby better cleaning the outer wall of the bellows 34. The remaining charged droplets are sent with the gas into the collection heat exchange tube 4103 in the secondary fume treatment section 4. Similar to the primary fume treatment section, the charged droplets move onto the collection heat exchange tube 4103 under the action of Coulomb force. After combining with the residual oil on the inner wall of the collection heat exchange tube 4103, they form waste liquid. Under the action of wind and gravity, the waste liquid is removed from the collection heat exchange tube 4103, realizing the self-cleaning function. When the outside fresh air volume is large, the temperature of the waste liquid on the inner surface of the collection heat exchange tube 4103 is lower than the dew point temperature of the air in the liquid mist, which can cause condensation. The condensate increases the waste liquid flow rate on the inner wall of the collection heat exchange tube 4103, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the collection heat exchange tube 4103 better. Optionally, the outlet of the charged mixing section 2 can also be sent into the secondary fume treatment section through a bypass pipe to achieve a stronger cleaning function.

[0060] The fume treatment unit provided in this application can improve the fume treatment effect by increasing the number of corrugated pipes 34 in the first-stage fume treatment section 3 for fumes with larger particle size, and by increasing the length of the collection heat exchange tube 4103 in the second-stage fume treatment section 4 for fumes with smaller particle size.

[0061] The fume treatment unit provided in this application can improve the fume treatment effect by increasing the number of corrugated pipes 34 and the number of collection heat exchange tubes 4103 for large flow of fume.

[0062] The corrugated outer wall and the inner wall of the heat exchange tank provided in this application can be enhanced with biomimetic hydrophobic structures and low-adhesion coatings to promote droplet condensation and collection, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0063] The bottom surface of the mixing box 22 in the fume treatment unit provided in this application is a downward sloping surface along the direction of fume flow. It is used to collect a small amount of waste liquid that is formed by the gravity settling of large fume particles and water mist. A small opening is opened at the lower left corner of the front part of the mixing box 22 for discharging the waste liquid. The specific distribution of the rectangular openings and cathode connection holes in the first-stage fume treatment section 3 on the front side 3101 and the rear side 3103 is as follows: the spacing between the first or second rectangular openings in adjacent columns is the same. The ratio of the spacing between the first or second rectangular openings in adjacent rows from bottom to top is set as L1:L2:L3:L4. In order to offset the excessively high lower air pressure caused by the inclined arrangement of the corrugated pipe 34 in guiding the fume flow and to maintain the stable air pressure in the first-stage fume treatment section 3, L1, L2, L3, and L4 satisfy L1>L2>L3>L4. The cathode connection holes are distributed between each row of rectangular openings and arranged parallel to the long sides of the upper and lower rectangular openings. Both rectangular openings No. 1 and No. 2 are arranged downwards along the direction of the oil fume airflow. An opening is located at the connection point between the top surface 3102 of the flue casing 31 and the motor equipment box 32, leading to a wiring groove. A wiring groove is provided between the upper edge of the rear side surface 3103 and each row of rectangular openings. The No. 1 cathode wire 35024 is led out from inside the motor equipment box 32, passes through the wiring groove in the top surface 3102 and the wiring groove in the rear side surface 3103, and connects to the No. 1 cathode component 35. The bottom surface 3104 of the flue casing 31 is designed as a downward-sloping surface along the airflow direction, so that the waste liquid on the bottom surface 3104 can be collected into the storage tank 33 under the action of the oil fume blower and gravity.

[0064] The liquid storage tank 33 is connected to the edge of the bottom surface 3104 of the flue shell 31, and has a small drainage hole at the rear to collect the waste liquid flowing out from the inside of the flue shell 31. Finally, the collected oil droplets are discharged to the waste liquid collection device from the small drainage hole at the rear.

[0065] The motor equipment box 32 is used to house some booster devices and other motor-related equipment for the cathode wire electrodes. It is connected to the top surface 3102 of the flue shell 31. A wiring hole is provided at the connection point, and the wiring hole is connected to the wiring groove on the inner wall of the top surface 3102 of the flue.

[0066] The corrugated pipe 44 has corrugated upper and lower outer walls and flat front and rear outer walls. The left and right ends of the corrugated pipe 34 are the same size as the first and second rectangular openings on the flue casing 31. The two ends of the corrugated pipe 34 are fixed to the rectangular openings on the front side 3101 and rear side 3103 of the flue casing 31, respectively, and form a fresh air channel with the fresh air duct component 6.

[0067] The present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments. Figure 12 and Figure 13The state points in the diagram are used to explain the unit's operating principles and are not intended to limit the invention. The operation of the unit under different conditions or simple modifications to the unit are all within the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0068] In the description of this application, it should be understood that directional terms such as "front," "back," "up," "down," "left," "right," and "top," "bottom," etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the center of the device and the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to inside and outside relative to the center of each component. For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "inner side," "outer side," etc., may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of words such as "one," "two," etc., to define components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Working principle:

[0070] This invention primarily utilizes inductive charging technology to combine oil fume particles with charged droplets, which then become charged. The oil fume is removed through electrostatic adsorption. In the absence of oil fume, the charged droplets become charged and, through electrostatic adsorption, clean the oil stains on the oil fume collection device. Simultaneously, water vapor phase change heat exchange technology is used to achieve heat exchange between the oil fume and fresh air. The resulting condensate not only facilitates the discharge of charge from the combined oil fume droplets, preventing charge accumulation from weakening the oil fume adsorption effect, but also increases wastewater flow, promotes the self-cleaning ability of the oil fume treatment section, and reduces the humidity at the exhaust, lowering the risk of freezing at the terminal air vents.

[0071] Inductive charging technology refers to the phenomenon of charge separation on a conductor caused by the influence of an electric field. Taking the positively charged inductive electrode 2103 used in this invention as an example, the inductive electrode 2103 is connected to a high voltage positive electrode. Since the atomizing device is grounded, the charges carried by electrons in the ground and negative ions in the water will move through the wire to the end of the liquid mist droplet near the electrode under the attraction of the high voltage positive electrode, thereby making the droplet negatively charged.

[0072] Electrostatic adsorption technology refers to the process where charged droplets combine with oil fume particles to form charged droplet-oil fume particle aggregates. After the aggregates enter the primary and secondary oil fume treatment stages, the negatively charged aggregates are repelled by Coulomb force onto the corrugated pipe 34 and the heat exchange collection pipe 4103 due to the negative charge of the first cathode assembly 35 and the second cathode assembly 43, thus achieving the removal of oil fumes.

[0073] Water vapor phase change heat transfer technology refers to the process where liquid water evaporates and absorbs heat when it encounters a high-temperature gas, lowering the gas temperature and increasing its humidity. Then, when it encounters a cold wall surface below its dew point temperature, condensation occurs, producing condensate and releasing heat. This invention demonstrates that the enthalpy-humidity changes of the internal gas differ when treating oil fumes compared to when not treating oil fumes. Schematic diagrams illustrating the principle of internal gas enthalpy-humidity changes under both operating conditions are provided, as follows: Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown;

[0074] like Figure 12As shown, the state point of the high-temperature oil fume collected by the oil fume collection device can be represented by S1. After the high-temperature oil fume comes into contact with the water mist in the charged mixing section 2, the moisture content increases from dS1 to dS2, and the temperature decreases from TS1 to TS2, so the state point moves to S2. After the high-temperature oil fume enters the first-stage oil fume treatment section 3, it encounters the cold corrugated pipe 34 and produces condensate. The temperature decreases from TS2 to TS3, and the moisture content decreases from dS2 to dS3, so the state point moves to S3. Then the oil fume enters the second-stage oil fume treatment section 4 and comes into contact with the collection heat exchange tube 4103, which is at a lower temperature than the corrugated pipe 34, and further produces condensate. The temperature decreases from TS3 to TS4, and the moisture content decreases from dS3 to dS4, so the state point moves to S4, and finally it is discharged to the outside. The initial state point of the fresh air is X1. Since the fresh air is isolated from the oil fume, only heat exchange occurs and no mass transfer occurs, so the humidity does not change. The fresh air first enters the secondary oil fume treatment section and is heated by the heat exchange tube 4103. The temperature rises from TX1 to TX2, and the state point moves to X2. Then the fresh air enters the primary oil fume treatment section and is heated by the corrugated pipe 34. The temperature rises further from TX2 to TX3, thus realizing the fresh air preheating function.

[0075] like Figure 13 As shown, when the gas is untreated, the indoor air state can be represented by H1. After contact with the high-temperature gas and the water mist in the charged mixing section B, the moisture content increases from dH1 to dH2, the temperature decreases from TH1 to TH2, and the state point moves to H2. After the high-temperature gas enters the first-stage fume treatment section 3, it encounters the cold corrugated pipe 34 and produces condensate. The temperature decreases from TH2 to TH3, the moisture content decreases from dH2 to dH3, and the state point moves to H3. Then, the indoor air enters the second-stage fume treatment section and comes into contact with the heat exchange tube 4103, which is at a lower temperature than the corrugated pipe 34. Condensate is further produced, the temperature decreases from TH3 to TH4, the moisture content decreases from dH3 to dH4, and the state point moves to H4. Finally, it is discharged to the outside. The initial state point of the fresh air is Y1. Since the fresh air is isolated from the air drawn from the room, only heat exchange occurs and no mass transfer occurs, so the humidity does not change. The fresh air first enters the secondary fume treatment section and is heated by the heat exchange tube 4103. The temperature rises from TY1 to TY2, and the state point moves to Y2. Then the fresh air enters the primary fume treatment section and is heated by the corrugated tube 34. The temperature rises further from TY2 to TY3.

[0076] The preheating capacity Q of the fresh air can be calculated using the following formula:

[0077] Q = M n C(T2-T1)

[0078] In the formula, Q represents the heat absorbed by the fresh air per unit time, expressed in J / s.

[0079] M n The fresh air mass flow rate is expressed as kg / s.

[0080] C is the specific heat capacity of air, in J / kg℃;

[0081] T2 is the fresh air outlet temperature, in °C;

[0082] T1 is the fresh air inlet temperature, in °C;

[0083] The condensate volume W in the fume treatment section can be calculated using the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, W is the amount of condensate generated in the fume treatment section of this stage, in kg / s;

[0086] M g This refers to the mass flow rate within the fume treatment zone of this level, expressed in kg / s.

[0087] d2 is the moisture content at the outlet of the fume space in this stage of fume treatment, in g / kg;

[0088] d1 is the moisture content at the inlet of the fume space in this stage of fume treatment section, in g / kg;

[0089] To overcome the difficulties of existing technologies, this invention provides a two-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions. The entire unit includes: an oil fume collection device 1, a charged mixing section 2, a primary oil fume treatment section 3, a secondary oil fume treatment section 4, an oil fume duct component 5, and a fresh air duct component 6. The specific principles underlying the various beneficial effects are explained below, focusing on the detailed structure of the charged mixing section 2, the primary oil fume treatment section 3, and the secondary oil fume treatment section 4.

[0090] Regarding the beneficial effect 1: This invention improves upon existing high-voltage electrostatic technology. Existing high-voltage electrostatic fume removal technology, without the application of inductive charging technology, requires a high voltage of over 10kV for the first cathode component 35 of the primary fume treatment section 3 and the second cathode component 43 of the secondary fume treatment section 4 to charge the fume particles. This results in a wide high-voltage circuit coverage area, high circuit protection costs, and a high risk of air breakdown and sparks, increasing the likelihood of fires during fume treatment. This invention adds a charged mixing section 2, where the high-voltage charged area is limited to the atomizer 21. Furthermore, the internal space of the electrode induction ring maintains positive pressure due to the injection of charged liquid mist, preventing direct contact between the fume and the high-voltage electrodes. This reduces the possibility of sparks and fires, significantly improving the operational safety of the high-voltage electrostatic equipment in fume purification. The numerous electrode lines in the primary fume treatment sections 3 and 4 only provide the Coulomb force to move oil droplets to the collection plate, eliminating the need for high-voltage corona discharge to charge the droplets and reducing the high voltage to medium or low levels. This reduces the high-voltage circuit coverage area, lowers high-voltage circuit protection costs, and enhances system safety.

[0091] Regarding the second beneficial effect: While existing oil fume treatment technologies include spraying to cool the fumes, the water curtain creates significant resistance to the flow of oil fumes, generates a large amount of waste liquid, and has low utilization efficiency of the washing liquid (water). In contrast, this invention uses an atomizing device 2102 to spray the charged washing liquid into the charged mixing section 2. After mixing with the high-temperature oil fumes, the evaporation and cooling effect is significant, with minimal impact on oil fume resistance. Furthermore, within the charged mixing section 2, the charged liquid mist absorbs heat and evaporates, further reducing the oil fume temperature. This temperature reduction promotes… The agglomeration and aggregation of oil fume particles facilitates their removal. Furthermore, the evaporation of charged liquid mist reduces the size of the droplets, increasing the charge-to-mass ratio and promoting the binding of charged droplets with oil fume particles, thus ensuring the effective charging of the particles. Since the majority of oil fume particles are distributed in the micron and nanometer ranges, micron-sized particles exhibit significant gravity settling effects and a large mass proportion, while nano-sized particles show significant diffusion effects and a small mass proportion. Therefore, a grading device is used to remove oil fume particles of different sizes, resulting in excellent oil fume purification.

[0092] Regarding the beneficial effect 3: In the primary fume treatment section 3 and the secondary fume treatment section 4, the residual heat in the charged oil droplets in the fume is transferred to the fresh air through the contact corrugated pipe 34 and the heat collection and exchange pipe 4103. The residual heat in the gas in the fume condenses and releases heat when it encounters the lower temperature corrugated pipe 34 and the heat collection and exchange pipe 4103, thereby heating the fresh air. The fresh air passes through the secondary fume treatment section 4 and the primary fume treatment section 3 in sequence along the fresh air duct, and the temperature continuously increases. The fume passes through the charged mixing section 2, the primary fume treatment section 3 and the secondary fume treatment section 4 in sequence, and the temperature continuously decreases. The fresh air passage and the fume passage of the dual-stage fume treatment unit exchange heat in a counter-current stepped manner, making the maximum use of the residual heat in the fume to heat the fresh air and significantly reducing the energy consumption of fresh air in winter. This invention improves upon existing high-voltage electrostatic technology. Existing high-voltage electrostatic fume removal technology can only charge oil fume particles. When charged oil fume particles accumulate on the corrugated pipe 34 and the collecting heat exchange pipe 4103 due to electrostatic force, the charge on the oil fume particles is difficult to conduct into the corrugated pipe 34 and the collecting heat exchange pipe 4103 because the oil fume accumulates into a paste-like state. This continuous accumulation generates a "back corona" phenomenon, which counteracts the Coulomb driving force generated by the first cathode component 35 and the second cathode component 43. As the thickness of the oil fume accumulation increases, it affects the oil fume particle removal effect, and subsequent cleaning is extremely difficult, impacting the efficiency of the oil fume removal system. This technology solves the above problems in two ways. First, the charged droplet oil fume particle combination in the primary oil fume treatment section 3 and the secondary oil fume treatment section 4 accumulates on the collecting plate under the action of electrostatic force. Because the detergent in the charged droplets is conductive, electrons can be introduced into the collecting plate, which to some extent avoids the accumulation of charge on the collecting plate by the charged oil droplets, thus solving the inhibitory effect of the back electric field on the collection of oil fume particles. Secondly, after passing through the charged mixing section 2, the high humidity in the oil fumes causes condensation at the corrugated pipe 34 and the heat exchange tube 4103, producing condensate that dilutes the concentration of detergent within the charged oil fume droplets, increasing conductivity and reducing the viscosity of the oil fume mixture. The waste liquid on the collection plate, through gravity and the blowing force of the airflow, achieves a self-cleaning function for the oil stains on the collection plate surface during operation. When oil fume treatment is not required, the unit is turned on, and a large amount of charged water mist is carried by the fan-driven airflow from the charged mixing zone into the primary oil fume treatment section 3 and the secondary oil fume treatment section 4. Under the action of electrostatic force, it collects on the corrugated pipe 34 and the heat exchange tube 4103. The detergent in the water mist more thoroughly emulsifies and cleans the residual oil stains on the collection plate. The waste liquid, under the action of gravity and the blowing force, detaches from the collection plate, improving the self-cleaning ability of the oil fume unit and promoting the application of high-voltage electrostatic technology in the field of oil fume treatment.

[0093] Regarding beneficial effect 4: combination Figure 12Existing high-voltage electrostatic technology does not have a dehumidification function for oil fumes. When there is no water mist spray, the moisture content of the oil fumes at the exhaust port is dS1, and when there is water mist spray, the moisture content is approximately dS2. The moisture content is very easy to condense at the exhaust port, causing ice blockage. However, the moisture content of the oil fumes at the exhaust port of this invention is reduced to dS4 due to the condensation and dehumidification of the corrugated pipe 34 and the heat exchange collection pipe 4103. The moisture content in the oil fumes is much lower than that of the existing technology, thus reducing the amount of condensate water at the exhaust port that is in contact with the outside environment and alleviating the freezing blockage of the exhaust port in winter.

Claims

1. A dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit that combines fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions, characterized in that: The processing unit includes an oil fume collection device (1), a charged mixing section (2), a primary oil fume treatment section (3), a secondary oil fume treatment section (4), an oil fume duct component (5), and a fresh air duct component (6). The oil fume collection device (1) is installed at the inlet end of the oil fume duct component (5). The charged mixing section (2), the primary oil fume treatment section (3), and the secondary oil fume treatment section (4) are connected in series in the oil fume duct component (5) along the direction of oil fume flow. The fresh air duct component (6) is located outside the oil fume duct component (5) and is installed on the primary oil fume treatment section (3) and the secondary oil fume treatment section (4). The air inlet end of the fresh air duct component (6) is located outside the secondary oil fume treatment section (4), and the air outlet end of the fresh air duct component (6) passes through the secondary oil fume treatment section (4) and the primary oil fume treatment section (3) in sequence and is located outside the primary oil fume treatment section (3). The fume collection device (1) includes a fume hood (11) and a fume fan (12). The fume fan (12) is installed in the inlet end of the fume duct component (5), and the housing of the fume fan (12) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component (5). The fume hood (11) is installed on the air inlet side of the fume fan (12), and the fume hood (11) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the fume duct component (5). The air inlet side of the fume fan (12) is connected to the fume hood (11), and the air outlet side of the fume fan (12) is connected to the fume duct component (5). The fume duct component (5) includes a first fume duct (51), a second fume duct (52), a first fume reducing pipe (53), a fume bend (54), a second fume reducing pipe (55), and a third fume duct (56). The first fume duct (51), the second fume duct (52), the first fume reducing pipe (53), the fume bend (54), the second fume reducing pipe (55), and the third fume duct (56) are arranged sequentially along the direction of fume flow. A gas collection fan is also included. (12) is installed in the inlet end of the first fume duct (51), and the housing of the gas collecting fan (12) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the inlet end of the first fume duct (51). The gas collecting hood (11) is fixedly connected to the end wall of the inlet end of the first fume duct (51). The inlet end of the second fume duct (52) is connected to the outlet end of the first fume duct (51). The outlet end of the second fume duct (52) is provided with a charged mixing section (2) and a primary fume treatment section (3) in sequence along the direction of fume flow. Furthermore, the inlet end of the charged mixing section (2) is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct (52), the inlet end of the primary fume treatment section (3) is connected to the outlet end of the charged mixing section (2), the first fume reducing pipe (53) is installed at the outlet end of the primary fume treatment section (3), the inlet end of the first fume reducing pipe (53) is connected to the outlet end of the primary fume treatment section (3), and the inlet end of the fume bend (54) is connected to the outlet end of the first fume reducing pipe (53). The inlet end of the second oil fume reducing pipe (55) is connected to the outlet end of the oil fume bend (54). The secondary oil fume treatment section (4) is located at the outlet end of the second oil fume reducing pipe (55). The inlet end of the secondary oil fume treatment section (4) is connected to the outlet end of the second oil fume reducing pipe (55). The third oil fume pipe (56) is located at the outlet end of the secondary oil fume treatment section (4), and the inlet end of the third oil fume pipe (56) is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the secondary oil fume treatment section (4).

2. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The charged mixing section (2) includes a charged atomizer (21) and a mixing box (22). The mixing box (22) is located at the outlet end of the second fume duct (52), and the inlet end of the mixing box (22) is connected to the outlet end of the second fume duct (52). The outlet end of the mixing box (22) is connected to the inlet end of the first-stage fume treatment section (3). The charged atomizer (21) is installed on the top wall of the mixing box (22), and the nozzle end of the charged atomizer (21) is connected to the mixing box (22). The charged atomizer (21) includes a sealing box (2101), an atomizing device (2102), and a sensing electrode (2103). The sealing box (2101) is installed on the top wall of the mixing box (22), and the sealing box (2101) is connected to the mixing box (22). The device (2102) is inserted into the top of the sealed box (2101), and the mist spray end of the atomizing device (2102) is located inside the sealed box (2101). The pressurized air input end and the pressurized washing liquid input end of the atomizing device (2102) are both located outside the sealed box (2101). The sensing electrode (2103) is inserted into the sealed box (2101). One end of the sensing electrode (2103) located inside the sealed box (2101) has a circular structure, and the circular end of the sensing electrode (2103) is located directly below the mist spray end of the atomizing device (2102). The other end of the sensing electrode (2103) located outside the sealed box (2101) is connected to an external wire. The connection points between the atomizing device (2102) and the sensing electrode (2103) and the sealed box (2101) are all sealed.

3. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The primary fume treatment section (3) includes a flue shell (31), a motor equipment box (32), a liquid storage tank (33), a square baffle plate (36), a first cathode unit, and a corrugated pipe unit. The flue shell (31) is located at the outlet end of the mixing box (22), and the inlet end of the flue shell (31) is connected to the outlet end of the mixing box (22). The outlet end of the flue shell (31) is connected to the inlet end of the first fume reducing pipe (53). The motor equipment box (32) is installed on the top of the flue shell (31). The first cathode unit and the corrugated pipe unit are located inside the flue shell (31). The corrugated pipe unit includes multiple corrugated pipe groups, which are arranged equidistantly in the flue shell (31) along the flue gas flow direction. Each corrugated pipe group has multiple corrugated pipes (34) in the vertical direction. The two ends of each corrugated pipe (34) are connected to the corresponding side wall of the flue shell (31). The first cathode unit includes multiple first cathode component groups, which are arranged equidistantly in the flue gas casing (31) along the flue gas flow direction. Each first cathode component group includes multiple first cathode components (35). Each first cathode component (35) is arranged between two adjacent corrugated pipes (34), and the two ends of the first cathode component (35) are detachably connected to the corresponding side wall of the flue gas casing (31). The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box (32) is connected to the voltage input terminal of each first cathode component (35). The liquid storage tank (33) is arranged at the bottom of the outlet end of the flue gas casing (31), and the top of the liquid storage tank (33) is connected to the flue gas casing (31). The side opening of the liquid storage tank (33) is connected to the waste liquid collection device. The square baffle plate (36) is embedded in the outlet end of the flue gas casing (31), and the square baffle plate (36) is detachably connected to the flue gas casing (31).

4. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer casing (31) of the flue includes a front side plate (3101), a top plate (3102), a rear side plate (3103), and a bottom plate (3104). The front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103) are arranged parallel to each other. The top plate (3102) is located on top of the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103), and the bottom edge of the front side of the top plate (3102) is fixedly connected to the front side plate (3101). The bottom edge of the rear side of the top plate (3102) is fixedly connected to the rear side plate (3103). The bottom plate (3104) is located at the bottom of the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103), and the bottom plate (3104) is arranged parallel to the top plate (3102). The top edge of the front side of the bottom plate (3104) is fixedly connected to the front side plate (3101). The bottom edge of the rear side of the bottom plate (3104) is fixedly connected to the top side plate (3102). The top edge of the front side plate (3101) is fixedly connected to the rear side plate (3103). The front side plate (3101) is evenly processed with multiple first rectangular openings and multiple sets of first cathode connection holes. The rear side plate (3103) is evenly processed with multiple second rectangular openings and multiple sets of second cathode connection holes. Each first rectangular opening corresponds to one second rectangular opening, and a set of first cathode connection holes corresponds to a set of second cathode connection holes. One end of each corrugated tube (34) is connected to a first rectangular opening, and the other end of each corrugated tube (34) is connected to a second rectangular opening. One end of each first cathode assembly (35) is detachably connected to the front side plate (3101) through a set of first cathode connection holes, and the other end of each first cathode assembly (35) is detachably connected to the rear side plate (3103) through a set of second cathode connection holes.

5. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The first cathode assembly (35) includes a first cathode frame (35022), two first cathode frame connecting wires and multiple electrode parts. The multiple electrode parts are equidistantly arranged in the first cathode frame (35022) along the width extension direction of the multiple electrode parts, and one end of each electrode part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022). Each first cathode frame connecting wire is located on the outside of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022). Two spiral fixing posts (35021) are symmetrically arranged on the outside of each wide frame body along the center line of the length direction of the wide frame body. One end of each spiral fixing post (35021) is fixedly connected to the first cathode frame (35022). The first cathode frame (35022) is detachably connected to a first cathode frame connecting wire through the two spiral fixing posts (35021). The first cathode frame (35022) is detachably connected to the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103) respectively through the two first cathode frame connecting wires. The electrode section includes a fishbone wire (35011) and a plurality of fishbone wires (35012). The fishbone wire (35011) is horizontally arranged between two wide frame bodies in the first cathode frame (35022), and each end of the fishbone wire (35011) is fixedly connected to the adjacent wide frame body. The plurality of fishbone wires (35012) are arranged alternately on both sides of the fishbone wire (35011), and one end of each fishbone wire (35012) is fixedly connected to the fishbone wire (35011). The first cathode frame connection terminal includes an insulating plate (35033), two second nuts (35031), and two connecting studs (35032). The insulating plate (35033) is located on the outside of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022). Two connecting holes are machined in the middle of the insulating plate (35033), each corresponding coaxially to a spiral fixing post (35021). The insulating plate (35033) is sleeved onto the two spiral fixing posts (35021) through the two connecting holes, and is detachably connected to the first cathode frame (35022) through the two first nuts (35023). A mounting hole is machined at each of the upper and lower ends of the insulating plate (35033), and each mounting hole contains a corresponding... A connecting stud (35032) is provided. One end of the connecting stud (35032) is located on the side of the insulating plate (35033) near the first cathode frame (35022). The other end of the connecting stud (35032) passes through the front side plate (3101) or the rear side plate (3103) and is inserted into a second nut (35031). The insulating plate (35033) is detached and connected to the front side plate (3101) or the rear side plate (3103) through the cooperation of two connecting studs (35032) and two second nuts (35031). Each spiral fixing post (35021) is provided with a wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box (32) is connected to multiple spiral fixing posts (35021) through multiple first cathode wires (35024).

6. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary fume treatment section (4) includes a shell-and-tube pipe (41), an oil collection hopper, and a second cathode assembly. The shell-and-tube pipe (41) is located at the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe (55), and the inlet end of the shell-and-tube pipe (41) is connected to the outlet end of the second fume reducing pipe (55). The second cathode assembly is located in the shell-and-tube pipe (41). The top of the second cathode assembly extends above the shell-and-tube pipe (41), and the top of the second cathode assembly is fixedly connected to the outer top of the shell-and-tube pipe (41). The bottom of the second cathode assembly extends below the shell-and-tube pipe (41), and the bottom of the second cathode assembly is fixedly connected to the outer bottom of the shell-and-tube pipe (41). The oil collection hopper is fitted on the outlet end of the shell-and-tube pipe (41), and the top of the oil collection hopper is detachably connected to the shell-and-tube pipe (41). The third fume pipe (56) is located on the oil collection hopper, and the inlet end of the third fume pipe (56) is connected to the flue gas outlet end of the oil collection hopper. The shell-and-tube pipe (41) includes an upper top plate (4101), an outer cylinder (4102), a lower bottom plate (4104), and multiple heat collection tubes (4103). The upper top plate (4101) is located at the top inlet end of the outer cylinder (4102) and has a circular plate structure. The upper top plate (4101) is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (4102). The lower bottom plate (4104) is located at the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder (4102) and has a V-shape. The bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder (4102) is fitted with the bottom plate (4104), the bottom plate (4104) is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (4102), and multiple heat exchange tubes (4103) are arranged in an array in the outer cylinder (4102). The top end of each heat exchange tube (4103) passes through the top plate (4101) and is connected to the second oil fume reducing pipe (55). The bottom end of each heat exchange tube (4103) passes through the bottom plate (4104) and is connected to the oil collection hopper. The oil collecting hopper includes an oil collecting cylinder (4201), a waste liquid pipe (4202), and an arc-shaped baffle plate (4203). The top of the oil collecting cylinder (4201) is fitted onto the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder (4102), and the oil collecting cylinder (4201) and the outer cylinder (4102) are detachably connected. The bottom of the oil collecting cylinder (4201) is set with an inverted conical structure. The waste liquid pipe (4202) is provided at the center of the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder (4201), and the top of the waste liquid pipe (4202) is connected to the bottom of the oil collecting cylinder (4201). The waste liquid pipe (4202) is connected to the waste liquid collection device at its bottom end. A flue gas outlet is machined on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder (4201). A third oil fume pipe (56) is set on the outer side wall of the oil collecting cylinder (4201), and the inlet end of the third oil fume pipe (56) is connected to the flue gas outlet on the oil collecting cylinder (4201). An arc-shaped baffle plate (4203) is set at the flue gas outlet on the side wall of the oil collecting cylinder (4201), and the arc-shaped baffle plate (4203) is detachably connected to the oil collecting cylinder (4201).

7. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The second cathode assembly includes a mounting bracket (4302), a V-shaped bottom frame (4303), a cross-shaped insulating sheet (4304), and multiple cylindrical electrodes (4301). The cross-shaped insulating sheet (4304) is disposed above the upper top plate (4101) and is fixedly connected to the outer top of the upper top plate (4101). The V-shaped bottom frame (4303) is disposed below the lower bottom plate (4104) and is detachably connected to the lower bottom plate (4104) via the mounting bracket (4302). Multiple cylindrical electrodes (4301) are arranged in an array on the cross-shaped insulating sheet (4304). Between the V-shaped bottom frame (4303) and the V-shaped bottom frame (4303), one end of each cylindrical pole wire (4301) is fixedly connected to a pole wire mounting hole on the cross insulating sheet (4304), and the other end of each cylindrical pole wire (4301) passes through the upper top plate (4101), a heat exchange tube (4103), and the lower bottom plate (4104) in sequence and is fixedly connected to the V-shaped bottom frame (4303). The V-shaped bottom frame (4303) is provided with multiple cylindrical joints, and each cylindrical joint is machined with a wire interface. The voltage output terminal of the motor equipment box (32) is connected to multiple cylindrical joints through multiple second cathode wires (4305).

8. The dual-stage electrostatic fume treatment unit with both fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The fresh air duct component (6) includes a first fresh air duct (61), a second fresh air duct (62), a first static pressure box (63), a second static pressure box (64), and a third fresh air duct (65). The first fresh air duct (61) is located at the lower part of the outer cylinder (4102), with its air inlet end connected to the atmosphere and its air outlet end connected to the outer cylinder (4102). The second fresh air duct (62) is located at the upper part of the outer cylinder (4102), with its air inlet end connected to the outer cylinder (4102) and its air outlet end connected to the air inlet end of the second static pressure box (64). 4) The rear side plate (3103) is fixed to the outer shell of the flue (31). The air outlet of the second static pressure box (64) is connected to multiple corrugated pipes (34) through multiple rectangular openings of No. 2 on the rear side plate (3103). The first static pressure box (63) is fixed to the front side plate (3101) on the outer shell of the flue (31). The air inlet of the first static pressure box (63) is connected to multiple corrugated pipes (34) through multiple rectangular openings of No. 1 on the front side plate (3101). The third fresh air duct (65) is set on the first static pressure box (63). The air inlet of the third fresh air duct (65) is connected to the air outlet of the first static pressure box (63). The air outlet of the third fresh air duct (65) is connected to the room.

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