Watermelon Cultivation Method under High Temperature Conditions and Dormancy-breaking Hotbed

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cultivation method for watermelons under high-temperature conditions and a dormancy-breaking hotbed, including a planting unit. A passage is arranged in the middle of the planting unit, and a first planting zone and a second planting zone are arranged on both sides of the passage. A cuboid first accommodation chamber is arranged below the first planting zone, and a cuboid second accommodation chamber is arranged below the second planting zone. Bags made of degradable materials are covered in the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber, and fertilizers are filled in the bags. On the basis of not changing the conventional and traditional cultivation modes, without disassembling the greenhouse and without breaking the rain-shelter cultivation, the present invention has the advantages of easy fruit setting of watermelons, increased yield, and production of high-quality watermelons under high-temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of watermelon cultivation, and particularly relates to a watermelon cultivation method and a dormancy-breaking hotbed under high-temperature conditions. Background Art

[0002] Watermelon is a common fruit with rich water content and nutritional value. The cultivation history of watermelon is very long and can be traced back to ancient China. Initially, watermelon was a wild fruit discovered by people in the wild and later brought home for cultivation. With the development of society, watermelon has gradually become an important cash crop. Now, watermelons are planted in rural areas across the country and are an important part of the rural economy. In terms of economic benefits, watermelon cultivation can bring considerable economic income. On the one hand, watermelon is an essential fruit for people to relieve summer heat, with a large market demand and a relatively high price. On the other hand, through scientific cultivation techniques and modern management means, the growth effect, yield and quality of watermelon can be improved, thus increasing economic benefits.

[0003] One of the most important elements in watermelon production and cultivation is to control the temperature. The optimal temperature for watermelon growth is around 25 degrees Celsius. When the temperature is lower than 10 degrees Celsius, watermelon enters the "hibernation" period and stops growing; when the temperature is higher than 40 degrees Celsius, watermelon enters the "summer dormancy" period and also stops growing.

[0004] Currently, when implemented according to the existing technology, when the temperature rises above 40 degrees Celsius, there are disadvantages such as difficult fruit setting, small fruit size, many deformities, low yield and poor quality of watermelon. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a watermelon cultivation method and a dormancy-breaking hotbed under high-temperature conditions.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a dormancy-breaking hotbed for watermelon cultivation under high-temperature conditions, including a planting unit. A passage is provided in the middle of the planting unit, and a first planting belt and a second planting belt are provided on both sides of the passage. A cuboid first accommodating chamber is provided below the first planting belt, and a cuboid second accommodating chamber is provided below the second planting belt. Bags made of biodegradable materials are laid in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, and fertilizers are filled in the bags.

[0007] Further, the widths of the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber are 30 - 40 cm, and the depths are 30 - 40 cm.

[0008] Further, the length of the bag is 100 cm and the width is 30 cm.

[0009] Further, the distances between the passage and the first planting belt and the second planting belt are both 100 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the planting units is several and they are arranged in a square array.

[0011] According to the second aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a watermelon cultivation method under high temperature conditions, including the following steps:

[0012] S1: When preparing the land and making ridges, build a passage in the middle of the planting unit, dig a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber on both sides of the passage, put the fertilizer into a bag made of degradable material and then pre-bury it in the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, and cover a first planting belt and a second planting belt above the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber respectively;

[0013] S2: When the temperature range is 5 - 20 °C, each watermelon plant adopts a two-vine-one-fruit cultivation mode;

[0014] S3: When the temperature range is 15 - 30 °C, after the watermelon is mature and harvested, cut off part of the first root system to stimulate the growth of the second root system, and after the watermelon is mature and harvested again, cut off the second root system to stimulate the growth of the third root system;

[0015] S4: When the temperature is above 30 °C, make preparations for the transfer growth of the third root system, and change the cultivation mode of each watermelon plant from two-vine-one-fruit to multi-vine-one-fruit;

[0016] S5: Pour an appropriate amount of clear water on the planting belt to release the fertilizer source, and guide the third root system to the dormancy-breaking hotbed.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step S1, the width of the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber dug is 30 - 40 cm, and the depth is 30 - 40 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step S1, the bag selected for loading has a length of 100 cm and a width of 30 cm.

[0019] Furthermore, in the step S1, the first planting belt and the second planting belt are dug at a distance of 100 cm from the passage, the plant spacing in the first planting belt and the second planting belt is 25 cm, and 640 plants are planted per mu.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the watermelon cultivation method and the dormancy-breaking hotbed provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] As the temperature gradually rises, after the first and second watermelon crops are harvested, some of the old underground roots are cut off to stimulate the growth of new roots. When the surface temperature in the greenhouse reaches 60 degrees, the temperature at 10 cm underground is 55 degrees; the temperature at 20 cm underground is 45 degrees; and the temperature at 30 cm underground is 30 degrees. These temperatures are exactly the right temperature to break the watermelon's "summer dormancy." At this time, the "dormancy-breaking hotbed" is activated, and an appropriate amount of clean water is poured in to catalyze the degradation of the fertilizer bags, release the fertilizer source, and throw out bait to guide the new roots into the "dormancy-breaking hotbed." This creates good physiological conditions and a good growth environment for the watermelon. The roots gradually absorb the pre-buried nutrients and continuously transport nutrients to the vines and leaves, promoting photosynthesis and providing the nutrients needed for the growth and development of the watermelon fruit. This solves the pain points of difficult fruit setting, small fruit shape, many deformed fruits, low yield, and poor quality under high temperature conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a top view of the planting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side sectional view of a planting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 1. It is a schematic top view of a sleep-breaking hotbed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the first schematic diagram of the second vine and fruit embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the vine and fruit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the first schematic diagram of the multi-vine and one fruit embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the multi-vine and one fruit embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Provide a hotbed for watermelon cultivation under high temperature conditions, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes setting a passage 101 for operation in the middle of a planting unit 100, which is a planting greenhouse. First planting zones 102 and second planting zones 103 are set at 100 cm on both sides of the passage 101. The first planting zones 102 and the second planting zones 103 are arranged on the ground. Cuboid first accommodation chambers 301 and second accommodation chambers 302 are respectively arranged below the first planting zones 102 and the second planting zones 103 to facilitate the downward extension of the watermelon roots and then enter the corresponding chambers. A number of bags 201 are lined in the first accommodation chambers 301 and the second accommodation chambers 302. Of course, it can also be an integral bag. Since the bags 201 are arranged in the soil and are made of degradable materials, the bags 201 can be decomposed only by watering to release the fertilizer source. Fertilizer is filled in the bags 201, and the fertilizer is pre-placed in the underground accommodation chambers and catalytically degraded regularly to release the fertilizer source regularly, waiting to be activated to break the "summer dormancy" of watermelons.

[0031] Further, in this embodiment, the widths of the first accommodation chamber 301 and the second accommodation chamber 302 are set to 30 - 40 cm, and the depths are set to 30 - 40 cm.

[0032] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the length of the bag 201 is 100 cm, and the width is 30 cm. The bags 201 are connected end to end and lined on the bottom wall of the accommodation chamber, and the width is less than or equal to the width of the accommodation chamber to facilitate the full decomposition and release of the fertilizer in the bags 201.

[0033] Further, the number of planting units 100 is several and forms a square array, so that the passages and the dormancy-breaking hotbeds are connected to facilitate the management and maintenance of watermelon planting.

[0034] Provide a dormancy-breaking hotbed for watermelon cultivation under high-temperature conditions, including the following steps:

[0035] S1: When preparing the land and making ridges, build a passage in the middle of the planting unit, dig a first accommodation chamber and a second accommodation chamber on both sides of the passage, put the fertilizer into bags made of degradable materials and then pre-bury them into the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber, and respectively line a first planting zone and a second planting zone above the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber;

[0036] S2: When the temperature range is 5 - 20 °C, each watermelon plant adopts a two-vine and one-fruit cultivation mode;

[0037] S3: When the temperature range is 15 - 30 °C, after the watermelon is mature and harvested, cut off some of the first roots 401 to stimulate the growth of the second roots 501. After the watermelon is mature and harvested again, cut off the second roots 501 to stimulate the growth of the third roots 601;

[0038] S4: When the temperature range is above 30°C, make preparations for the transfer growth of the third root system 601, and change the cultivation mode of each watermelon plant from two-vine-one-fruit to multi-vine-one-fruit.

[0039] S5: Irrigate an appropriate amount of clear water on the planting belt to release the fertilizer source, and guide the third root system 601 to the dormancy-breaking hotbed.

[0040] Specifically, the planting belt is located 100 cm on both sides of the operation passage 101 in the middle of the planting unit 100. The ground is covered with the planting belt, and the dormancy-breaking hotbed is underground. That is, the dormancy-breaking hotbed is pre-buried under the planting belt. When preparing the land and making ridges, dig deep trenches to form the first accommodation chamber 301 and the second accommodation chamber 302, pre-bury a sufficient amount of organic fertilizer, fill the fertilizer into the degradable bag 201 and wait for activation, for regular catalytic degradation and regular release of the fertilizer source.

[0041] When the temperature range is 5 - 20°C, at this time the temperature is relatively low, the watermelon root system is not yet developed, the nutrient absorption efficiency is relatively low, and the growth rate is relatively slow. As Figure 4 shown, each watermelon plant adopts the two-vine-one-fruit cultivation mode, that is, each watermelon plant retains two branches, and only one fruit is set on one branch to ensure obtaining high-quality watermelons.

[0042] As Figure 5 shown, when the temperature range is 15 - 30°C, each watermelon plant adopts the two-vine-one-fruit cultivation mode. After the first crop of watermelons is mature and harvested, part of the first root system 401 is cut off, waiting to stimulate the second root system 501, making preparations for the root system to enter the dormancy-breaking hotbed directionally. After the first and second crops of watermelons are mature and harvested, the second root system 501 is cut off, and the third root system 601 is stimulated. At this time, more third root systems 601 will be formed quickly, which is beneficial for the watermelon to absorb nutrients quickly and efficiently.

[0043] As Figure 6 shown, as the temperature gradually rises, when the temperature range is above 30°C, make preparations for the transfer growth of the third root system 601, and transform from the two-vine-one-fruit to a natural and wild free-growth mode, forming a multi-vine-one-fruit growth trend, that is, the cultivation mode of each watermelon plant changes from two-vine-one-fruit to multi-vine-one-fruit. By cultivating more branches to fully carry out photosynthesis and transpiration. At this time, the dormancy-breaking hotbed can be activated. As Figure 7 shown, irrigate an appropriate amount of clear water on the planting belt, catalyze the degradation of the fertilizer bag, release the fertilizer source, lay out the bait, and guide the third root system 601 to the dormancy-breaking hotbed directionally.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the width of the first accommodating chamber 301 and the second accommodating chamber 302 is 30 to 40 cm, and the depth is 30 to 40 cm. Bags 201 with a length of 100 cm and a width of 30 cm are selected for bagging. The bags 201 are connected end to end and covered on the bottom wall of the accommodating chamber. The width of the bag 201 is less than or equal to the width of the accommodating chamber, so as to facilitate the full decomposition and release of the fertilizer in the bag 201.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the plant spacing within the planting belt is maintained at 25 cm, and 640 plants are planted per mu, so as to establish a suitable spacing between adjacent plants to ensure that each watermelon plant fully absorbs nutrients while ensuring the yield per mu.

[0046] The working principle of this method, which can achieve high yield and high quality of watermelon under high temperature conditions, is that as the temperature gradually increases, after the first and second crops of watermelon are harvested, part of the underground old root system is cut off to promote the growth of new root system. When the surface temperature of the greenhouse is as high as 60 degrees, the temperature at 10 cm underground is 55 degrees; the temperature at 20 cm underground is 45 degrees; the temperature at 30 cm underground is 30 degrees. The temperature here is exactly the temperature to break the "summer dormancy" of watermelon. At this time, the "dormancy-breaking hotbed" is activated, and an appropriate amount of clean water is poured in to catalyze the degradation of the fertilizer bag, release the fertilizer source, throw out bait, and introduce the new root system into the "dormancy-breaking hotbed" in a targeted manner, creating good physiological conditions and growth environment for the growth of watermelon. The roots slowly and continuously absorb the pre-buried nutrients and continuously transport nutrients to the vines and leaves, promoting photosynthesis and providing the nutrients needed for the growth and development of watermelon fruits. This solves the pain points of difficult fruit setting, small fruit shape, many deformities, low yield and poor quality under high temperature conditions.

Claims

1. A watermelon cultivation method under high temperature conditions, characterized in that, Among them, a dormancy-breaking hotbed is adopted. The dormancy-breaking hotbed includes a planting unit. A passage is arranged in the middle of the planting unit, and a first planting belt and a second planting belt are arranged on both sides of the passage. A cuboid first accommodation chamber is arranged below the first planting belt, and a cuboid second accommodation chamber is arranged below the second planting belt. Bags made of degradable materials are laid in the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber, and fertilizers are filled in the bags. The watermelon cultivation method under high-temperature conditions includes the following steps: S1: When preparing the land and making ridges, build a passage in the middle of the planting unit, dig a first accommodation chamber and a second accommodation chamber on both sides of the passage, pre-bury the fertilizers in bags made of degradable materials into the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber, and lay a first planting belt and a second planting belt above the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber respectively. S2: When the temperature range is 5 - 20 °C, each watermelon plant adopts a two-vine and one-fruit cultivation mode. S3: When the temperature range is 15 - 30 °C, after the watermelon is mature and harvested, cut off part of the first root system to stimulate the growth of the second root system. After the watermelon is mature and harvested again, cut off the second root system to stimulate the growth of the third root system. S4: When the temperature is above 30 °C, make preparations for the transfer growth of the third root system, and change the cultivation mode of each watermelon plant from two-vine and one-fruit to multi-vine and one-fruit. S5: Irrigate an appropriate amount of clear water on the planting belt to release the fertilizer source, and guide the third root system to the dormancy-breaking hotbed.

2. The watermelon cultivation method under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the digging width of the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber is 30 - 40 cm, and the depth is 30 - 40 cm.

3. The watermelon cultivation method under high temperature conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the selected bag for filling has a length of 100 cm and a width of 30 cm.

4. The watermelon cultivation method under high-temperature conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the first planting belt and the second planting belt are dug at a distance of 100 cm from the passage. The plant spacing in the first planting belt and the second planting belt is 25 cm, and 640 plants are planted per mu.

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